留学生作业英语
Background:
John Lee established his business, retailing electrical appliances, on the 1st July 2008. The first two years of operations have proved difficult. There has been increasing competition due to the global financial crisis and subsequent fail in demand. He has therefore been forced to reduce prices and profit margins.
Mr. Lee is now worried about his future viability. In addition he has received a legacy of $50,000 and is seeking your advice as to how best to invest this, should he invest in the business by increasing his share capital and increasing the business’s financial resources?
The purpose of this assessment is to check the much required financial skills and decision making in accordance with those financial parameters which include:
? Preparing statements of financial performance and financial position of a company
? Calculating ratios in order to determine short term and long term stability
? Determining financial stability
? Recommendation of internal controls that improve unfavorable ratios
In this company analysis we will see the effects of prevailing financial chaos and best feasible possibilities to get through them and decision regarding further future investments in which line of business or where and how to invest for prospect gains?
Financial Statements:
John Lee Ltd
Income statement
As end of June 30th, 2009
Notes
?Cost of Goods Sold = Beginning Inventory + purchasing – closing inventory ?Gross Profit = Sales – Cost of Goods Sold
?The depreciation expense was AU$26,000 in 2009 year.
?Net Profit = Total Revenues – Total expenses
Year 2010
John Lee Ltd
Income statement
As end of June 30th, 2010
Notes
?Cost of Goods Sold = Beginning Inventory + purchasing – closing inventory
?Gross Profit = Sales – Cost of Goods Sold
?The depreciation expense was AU$28,000 in 2010 year. ?Net Profit = Total Revenues – Total expenses
John Lee Ltd
Balance sheet
As end of June 30th, 2009
AU$
Notes
?The provision for depreciation was AU$26,000 in 2009 year. ?Asset = Liability + Equity
Year 2010
John Lee Ltd
Balance sheet
As end of June 30th, 2010
AU$
Notes
1. The provision for depreciation was AU$54,000 in 2010 year. (The depreciation of 2009 + the depreciation of 2010 = the provision for depreciation.)
2. Asset = Liability + Equity
Financial ratios:
Financial ratios of John Lee Ltd
From 2009 to 2010 year
Evaluation and analysis of business:
Financial statement analysis for internal users is to provide strategic information to improve company efficiency & effectiveness in providing products & services. External users rely on financial statement analysis to make better & more informed decisions in pursuing their own goals. In our case we will have a look upon Profitability, Liquidity and Efficiency in John Lee Ltd. and his decision to further invest $50,000 in the same line of business to overcome the flaws or may be to get the better results by investing his own capital instead of liability payments. We are analyzing the ratios presented in the above table as our tool of examination, because they provide clues to & symptoms of underlying conditions and can help to uncover conditions & trends difficult to detect by inspecting individual components. This mathematical relation expressed as ratio between two quantities. It can also be said a percent, rate or proportion.
1. Profitability for John Lee Ltd
Profitability of a company is the ability to provide financial rewards sufficiently to attract & retain financing in that business which in our case is John Lee Ltd. dealing with electrical appliances. According to the financial ratios Gross Profit Margin turned from 11.9% in 2009 to 9.2% in 2010. Gross Profit /Sale: Gross profit
per sales ratio as a percentage 2009 is showing a declining trend which depicts the negative movement of profit margin in total as compared to 2010. Operating Expenses have shown some sort of efficiency moving from 7.2% in 2009 to 7.1% in 2010. Operating Expense / Sales: Operating Expenses per unit of sales ratio as a percentage 2009 is showing a favorable trend which depicts the overall efficiency gained in 2010. Return on Owner’s Equity was 56.1% in 2009 while in 2010 this ratio significantly changed to 27.5%. Net Income / Total Common Equity: Return on Owner’s Equity ratio has shown that net income per total common equity has declined just over a period of one year from 2009 to in 2010. Return on Sales also declined from 19.7% in 2009 to 7.4% 2010. (Net Income / Profit) / Total Asset: profit (net) or net income over the total invested assets is also keeping a low volume making the returns on sales low on 2010 as compared to 2009. Profit gains in 2010 have dropped considerably from 2009, due to a fall in the gross profit margin. Comparison with industry average indicates that industry competitors are performing remarkably better. And the profits previously reaped only by John Lee Ltd. are now shared by a whole new set of competitors in the market. John Lee Ltd. has limited options due to the current state of the market, however, he should endeavor to increase his prices or seek cheaper sources of supply. The company may achieve improved results by a careful analysis of the profit margin on all products, dropping those that have a low margin and then attempting to replace them with higher profit products. A look on profit generating products and their specialization will help company to outweigh competitors in some frontiers.
2. Liquidity ability of the John Lee Ltd.
Current Ratio was 1.7 times in 2009 as compared to1.4 times 2010. Which means that Current Asset / Current Liability: current asset per liability is not increasing rather it is declining or decreasing in the current year of 2010. So this is positive outcome of asset investment reducing the burden of liabilities. The current year performance 2010 is favorable as compared to 2009. Quick Asset Ratio has shown a decreasing trend from 1.3 times in 2009 to 1.0 time in 2010. (Current Asset –Closing Inventory) / Current Liability: the net of current asset minus closing inventory per liability ratio shows a losing direction in term of company gains, which reduced from 1.3 times to 1.0 in 2010.
The liquidity position as shown by the current asset and quick asset ratios are weakening and any further drop is a red alert for the liquidity problems in particular. John Lee Ltd. will need additional funds or a bank overdraft in the near future or may be more investment by the owner itself which he can make through the $50,000 legacy. A betterment of debtors and creditors ratios as discussed above would help to stabilize on short terms and for a limited time period but the problem of low profitability is to be addressed on primitive basis for market presence and competitive
edge over others. If he can forecast improved results then the additional funds would be well spent. This would only reduce the gearing to about 65% as of 2009 level which is still well above the industry average. Gearing or leverage is very high and can lead to problems when profits are low and indicates that Lee is undercapitalized as compared with the industrial average. Owner’s Equity/ capital ratio to borrowed capital demonstrated a movement from 65.1% in 2009 to 73.2% in 2010. This ratio also know as Gearing as presented in the table is calculated as Total Liability / Total Asset: liabilities as a ratio of assets have moved upward by a significant percentage in this horizontal analysis. Liquidity and availability of resources to meet short term cash requirements can be tackled through stock injection in the financial market or use of legacy money to capitalize the short term requirements or ultimately going to a flexible and efficient financer, this analysis of liquidity is aimed at a company’s funding requirements.
3. Efficiency ability for the John Lee Ltd.
Efficiency refers to the productive environment of the company in using its assets & is usually measured relative to how much revenue is generated from a certain level of assets. Asset Turnover increased to 6.3 times in 2010 from 5.4 times in 2009. This turnover rate is Sales / Total Asset: as we know from theory that the return or turnover rate of assets in use increase over a couple of year and then cause depreciations to be considered during this time period ultimately making its replacement possible or to considerate. Similarly an increase in sales per unit of total assets is seen during this time period from 2009 to 2010. There is no change in Debtors’ Turnover time period from 2009 to 2010 as it is the same as 26 days. This calculated as Sales / Account Receivable: the ratio of sales per account receivable is happening in the same duration time in 2009 and also in 2010. So the account receivable is efficient during this time. John Lee should reduce the outstanding by tightening control over debtors by only allowing credit after full investigation and following up outstanding debtors with more vigor. This is highlighted by comparison with creditors which are obviously being paid very promptly. Stretching these to say less than 26 days would improve the cash position. Inventory Turnover is taking one more day in 2009 as compared to 2010. This activity is happening in 12 days in 2009 and 13 days in 2010. So the Sales / Inventory: sales per inventory turnover are slight delayed as compared to the previous year 2009. Liquidity & efficiency ability is required to meet short term obligations & to efficiently generate revenues. In comparison to the industrial average the performance of John Lee Ltd. is not much efficient and they to opt for viable and more efficient revenue generating investment option to stay in the market. John Lee can invest his legacy money $ 50,000 to boost the business, cutting the unnecessary
costs to become profitable again.
4. Recommendations for the whole business
The current down cycle of John Lee Ltd is connected to general lack of confidence in the financial system which has led to risk aversion and undercapitalization. There has been high level of financial market risk for debtor. The recent financial crisis impacts the business and the real economy with an abrupt end to the commodity boom, a rapid deterioration in asset ratios lead to serious problems in liquidity. Debtors and creditors ratios should be improved to build trust. To improve the basic problem which is low profitability, John Lee Ltd. needs to consider 3 aspects. Management of costs is critical, and needs to be reduced, the ability to maintain sales and retain customers. A small change can dramatically affect company’s overall profitability. Cost saving plans must be reviewed for coherence and realism of outcome. Which can be done by a) Streamlining company’s products and services so they’re focusing on the most profitable parts of the business; b) Outsource non-critical portions of company’s business; c) Negotiate with company’s vendors and supplies for better rates; d) Reduce company’s inventory; e) Consolidation and standardization, it also reduces complexity so that companies can respond to opportunities faster. Every business needs a steady stream of potential customers. Company should expand their market and increase interests in products and services they have to offer. Also, company has to turn potential customers to paying customers. To reach this aim, company has to implement more effective sales and marketing techniques. They should arrange products stores well so as to make their products and services more attractive.
These will help to bring profitability, efficiency and liquidity in the financial sheets of John Lee Ltd. Increasing Mr. John stake in the assets portion or making the new plans to explore market in more innovative way for customers will help John Lee to enjoy more profits.
Bibliography:
Self Analysis
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清华大学留学生入学考试英语第一次模拟考试 一、单项填空（20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 1. Japan says its prime minister promised to provide the world with "maximum transparency" about ____ accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant during _____ telephone call. A. the; a B. the; the C. an; the D. an; a 2．It is thought that Henan Shuanghui Industry Group Co., Ltd. ____take responsibility for its consumers. A. can B. may C. must D. need 3. The civil war in Libya that ______on March 12 _______ for a week until now. A broke out; has lasted B breaking out ; was lasted C was broken out; has lasted D broke out; lasting 4. It was not until the subprime loan crisis(次贷危机) had caused great damage to the American financial system ____ Americans realized the severity（严重性）of the situation. A. which B. that C. what D. when 5. In order to make people to _____ money to the sick baby, he suggested the mother kneel down every few meters in the street. A. distribute B. provide C. afford D. donate 6．A serious forest fire broke out in Shandong, _______ the authority had to take immediate steps to protect the forest in Tai’an. A. why B. which C. as D. for which 7．- Nowadays children have to take arts, music and sports classes in their free time ____ busy schoolwork. - No wonder they have more and more pressure. A. rather than B. owing to C. apart from D. expect for 8．The biggest full moon of 2011 occurred on a Saturday night, ______ Chinese observers to gather outside to record the splendor. A. to lead B. led C. leading D. having led 9．I heard the alarm ringing all the morning. ____ something very urgent happened. A. Really B. Obviously C. Especially D. Terribly 10．The figures are further evidence ______ children are more likely to become near-sighted. A. that B. what C. why D. which 11．The radiation from the nuclear power in Japan urged all the nations around to ______ their people to make preparations for possible disasters. A. fight for B. apply for C. call on D. wait on 12. ______young people were making efforts to take more exercise and eat healthily, they are still putting on weight. A. Because B. Now that C. When D. While 13．He gets up at six o'clock, runs for half an hour and then has a meal; that is his morning __________. A．policy B．behaviour C．tendency D．routine 14．There happened earthquakes in many places recently, one of ____ was in Japan. A. the others B. them C. it D. which 15．—It is so hot today! Do you mind if I drink this last bottle of beer, Susan? —________. I’ll go and get some more this afternoon. A. I’m very sorry B. Yes, please C. I don’t care D. Go ahead 16. It takes a lot of______ to become a good swimmer. A. train B. exercise C. practice D. performance 17. Every classroom in this modern school is_______ with a new computer.
和爱好有关的英语口语
和爱好有关的英语口语 今天给大家带来的是英语的口语，学习英语就是要花很多时间的，大家要好好看一看，背一背，这样才能更快的提升英语成绩哦，大家快点行动起来吧，有需要的可以收藏起来哦 一在酒吧At the bar AThe bartender just gave the last call. Let's order another round, okay? 酒保已经宣布要打烊了，我们再喝一杯如何? BSure, but let's get a pitcher this time We should be able to down it before they close. 没问题，但这次我们一定要喝大壶的!我想打烊之前我们应该可以喝完。 AThat sounds good. You order the beer while I go to the bathroom. Where is the can in this place? 听起来真不错。你去要酒，我要去洗手间。盥洗室在什么地方? BIt's all the way to the back. See that yellow door? 一直向后面走。看见那扇黄色的门了吗? AYeah. I think I can find it. 嗯，我想我能找到。 BYou're back already. That sure was quick.
你已经回来了，真快。 AThat's because I just took one step inside and turned right around. That bathroom is too gross for me. 因为我刚进门便转身回来了。那洗手间实在太脏了。 BWell, the bartender wouldn't give me the pitcher of beer. Anyway. He said it was too close to closing time. 对了，酒保不愿卖给我们大壶啤酒，因为下班时间马上就到了。 ALet's leave then.I could take some fresh air, anyway. 那我们走吧!不论如何我可以透透气儿。 BOkay，let's go! 好吧，走吧! 二在游乐公园 AWow, the ferris wheel over there is so big. I'd like to take a ride on it. 哇，那边的摩天轮好大啊。我想去坐。 BIt is called Energy Collector. 那叫聚能飞船。 ALook at your right-hand. Is it the zone of the Lost Maya Kingdom? 快看你的右手边。那时失落的玛雅王国吗? BMaybe. Oh.I see the Jungle Flying Train.I once rode it.It was very exciting.
大学英语口语练习培训资料
大学英语口语练习
1. Topic: foreigner living in China Situation: A Chinese reporter is interviewing with an American who has lived in China for more than a year. They are talking about the cultural differences between China and America as well as the positive and negative aspects of living in China. Cues: positive; negative; responsible; cheap; friendly; travel; lack of privacy; too much curiosity; overcrowded; pollution; food safety C : You live in China for a long time . Can you tell me what do you think about China? T : Well, china , in my opinion ,has many positive sides but also have many negative sides. C : OK, can you tell me some advantages about china? T : Chinese always are friendly and responsible . The goods in store are very cheap and there are many good places to travel. C : What about the negative sides ? T : Some roads in China are too busy , and it is always overcrowded when the car accdient happened. Apart from that pollution in china is more and more serious. And there still have some problem in food safety. 2. Topic: favourite movie stars Situation: Two friends are talking about their favourite movie stars. Cues: a big fan; Kong Fu movie; favourite character; movie series; acting; be skilled in; play the hero/ heroine
自考英语二考试试题及答案
自考英语二考试试题及答案
10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语(二) 试卷 (课程代码 00015) 本试卷共8页，满分l00分，考试时间l50分钟。 考生答题注意事项： 1．本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。答在试卷上无效，试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。2．第一部分为选择题。必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。3．第二部分为非选择题。必须注明大、小题号，使用0．5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。 4．合理安排答题空间，超出答题区域无效。 选择题区 第一部分：阅读判断(第1～l0题，每题l分，共10分) 下面的短文后列出了l0个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该旬提 供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择8；如果该旬的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 Black Friday Everyone likes to shop for gifts for the holiday season, but few people know
the history of holiday shopping. While people have heard of Black Friday; most do not know its origins. Black Friday is the day after Thanksgiving (感恩节).On this day most retail stores open their doors very early一some as early as 4 am. In addition, they provide their customers with great discounts on products. With this in mind, it is clear to see why so many shoppers buy many of their Christmas gifts on Black Friday. Black Friday is not as ok! as many people think. In fact, it is believed that the first Black. Friday was held in the 1970s in the USA. It was a day when stores decided to mark the start of the holiday season In order to draw more customers, they offered great discounts. All products sold very well. This large success resulted in the name Black Friday, it was so named because the stores were "in the black". This financial term means the stoics made a lot of money. However, it was not until around that Black Friday really started to gain in popularity. Today in the USA, countless advertisers proudly announce their Black Friday sales. They hope to attract shoppers into their stores. Black Friday is a day when many shoppers in the USA go out and buy gifts, even though Christmas Eve is still a more popular day to shop. Thanks to the Internet, it is now possible to get some excellent Black Friday deals online. So if you don't want to get to the stores by 4 am, this is the perfect way to still get items at reduced prices. 1.Many people know the history of Black Friday.? A. True B. False C. Not Given 2.Most stores open their doors for business very early on Black Friday. A. True B. False C. Not Given 3.Customers get better service on Black Friday. A. True B. False C. Not Given 4.Black Friday started in the USA. A. True B. False C. Not Given 5.The holiday season ends on Black Friday. A. True B. False C. Not Given 6."In the black" is a financial term. A. True B. False C. Not Given
留学生必备-常用的留学词语的中英文对照
留学生必备常用的留学词语的中英文对照 以下就是点课台教育为大家整理的美国留学必备中英词汇对照，希望对大家有所帮助！最后祝大家都能做到听懂对话，无障碍对话，最后祝大家早日说出一口流利的外语！ 【A】 Academic year：组成学年的单位，如：学期、学季等。 Academic advisor：由学校中的教授或职员担任，是学生学业问题的顾问。 … Accreditation：资格认可。申请学校时应特别注意所申请的学校是否被有关机关认可。 Admission：入学许可。 Advanced placement：申请美国大学时，可经由考试或转学分(transfer credit)而直接进入大一、大二、大三或大四。 Advanced standing：同Advanced placement。 Associate deGREe：副学士学位。为高中毕业后所上的两年制社区大学(Community College)或两年制学院(Two-year College)所发给的学位。 ； Audit：旁听。没有学分、考试，但要求费用与正式生相同。 【B】 Bachelor’s degree：学士学位。由四年制大学毕业所取得的学位。 Baccalaureate degree：学士学位。由四年制大学毕业所取得的学位。 Bursar：学校之财务及会计部门。 ： Bulletin：布告、公告。通常学校课程介绍目录也叫bulletin。 【C】 Campus：校园，校区 Candidate notification date：学校公布其对学生申请结果决定的日期。
Candidate reply date：回函期限。大部分学校会指定的一个日期，此日之前学生必须通知学校是否要入学。 $ College catalog：学校介绍目录。 Community college：两年制的社区大学。 Competitiveness：学校的竞争性；越有竞争性的学校申请的困难度越高。 Conditional Admission：即条件式入学;有些学校会给条件不合（通常是英文能力未达标准）的学生条件式许可，待其修完所需之课程始可正式开始修学位。 Cooperative Education Plan：建教合作计划了；学生可一边上学一边从事相关工作，或是课程、工作轮流，或是课程、工作同时进行。一般这类计划要花五年取得学士学位。然因移民局之规定，所以外国学生较少有这类机会。 ， Core Course：是取得大学学位之必修通识科目，只有少数学校无此要求。通常必修科目分三大类：自然、社会、和人文科学，在毕业前每大类需修满一定的学分数，一般多半在大一或大二修这类的课程。 Credit或Credit Hour或unit：学分。 Curriculum vitae或vitae或CV：将自己的学历、研究经验、专业经验等总合起来以有结构的方式呈现出来，和履历表类似。此表等于学术界使用的履历表。 【D】 Dean：学院院长。 、 Degree：学位。 Deferred Admission：延迟入学：准许学生在被接受后延迟一定时间入学，例如延后一年。 Dissertation：论文，一般指博士论文。 Distribution Requirement：同Core Course。 Doctorate或Doctoral Degree：博士学位。 @ Dormitories或Dorm：宿舍。