高三英语阅读理解(社会文化)试题(有答案和解析)

高三英语阅读理解(社会文化)试题(有答案和解析)

一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类

1．阅读理解

The final results of Best-Ever Teen Fiction vote are in. While it's no surprise to see Harry Potter and The Hunger Games series on top, this year's list also highlights some writers we weren't as familiar with. For example, John Green, author of The Fault in Our Stars, appears five times in the top 100.

Summer, like youth, passes quickly. But the books we read when we're young can stay with us for a lifetime. The following are the top 4 on the list. Enjoy.

⒈Harry Potter series

The Harry Potter books make up the popular series written by J. K. Rowing. The series includes seven books. The books concern a wizard (魔法师) called Harry Potter and his journey through Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. The stories tell of him over coming dangerous obstacles to defeat the dark wizard Lord Voldemort who killed his parents when Harry was 15 months old.

⒉The Hunger Games series

In the ruins of a future North America, a young girl is picked to leave her poor district and travel to Capitol for a battle to the death in the cruel Hunger Games. But for Katniss Everdeen, the main character in this series by Suzanne Collins, winning the Games only puts her deeper in danger as the strict social order of Panem begins to unravel (瓦解).

⒊To Kill a Mockingbird

Author Harper Lee explores racial tensions in the fictional "tired old town" of Maycomb, Ala. , through the eyes of 6-year-old Scout Finch. As her lawyer father, Atticus, defends a black man accused of a crime, Scout and her friends learn about the unjust treatment of African-Americans – and their mysterious neighbor, Boo Radley.

⒋The fault in Our Stars

Hazel Grace, a teenage girl, has got all sorts of cancer inside her body, and her lungs aren't working very well. She knows she is dying and doesn't live in hope any more. When a man named Augustus Waters suddenly appears at the Cancer Kid Support Group, Hazel's story is about to be completely rewritten.

（1）What do we know about John Green?

A. One of his novels tops the list.

B. Many of his novels are very popular.

C. He is the favorite writer of many teens.

D. He was a well-known writer long before the vote.

（2）Who is the author of The Hunger Games series?

A. Harper Lee.

B. John Green.

C. J. K. Rowling.

D. Suzanne Collins.（3）What is To Kill a Mockingbird mainly about?

A. Lifelong friendships.

B. Racial discrimination.

C. A man working as a lawyer.

D. A little girl's difficult childhood.

（4）Hazel in The Fault in Our Stars ______.

A. is very optimistic

B. writes a great story

C. makes many mistakes

D. is changed by Augustus.

（5）In which part of a newspaper can we find the text probably?

A. Sports.

B. News.

C. Literature.

D. Entertainment.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）B

（4）D

（5）C

【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了最受青少年喜爱的四部小说。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一段this year's list also highlights some writers we weren't as familiar with. For example, John Green, author of The Fault in Our Stars, appears five times in the top 100. 可知，本年度的名单中出现了一些我们不是很熟悉的作家，比如John Green，在前100里出现了五次，可知，其小说很受欢迎，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第四段But for Katniss Everdeen, the main character in this series by Suzanne Collins可知，饥饿游戏的作者为Suzanne Collins，故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据本部分Author Harper Lee explores racial tensions in the fictional "tired old town" of Maycomb可知，杀死一只知更鸟，探讨种族歧视问题，故选B。

（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段When a man named Augustus Waters suddenly appears at the Cancer Kid Support Group, Hazel's story is about to be completely rewritten. 可知，当Augustus Waters出现的时候，Hazel的人生发生了改变，故选D。

（5）推理判断题题。本文主要介绍四部受青少年喜爱的小说，故与文学有关，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

2．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Fantastic Fall Festivals You Won't Want to Miss

Seymour Apple Festival

Admission to the Seymour Apple Festival is free and so is the entertainment! More than 15, 000 people from all over the region come out to take part in the activities, ranging from drawings, vendor booths, food, apple contests, bike-decorating contests, and more.

Marionville Apple Festival

The popular Marionville Apple Festival is home to countless activities and events. The carnival, pony rides, and games will keep the kids busy, while adults will enjoy watching the pie-eating contest and browsing dozens of craft vendor booths.

Humansville Fall Festival

The Humansville Fall Festival may be hosted by a small town but that doesn't mean it's lacking big fun. Perfect for all ages, this fall festival is celebrating its 70th year and will provide three full days of fun. This year's festival will feature live music from fantastic local musicians, which will

definitely make it different from the ones in other years. You'll also find fun carnival rides, talented artisans selling their goods, and an amazing parade to wrap up the event on Saturday.

Southside Fall Festival

The Southside Fall Festival is perfect for family celebrations, with an alcohol-free environment and free admission. Enjoy a colorful parade and float contest, delicious food vendors, live music, karaoke, and more.

Fall Into Arts Festival

Make sure to bring the kids along for this festival that celebrates all things creative. The Fall Into Arts Festival features a host of kid-friendly activities like a lego build, sand art, bubble stations, chalk the sidewalk, a jump house, and more. Parents will have plenty to do as well, with an excellent variety of artists, festival food, a mini film festival, and much more.

（1）Which festivals are free of charge?

A. Southside Fall Festival and Fall Into Arts Festival.

B. Seymour Apple Festival and Southside Fall Festival.

C. Humansville Fall Festival and Fall Into Arts Festival.

D. Seymour Apple Festival and Marionville Apple Festival.

（2）What makes Humansville Fall Festival special this year?

A. Fun activities on Saturday.

B. The duration of the festival.

C. The area of the hosting town.

D. Musicians' live performance.

（3）Fall Into Arts Festival is specially welcomed by ________.

A. movie lovers

B. modern artists

C. visitors of all ages

D. families with kids

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个秋季的节日。

（1）考查细节理解。根据Seymour Apple Festival部分中的“Admission to the Seymour Apple Festival is free and so is the entertainment!”可知，西摩苹果节的门票是免费的，娱乐也是免费的！和Southside Fall Festival部分中的“The Southside Fall Festival is perfect for family celebrations, with an alcohol-free environment and free admission.”可知，此节日也是免费入场。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据 Humansville Fall Festival部分中的“This year's festival will feature live music from fantastic local musicians, which will definitely make it different from the ones in other years.”可知，今年的音乐节将以当地优秀音乐家的现场音乐为特色，使它有别于往年。故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据Fall Into Arts Festival部分中的“Make sure to bring the kids along for this festival that celebrates all things creative. The Fall Into Arts Festival features a host of kid-friendly activities like a lego build, sand art, bubble stations, chalk the sidewalk, a jump house, and more. Parents will have plenty to do as well, with an excellent variety of artists, festival food, a mini film festival, and much more.”可知，秋季艺术节既有许多孩子喜爱的活动，也有为父

母准备的活动，故特别受到有孩子的家庭的欢迎。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

March 21 has been declared World Sleep Day, a time to recognize and celebrate the value of sleep. Many sleep experts hope it will be a wake-up call.

According to a poll (民意调查) by the National Sleep Foundation, nearly 4 in 5 Americans don't get as much sleep as they should during the workweek. On average, adults are thought to need at least eight hours of sleep a night, although some can manage with less and some won't do well without more. But the survey found that, on weekdays, only 21% of Americans actually get a full eight hours of sleep, and another 21% get less than six hours.

To many of us, the thought of spending more time sleeping is, well, a big yawn. On the other hand, the thought of being smarter, thinner, healthier and more cheerful has a certain appeal. And those are just a few of the advantages that can be ours if we consistently get enough sleep, researchers say. Also on the plus side: We're likely to have better skin, better memories, better judgment, and, oh, yes, longer lives.

“When you lose even one hour of sleep for any reason, it influences your performa nce the next day,” says Dr. Alon Avidan, director of the UCLA Sleep Disorders Center.

A study published last year found the same to be true even of children. When kids aged 8 to 12 slept for just one hour less for four nights, they didn't function as well during the day.

But sleeping has an image problem.“We see napping or sleeping as lazy,” says Jennifer Vriend, a clinical psychologist in Ottawa, Canada, and the leading author of the study with children.“We put so much emphasis on diet, nutrition a nd exercise. Sleep is in the back seat. In fact,”she adds,“no matter how much we work out, no matter how well we eat, we can't be in top physical shape unless we also get plenty of sleep.”

（1）The underlined part in Paragraph 1 means .

A. waking up the sleepers

B. drawing people's attention

C. serving as a morning call

D. declaring the special day

（2）From Paragraph 3 we can infer that .

A. being healthier is one of the advantages for us

B. sleeping has nothing to do with one's expectations

C. enough sleep is the guarantee of the appealing things

D. spending more time in sleeping is a waste of time

（3）What Jennifer Vriend said in the last paragraph implies that .

A. people care little about sleeping

B. sleeping is an image problem

C. lazy people tend to sleep long

D. sleeping is only part of our life

（4）What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To talk about people's sleeping problems.

B. To provide an investigation result of sleeping.

C. To stress the function of sleeping at night.

D. To arouse the awareness of enough sleep.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，充足的睡眠对我们非常重要,为了引起人们的足够重视,3月21日被宣布为世界睡眠日。

（1）考查词义猜测。此处指,睡眠专家希望3月21日被宣布为世界睡眠日这件事会引起人们对睡眠的重视。由此可知,a wake-up call含有警钟的意思。与B项表述的意思相近,故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“On the other hand, the thought of being smarter, thinner, hea lthier and more cheerful has a certain appeal.”可知,充足的睡眠可以使我们更聪明、更苗条、更健康、更快乐等,这些都是有吸引力的事情。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“We put so much emphasis on diet, nutrition and exercise. Sleep is in the back seat.”可知,人们注重饮食、营养和锻炼,不很重视睡眠。故选A。（4）考查推理判断。这篇文章旨在让人们意识到充足睡眠的重要性,呼吁人们关注睡眠问题。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

The British live on a small island. They are surrounded by thesea, so it is not surprising that the sea has always played an important role intheir lives. After the development of large, ocean-going sailing ships in the fifteenthcentury, the sea became even more important to the country's development. Shipssetting sail from England determined to extend Britain's territories, its wealthand its knowledge of the world. Ships returned to England bringing goods, peopleand new ideas from foreign places. By the nineteenth century, Britain had the largest,most powerful navy in the world.

The great sailing ships were so much a part of British life thatthey even affected the language. Many English expressions we use today were originallynautical (航海的)terms, although most people no longer realize this. For example, people commonlydescribe an honest and fair business deal as being "above board". Thisexpression was originally used in sailing ship times when secretive, dishonest ship'sbusiness would be carried out below decks (below the boards) out of public view.On the other hand, honest business was always conducted on deck (above the boards),in the open where everyone could see what was going on.

"Pipe down!", meaning "Be quiet!", is anothercommon expression that has nautical origins. The ship's boatswain (水手长) would blow a whistle, or pipe, at theend of the day to indicate (表明) to the sailors it was time to quieten down and go to sleep.

Most native English speakers have heard the expression "notenough room to swing a cat", but few know that the "cat" does notrefer to a small furry animal with four legs and a tail. The "cat"

isactually a short form of "cat of nine tails" —a whip with nine, knotted(打结的) tails. A boatswain needed a lot of spacein order to swing the whip properly when lashing (鞭打) a poor sailor under his control!

（1）The British have been strongly influenced by the sea because ________.

A. they occupied more land around the world

B. they got more wealth from the sea

C. they live on an island surrounded by the sea

D. they had the largest navy ever

（2）If someone is open and above board, it means he is ________.

A. secretive

B. honest

C. cheerful

D. dishonest

（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Sailors need to go to sleep when they hear a whistle.

B. Sailors will be whipped if they do business below decks.

C. A poor sailor may be whipped nine times a day.

D. There is no spare room to raise cats on ships.

（4）What is the main idea of the passage?

A. The business on British sailing ships.

B. The influence of British sailors' language on English.

C. The sailing history of England.

D. The sailing story of British sailors.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，英国作为一个岛国，四周环海，海洋在英国人的生活中起着重要的作用。英国曾有着强大的海军。一直以来，水手们经常使用的一些航海术语丰富并影响着英语这门语言。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“They are surrounded by the sea, s o it is not surprising that the sea has always played an important role in their lives.”可知，英国被海洋环绕，海对英国人的生活影响很大。故选C。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“…people commonly describe an honest and fair business deal as being “above board”可知，如果”一个诚实公正的人就会被认为是'above board'”。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The ship's boatswain (水手长) would blow a whistle, or pipe, at the end of the day to indicate (表明) to the sailors it was time to quieten down and go to sleep.”可知船上的水手长会在一天结束的时候吹口哨或吹笛子，向水手们表示应该安静下来睡觉了。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。第一段介绍英国是一个受到海洋影响的国家，四周环海，航海在人们

的生活中起着重要的作用。以此引入主题即水手们在航行时使用的一些航海术语对英语这

门语言所产生的影响。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅

读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推

理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解Welcome to the 2017 UK Festival Awards

The UK Festival Awards & Conference is an opportunity to recognize the hard work, vision and creativity of the nation's beloved festival industry.

Throughout the day of the event, the Conference invites numerous industry insiders(行家) to discuss the issues most relative to the sector, reviewing its immediate past and portending to the future. The evening's Awards present a wide range of honors across categories that are decided

via a combination of public voting and professional judgments. Since launching in 2004 it has evolved into a major event at The Roundhouse in London, giving the industry a chance to collectively celebrate and fondly reflect upon the achievements of the past year.

With a gourmet dinner, gala awards ceremony and after-show party, it attracts over 1,000 of

the most influential people in the business.

Along with its sister events, the UK Festival Conference and the European Festival Awards, The

UK Festival Awards & Conference is owned and produced by Festival Awards Ltd, an independent company founded in the UK.

Awards include Best Major, Medium-Sized and Small Festival, Best Family Festival, Best Overseas Festival, Best Use of New Technology, and of course – Best Toilets.

As the festival season is approaching, we thought it'd be a good time to release our free UK Festival Market Report for 2015 / 2016. We gathered the data in our annual census(人口普

查) undertaken in the preparation stage for last year's UK Festival Awards. The latest UK Festival Market Report can be downloaded below.

Included in the Report is a bunch of related information about festivalgoers: where they're from, how they like to purchase music, what they eat, their attitudes towards ticket prices, how receptive they are to different forms of advertising, why they go to festivals in the first place, where they sleep, and much more.

We hope you find the information useful.

（1）Which phrase is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “portending” in paragraph 2?

A. getting down

B. adding up

C. giving way

D. looking forward

（2）What can be inferred from the passage?

A. An annual census is conducted and released in the Festival

B. The Festival Awards Ltd, is responsible for not less than three events.

C. The gala awards ceremony attracts only 1.000 influential businessmen.

D. Public voting plays a leading role in deciding a variety of festival honors.

（3）Where most probably will you see this passage?

A. In a magazine.

B. In a newspaper.

C. On a website.

D. In a TV program.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了the 2017 UK Festival Awards。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Throughout the day of the event, the Conference invites numerous industry insiders(行家) to discuss the issues most relative to the sector, reviewing its immediate past and portending to the future.” 在活动的当天，会议邀请了许多业内人士来讨论与该行业相关的最重要的问题，回顾其过去的过去，并展望未来。根据reviewing its immediate past 和to the future.可知划线词的意思是“展望未来”，故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段“Along with its sister events, the UK Festival Conference and the European Festival Awards, The UK Festival Awards & Conference is owned and produced by Festival Awards Ltd, an i ndependent company founded in the UK.”和第五段中的“Awards include Best Major, Medium-Sized and Small Festival, Best Family Festival, Best Overseas Festival, Best Use of New Technology, and of course –Best Toilets.”可知，The Festival Awards Ltd负责不少于三项活动。故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的“The latest UK Festival Market Report can be downloaded below.”可知，这篇文章最有可能来自一个网址。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

Academic learning is usually in the spotlight at school, but teaching elementary-age students “soft” skills like self-control and how to get along with others might help to keep at-risk kids out of criminal trouble in the future.

Once a program called Fast Track was started in the early 1990s for more than 7,600 children of 55 schools in America. They were identified by their teachers and parents to be at high risk for developing aggressive behavioral problems. The students were randomly divided into two groups; half took part in the intervention, which included a teacher-led curriculum, parent training groups, academic tutoring and lessons in self-control and social skills. The program, which lasted from first grade through 10th grade, reduced delinquency(少年犯罪), arrests and use of health and mental health services as the students aged through adolescence and young adulthood.

In another latest study, by looking at the data from nearly 900 students in previous findings, researchers found that about a third of the influence on future crime outcomes was due to the social and self-regulation skills the students learned from ages 6 to 11.

The academic skills, or hard skills like learning of physics, which were taught as part of Fast Track, turned out to have less of an influence on crime and delinquency rates than did the soft skills, which are associated with emotional(情绪的) intelligence. Soft skills might include teaching kids to work cooperatively in a group or teaching them how to think about the long-term consequences when they make a decision.

Researchers drew the conclusion that these soft skills should be emphasized even more in our education system and in our system of socializing children. Parents should do all they can to

promote these skills with their children as should education policymakers. To the extent we can improve those skills, we can improve outcomes in delinquency.

（1）Fast Track was intended for children who .

A. were randomly chosen from their schools

B. had some problems with academic learning

C. often went against their teachers and parents' wishes

D. were considered to have criminal trouble in the future

（2）What can be learned about "the intervention" in Paragraph 2?

A. It included all the students.

B. It focused on social skills.

C. It improved health services.

D. It had positive outcomes.

（3）Compared with soft skills, hard skills .

A. almost have no influence on students

B. are more affected by students' emotion

C. are mainly related to academic learning

D. offer children greater self-control abilities （4）Which is the best title for the passage?

A. Soft Social Skills Matter

B. Fast Track Helps Children

C. How to Prevent Delinquency

D. What to DO for Education

【答案】（1）D

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述的是软社交技能的重要性。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Academic learning is usually in the spotlight at school, but teaching elementary-age students ‘soft’ skills like self-control and how to get along with others might help to keep at-risk kids out of criminal trouble in the future.可知，Fast Track是为那些在未来被认为有犯罪问题的儿童准备的。故选D。

(2)考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“The students were randomly divided into two groups; half took part in the intervention, which included a teacher-led curriculum, parent training groups, academic tutoring and lessons in self-control and social skills. ”学生被随机分为两组；一半的人参与了the intervention，其中包括教师主导的课程、家长培训小组、学术辅导以及自我控制和社交技巧方面的课程。由此推知划线词的意思是“辅导”，故选D。

(3)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“The academic skills, or hard skills like learning of physics, which were taught as part of Fast Track, turned out to have less of an influence on crime and delinquency rates than did the soft skills, which are associated with emotional(情绪的) intelligence.”可知，与软技能相比，硬技能主要与学术学习有关。故选C。

(4)考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“Researchers drew the conclusion that these soft skills should be emphasized even more in our education system and in our system of socializing children.”可知，本文讲述的是软社交技能的重要性。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

The year 3700, Earth is far too hot for any human to call it home. On this planet at least, man is nothing more than a memory--if there is anything left to remember the "wise man". But what about our wisdom--will any of it survive us?

The conventional answer is no. Knowledge requires a knower, and there will be no knowing minds around then. But if information survives, perhaps in books or hard drives, maybe the knowledge isn't quite dead but dormant(休眠), ready to become alive with the help of other minds that develop over time or come to visit Earth in the distant future.

At first sight, that seems to be reasonable: after all, we have done similar things with past knowledge. For example, we saved an ancient computer from a ship destroyed at sea off the southern coast of Greece, and succeeded in finding the meaning of Egyptian hieroglyphics(象形文字). Careful work can bring previously lost wisdom back to life.

However, the key point is that there is a certain cultural continuity with those ancient times that allows us to reason and make progress in the dark: we know we are dealing with the legacy(遗产)of other humans. Without that link, the survival of objects and raw data doesn't guarantee the survival of knowledge. And a lack of continuity in language with any future intelligence would be a barrier. Knowledge is closely connected with language. When a language dies out, we can lose systems of reasoning that they contain. If that's lost, then it can't be recovered.

All this means that other minds might not be able to fully make human knowledge alive when we are gone. It is better to concentrate on not dying out in the first place.

（1）How many opinions are mentioned in Para.2?

A. One.

B. Two.

C. Three.

D. Four.

（2）What does the underlined phrase "similar things" in Para 3 probably refer to?

A. Making lost wisdom alive again.

B. Rescuing disappearing knowledge.

C. Preserving future knowledge.

D. Gaining new knowledge.

（3）How can we make knowledge survive?

A. We know a lot about human beings.

B. We learn ways to draw conclusions.

C. We have a certain cultural continuity.

D. We protect the legacy of other humans.

（4）What's mainly talked about in the text?

A. Can human beings live on?

B. Will our knowledge survive us?

C. What will the earth be like in the future?

D. How can we protect our culture?

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文讲述的是，我们的智慧将会幸存吗？

(1)推理判断题。根据第二段Knowledge requires a knower, and there will be no knowing minds around then. But if information survives, perhaps in books or hard drives, maybe the knowledge isn't quite dead but dormant(休眠), ready to become alive with the help of other minds that

develop over time or come to visit Earth in the distant future.可知，在第二段中提出了两种建议，故答案为B

(2)词义猜测题。根据第三段中第二、三句For example, we saved an ancient computer from a ship destroyed at sea off the southern coast of Greece, and succeeded in finding the meaning of Egyptian hieroglyphics(象形文字). Careful work can bring previously lost wisdom back to life.通过例子说明，细心的工作可以将以前失去的智慧带回生活。由此推知，上句At first sight, that seems to be reasonable: after all, we have done similar things with past knowledge.中划线部分的意思是，让失去的智慧活跃起来。故选A。

(3)细节理解题。根据第四段第一句However, the key point is that there is a certain cultural continuity with those ancient times that allows us to reason and make progress in the dark: we know we are dealing with the legacy(遗产)of other humans.可知，我们有一定的文化延续性能使知识幸存。故选C。

(4)主旨大意题。根据第一段The year 3700, Earth is far too hot for any human to call it home. On this planet at least, man is nothing more than a memory--if there is anything left to remember the "wise man". But what about our wisdom--will any of it survive us?可知，本文讲述的是，我们的智慧将会幸存吗？根据句意可知答案为B

【点评】考查阅读理解，涉及推理判断、猜测词义、细节理解、主旨大意题。阅读时要注意作者说明事物采用的是什么方式。例如：举例、分类还是对比。无论采用什么方法，作者都是为了说明事物的本质特征，清晰地展现说明的事物。理清了脉络，就能理解文章，抓住原文中的信息点，并且和选项进行同意转换。

8．阅读理解

In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an international festival of music, dance and theatre in Edinburgh. The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.

It quickly attracted famous names such as Alec Guinness, Richard Burton, Dame Margot Fonteyn and Marlene Dietrich as well as the big symphony orchestras(交响乐团). It became a fixed event every August and now attracts 400,000 people yearly.

At the same time, the "Fringe" appeared as a challenge(挑战) to the official festival. Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947, in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform, and they did so in a public house disused for years.

Soon, groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University, and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little -- known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh.

Today the "Fringe", once less recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre, music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts. And yet as early as 1959, with only 19 theatre groups performing, some said it was getting too big.

A paid administrator(行政人员) was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight

administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself. In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries. More than 1.25 million tickets were sold.

（1）What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning?

A.To bring Europe together again.

B.To honor heroes of World War II.

C.To introduce young theatre groups.

D.To attract great artists from Europe.

（2）Why did some uninvited theatre groups come to Edinburgh in 1947?

A.They owned a public house there.

B.They came to take up a challenge.

C.They thought they were also famous.

D.They wanted to take part in the festival.

（3）What does the "Fringe" mean in the third paragraph?

A.unpopular groups

B.non-official groups

C.foreign groups

D.local groups

（4）We may learn from the text that Edinburgh Festival .

A.has become a non-official event

B.has gone beyond an art festival

C.gives shows all year round

D.keeps growing rapidly

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了爱丁堡音乐节形成和发展，包括对创设目的，参与群体，发展规模等方面进行了简要而准确的叙述，回顾了爱丁堡音乐节的发展历程。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.”可知，这个Edinburgh Festival是为了在二战后重新团结欧洲。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947, in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform,” 可知这些队伍认为每个人都有表演的权力，所以他们想要参加节日。故选D。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“At the same time, the ‘Fringe’ appeared as a challenge(挑战) to the official festival. ”可知Fringe 与official是相对的；再根据“Eight theatre groups turned up？”以及第四段中的“Soon, groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University, and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to per form ”可知很多团体和大学生也参与了

进来，所以Fringe译为非正式的，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“ today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself. In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups fro m 50 different countries. ”可知它发展的非常快。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

Sweetest Day is always the third Saturday in October. This holiday is much more important in some regions than in others (Detroit, Cleveland and Buffalo being the biggest Sweetest Day cities). It is a holiday that is gaining in popularity every year throughout the country.

Sweetest Day is celebrated on the third Saturday in October as a day to make someone happy. It is an occasion which offers all of us an opportunity to remember not only the sick, aged, and orphaned, but also friends, relatives and associates whose helpfulness and kindness we have enjoyed.

Over 60 years ago, a Cleveland man, believing that the city's orphans and shut-ins (卧病在床的人) too often felt forgotten and neglected, formed the idea of showing them that they were remembered. He did this through the distribution(分发) of small gifts. With the help of his friends and neighbors, he distributed these small remembrances on a Saturday in October. During the years that followed, other Clevelanders began to participate in the celebration ceremony, which came to be called "Sweetest Day". In time, the Sweetest Day idea of spreading cheer to the underprivileged(弱势群体)was broadened to include everyone, and became an occasion for remembering others with a kind act or a small remembrance. And soon the idea spread to other cities all over the country.

Sweetest Day is not based on any single group's religious belief or on a family relationship. It is a reminder that a thoughtful word or deed enriches life and gives it meaning. Because for many people remembering takes the form of gift-giving, Sweetest Day offers us the opportunity to show others that we care, in a practical way.

（1）Which of the following is TRUE according to the first paragraph?

A.More and more people are now celebrating Sweetest Day in the whole country.

B.Sweetest Day is a holiday which always falls on the Saturday in October.

C.Sweetest Day is much more important in big cities than in small cities.

D.Only a few religious have the tradition to celebrate the holiday.

（2）The idea of creating Sweetest Day came from _____.

A.the city's orphans and shut-ins

B.a city named Cleveland 60 years ago

C.a man who cared orphans and shut-ins

D.a man's friends, relatives and associates

（3）Sweetest Day is celebrated in the following ways EXCEPT _____.

A.a kind act

B.a family party

C.gift-giving

D.a small remembrance

（4）From the third paragraph we can learn that _____.

A.it is the people in Cleveland who spread Sweetest Day to other cities

B.only with the help of the man's friends and neighbors, he got a small remembrance

C.over 60 years ago, a man too often felt forgotten and neglected

D.all people loved to be remembered by others on Sweetest Day in Cleveland

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国的甜蜜日。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“It is a holiday that is gaining in popularity every year throughout the country.”可知，甜蜜日是一个在全国每年都越来越受欢迎的节日。故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Over 60 years ago, a Cleveland man, believing that the city's orphans and shut-ins (卧病在床的人) too often felt forgotten and neglected, formed the idea of showing them that they were remembered.” 60多年前，一个克利夫兰人认为，这个城市的孤儿和被关在家里的人常常感到被遗忘和忽视，于是产生了这样一个想法：让他们知道，他们被人记挂着。由此可以推断出，创造甜蜜日的想法来自一个关心孤儿和自闭的人。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“He did this through the distribution(分发) of small gift”以及“In time, the Sweetest Day idea of spreading cheer to the underprivileged(弱势群体)was broadened to include everyone, and became an occasion for remembering others with a kind act or a small remembrance.”可知，庆祝甜蜜日可以通过送小礼物，小小的纪念品或者善意的行为。文章中并没有提可以通过家庭聚会的方式来庆祝。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“In time, the Sweetest Day idea of spreading cheer to the underprivileged(弱势群体)was broadened to include everyone, and became an occasion for remembering others with a kind act or a small remembrance. And soon the idea spread to other cities all over the country.”随着时间的推移，向弱势群体传播欢乐的最甜蜜的一天的想法被扩大到包括所有人，并成为用善意的行为或小小的纪念来纪念他人的一个场合。很快这个想法就传遍了全国其他城市。由此可以推断出，是克利夫兰的人民把最甜蜜日传播到其他城市。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

After shopping for deals in stores on "Black Friday", or online on "Cyber Monday", Americans and people worldwide are preparing for newly popular "Giving Tuesday". Starting in 2012, now

the global event that is celebrated annually on the Tuesday after Thanksgiving is the brainchild of 92nd Street Y, a cultural center in New York City and United Nations Foundation.

As the name indicates, Giving Tuesday is meant to restart the charitable season and therefore observed by raising funds for local nonprofits and schools, organizing food and clothing drives, and conducting random acts of kindness. In 2015, 700, 000 people from 71 countries came together to donate $116.7 million in cash. An additional $1.08 million was spent on gifts.

While the easiest way to participate is by donating to your favorite charity, this day can be celebrated in many other ways too. You can give back by volunteering at your local shelter or food bank, or even by donating blood. If all else fails, a purchase from the growing number of organizations that give a portion of their sales to charity will do the trick.

But perhaps the best way to celebrate the day is by helping those nearest and dearest to you. Assist a family member with a simple chore like folding laundry, cooking dinner, or even reading to a younger sibling. No matter what you do, be sure to share you good deed on social media and inspire others to celebrate Giving Tuesday as well!

（1）Which of the following has the shortest history?

A. Black Friday

B. Giving Tuesday

C. Thanksgiving Day

D. Cyber Monday

（2）What's the main purpose of "Giving Tuesday"?

A. To make Thanksgiving Day enjoyable

B. To get voluntary work better known

C. To encourage more people to do charities

D. To persuade more people to shop online

（3）Why does the author advise sharing good deeds on social media?

A. To keep a record of one's experience

B. To help people make new friends

C. To donate money to local schools

D. To make Giving Tuesday more popular

（4）Which section of a website does the next probably come from?

A. Education

B. Culture

C. Lifestyle

D. Business

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Giving Tuesday （给予星期二）。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“After shopping for deals in stores on ‘Black Friday’, or online on ‘Cyber Monday’, Americans and people worldwide are preparing for newly popular ‘Giving Tuesday’"可知在"黑色星期五"或"网络星期一"购物后，美国人和世界各地的人都在为新流行的"给予星期二"做准备，"给予星期二"是一个新流行，说明它最近才出现，应该是历史最短的，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“As the name indicates, Giving Tuesday is meant to restart the charitable season and therefore observed by raising funds for local nonprofits and schools, organizing food and clothing drives, and conducting random acts of kindness.”可知 "给予星期二"是为了重新启动慈善活动季，因此，人们会为当地的非营利组织和学校筹集资金，组织食品和衣物捐赠活动，并进行一些随机的善举。这说明这个活动主要是为了鼓励人们做慈善，故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“No matter what you do, be sure to share you good deed on social media and inspire others to celebrate Giving Tuesday as well!”可知作者鼓励无论人们做什么，一定要在社交媒体上分享他们的善行，并鼓励其他人也庆祝"给予星期二"!这说明作者鼓励人们在社交媒体分享善行就是为了让越来越多的人参与到这个活动，让这个活动更受欢迎，故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。本文介绍了"给予星期二"这一活动，人们会在这一天进行各种慈善活动，这反映了社会价值，是一种社会文化，所以最后可能来自网站的文化板块，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。