专题四 名词性从句之宾语从句
专题四名词性从句之宾语从句
一、宾语从句的概念
宾语从句在复合句中起宾语的作用，可以放在动词和介词之后。宾语从句应用陈述句语序。
二、宾语从句的引导词
that引导的宾语从句
(1) that引导宾语从句时本身无意义，在从句中也不充当句子成分，在非正式场合下that可以省略。
eg.I think ( that) you are right.
(2)由并列连词and和but所连接的两个或两个以上的that从句中，第一个从句的that可以省略，但第二个及其后的从句中的that不可省略。
eg.He said (that) he had eaten nothing but that he was not hungry.
(3)在含有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到后面，用it作形式宾语。可这样使用的动词有think，find，feel, consider, make ,judge等。
eg.We think it impossible that you can finish the job today．
(4)that引导的从句一般不能作介词的宾语(but，except，in除外），有时可借助于it来表示。eg.I know nothing about him except that he is a writer.
除了知道他是个作家，别的我一无所知。
We depend on it that you help us with the work.
我们要靠你们来帮助我们完成工作。
whether/if引导的宾语从句
(1)whether和if表示“是否”，在宾语从句中不充当句子成分。二者一般可以换用。
eg.I wonder whether/if there is any need to spend so much money on the party.
我想知道是否有必要花那么多钱举办这个聚会。
(2) whether引导的从句可用在介词后，if则不可。
eg.Everything depends on whether you are for it.
一切取决于你是否赞成。
eg.I haven 't settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.
我还没有定下来是否回家。
(3)whether or not连用时，不可用if代替whether。
eg.I don't care whether he comes or not.
(4)与不定式连用时，用whether不用if。
eg.She was uncertain whether to stay or leave.
她拿不定主意是该留下还是离开。
连接代词引导的宾语从句
what，which，who，whom，whose这五个连接代词本身有词义，在从句中担任一定的句子成分。
(1) who在从句中作主语、宾语和表语，whom作宾语。
eg.I asked him who came into the room.
我问他谁到屋里来过了。
I can't tell whom he saw.我说不上来他看见谁了。
(2)what，which和whose在从句中常作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
eg.①Do you know what the girl's father is?
你知道那女孩的父亲是干什么的吗？
②Let me know which train you'll be arriving on．告诉我你将坐哪趟火车。
③The twins are so much alike that I never know which is which.这对双胞胎长得那么相像，我老弄不清谁是谁。
④I wonder whose is better.
我想知道谁的更好一些。
(3)what ( = the thing/things that)，意思是“……的事物／的事情，所引导的从句相当于“先行词+定语从句”。
eg.I can't do what you asked me to do.我不能做你要求我做的事。
She did what she could to help the poor.(=She did all that she could to help the poor.)
她尽力帮助穷人。
连接副词引导的宾语从句
when，where，how，why这四个连接副词本身有词义，在从句中作状语。
eg.①Do you know when they got married?
你知道他们什么时候结的婚吗？
②Most of us in the well-fed world give little thought to where our food comes from or how it's
grown.
在这个食物丰足的世界里，我们大多数人很少去思考我们的食物从哪儿来，又是如何种植的。
③I wonder who he is,where he came from and why he came.
我很想知道他是谁，从哪里来，来干什么。
wh+ever引导的从句
(1)whatever，whichever, whoever, whomever等词引导名词性从句，表示“任何……的人或东西”，在从句中一般作主语和宾语，whatever和whichever也可作定语。在语法作用上，相当于先行词+关系代词”( whatever = anything that; whoever =anyone who) 。
eg.I’ll just say whatever comes to my mind.我想到什么就说什么。
(=I'll just say anything that comes to my mind.)
eg.The information will be useful to whoever takes over the job．
这一信息将对任何接受这项工作的人有用。
( = The information will be useful to anyone who takes over the job.)
They may marry who( m) ever they desire.他们可以娶任何他们想娶的人。
( =They may marry anyone whom they desire.)
Take whichever seat you like.
你愿坐哪儿就坐哪儿。
(2)这类词还可引导让步状语从句，意思是“无论……”，相当于“no matter+wh-”。
eg.Keep calm,whatever happens.
不管发生什么事，要保持镇静。
Whoever wants to speak to me on the phone, tell him I'm busy.
不管谁要找我接电话，就说我正忙着呢。
三、宾语从句的同义句转换。
在宾语从句中经常会出现“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构，它可与“疑问词+主语+情态动词+动词原形”进行同义句转换。
Can you tell me how I can get to the station？
Can you tell me how to get to the station ？
四、宾语从句的语序。
宾语从句的语序都用陈述句语序（即正常的主谓语序）
He says that Jim will miss a lot of lessons .
He asked whether we should hold a sports meeting .
Do you know what the population of Dalian is ？
五、宾语从句的时态。
1、主句是一般现在时，从句可根据需要选用任何时态。
He says that he is good at English
He says that he has been ill for two days
I don’t know if he will come tomorrow
2、主句是一般过去时，从句可根据需要用相应的过去某种时态。（即一般过去时、过去将来时、过去完成时等）
He asked me where I lived
He said that she had been ill for two days
She said that she would return soon
3、当从句讲述的是客观事实或真理时，从句时态不受主句的影响，都用一般现在时。The teacher said “light travels faster than sound”
He said that the earth is round
特例：Could you tell me …委婉的语气，常按照一般现在时处理。
Could you tell me where the nearest hospital is ？
六、宾语从句变否定句。
如果主句的主语是第一人称I或we 时，并且谓语动词多为think、guess、believe等表示心理活动的词时，变否定句要否定转移，即否定主句。否则，变否定句看从句。
I think chicken can swim （变否定句）
I don’t think chicken can swim
He said that he would go shopping（变否定句）……
He said that he would not go shopping
七、宾语从句变反意疑问句
如果宾语从句的主句是第一人称I或we时，变反意疑问句时看从句。如果主句不是第一人称时则看主句。
I think he is a good student ，isn’t he ？
They want to know if he is a good student ，don’t they ？
(英语)英语宾语从句专题训练答案
（英语）英语宾语从句专题训练答案 一、初中英语宾语从句 1．一Do you know for vacation? 一Next month. A．when Mr. Cooper will leave B．when Mr. Cooper left C．when will Mr. Cooper leave D．when did Mr. Cooper leave 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：---你知道Mr Cooper什么时候去度假吗？---下个月。此题考查宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。根据句意及时间状语，应用一般将来时，故选A。 考点：考查宾语从句。 2．—I wonder ______. —She always cares much about others. A．how does Jane get on so well with her classmates B．why Jane is generally liked by all the other classmates C．if Jane is popular with her classmates 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——我想知道为什么其他同学都喜欢简。——她总是非常关心其他人。Ahow does Jane get on so well with her classmates简怎么和她的同学相处得这么好，宾语从句应使用陈述语序，可排除A；Bwhy Jane is generally liked by all the other classmates为什么其他同学都喜欢简；Cif Jane is popular with her classmates简是否受同学的欢迎。根据She always cares much about others.可知此处询问她为什么被其他同学喜欢，可排除C。故选B。 3．—I'd like to know ________ for the party. —I have no idea. A．why did she buy so little food B．what she has prepared C．whether will she dance D．when is she leaving 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：--我想知道她为晚会做了什么。—我不知道。答案A,C,D的语序是疑问语序，不正确。宾语从句的语序应该是陈述语序。故选B。
【初中英语】宾语从句专题复习含答案解析(1)
【初中英语】宾语从句专题复习含答案解析(1) 一、初中英语宾语从句 1．—Daniel, I’ m still not sure . — Why not? No one is better than you in our class. A．how I can prepare for the competition B．whether I should take part in the competition C．who I can ask for more information about the competition D．when I can enter the competition 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：—丹尼尔，我还是不确定我是否应该参加这个比赛。—为什么不呢?在我们班没有人比你更好。A. how I can prepare for the competition我如何为比赛做准备；B. whether I should take part in the competition我是否应该参加比赛；C. who I can ask for more information about the competition我可以向谁询问更多关于比赛的信息；D. when I can enter the competition我什么时候可以进入比赛。根据回答，why not？为什么不呢？可知，问题是问意见，是否做某事，故选B。 2．—I’m sorry about yesterday. —Don’t worry about it. It’s never just one person’s fault. We should think about______better next time. A．how can we do it B．how we can do it C．how can they do it D．how they can do it 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——昨天我很抱歉。——不用担心。它永远不只是一个人的错。我们应该考虑下一次如何做得更好。考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述句语序，AC都是疑问句语序，可排除。It’s never just one person’s fault. 不只是一个人的错，意思是“我们大家都有责任”；根据句意语境，可知they不合句意，故选B。 3．—I'd like to know ________ for the party. —I have no idea. A．why did she buy so little food B．what she has prepared C．whether will she dance D．when is she leaving 【答案】B 【解析】
(新)高中英语语法总结-名词性从句
名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 高中英语定语从句和名词性从句综合训练 名词从句 名词从句有四类：宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。例如： 宾语从句：I don’t know where he will go. 主语从句：Where he will go is unknown. 表语从句：The problem is how we can get so much money. 同位语从句：We all feel sorry about the news that he failed in the game. 下面几点是学习名词从句要加以注意的： 1．w hether和if都可以引导宾语从句表达“是否”意，（即引导宾语从句时if和whether 可以互换）但以下几种名词从句要用whether（不用if）引导： （1）引导主语从句，且在句首时。例： Whether he has won the tennis is not known.(但 It is not known whether/if he has won the tennis). （2）引导表语从句时。 例The problem is whether he can get a job. （3）引导同位语从句时。 例：I have no idea whether he will come. （4）介词后的whether从句。 例：I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 2．位于句首引导主语从句的that不可忘。 例如：That he got the first place in the competition surprised all of us. 3．在“It is suggested/proposed/ordered/a pity/no wonder/necessary/strange/…＋ that从句”结构中，that从句谓语有时用（should）do这样的虚拟语气形式。 例如：It is suggested that we(should) improve the relations between us. It is a pity that one(should) stay in one place all one s life. It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings（缺点）. 4．在“The reason why…is that…”句式中that不要误为because.
(完整版)初中英语宾语从句专项练习(完整版)
宾语从句基本讲解与练习 宾语从句小口诀 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词； 主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时； if/whether,引，一般疑问句陈述句转that 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一、概念宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。在句子中起到二、连接词 在从句中不。that在非正式场合that可以省略)1. 陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that ( 充当任何成分，也没有实在意思，只起到连接作用。没有人告诉杰克第二天有班No one told Jack (that) there would be a class meeting the next day. 会。Little Tom was afraid (that) he couldn't pass the exam. 小汤姆担心这次考试不及格。say, think, wish, hope, imagine, wonder, know, believe, 从句做宾语的动词有：that1】可跟【拓展等。agree, explain, feel, suggest, hear, mean, notice等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定expect think, believe, suppose, 【拓展2】当主句谓语动词是
时，常把否定转移至主句表示。我认为他不会在会上发言的。I don't think (that) he can give a speech at the meeting.so等后，可用等动词以及I'm afraid 【拓展3】在think, believe, imagine, suppose, guess, hope 代替一个否定的宾语从句。代替一个肯定的宾语从句，用not eg: --- Do you believe he will come? 你相信他会来吗？ --- I believe so. 我相信会。 我相信不会。I don't believe so. (或I believe not.) --- 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语引导的宾语从句, whether或if 2. 以。或whetherif在从句中不充当任何成分，意为“是否”从句，从句是陈述句语序。He asked me if he might use my knife. →He asked me. ？eg: “May I use your knife” 】从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人1【注意1 称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。 eg: “Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me. →He asked me whether I know her telephone number. 【注意2】：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。 ①当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if。 eg: We are talking about whether we'll go on the picnic. 我们在讨论是否去野餐。 ②引导词与动词不定式或or not 连用时，只用whether。 eg: Please let me know whether to do next step. 请让我知道是否开展下一步行
初中英语名词性从句专项训练及答案
初中英语名词性从句专项训练及答案 一、初中英语名词性从句 1．He took a trip to Beijing last week and ________ he saw at the Forbidden City impressed him deeply. A. that B. how C. what D. which 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：上周他到北京旅行了，他在故宫所看到的给他留下了深刻的印象。分析句子结构可知，连词and后为一个名词性从句，因此应该使用what引导，且what在从句中作主语，故选C。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句。 2．It has been pointed out ________ plays a vital role in driving away one's anxiety is one's sweet childhood memories. A. what that B. which C. that D. that what 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：有人指出，驱除焦虑所起着至关重要的作用是童年美好的回忆。本句时一个主语从句，it作形式主语，真正的主语为that what plays a vital role in driving away one's anxiety is one's sweet childhood memories.，主语从句中又有一个主语从句，且此主语从句中缺少主语，所以用what引导。故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句。 3．___ surprised me most was ____the girl passed the driver test. A. That; that B. What; how C. What; that D. That; why 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：最让我吃惊的是那个女孩通过了驾驶考试。___ surprised me most是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，故填what；____the girl passed the driver test 是一个表语从句，句中不缺少成分，故填that。因此选C。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句。 4． is even more important is the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. A. When; that; when B. What; whether; as C. What; that; as D. lt; whether; as 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】这题考查从句的用法，第一空填what引导主语从句，在主语从句中what做主语，第二空填that引导表语从句，在表语从句中，as是引导时间状语从句，句意是：甚至更重要的是：随着地球的冷却，水开始出现在表面。选C。
经典英语名词性从句
名词性从句在复合句中具有名词的性质的作主语、表语、同位语、宾语的从句叫名词性从句。因此，我们把主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句这四种从句统称为名词性从句。 主语从句(subject clauses)在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的词有从属连词、、关系代词、连接副词等。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词that、whether，关系代词：who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever；关系副词：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等。 That you don’t like him is none of my business.你不喜欢她不管我的事。 What he said is true. 他说的是真的。 Do you remember how he arrived almost at the end of the party?你记得他几乎是在宴会快结束时才到的吗？ This party's really where it's at, man! 啊，这个晚会真棒！Tell us how you fulfilled the heavy task ahead of schedule.告诉我们,你们是怎样提前完成这一艰巨任务的。 We have reason to believe that the fighting on the border may develop into a full-blown war. (喻)我们有理由相信边境上的冲突可能发展成一场全面战争。 He said that he would come. 他说他要来。
【英语】 中考英语宾语从句专题训练答案及解析
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eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时，只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? c. if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether. (3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。 E.g. Could you tell me what's the matter\wrong with you? 特殊情况：：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋do you think＋陈述句语序。 3.宾语从句时态 a.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如： Do you know（if/whether he has seen the film）? b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如： I didn't know （if/whether he had seen the film.） 注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如： He said （that the earth moves round the sun.） The teacher told us （that light travels much faster than sound.）
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