最新高考英语必考的13个语法考点总结归纳

最新高考英语必考的13个语法考点总结归纳
最新高考英语必考的13个语法考点总结归纳

最新高考英语必考的13个语法考点总结归纳

高中英语离不开语法的学习,无论是英语口语还是英语写作,联系各个词汇之间的就是英语语法。整理了高考必考的13个英语语法考点,供参考 ...

1、as 句型

(1) as引导方式状语从句句型:“按照……;正如……”例:As(it is)in your country, we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south.

正如(像) 你们国家一样,我们北方种植小麦,南方种植水稻。

(2) as+形容词/副词原级+(a /an)+名词+as ;

否定式:not as/so --- as

例:He is as good a player as his sister.

他和他姐姐一样是位优秀的运动员。

(3) such + n. + as to do 如此……以致于……

例:She is such a fool as to believe what he said.

她是一个如此的一个笨蛋以致相信了他所说的话。

(4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此……以致于……例:He was so strong as to carry the heavy box.

他是如此的强壮以致于能提起那重箱子。

(5) such...as... 象……之类的…… (接名词或定语从句) 例:He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was.

他希望成为一个像雷锋这样的人。

(6) the same +名词+as 和……一样的…… (接名词或定语从句)

例:He is not the same man as he used to be.

他不是从前的那样子了。

(7) as 引导非限制性定语从句

例:As is known to us, knowledge is power.

众所周知,知识就是力量。

(8)引导时间状语从句,与while意义相近

例:We get wiser as we get older.

随着我们长大,我们也变得越来越聪明。

(9) 引导原因状语从句,与 because的用法相近

例:As it was getting very late, we soon turned back. 因为越来越迟了,所以我们不久就回来了。

(10) 引导让步状语从句

例:Child as he is, he knows much about science.

尽管他是一个小孩,但他对科学了解得很多。

2、prefer 句型

(1) prefer to do sth

例:I prefer to stay at home.

我宁愿呆在家里。

(2) prefer doing sth

例:I prefer playing in defence.

我喜欢打防守。

(3) prefer sb to do sth

例:Would you prefer me to stay?

你愿意我留下来吗?

(4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth ……

宁愿…...而不愿...

例句:I prefer to stay at home rather than go out. 我宁愿呆在家里而不愿出去.

(5) prefer doing sth to doing sth

例:I prefer watching football to playing it.

我喜欢看篮球,不喜欢打篮球。

(6) prefer sth to sth

例:I prefer tea to coffee.

我要茶不要咖啡。

3、when 句型

(1) be doing sth...when...

例:He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.

他正笑着的时候门突然开了,他妻子走了进来。

(2) be about to do sth ... when ...

例:We were about to start when it began to rain.

我们刚要出发,天就开始下雨了。

(3) had just done ... when ...

例:I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang.

在劳累了一天之后我刚刚就寝,电话铃就响了。

4、seem 句型

(1) It +seems + that从句

例:It seemed that everyone was satisfied.

看来好像每个人都很满意。

(2) It seems to sb that ...

例:It seems to me that she is right.

我看她是对的,

(3) There seems to be ...

例:There seems to be a heavy rain.

看上去要有一场大雨。

(4) It seems as if ...

例:It seemed that she couldn't come to class.

看样子她不能来上课了。

5、表示“相差……;增加了……;增加到……”句型

(1) She is taller than I by three inches.

她比我高三英寸

(2) There is one year between us.

我们之间相差一岁。

(3) She is three years old than I.

她比我大三岁。

(4) They have increased the price by 50%.

他们把价格上涨了50%

(5) His salary has rised to 10,000 yuan per month. 他的工资已经涨到了每月10,000元。

6、what 引导的名词性从句

(1) what 引导主语从句

例:What surprised me is that everybody seemed to be very indifferent to her.

让我吃惊的是每个人似乎对她都很冷淡。

[ indifferent adj.不关心的;冷漠的]

(2) what 引导宾语从句

例:We can learn what we do not know.

我们能学会我们不懂的东西。

(3) what 引导表语从句

例:That is what I want.

那正是我所要的。

(4) what 引导同位语从句

例:I have no idea what they are talking about.

我不知道他们正在谈论什么。

7、too句型

(1) too ... to do ...

例:Politics is too important to be left to the politicians.(=Politics is so important that it can't be left to the politicians.)

政治太重要了,不能由政治家来决定。

(2) only too ... to do ...

例:I shall be only too pleased to get home.

我要回到家里就非常高兴。

(3) too + adj + for sth

例:These shoes are much too small for me.

我穿这双鞋太小了。

(4) too + adj + a + n.

例:This is too difficult a text for me.

这篇课文对我来说太难了。

(5) can't … too +形容词无论……也不为过

例:We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.

我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。

8、where 句型

(1) where 引导的定语从句

例:This is the house where he lived last year. 这就是他去年住过的房子。

(2) where 引导的状语从句

例:Where there is a will,there is a way.

有志者事竟成。

He left his key where he could find.

他将钥匙放在易找到的地方。

I will go where I want to go.

我要去我想去的地方。

(3) where 引导的表语从句

例:This is where you are wrong.

这正是你错的地方。

9、wish 句型

(1) wish that sb did sth 希望某人现在做某事

例:I wish I were as strong as you.

我希望和你一样强壮。

(2) wish that sb had done sth 希望某人过去做某事例: I wish you had told me earlier

要是你早点告诉我就好了。

(3) wish that sb would/could do sth 希望某人将来做某事

例:I wish you would succeed this time.

我希望你这次会成功。

11、 before 句型

(1) would rather do sth than do sth 宁愿做……而不愿做……

例:She would rather die than turn against his motherland.

她宁可死也不去背叛祖国。

(2) would rather have done sth 宁愿过去做过某事

例:I would rather have taken his advice.

我宁愿过去接受他的意见。

(3) would rather sb had done sth 宁愿某人过去做过某事

例:I would rather I had passed the examination last week.

我真希望通过上星期的考试。

(4) would rather sb did sth 宁愿某人现在或将来做某事例: Who would you rather went with you?

你宁愿谁和你一起去?

(1) before sb can/ could … 某人还没来得及……

例:Before I could get in a word ,he had measured me. 我还没来得及插话,他就给我量好了尺寸。

(2) It will be +时间+ before + 还有多长时间……

例:It will be 4 years before he graduates.

他还有四年时间变毕业了。

(3) had done some time before (才……)

例:We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.

我们航行了四天四夜才见到陆地。

(4) had not done ... before ... 不到……就……

例:We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.

我们还没走到一英里路就觉得累了。

(5) It was not +一段时间+ before 不多久就……

例:It wasn’t two years before he left the country.还没到两年他们离开了那国家。

13、用于表示过去未实现的希望和计划的句型

(1) It is /was +被强调部分+that(who)...

例:It was I who wrote to my uncle yesterday.

是我昨天给我叔叔写信的。

(2) Is/was it + 被强调部分 + that (who) ...

例:Was it your brother that you met in the street? 在街上你遇见的是你兄弟吗?

(3) Where/who/what/how等特殊疑问词 + is/was it

that ...

例:How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow? 明天你究竟怎样去看望她?

(4) do/does/did +谓语动词 (强调谓语)

例:They do know the place well.

他们的确很熟悉那个地方。

(1)would like to/ would love to have done sth.

例:I would like to have written to you.

我本想给你写信的。

(2) was / were going to do sth.(用过去将来时态表示原打算做什么)

例:Lucy was going to watch a basketball match.

Lucy 原打算看一场篮球比赛。

高考英语语法重点归纳重点

一.非谓语动词

一)不定式的常考形式:

1) 一般形式:He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others.

被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do.

语法功能:表示与谓语动词同步发生

2) 完成形式:He pretended not to have seen me.

被动形式:The book is said to have been translated into many languages.

语法功能:表示发生在谓语动词之前

二)不定式常考的考点:

1)不定式做定语----将要发生

2)不定式做状语----目的

3)不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe.

三)不定式的省略

1)感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel

+ do 表示动作的完整性,真实性;

+ doing 表示动作的连续性,进行性

I saw him work in the garden yesterday.

昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实) I saw him working in the garden yesterday.

昨天我见他正在花园里干活。(强调"我见他正干活"这个动作)

" 感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词:The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable.

2) 使役动词 have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同

1)一样被动以后要还原to

I 'd like to have John do it.

I have my package weighed.

Paul doesn't have to be made to learn.

3) help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do

四)有些动词后只跟不定式如:

want,wish,hope,manage,promise,refuse,pretend,plan, offer,decide,agree,expect allow sb to do, cause sb to do , permit sb to do, enable sb to do

force sb to do. be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be able to do

be ambitious to do. begin to do . start to do

We agreed _______ here,but so far she hasn't turned up yet.(NMET

1995)

A.having met B.meeting C.to meet D.to have met (Key:C)

五) 有的时候to后面要接-ing形式

accustom (oneself) to; be accustomed to; face up to; in addition to; look forward to; object to; be reduced to; resign oneself to; be resigned to; resort to; sink to; be used to; be alternative to; be close/closeness to; be dedication/dedicated to; be opposition/opposed to; be similarity/similar to.

二. 动名词:具有动作性特征的名词

1)是名词 seeing is believing

2)具有动词性特征可以带宾语 starving troops is necessary.

一)动名词的形式:

一般形式:I don't like you smoking.

完成形式:I regret not having taken your advice.

被动形式:This question is far from being settled.

二) 动名词常考的点

1)动名词做主语谓语动词为单数

2)在动名词和不定式中,做为介词的宾语是动名词

3)动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词,通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语.

I would appreciate_______ back this afternoon.(MET 1992)

A.you to call B.you call C.you calling D.you're calling (Key:C your calling 也对)

I regret not having taken your advice.

4)有些词后只能接动名词

admit; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny; detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; can't help; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent; recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand...

另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用说法:

it's no good; it's no/little/hardly any/ use; it's not/hardly/scarcely use; it's worthwhile; spend money/time; there's no; there's no point in; there's nothing worse than; what's the use/point...

三、一致关系

一)主谓一致

1.主谓一致(与插入语无关)

1主谓的分隔原则:主谓之间可以用定语从句或者省略的定语从句分隔。

2定语从句中的主谓一致:

3随前一致:

n. + together with n2

as well as

including

along with

with / of

accompanied with / by

4就近原则:n1 or n2 +v(就近原则)

either n1 or n2

5可数n1 and 可数n2+v(pl)

不可数n1 and 不可数n2+v(pl)

例外:war and peace is… war and peace是一个整体

但是如果主语表示的是同一个概念,同一人,同一事的时候,谓语动词用单数,这种结构的特征是and连接的两个词只有一个冠词。

The iron and steel industry is very important to our country.

The head master and mathematical teacher is coming. The head master and the mathematical teacher are coming.

类似的还有:law and order bread and

butter black and white

To love and to be loved is …

A lawyer and a teacher are…

A lawyer and teacher is …

6随后原则:not A but B / not only A but also B+v.(与B一致)

7百分比结构:most , half , rest , some , majority , one+persent

of+n1+v.(由n1决定

8倒装结构的主谓一致:

a)There be +n 由名词决定动词

名词 高考英语语法重点归纳

一、名词 【知识精讲】 名词是表示人,事物,地点或抽象概念的名称的词。 一、名词的数 在熟悉可数名词单数变复数规则的基础上,突出以下几点: 1. 以s结尾,仍为单数的名词(多为学科名词),如: physics, linguistics, mathematics, politics, statistics, news , the United States 2. 抽象名词表示具体或特定的事例时也可作可数名词,单数前面应有不定冠词。如:(1) pleasure, surprise, help, success, failure, danger, difficulty, wonder等意为“...的人/ 物”。如:The meeting is a success. (2) worry, honor, disaster, rain, snow, fog, wind, gas, fire, crop, coffee, tea, food等不可数名词,指“一种”、“一场”及“多种”、“多场”时,可以有其单、复数形式。如:There have been strong winds over the last two months. (3) a need, a discovery, a love, a good time, a collection of, a knowledge of, a history of, a population of, an area of, an understanding of等已形成固定形式。如:He has a good practical

knowledge of computer science. 3. 表示一类事物的总称的名词,不能加-s ,如: machinery, furniture, equipment, technology, luggage, baggage, homework, evidence 4. 一些名词单数和复数形式表达不同的意思,如: chicken鸡肉/ chickens小鸡; fish鱼肉/ fishes( fish )各种鱼; paper纸/ papers试卷; water水/ waters水域,room空间/ rooms房间 5. 只有复数形式的名词,如: glasses (眼镜),trousers, clothes,scissors等,注意加单位名词的用法:a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers 6. 一些名词形式上虽是单数,但表示的是复数含义,如: people , police, cattle, staff, public, the +adj., the + 分词;(表示一类人) 7. 以复数形式出现,表达复数含义,如: belongings, surroundings, earnings, savings, shoes, socks, goods, thanks, congratulations, funds, pains, arms, troops 8. 集合名词看成一个整体时,谓语用单数,若侧重各个成员,则用复数,如:audience,class,couple,crowd,family,group,government,public ●The average family is a great deal smaller than it used to be. ●My family are going with me. 9. 单复数同形的名词,如: fish, deer, sheep, youth, Chinese, Japanese, means, species, crossroads, series, works, li(里), yuan (元), mu(亩)等 ●How many deer are there in Dafeng now?

高考英语语法必考知识点

名词性从句 区别什么从句应看主句,主句不完整时从句肯定是名词性从句。主句完整时,从句可能是定语从句,状语从句,或者同位语从句。 需要用什么引导词看从句。名词性从句中缺什么意思用什么意思的引导词; 缺名词性成 份时,指人用指物用不缺意思和成份时用That只有在宾语从句中可以省略。 引导主、宾、表语从句时,what要充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分,that不作任何成分,只在语法上起连接的作用。 ◆____we can’t get∧seems better than ____ we have∧. A. What; what B. what; that C. That; that D. That; what 本句包含一个主语从句和一个宾语从句,且两个从句都缺乏宾语,可见两个引导词都必须充当成分,所以答案是A。 ◆____ ∧caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where 该题答案是A,what在主语从句中作主语,即作谓语动词caused的执行者。在下面的例句中,that不充当任何成份,只起语法连接作用(因为句子本身不缺成分): 〖2011江西卷〗The villagers have already known we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge. A.this B.that C.what D.which 考察宾语从句和主语从句。村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥,后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物,所以选择what。答案:C 〖2011四川卷〗Our teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if we want to succeed. A. why B. how C. what D. which in介词后面接宾语从句,且从句中缺do的宾语,故选C项。why、how在句中作状语;which在名词性从句中作定语。选C. 〖2011陕西卷〗I’d like to start my own business –that’s I’d do if I had the money. A.why B.when C.which D.what 所填词引导的从句位于系动词之后,是表语从句,所填词在从句中做宾语,指物,用what,选D。其余选项与题意不符。 〖2011北京卷〗Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom 考察名词性从句中的主语从句。主语从句中缺少offer的宾语,选择what。

高考英语语法知识点总结

专题一定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略) who 指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语 as 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which 或of which+the+名词 2、as 的用法 (1)常用于下列结构:such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意:the same…as 表示同一类,不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个 (2)as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。 Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。 注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 C、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。 3、but用作关系代词,相当于who/that…not 例:In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng. 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 5、当先行词是数词时. 6、当先行词既指人又指物时。 7、如有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个关系代词则宜用that。 8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。 9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that。 10、先行词为what,关系代词用that。

高考英语语法填空题考点分析与解题技巧精选

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02 独立主格的七种形式 除了常见的现在分词、过去分词能充当独立主格结构以外,还有其他一些短语结构可以用作独立主格,主要包括以下形式: 名词/代词+doing Weather permitting, we will hold the sports meeting. 名词/代词+done All things considered, he finally chose to give up the competition. 名词/代词+to do Here are the first two books, the third one to be sent next Monday. 名词/代词+介词短语 Baby in arms, she stood there looking after the cows. 名词/代词+形容词短语 His face, pale with anger, he stood up and left. 名词/代词+副词短语

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定语从句及连词 as与which均可替代整个主句 在非限制性定语从句中,均可替代整个主句. 如从句在主句之后,两者皆可用;如从句在主句之前,用as。介词/逗号后, 永远不用that! 关系代词as的考查。关系代词as引导限制性定语从句时既可指人又可指物。它只能替 代由such,the same等修饰的先行词;as引导非限制性定语从句时,可放于句首,句中或 置于句尾,而which则只能置于主句之后。但如果定语从句为否定句或表示否定意义,使 用which。As引导的定性定语从句有"正如"之意,而which引导的没有。 〖2010全国Ⅰ〗As a child , Jack studied in a village school ,_____ is named after his grandfather. A. which B. where C. what D. that 空格设置在名词school后, 且school后有逗号, 此题考查非限定性定语从句。定语从句所 修饰的先行词是school, 它在定于从句中做主语, 因此使用关系代词, 选项中的关系代词只 有which和that, 由于是非限定性定语从句, 不能使用that, 因此选择A。 〖2010四川〗After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, turned out to be a wise decision. A. that B. which C. when D. where 此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句, which代替前边整个句子。句意为:―大学毕 业后, 我们休假一段时间去旅游, 这结果证明是一个明智的决定。‖ 〖2009山东〗Whenever I met her, _________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. A. who B. which C. when D. that 不论何时遇见她, 她总是用甜美的微笑和我打招呼,这是非常经常的事。考查非限制性定语从句, 从句_________ was fairly often插在主句中的时间状语从句后, 关系代词which可代替主句整个句子的意思并在从句中作主语。答案B。 〖2009辽宁〗They‘ve won their last three matches, ________I find a bit surprising A. that B. when C. what D. which 此处意思是―他们赢得了最后的三场比赛, 我觉得这确实有点让人意外‖, which代替上句―They‘ve won their last three matches‖做find的宾语, 选D。A项不能用于非限制性定语从句中, B, C此处没有他们的意思。

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高中英语语法填空常考 点精讲精练 集团档案编码:[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]

派生词部分 语法填空中有些单词变形侧重于考查构词法,主要是派生构成法。 派生法(derivation)是英语中重要的构词法,它借助在词干上加词缀的办法来构成新的单词。一个单词的基本部分称为词干(stem),加在词干前面的部分称为前缀(prefix),加在词干后面的部分成为后缀(suffix)。一般来说,前缀改变词义,后缀改变词性。如:在repayment(偿还)一词中,pay付钱,是词干;re-有“返还”之意,是前缀,改变词义;-ment是后缀,改变词性为名词。 英语中派生词很多。这里我们只能把常考的派生词按词缀进行归类练习,以提高我们掌握、识记单词的能力。把课本生词表中的生词记牢才是备考的上策。 第 1 讲常见前缀 1.This may sound ____ (convenient), but English people are used to doing so. 2.Meanwhile, the editor was getting ____(patience), for the magazine would soon go to press. 3.If they stay in a museum too long, a feeling of boredom will build up, leading eventually to ____(patience) and fatigue. 4.My motto also makes me become an ____ (depend) person. 5.Faridabad is very poor and most people don’t have air conditioners or even electric fans. Besides, electricity is often cut off____ (expect). 6.Something ____ (believe) happened on the plane. 7.Do not carry too much money or ____ (necessity) credit cards. 8.Although ____ (able) to publish at that time, he circulated(使传阅) three photocopied collections of his work. 9.The student or any other person, may come back to his work tired and ____ (interested). 10.People were ____ (familiar) with this product at the beginning, and made many guesses at how it was produced. 11.Staring out of the window, my mother complained about the ____ (responsible) and cruel person who left his dog with us. 第 2 讲常见名词后缀 1.To my____ (amaze), Life of France and Italy seemed more pleasant and relaxing than that of Toronto. 2.I love Jack a lot but we are getting into a lot of ____ (argue) about our wedding plans. 3.Similar____ (arrange)also exists in some British schools. 4.【2016全国Ⅱ】Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of______ (achieve). 5.【2016全国Ⅲ】Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the______ (develop) of chopsticks. 6.When you stand infront of the mirror, it will use the technology to make its own____(judge) of your body type. 7.In ____ (conclude), wise choices and full preparations are reliable measures to reach our goals. 8.I think it necessary for us to discuss this problem with our parents before we make a final ____ (decide).

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