雅思阅读技巧-绝对经典!

雅思阅读技巧-绝对经典!
雅思阅读技巧-绝对经典!

重点阅读背景(自然科学类):

?Environment (10/3)

Pollution/exhaust

1.世界3大污染是什么

2.造成污染的原因(人为因素)

3.污染对社会的影响

4.如何治理污染

IELTS 3: Test 4 Passage 1

?Climate Change

1. Global Warming (重复率极高/6)

原因/温室效应/气温变暖的影响/解决方法

IELTS 5: Test1 Passage3

The Truth about the Environment

An Inconvenient Truth-Al Gore

2.Harsh & Inuit (06/07/08)

IELTS 6: Test1 Passage3

Climate Change and the Inuit

?Endangered Species (出现率很高)

1.濒危物种出现的原因(人为):hunt/environmental pollution/deforest

2.国际组织的解决方法

WWF: World Wildlife Fund

IFAW: International Fund for Animal Welfare

WSPA: World Society for the Protection of Animals

?Energy

1.Traditional Energy

(natural gas/coal/petrol)

世界3大传统能源是什么/能源枯竭的原因/解决方法

2. Alternative Energy (solar power)

太阳能的工作原理

IELTS 7(herald): Test3 Passage2 Energy and Fuels

?Tropical Rainforest

1.热带雨林的破坏与气候变化的关系

2.热带雨林的破坏与物种变化的关系(habitat)

?Volcano

1.Climate

Temperature

2.Prediction (考题/真题)

科学家如何预测火山爆发

IELTS 4 Test 3 Passage 2 Volcanoes-earth-shattering news

surprising or shocking and very important 重点阅读背景(社会科学类):

?Child

1.Bullying (School Bully)

School Bully的严重性:

被欺负的人----------depression----------suicide

欺负人的人----------violent----------youth crime----------social offense 解决方法:生活老师加强对Bully的控制

IELTS 6: Test4 Passage3

2.Maternal Care

mother literacy----------mental/physical development of child

literacy, literate, illiterate

IELTS 6: Test4 Passage2:Do literate women make better mothers?

3.Early Education

Australian & New Zealand

IELTS 5: Test3 Passage1:Early Childhood Education

?Medical

1.Medical System

Australian & New Zealand

2.Doctoring Bribe

07 New

IELTS 6: Test4 Passage1: Doctoring Sales

3.New Medicine

IELTS 6: Test3 Passage3: The Search for the Anti-aging Pill

?Behavior

实验报告:实验名称/过程/结果出题点在文章后半部

1.Physical Behavior (animal)

Cats(2008/1); Monkey(2008/6); Rat (2009/2)

IELTS 4 Test 1 Passage2 What Do Whales Feel?

IELTS 4 Test 2 Passage3 Play is a Serious Business

2. Mental Behavior (human)

Aggression

IELTS 3 Test 3 Passage 3 Highs and Lows

IELTS 4 Test 1 Passage 3 Visual Symbols and the Blind

?History

1.Film

IELTS 6 Test 3 Passage 1 & IELTS 4 G Test A Section 3

2.Motor Vehicle

对社会的影响----------不好: 尾气污染/道路拥挤(congestion)/

能源浪费 (depletion of oil resources)

----------好:方便快捷

IELTS 2 Test 3 Passage 2 The Motor Car

3. Materials

科普类/plastics/toughened glasses

IELTS 5 Test 2 Passage 1 Bakelite

IELTS 5 Test 4 Passage 2 Flawed Beauty: the problem with toughened glass

IELTS 6 Test 2 Passage 3 Numeration

?Transportation

Transportation & International Trade

(ships/planes)

IELTS 6 Test 1 Passage 2 Delivering the Goods

?Language

1.语言消失

过程/后果及影响----------语言消失----------文化消失----------历史消失

IELTS 4 Test 2 Passage 1 Lost for Words

2.翻译学 (3)

translation/interpretation/translator/interpreter/

simultaneous interpretation

?Aging

1.Aging and Economics

2.Aging and Medical System

?Sports & Hi-Tech

IELTS 6 Test 1 Passage 1 Australia’s Sporting Success

应对阅读考试四大技能:

技能1:快速阅读

?雅思不是阅读理解,而是阅读做题

?有目的地阅读

目的=key words

?Skim(扫读)+Scan(寻读)

?定位

?大量泛读----------质的飞跃

技能2:词汇记忆:

猜词:

?通过上下文猜词

e.g.

If you could work 12 hours a day without a rest, and if you were able to do sports for hours without seeming to get tired, then you are indefatigable. indefatigable adj. 不知疲倦的

?词缀+单词熟悉部分

e.g. unfriendly

endangered

realism

shorten

?下定义猜词

e.g.

Meningococcal disease is a terrible illness, which affects the membrane in your brain and can kill you if left untreated.

?通过例子猜单词

e.g.

The doctor recommends that you eat as much protein and fat as you want to, but you

should avoid carbohydrates, such as bread and rice.

?利用连词猜单词

e.g.

The new law supersede s or replaces the law that was in effect last year.

?通过特殊标点符号猜词

e.g.

Yo-yo dieting (losing weight and putting it back on) is really bad for you.

?常识或相关背景知识猜词

e.g.

When a doctor performs an operation on a patient, he usually givens an anaesthetic to make him unconscious, because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him.

技能3:语法突破:

?并列关系:

in addition / and / similarly / likewise / as well as / besides / furthermore / also / moreover / and then /too/not only…but also / besides this/ besides that / Additionally / what’s more

?顺序关系:

firstly / initially / to begin with / at the beginning /then / next / later/earlier / after this / after that / following this/ following that / afterwards / in the end / finally / at last

?因果关系:

as a result / thus / so / therefore / hence / it follows that/thereby /eventually / in that case /since / as / cause /owing to / the reason why / leads to / because (of)

?因A果B:

A account for / be responsible for B

bring about / engender / give rise to

induce / mean / trigger

B according to / due to / lie in A

be ascribed to / be attributed to

be based on / be guided by

depend / rely on

evolve from / come from

in the sense of / through

?转折关系:

However / on the other hand / despite / in spite of / though / although / but / on the contrary / otherwise / yet / instead of / rather / whereas / while / nonetheless/nevertheless / even though / compared with / in contrast/alternatively

?条件关系:

If / unless / whether / provided that / for / so that / whether / depending on

?下定义:

be / refers to / mean / that is / in other words

?下结论:

in conclusion / in summary / lastly / finally / to sum up /to conclude / to recapitulate / in short

?举例子:

for example / for instance / one example is…/ such as /like…/ namely

技能4:强化技能

?阅读考试9种题型解题技巧

?自身的英语水平

Skim四部曲:

?读题目&划目标点

?带目标点泛读全文并定位

?一旦定位就是答案

?定位后还没有答案,尽可能先不做

?精读剩余定位点并解决剩下的问题

?填答案:边答边填

实在不能解决的问题,先放下,赶紧

MOVE ON!

目标点:

?总原则:

专有名词/数字

?分类:

1.既有专有名词又有数字

2.只有专有名词或数字(2小类)

3.既没有专有名词也没有数字

?注意:

核心词----------核心句子

? e.g.

The scientific study has shown that eating fewer calories can extend human life.

九种题型解题技巧:

一.Information Containing(信息包含)

特点:

1.泛读型题型

2.一般是文章后的第一大题

3.题型内部绝对乱序

4.题目多数由名词或名词词组构成

5.该题型一般为1对1题型,但有可能出现重复答案(注意看是否有NB)

解题步骤:

?浏览信息,划关键词(KW)

?通读文章各段,寻找KW的对应词,对应词多数为KW的同义词

?比较信息,选择答案

?如果一再比较未能选出,可用排除法;如果排除法仍选不出答案,赶紧MOVE ON!补充说明:

?全文应以段落进行处理

?文章主题词一般不要标为KW

?KW一般为:

?首尾段对应词

?特殊词

?例子词

description / example

对应一个举例子的段落

?一般有1-2题答案方向涉及到文章的首段及尾段

?涉及到首段的提示词≈LH特殊词

overview /past/introduction/initiation/

orientation/main idea/view/concept/

definition/cause/demonstration/

essence/explanation…+topic

?涉及到尾段的提示词≈LH特殊词

future / in the future / solution /

conclusion / suggest or suggestion /

Summary/prediction/effect…+topic

?特殊词帮助定位:

?含有rate / ratio / proportion / percentage等词的信息往往对应%较多的段落?含有number / figure / amount statistical / demographics等词的信息往往对应数字集中的段落

?含有financial / business / income / revenue / salary / wage / commercial 等词的信息往往对应¥$符号多的段落

?含有time/ period等词的信息往往对应时间较多的段落

?通常有1题会涉及到段落高频词(名词/名词短语/形容词)

?有时有1题会涉及到段落中的数字或数据

?通常有1-2题答案方向会涉及到段落主题句(首尾句)

?有时会有个别题答案方向会涉及到段落的细节点(原文中的特殊符号是解题的关键)

?“” / ‘’ / 段落首尾句附近的——或: /

小括号(不能是人名/书名/年代/数字

并且在3-4词以内)

二.Matching (配对)

?特点:

1.泛读题型

2.题型内部多数为乱序

3.大多数情况下,每题只对应1个选项;有些情况下,有些选项可能会使用2次或2

次以上;在个别情况下,某些选项在答案中用不上

?分类:

1.直接对应型:事物+特点

公司+发明

事物+所处年代

2.解释说明型:人物+理论

原因+结果

概念+定义

直接对应型题目解题步骤:

?用事物回文章中定位并且标注,可以把首字母缩写在事物边

?扫描几个特点,分析特点与特点之间的相互关联及区别,划出KW

?带着KW回文章定位处寻找对应词,对应词通常是KW的同意词

?注意事项:

1.一定要回文章寻找对应关系,切忌表面肤浅联系

2.每个特点最大选择次数是3次

?KW很有可能是:

?数字

?以大写/斜体/括号和引号等形式出现的概念

?百分比

意义解释型题目解题步骤:

?人物+理论:

1.回原文中定位人名,顺带看下人物身份

2.细读理论,分析句子结构,弄清句子的重点,划出KW

3.回文中人名定位处,带着KW扫描人名后的句子(引言或宾语从句),寻找KW的对应

?注意事项:

人名+理论题的答案方向一般在由固定动词所引导的宾语从句中.

?固定动词:

suppose / believe / argue / note /suggest/say or said / find or find out / comment / agree / observe / state / notice / allege / imply/ conclude / surmise / hold / appear to / point out / remark / discover / propose

?原因+结果

文章中应加以注意的因果关系连词:

因:due to / thanks to / be attributed to/owing to / because / because of / on account of / since / result from

果:lead (up) to / give rise to / result in/as a result / consequently / hence /thus / in effect / therefore

三.Summary (摘要题)

?特点及分类:

?泛读型题型

?全文摘要(Summary + WB)

部分段落摘要(ONLY Summary)

?一般每月考2-3次,一次通常考1组,1组5题左右

全文摘要的解题步骤(S+WB):

?一般原文可略去不看

?仔细研究WB,重点关注每个单词的后缀,标注它们的词性及相关可能的汉语意思

?仔细研究Summary小段落,按照基础语法分析出每个空格处的词性,并予以标注

?把WB单词按词性合并同类项,并分别列于相同词性的小括号旁

?按照传统完型填空去解题(上下文是关键)

?填空完毕后再次通读Summary,看整段内容是否通顺并进行微调

?注意事项(S+WB):

?大题内部各小题间有顺序并且在原文中重现

?观察WB中是否包含有同根异性词,其中之一为答案

a.拥有相同词根不同词缀的词

b.反义词

?重点关注题目要求,确定在答题卡上是写单词本身还是写单词所对应的字母

?名词判断依据:

前面是否有冠词/形容词/介词

是否有复数标志/所有格标志

词缀

?动词判断依据:

前面是否有助动词

后面是否有名词

是否有第三人称单数标志/过去时标志

词缀

形容词及副词词缀:

?-able可…的 -ible…的 -ile…的 -ous…的 -ic..的 -ical…的 -ive…的

-some像…的 -like像…的 -ly像…地–ish…的 -ary…的 -ory…的–fic…的

名词词缀:

?-ism主义,语言 -ation行为,情况–ure行为

-tion行为,情况 -ment行为,物,机构

-acy性质,状态 -itude情况,性质–ry行为

-hood时期,情况–ship情况,关系

-ness性质,情况–age总称,费用,行为

-ity情况,性质 -ance情况,状态–ence性质

-er人,物 -ar人,物 -ary场所,人物–or人,物

-ent人,物 -ant人,物 -ist人 -ian人,语言

动词词缀:

?-en做,使 -ate做,使 -ize…化,使变成 -fy…化,做

部分段落摘要的解题步骤(S):

?仔细读题目要求,看是否给出Summary在原文中的对应出处

?如果题目中没有给出Summary的对应出处,应重点去研读Summary段落的首句及尾

句,尝试找出它们在原文中的出处,通常对应原文某段落的首句或尾句

?仔细研究Summary小段落,按照基础语法分析每个空格的词性并予以标注(空前空后

词-Nutcracker帮助分析)

?重点研读每个小空格之前之后的词(Nutcracker),并到原文相关段落中寻找它们的

对应词

?重点研读对应词所在的原文句子,并在其中寻找与空格词性相同的词,该词即为答

?填空完毕后再次通读Summary,看整体意思是否通顺,并进行微调

?补充说明(S):

关于Nutcracker:

?人名/数字/时间/百分比/地点/专有名词/金钱符号/特殊印刷体及标点符号为最好的Nutcracker

?Most引导的最高级一般不会变化

?状语一般不会变化

?动词一般不会变化

?主动语态一般会和被动语态互换

?注意事项:

?顺序性原则是解题的关键

?对于某些不好定位的空,可以使用隔句原则解题

?要注意题目要求中所限定的答案字数

?答案只能是原文中连续出现的几个字,不能改变他们的次序

?要重点关注相关段落的首尾句及转折连词后的句子

?对于该题型每次考试中至少有1个空应该填写比较生僻的词

?有时对于个别空可以轻微或适当改变答案(主动被动互相转换/名词单复数/动词原形及动词第三人称单数之间转换)

四.True/False/Not Given(判断题)

?特点:

1.T/F/NG题重点考查事实

2.Y/N/NG题重点考查观点

3.各小题间有顺序

4.一段一个按顺序

5.每题都有对应点

?解题三大原则:

1.不逐字翻译=不死抠字眼

2.不钻牛角尖

3.不用过于专业的背景知识

解题步骤:

?大致扫描T/F/NG题的数量,初步了解题目难度系数,并注意标注出那些带有时间/

数字/大写字母的题(定位向导)

?从刚才标注的题下手,确定其在文章中的位置,然后定位其他题

?细读题目,可划关键词,准确翻译,并且与文章中对应的语句进行比较,判断解题关于True:

?题目和原文在含义,用词,结构上均一致;题目的核心与原文相关处的核心成AA

重现

?题目的核心是针对原文相关处的核心内容的同义表达;两者间通常使用同义词,同

义结构及双重否定结构(题目与原文核心AB重现)

?*题目的核心内容是根据原文中数句话的精神推断或归纳而成.当发现题目中没有人

名/地名/时间/数字/年代/

黑体或斜体/专有名词等定位工具时,该题首选True

?可能性词=True

possible/probable/likely/may /might/maybe/

seemingly/somewhat /apparently/presumably/

seem to/appear to/tend towards/lean towards/

not all/not always/not necessarily/ chances or

odds are that/ would/could/can/be likely to/

almost/ a degree of/occasionally

关于False:

?题目中的内容与原文相关处有明显或不明显的矛盾(反义词/否定含义)

?*当题目中包含有绝对词含义时,答案为False.

①形容词/副词最高级:best

②否定词:no/not/nothing/none/never/no longer/not any more/by no means…

③单一词:only/single one/unique/sole/ only

one/ solely/ single / merely / barely / exclusively

④其他:all/always/any/must/unarguably/

impossible/absolutely/definitely/invariably

irrefutably/assuredly/indisputably/certainly

undeniably/inevitably/without question/

out of question

?*当题目中使用了与原文中完全不同的时态时,该题为False.

?*当题目中出现了表示不同范围/频率的副词时,该题为False.

?范围副词:none/few or little/ a few or a little or several/some/many or much or major or majority/ most or a lot of or a plenty of or a great of or lots of or a great number of or a great deal of/all/

?频率副词:usually or always/often/ sometimes/ seldom or hardly or ever or rarely/never

?当题目核心内容在原文相关处出现AA重现时,要重点浏览原文相关处附近的句子:

①原文相关处附近有比喻精神时,则题目与原文之间为False关系

②原文相关处附近没有比喻精神时,则题目与原文之间为True关系

?当题目核心内容在原文相关处出现AA重现时,要浏览原文相关处附近的句子:

①原文相关处附近有条件状语从句时,则题目与原文为False关系

②原文相关处附近没有条件状语从句时,则题目与原文为True关系

except for or but for/if/whether/with/

unless/if not/for可引导条件状语从句

?数字为KW时,答案一般为False,特别注意mainly及largely

e.g.

原文:Between 1968 and 1982, the CSIRO imported insects from about 50 different species of dung beetle, from Asia, Europe and Africa, aiming to match them to different climatic zones in Australia.

题目: Four thousand species of dung beetle were initially brought to Australia by the CSIRO.

?题目核心是专有名词,原文相关处也有专有名词,此题一般为FALSE.

?‘already’+完成时=FALSE

关于Not Given:

?题目中的某些核心内容在原文中没有提及;或题目中的核心内容没有在原文相关段

落中集中出现(平行线法则)

?** 原文和题目核心为单一概念时,

①题目中所涉及的范围小于原文所涉及的范围,答案为NG(原文大,题目小)

②题目中所涉及的范围大于原文所涉及的范围,答案为True(原文小,题目大)

**原文与题目核心为多个条件并存时:

①题目中所涉及的范围小于原文所涉及的范围,答案为True(原文大,题目小)

②题目中所涉及的范围大于原文所涉及的范围,答案为NG(原文小,题目大)

?*原文和题目之间一方为主观概念,一方为客观事实,主观客观没有可比性,有时间

就读原文,没时间就直接选Not Given

常见主观词:

love/hate/like or dislike/want/hope/

wish/believe/promise/aim/purpose/

swear/vow/pledge/resolve

?*当题目中有比较级,原文相关处也有比较级,题目与原文的比较内容及比较点均一

致时,答案为TRUE.

当题目中有比较级,原文相关处没有比较级,答案为Not Given.

金钱与外表相比较或男女差异的比较一定要注意.

补充说明:

?在实战考试中所有答案都会出现(建议先定F,再定NG,最后选T)

?答题卡上答案要写全称

?在实战考试中NG的概率最低(5个中最多有1个,7个中最多2个)

?要注意题目要求答什么,Y/N/NG还是T/F/NG

五.List of Headings(小标题题)

?特点:

1.泛读题型

2.出现在文章前部

3.选项都是主旨句

4.1:1 V.S. 2:1

5.该题型为乱序题型

?解题前:

1.去掉例子中已经用过的heading

2.注意试卷上可以做标记

3.答案直接写在答题纸上

?解题中

1.通读所有的Headings并划目标点或核心意思(Key Words)

2.扫描段落首尾句,寻找主题句.

划主题句的目标点或KW.

?返回Headings栏,寻找对应的Headings,注意原词重现/同义词替换/词性变化?如果没有,则再次返回浏览段落

?段落比较短,浏览全段

?段落比较长,则细读首尾二句,扫读其余句.

Key Words可能为:

与主题相关的:

?概念性名词=独特名词

?独特动词

?独特的形容词+副词

?主题句有可能是:

1.段落的首句或尾句:

P.S 如果首尾句是疑问句或都是描述性语句,要找到其后的论点句作为标题选择的重要依据

2.定义句型:

A is defined as…/ is known as…

A is …

A is called…

The definition of A

Namely / That is… / This is…

3.段落中的例子及其引导句

for example / for instance / such as/

like/ to illustrate / specifically

4.阅读整个段落把握中心思想

注意:

?转折连词:

yet, but ,however,nevertheless等

?顺承词:

first, second, next, then, in addition, moreover, furthermore, besides , not only…but also…等

?因果搭配:

result in, result from, derive from,stem from, thus等

?补充说明:

1.LH解题时首选首尾句,次为高频词/数字/时间/转折连词/专有名词

2.首尾句中出现了review/indicate/show/suggest/find or find out/ conclude,

则答案紧随其后

3.Twins选项必有一个是答案

(两个Headings形式相同或互成反义选项)

4.对应首段的标志:

definition / concept / essence /introduction / explanation / overview/conception / view / main idea / demonstration / orientation / cause/ initiation…+文章Topic

5.对应尾段的标志:

effect (affect) / conclusion / result /consequence / future / influence/ impact / prediction / perspective /outlook/prospect…+文章Topic

6.特殊词帮助定位:

?含有rate / ratio / proportion / percentage等词的Headings往往对应%较多的段落

?含有number / figure / amount statistical / demographics等词的Headings 往往对应数字集中的段落

?含有financial / business / income / revenue / salary / wage / sell/ dealing/ purchase/ commercial等词的Headings往往对应¥$符号多的段落?含有time/period等词的Headings往往对应时间集中的段落

常用连词补充:

?Sequence:

firstly / initially / to begin with / then / at the beginning / next / earlier /

later / after this / after that / following this / following that / afterwards / in the end / finally / at last

?Cause & Consequence:

as a result / thus / so / therefore / hence / it follows that / thereby / eventually / in that case / since / as / because or because of / owing to / the reason why / cause / lead to

六.Multiple Choice(选择题)

特点:

?传统题型;各小题间有顺序

?多选多题型较为简单:

?正确答案的数目是已知的

?答案通常在原文一个段落集中出现,找到其中一个答案方向,其余答案就在其前后不远处

?答案没有在某段集中出现时,其相关答案之前通常有重要的数字提示词:first/second/last/next/firstly/secondly/

finally/a little later

?四选一通常每月1次,1次考1组,每次3题左右

?多选多通常每2.5-3个月出现

解题步骤:

?读题目划关键词,尝试找出它与原文某段话的对应关系;如题目关键词难以定位,

被选项的关键词也可用来定位

?快速扫描原文相关段落的相关处,寻找与题目关键词的对应词,确定答案

技巧补充:

?四选一,如果四个被选项中有一个选项包含both…and…/all of the above,其做

为正确答案的可能性较大

?如果其中一个被选项包含科学性词时,该选项为正确答案可能性比较大

(could/might/may be/seem/properly)

?如果某选项与原文相关处看上去特别一致,该选项为正确答案可能性不大(偷换概

念)

?包含比较级的选项,90%不是答案

?Twins选项必有一个为正确答案

?包含‘change’一词的选项,很有可能为正确答案

七.Sentence Completion(完成句子 )

特点:

?各小题间有顺序且在原文中重现

?每个题目都是一个陈述句,但留有1或2个空,要求按原文填空

?绝大多数题目要求有答案字数限制

?少数题目无字数限制,但答案不会长,通常不超过四个单词

?题目中的关键词有时与原文中相对应的词对应不明显

?A类:通常每次必考,1次考1组,1组3题左右(G类为两次考1次)

解题步骤:

?读题目并划关键词

?利用空前空后的词推断空格中所要填的词的词性

?通过关键词回原文寻找包含关键词对应词的段落,甚至是句子

?快速阅读已经定位的地方,利用题目中的其他关键词来确定答案

注意事项:

?所填答案必须符合语法

e.g. IELTS 3 P22 Q22-24

?绝大多数答案为原文原词,并且为连续的几个词

?答案绝大多数为名词或名词短语,少数答案为形容词或副词短语

?注意并利用顺序性来解题

原文:

In addition to basic residence fees, most universities make minor additional fees, damage deposits, and power charges.

题目:

As well as the basic college residence fees, additional charges are usually made,

but are describes as__________________

Key: Minor

难:题目中的定位词和原文中的对应不明显.

八.Short Answers(简答题)

特点:

?该题型各小题间有顺序,并且此顺序通常在原文中重现

?题目为特殊问句,需根据原文回答

?绝大多数题目要求有答案字数限制

?如没有字数限制,答案不会很长,

一般不超过4个词

?通常答案为词或短语,极少数为句子

?一般为每次必考题,1次考1组,1组3道题左右

解题步骤:

?读题目,划关键词(年代/人名/地名/

数字/专有名词特别注意)并回原文寻找包含关键词对应词的段落

?快速阅读已经定位的段落,利用题目中其余词确定正确答案

补充说明:

?答案要对应题目中的特殊疑问词,绝大部分答案为名词或名词短语,少数答案为动

词或形容词短语

?答案不用大写,专有名词除外

?绝大部分答案为原文原词,极少数答案需自己填写

?原文:if your iron produces droplets of water instead of giving off steam,

your temperature control is set too low.

问题:What should you do if your iron starts to drip water?

Answer: set temperature high/higher; increase the temperature; turn up temperature

?答案涉及数字,最好写阿拉伯数字并且一般有简单的四则运算,通常为加减法

?答案涉及钱币的,数字前一定要有货币符号,数字后可能有单位

?原文中发现答案后,应向前和向后读1-2句,看有无重大改变(转折词)

?原文:Your iron is designed to function using tap water. However, it will

last longer, if you use of distilled water.

题目:What sort of water are you advised to use?

Answer: distilled water

?满足字数限制的方法:

保留核心词,去掉修饰词,如:

?冠词:a / an / the

?副词

?形容词或分词

?可将A of B改为BA (A&B为名词)

e.g type of fabric变为fabric type

?原文:…th e amount of steam being given off depending upon the type of fabric

being ironed.

题目:What factor makes you decide on the quantity of steam to use?

如果NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS?

九.Diagram/Flowchart/Table Completion(填图填表题)

特点:

?各小题间有顺序并在原文中重现

?题目由一个图表或表格组成,图表或表格中留有空格,需根据原文填空,一般没有选

项可供选择

?所填内容五花八门(时间,事件及人物/数字及排位/物体的构成及功能/流程图/抽象

名词)

?通常每次必考,一般5题左右

解题步骤:

?读题目划关键词(时间,数字尤为重要)

?回原文寻找关键词的对应词

?仔细阅读关键词所在的句子,确定正确答案

注意事项:

?题目要求中是否有答案字数限制

?绝大多数的答案为原文原词,并且是连续的几个词

?所填内容虽然总类较多,但通常比较容易定位或集中出现于原文中的某一段

?顺序性帮助解题

?不在于认识词,而在于认识关系

?此题型应快速答题

?并列关系≈类比关系

并列:

A and/or/as well as B

too, also,

one, the other

not…nor…

both A and B

either A or B

类比:

as…as…

the same…as…

like

similarly

?转折关系≈对比关系

转折:but, however, yet, on the other hand, whereas, nevertheless, although, while, despite…

对比:more… than….less…than…,in contrast with,by contrast, be opposed/opposite to…,At first glance…,A closer inspection…

?顺承关系: in addition, additionally, moreover,furthermore (而且),what is

more, besides, not only…but also…

?因果关系:

contribute to 导致,引起 be attributed to 被归因于 result in 导致 result from 由于(更多见原因+结果的Matching)

举例子:

for example, e.g. for instance, such as, namely…

练习:

?Table Completion

IETLS 4 P25 Q15-21

?Flow Chart

IETLS 5 P41 Q4-8

?Picture Naming

IELTS 5 P46 Q21-23

雅思阅读试卷 附完整参考答案

Section I Words A.Match the words with the same meaning.W rite down the letters on you answer sheet. (1(1’’*6) 1.epidermic 2.motivate 3.assume 4.appealing 5.controversy 6expertise A.skill or knowledge in a particular area B.dispute,argument C.attractive D.an outbreak of a contagious disease that spreads rapidly and widely E.to provide with an incentive;impel . F.to take for granted,suppose B.Fill in the blanks with proper forms of words given in the box,one word can be used more than once.(1(1’’*10) evolve prepare propose minimum peer through cheat weep address exploit except 1.Not surprisingly,his was not well received,even though it seemed to agree with the scientific information available at the time.. 2.The little girl with disappointment when she learned that her favourite Barbie Dolls were sold out. 3.The price is her,she refuses to lower it any further. 4.Apes,monkeys and many other primates have fairly elaborate systems of calls for communicating with other members of their species. 5.Some melodies are quite manipulative,working on our emotions very effectively,and composers have often this to the full. 6.I realized I’d been when I saw the painting on sale for half the price I paid for it. 7.To this problem,Counter Intelligence built a kitchen of its own and started making gagets to fill it with. 8.Most birds don’t have a good sense of smell,but fish-eaters such as petrels and shearwaters are significant. 9.Why bother a clear door,when you can put a camera in the oven to broadcast snapshots of the activities in the oven to a screen in another room? 10.Exploration will allow us to make suitable for dealing with any dangers that we might face,and we may be able to find physical resources such as minerals. SectionⅡ.Translation A.Translate the following sentences into English.(3(3’’*5) 1.Despite the hardship he encountered,Mark never (放弃对知识的追求) 2.由于缺乏对这种病的了解,许多人依然认为HIV受害者都是自作自受。(owing to; ignorance)

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①表示因果关系的词, 如because, as, since, for, due to, thanks to, as a result of等. 在考试中, 在因果关系中除了一些连接词的衔接外, 还有一些表示因果关系的大词, 如trigger, breed, induce, engender, generate, be responsible for, affect, determine等, 这些词在语义中隐含了因果关系. 所以也是考生在解题中值得注意的. ②表示转折关系的词, 如but, however, while, yet, instead, rather, whereas等 ③表示让步关系的词, 如despite, in spite of, although等 ④表示并列关系的词, 如and, both…and…, neither…nor等 ⑤表示举例关系的词, 如such as, for example等 观察有无这类词的目的在于为了回原文定位时, 能缩小寻找范围, 使定位更加准确. 在文章阅读中, 题目中的某些单词会进行同义转换而变得面目全非,但是句意不会变,语义关系不会变,这是最可靠的定位依据。从而逻辑关系词对于考生在解题中把握语义间的内在关系起了关键作用. 如剑桥4 Test 2 Passage 1 Lost for words 一篇中的summary 题中This great variety of languages came about largely as a result of geographical ___Q1______. But in today’s world, factors such as government initiatives and ____Q2_____ are contributing to a huge decrease in the number of languages. One factor which may help to ensure that some endangered languages do not die out completely is people’s increasing appreciation of their ____Q3_____.

雅思阅读技巧 知乎

General tips: 1. 先看题,再读文章(特别是看heading题)。相信我,平时训练就这么做,肯定来得及,答主两次考试时间都很充裕,还在玩笔头。 2. 读文章首段一定要读一下,其他的段落读首句,末句,必要时可以读第二句 3. But后面的永远比but前面的information重要(包括however,yet,while,in fact,on contrary,nevertheless等转折词) 4. 越短的段落越可能需要读全段,越长的段落越可能不需要读全段(首句没给的话第二句很重要,二句没有的话就看末句) 5. 时间分配每篇20分钟,若某篇文章超过20分钟还没搞定,果断放弃,进行下一篇,有失才有得 6. 文章没有标段落说明没有list of headings类型的题目。 7. 先做需要通读全文才能做得题目,这样能节省时间,免得重复阅读。比如,首先看有没有list headings,有就先做这类题。Matching里面的信息对段落题如果出现也是要先做的。再次就是summary需要全局阅读。再次就是Multiple choice。T/F/NG最后做。时间不够就只能使用技巧了。到30分钟的时候看看还剩下什么,然后决定是继续做还是先去做第3题。 然后下面是针对每种类型的的题目的一些技巧: T/F/NG tips: 1. 时间不够的话全true(对应的对于multiple choice全C法) 2. 对于出现every和only等比较绝对的词汇时很大可能是false 3. 注意T/F/NG和Y/N/NG的区别,填写答案注意是哪一种类别,另外,不要简写,不要写T,F,NG和Y,N,NG,要写全称,而且要全大写。这点很重要。 4. 题目肯定是按照段落的顺序设置的 5. 使用参照物的方法将题干在文章中定位(比如人名,地名,时间,百分比,大写字母) 6. 如何区分No和NG:明显抵触的才是No(比如,文中说部分保护,结论是全部保护,这就是冲突等),推不出来的就是NG(文中较抽象) 7. 这类题只可能对于细节题,不可能需要阅读全文信息才能做决定,所以定位以后就能做题,不需要读完全文 8. NG的形式:a,并不存在比较的基础,或者没有比较的意义。所以一旦出现比较,就可以选NG,特别是金钱,男女生的智商的比较等。b,隐形的比较,这些词比如similar,another,the same as, identical, next隐含比较意义,也可以选NG,还有比较级也是可以选NG的。另外,the latter也是可以选NG的。c,终极比较,比如形容词最高级很可能选NG 9. 7道题出现NG的数目最多为2道。True的数目为2-3. 10. True和false可以通过加not进行反转,但是NG不可反转,因此区分N和NG的一个方法是将原句子加上否定词not,回原文去找对应的话,如果找不到就是NG 11. 绝对==不对。题干中出现all时肯定选No,比如这个人赢得了所有的选票这种论断就可以选No。还有unique, only, none, always, never, every,impossible,immediate, invariably, inevitably等词也是可以选no的。

2014年雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析(2)

Next Year Marks the EU's 50th Anniversary of the Treaty A. After a period of introversion and stunned self-disbelief, continental European governments will recover their enthusiasm for pan-European institution-building in 2007. Whether the European public will welcome a return to what voters in two countries had rejected so short a time before is another matter. B. There are several reasons for Europe’s recovering self-confidence. For years European economies had been lagging dismally behind America (to say nothing of Asia), but in 2006 the large continental economies had one of their best years for a decade, briefly outstripping America in terms of growth. Since politics often reacts to economic change with a lag, 2006’s improvement in economic growth will have its impact in 2007, though the recovery may be ebbing by then. C. The coming year also marks a particular point in a political cycle so regular that it almost seems to amount to a natural law. Every four or five years,European countries take a large stride towards further integration by signing a new treaty: the Maastricht treaty in 1992, the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1997, the Treaty of Nice in 2001. And in 2005 they were supposed to ratify a European constitution,laying the ground for yet more integration—until the calm rhythm was rudely shattered by French and Dutch voters. But the political impetus to sign something every four or five years has only been interrupted, not immobilised, by this setback. D. In 2007 the European Union marks the 50th anniversary of another treaty —the Treaty of Rome, its founding charter. Government leaders have already agreed to celebrate it ceremoniously, restating their commitment to “ever closer union”and the basic ideals of European unity. By itself, and in normal circumstances,the EU’s 50th-birthday greeting to itself would be fairly meaningless, a routine expression of European good fellowship. But it does not take a Machiavelli to spot that once governments have signed the declaration (and it seems unlikely anyone would be so uncollegiate as to veto it) they will already be halfway towards committing themselves to a new treaty. All that will be necessary will be to incorporate the 50th-anniversary declaration into a new treaty containing a number of institutional

雅思阅读Heading题解题技巧

雅思阅读Heading题解题技巧 在雅思阅读考试中,Heading题以其耗时多,一错错多个的特点令很多考生望而却步。今年11月17日的雅思阅读考试中三篇文章有两篇都考到了这一题型,因此很多考生都反映这次的阅读不简单,光做heading题就花了很长时间。在这里,朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家和考生们一起分享一些做这种题型的方法技巧。 一、Heading题目特点 俗话说知己知彼,百战百胜,在攻破Heading题之前,先得对它进行详细的了解,做到知彼,才可采取适当的兵法。 1. 这种题型的最大特点同时也是区别于别的题型的特点是它的题目内容通常出现在文章的前面,这也是这种题型给广大烤鸭们的陷阱之一。因此,在这里提醒烤鸭们在考场上拿到试卷之后一定要先浏览一遍整体题型,有heading题目确保不要漏掉或者误做,防止在前一篇文章中找答案,结果花了很长时间都找不着答案。 2. 在List of Heading中所有给出的选项都是短语而不是句子,这些短语都是对文章某些段落的概括和归纳,通过对剑桥真题的分析,在这里跟考生们分享一些规律: a. 标题的形式为n.1+n.2, n.1 + of + n.2 或 n. and n.(n. 为名词) 如果是这种以名词为主的题目,要注意核心名词的单复数情况,复数预示篇章和段落信息的并列形式。比如:剑桥真题集五Test4的passage1 Question3, 标题:iii. Fragile regions and the reasons for the expansion, 当中的and预示section A的描述中应该涉及了并列的两个方面。regions的复数形式对应第一段中three types: deserts, mountains and Arctic areas 的并列形式。reasons的复数形式对应第二段第一句和第二句之间的and并列和三、四句间的also关系。所以,文章中并列结构的段落必然对应核心名词为并列结构的选项。

雅思阅读十四种考题形式解题技巧

雅思阅读十四种考题形式解题技巧 第一类:Matching(从属关系搭配题) 1.题型要求 Matching(搭配题)是IELTS 最常考的题型之一,每次考试至少有一组,很多时候达到两组甚至更多,应该引起同学们的重视。 搭配题通常有三部分组成:题目要求、选相的集合、题目的集合。要求你根据某种关系将题目与选项配对。这种关系在题目要求中说明。 搭配题通常不具有顺序性,也就是说,题目的顺序和原文的顺序是不一致的。所以做搭配题,通读一遍原文一般是不可避免的。大多数同学会感觉这种题型不太难,但比较烦。如果有足够的时间,肯定都能做出来。 这种题型就是考大家的快速阅读能力,即很快从文章中找到所需信息的能力。大家在做搭配题的练习时,不仅要保证准确率,还要注意时间。一般每个题目1-2分钟。例如一组6个题目的搭配题,应在8-10分钟做完。 搭配题本身有分为三种类型:从属关系搭配题、因果关系搭配题、作者及其观点搭配题。不同类型的搭配题有不同的解题方法,所以我分为三种题型分别介绍,希望这样会更清楚。本节主要介绍从属关系搭配题。从属关系搭配题是搭配题中最常靠的类型。选项中的元素和题目中的元素是从属的关系,要求根据原文,将每个题目与相应的选项搭配。请看下面中文阅读例子: 原文:介绍中国四个直辖市的情况。(略) 题目要求:将直辖市的特征与相应的城市搭配。 选项:A 北京市 B 上海市 C 天津市 D 重庆市 题目:1 狗不里包子 2 黄浦大桥 3 天安门 4 十八街麻花 答案:1 C 2 B 3 A 4 C 考试中,A类和G类一般都是每次必考,考两组,共十题左右。有时也考一或三组。 2.解题步骤 (1)仔细阅读题目要求,搞清选项和题目之间的关系。 虽然都是从属关系,但也有很大的不同。有的是汽车制造公司和它们的设计特点,有的是俱乐部和它们举办的活动等等。所以在做题前一定要仔细阅读题目要求,搞清选项和题目之间的关系。 (2)先把题目从头到尾看一遍,尽可能多记些关键词。 做这种题,通读一遍原文一般是不可避免的,但最好只读一遍原文。能做到这点的前提是:在读原文之前,先把题目从头到尾看一遍,记住尽可能多的题目中关键词。这样,在读文章时,就知道要找什么东东。例如,前面介绍的中文阅读文章,在做题前应看以下1-4题,知道要找:狗不里包子、黄浦大桥、天安门、十八街麻花。在读文章是,就特别注意这些词。这么做的主要原因是因为这种题型没有顺序性,如果只看第1题:狗不理包子,就阅读原文。狗不理包子的描述在原文任何位置都有可能,很有可能就在文章的结尾处。这样,你读完一遍文章,只做了一个第1题,做第2题时,你还需要从头再阅读原文,这样很浪费时间。 这一步是做这种题型的关键,否则,就会造成反复地读原文,浪费时间。 3.从头到尾快速阅读原文,遇到所记住的关键词或其对应词,当即解答该题。 从头到尾依顺序快速阅读原文,在阅读原文时,注意寻找所记住的题目中的关键词,如果关键词是专用名词或很生僻的词,一般在原文中出现的就是该词本身,否则会有同义词或同义表述的对应。

雅思阅读题型大全解题技巧

雅思阅读题型大全解题技巧 本解题技巧内容丰富,讲解详细,雅思阅读必备 以下按题型分类做出讲解 Matching(从属关系搭配题) 1.题型要求 Matching(搭配题)是IELTS最常考的题型之一,每次考试至少有一组,很多时候达到两组甚至更多,应该引起同学们的重视。搭配题通常有三部分组成:题目要求、选相的集合、题目的集合。要求你根据某种关系将题目与选项配对。这种关系在题目要求中说明。搭配题通常不具有顺序性,也就是说,题目的顺序和原文的顺序是不一致的。所以做搭配题,通读一遍原文一般是不可避免的。大多数同学会感觉这种题型不太难,但比较烦。如果有足够的时间,肯定都能做出来。这种题型就是考大家的快速阅读能力,即很快从文章中找到所需信息的能力。大家在做搭配题的练习时,不仅要保证准确率,还要注意时间。一般每个题目1-2分钟。例如一组6个题目的搭配题,应在8-10分钟做完。搭配题本身有分为三种类型:从属关系搭配题、因果关系搭配题、作者及其观点搭配题。 不同类型的搭配题有不同的解题方法,所以我分为三种题型分别介绍,希望这样会更清楚。本节主要介绍从属关系搭配题。从属关系搭配题是搭配题中最常靠的类型。选项中的元素和题目中的元素是从属的关系,要求根据原文,将每个题目与相应的选项搭配。 请看下面中文阅读例子: 原文:介绍中国四个直辖市的情况。(略) 题目要求:将直辖市的特征与相应的城市搭配。 选项:A 北京市 B 上海市 C 天津市 D 重庆市 题目:1 狗不里包子 2 黄浦大桥 3 天安门 4 十八街麻花 答案:1C 2 B 3A 4C 考试中,A类和G类一般都是每次必考,考两组,共十题左右。有时也考一或三组。 2.解题步骤 (1)仔细阅读题目要求,搞清选项和题目之间的关系。 虽然都是从属关系,但也有很大的不同。有的是汽车制造公司和它们的设计特点,有的是俱乐部和它们举办的活动等等。所以在做题前一定要仔细阅读题目要求,搞清选项和题目之间的关系。 (2)先把题目从头到尾看一遍,尽可能多记些关键词。 做这种题,通读一遍原文一般是不可避免的,但最好只读一遍原文。能做到这点的前提是:在读原文之前,先把题目从头到尾看一遍,记住尽可能多的题目中关键词。这样,在读文章时,就知道要找什么东东。例如,前面介绍的中文阅读文章,在做题前应看以下1-4题,知道要找:狗不里包子、黄浦大桥、天安门、十八街麻花。在读文章是,就特别注意这些词。这么做的主要原因是因为这种题型没有顺序性,如果只看第1题:狗不理包子,就阅读原文。狗不理包子的描述在原文任何位置都有可能,很有可能就在文章的结尾处。这样,你读完一遍文章,只做了一个第1题,做第2题时,你还需要从头再阅读原文,这样很浪费时间。 这一步是做这种题型的关键,否则,就会造成反复地读原文,浪费时间。 (3)从头到尾快速阅读原文,遇到所记住的关键词或其对应词,当即解答该题。

雅思阅读练习题

People often ask which is the most difficult language to learn, and it is not easy to answer because there are many factors to take into consideration. Firstly, in a first language the differences are (66) as people learn their mother tongue naturally, so the question of how hard a language is to learn is only (67 ) when learning a second language. A native speaker of Spanish, (68) , will find Portuguese much easier to learn than a native speaker of Chinese, because Portuguese is very similar to Spanish, (69) Chinese is very different. So first language can (70) learning a second language. The greater the differences between the second language and our first are, the (71) it will be for most people to learn. Many people answer that Chinese is the hardest language to learn, possibly (72) by the thought of learning the Chinese writing system, and the pronunciation of Chinese does appear to be very difficult for many foreign learners. (73) , for Japanese speakers, who already use Chinese characters in their own language, learning (74) will be less difficult than for speakers of languages using the Roman alphabet. Some people seem to learn languages (75) , while others find it very difficult. Teachers and the (76) in which the language is learned also play an important role, as well as each learner's motivation for learning. If people learn a language because they need to use it (77) , they often learn it faster than people studying a language that has no direct use in their day to day life. (78) from different cultures will find different languages more difficult. No language is easy to learn well, (79) languages which are related to our first language are easier. Learning a completely different writing system is a huge (80) , but that does not necessarily make a language more difficult than another. 66. A. apparent B. extensive C. decline D. unimportant 67. A. relevant B. permanent C. essential D. progressive 68. A. by contrast B. in addition C. for example D. after all 69. A. when B. while C. where D. whether 70. A. affect B. achieve C. attach D. assemble 71. A. easier B. harder C. faster D. slower 72. A. inherited B. overtaken C. influenced D. restricted 73. A. However B. Moreover C. Therefore D. Anyhow 74. A. speaking B. listening C. reading D. writing 75. A. gradually B. steadily C. readily D.subconsciously 76. A. learners B. materials C. tutors D.circumstances 77. A. occasionally B. professionally C. properly D. informally 78. A. societies B. characters C. individuals D. visitors 79. A. as B. though C. because D. since 80. A. success B. surprise C. opportunity D. challenge 66—70 DACBA 71—75 BCADC 76—80 DBCBD

十四种雅思阅读题型做题技巧

十四种雅思阅读题型做题技巧 一、Matching(从属关系搭配题) 1.题型要求 Matching(搭配题)是IELTS最常考的题型之一,每次考试至少有一组,很多时候达到两组甚至更多,应该引起同学们的重视。搭配题通常有三部分组成:题目要求、选相的集合、题目的集合。要求你根据某种关系将题目与选项配对。这种关系在题目要求中说明。搭配题通常不具有顺序性,也就是说,题目的顺序和原文的顺序是不一致的。所以做搭配题,通读一遍原文一般是不可避免的。大多数同学会感觉这种题型不太难,但比较烦。如果有足够的时间,肯定都能做出来。这种题型就是考大家的快速阅读能力,即很快从文章中找到所需信息的能力。大家在做搭配题的练习时,不仅要保证准确率,还要注意时间。一般每个题目1-2分钟。例如一组6个题目的搭配题,应在8-10分钟做完。搭配题本身有分为三种类型:从属关系搭配题、因果关系搭配题、作者及其观点搭配题。 不同类型的搭配题有不同的解题方法,所以我分为三种题型分别介绍,希望这样会更清楚。本节主要介绍从属关系搭配题。从属关系搭配题是搭配题中最常靠的类型。选项中的元素和题目中的元素是从属的关系,要求根据原文,将每个题目与相应的选项搭配。 请看下面中文阅读例子: 原文:介绍中国四个直辖市的情况。(略) 题目要求:将直辖市的特征与相应的城市搭配。 选项:A 北京市B 上海市 C 天津市D 重庆市 题目:1 狗不里包子2 黄浦大桥3 天安门4 十八街麻花 答案:1C 2 B 3A 4C 考试中,A类和G类一般都是每次必考,考两组,共十题左右。有时也考一或三组。 2.解题步骤 (1)仔细阅读题目要求,搞清选项和题目之间的关系。 虽然都是从属关系,但也有很大的不同。有的是汽车制造公司和它们的设计特点,有的是俱乐部和它们举办的活动等等。所以在做题前一定要仔细阅读题目要求,搞清选项和题目之间的关系。 (2)先把题目从头到尾看一遍,尽可能多记些关键词。做这种题,通读一遍原文一般是不可避免的,但最好只读一遍原文。能做到这点的前提是:在读原文之前,先把题目从头到尾看一遍,记住尽可能多的题目中关键词。这样,在读文章时,就知道要找什么东东。例如,前面介绍的中文阅读文章,在做题前应看以下1-4题,知道要找:狗不里包子、黄浦大桥、天安门、十八街麻花。在读文章是,就特别注意这些词。这么做的主要原因是因为这种题型没有顺序性,如果只看第1题:狗不理包子,就阅读原文。狗不理包子的描述在原文任何位置都有可能,很有可能就在文章的结尾处。这样,你读完一遍文章,只做了一个第1题,做第2题时,你还需要从头再阅读原文,这样很浪费时间。这一步是做这种题型的关键,否则,就会造成反复地读原文,浪费时间。 (3)从头到尾快速阅读原文,遇到所记住的关键词或其对应词,当即解答该题。从头到尾依顺序快速阅读原文,在阅读原文时,注意寻找所记住的题目中的关键词,如果关键词是专用名词或很生僻的词,一般在原文中出现的就是该词本身,否则会有同义词或同义表述的对应。选项常常是一些专用名词,包含大写字母。这时,在阅读原文时,应特别注意包含大写字母的地方,注意其前后的词是否与所记住的关键词相同或相对应。在阅读原文是,要特别注意原文中一些有特别标记的词,如反复出现的词、括好里的词、引号里的词、黑体字、斜体字,这些词常常是题目中的关键词或其改写。如果关键词比较抽象,比如是专有名词或者很生僻的词,不好记忆,大家也不要害怕。这可能是件好事,在原文中出现的很可能就是该词本身。所以即使记不住,在阅读原文时,可以采用边读文章边看选项的方法。因为在读原文之前,已把题目从头到尾看了一遍,所以最好只读一遍文章就能做出绝大多数的题目。比如一组6个题目,能找到4-5个。 (4)解答没有匹配上的题目。由于有的关键词没有记住,或者有的与原文没有对应上。读完一遍文章后,有的题目没有找出来。比如一组6个题目,1-2个没能找到。这已是很不错的表现了。对于这1-2个题目,可以有如下的解决办法:

雅思阅读练习 reading2

Reading 2 Scanning for a specific detail and skimming for general understanding wily, Wired Consumers The Internet has empowered shoppers both online and offline. A The amount of time people spend researching, checking prices, visiting stores and seeking advice from friends tends to rise in proportion to the value of the product they are thinking of buying. A new car is one of the biggest purchases people make, and buyers typically spend four to six weeks mulling over their choices. So why are some people now walking into car showrooms and ordering a vehicle without even asking for a test drive? Or turning up at an electrical store and pointing out the washing machine they want without seeking advice from a sales assistant? Welcome to a new style of shopping shaped by the internet. B More people are buying products online, especially at peak buying periods. The total value of e-commerce transactions in the United States in the fourth quarter of 2004 reached $18 billon, a 22% increase over the same period in 2003, according to the Department of Commerce in Washington DC. But that just represents 2% of America’s total retail market and excludes services, such as online travel, the value of goods auctioned on the Internet, and the $34 billion-worth of goods that individuals trade on eBay. C If you consider the Internet’s wider influence over what people spend their money on, then the figures escalate out of sight. Some carmakers in America now find that eight out of ten of their buyers have logged on to the Internet to gather information about not just the exact vehicle they want, but also the price they are going to pay. Similarly with consumer electronics, nowadays if a customer wants to know which flat-screen TV they should buy, they are likely to start their shopping online – even though the vast majority will not complete the transaction there. D The Internet is moving the world closer to perfect product and price information. The additional knowledge it can provide makes consumers more self-assured and bold enough to go into a car dealership and refuse to bargain. As a result, the process of shopping is increasingly being divorced from the transaction itself. Consumers might surf the web at night and hit the shops during the day. Visiting bricks-and-mortar stores can provide the final confirmation that the item or group of items that they are interested in is right for them. E Far from losing trade to online merchants stores that offer the sorts of goods people find out about online can gain from this new form of consumer behaviour. This is provided they offer attractive facilities, good guarantees and low prices. F Merchants who charge too much and offer poor service, however, should beware. The same,too, for shaky manufacturers: smarter consumers know which products have a good reputation and which do not, because online they now read not only the sales blurb but also reviews from previous purchasers. And if customers are disappointed, a few clicks of the mouse will take them to places

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