2019届高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解推理判断题专练(一)细节推断类
2019届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解推理判断题专练（一）细节推断
类
(2017·云南省昆明市高三复习教学质量检测)
The Masai are a people who are constantly trying to preserve their own ways in an increasingly modern world. They live along the border of Kenya and Tanzania, moving their homes from time to time to follow their cattle, the source of their living.
The Masai have become known as a people of fighters, protecting their cattle against lions and other enemies. Only men are fighters. They wear long hair, which is colored red with clay. They can have more than one wife. Women build and take care of the home, fixing food and making clothing. Women and children keep their heads shaved. Women can also become elders,_once they have given birth to four healthy children.
The Masai depend on their cattle for many parts of their life. They drink cow's milk and blood as sacred drinks. They use the cows' waste to cover and seal their homes. They don't kill their cattle for food, but if a cow is killed, then the horns (角) are used for containers; the hides are used to make shoes, clothing, ropes and bed coverings; and the bones are made into decorations.
The more cattle a man owns, the richer he is considered to be. A man who owns 50 or fewer cattle is considered poor. A “rich” man has a thousand or more. The cattle, though owned by the man, are considered to belong to the man's entire family. The family names the cattle and can recognize each animal's unique voice.
Masai houses are made from sticks and grass, but they are meant to be temporary, since the move of their cattle means that the Masai move as well.
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了马赛人的情况。
【难句分析】The Masai are a people who are constantly trying to preserve their own ways in an increasingly modern world.
分析：该句为主从复合句，句中who are constantly trying to preserve their own ways in an increasingly modern world为who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词people。
译文：马赛族是一个在越来越现代化的社会中持续努力保持他们自己的生活方式的民族。
1．What is Masai women's daily work at home?
A．They protect the cattle from being hunted.
B．They give birth to babies and bring them up.
C．They look after as well as naming their cattle.
D．They mainly deal with various housework.
解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第二段的第五句“Women build and take care of the home, fixing food and making clothing”可知，马赛族的妇女在家看护房子，准备饭菜并且做衣服；据此可知，马赛族的妇女日常主要负责家务活；故D项正确。
2．When do the Masai move from one place to another?
A．They move when they have over a thousand cattle.
B．They move once there are 4 children in the family.
C．They move when their cattle need new food sources.
D．They move after their houses are not strong enough.
解析：C 考查推理判断。根据第一段第二句中的“moving their hom es from time to time to follow their cattle, the source of their living”并结合最后一段可知，马赛人跟着他们的牛而迁移，由此可以判断，当牛需要新的食物来源时，马赛人就会迁移。故C项正确。
3．What does the underlined word “elders” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Aged citizens. B．Respected people.
C．Brave fighters. D．Wealthy hostesses.
解析：B 考查词义猜测。根据第二段最后一句中的“once they have given birth to four healthy children”可以判断，如果女子能生育四个健康的孩子，则她将成为人们尊敬的人。画线词意为“令人尊敬的人”，故B项正确。
干扰项分析：A项意为“老年市民”，C项意为“勇敢的战斗者”，D项意为“富裕的女主人”，都与语境不符。
4．It can be inferred from the text that ________.
A．the Masai raise the cattle mainly for their meat
B．lions are the primary enemies of the Masai
C．the Masai are living a life in a modern way
D．the total of the Masai's cattle decides their status
解析：D 考查推理判断。根据第四段的第一句“The more cattle a man owns, the richer he is cons idered to be”可知，一个人拥有的牛越多，他就被认为越富有，据此可以判断，马赛人拥有的牛的数量决定了他们的社会地位，故D项正确。
干扰项分析：根据第三段第四句中的“They don't, kill their cattle for food”可知，他们不会因为要吃肉而杀牛，故A项与文意相反；根据第二段的第一句可知，B项错误；根据第一段的第一句“The Masai are a people who are constantly trying to preserve
their own ways in an increasingly modern world”可知，马赛人在越来越现代化的社会中持续努力保持他们自己的生活方式，故C项与文意相反。
B
(2017·河南洛阳高三第一次统考)
All over the world mothers and fathers teach their children manners. Other children may have manners that are not like yours. There are all kinds of manners.
Many years ago, children who had good manners were seen and not heard. They kept quite quiet if grown-ups were talking. Today, well-mannered children have more freedom.
Sometimes good manners in one place are bad manners in other places. Suppose you are a visitor in the land of Mongolia. Some friends ask you to eat with them. What kind of manners do they want you to have? They want you to give a loud “burp (打嗝)” after you finish eating. Burping would show that you like your food. In some countries, if you give a loud burp, you are told to say “Excuse me, please.” In many places people like to eat together. But in some parts of Polynesia it is bad manners to be seen eating at all. People show good manners by turning their backs on others while they eat. What are manners like in an East African town? The people try not to see you. They are being polite. You may see a friend. He may not see you at all. If you are polite, you will sit down beside him. You will wait until he finishes what he is doing. Then he will talk to you. Suppose you visit a friend in Arabia. You should walk behind the other tents until you come to his tent. If you pass in front of the other tents, you will be asked into each one. The people will ask you to eat with them. And it is bad manners if you say no.
Manners are different all over the world. But it is good to know that all manners begin in the same way. People need ways to show that they want to be friends.
【解题导语】本文主要介绍了世界上一些地方的礼仪。
5．How did polite children behave?
A．By looking into adults' eyes while talking.
B．By keeping silent while adults were talking.
C．By slipping into the house without being heard.
D．By not opening their mouths until spoken to.
解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第二段的第二句“They kept quite quiet if grown-ups were talking”可知，过去，在大人们说话时，儿童保持沉默是一种礼貌的行为。
干扰项分析：A项错在在谈话时，看着大人的眼睛，文章中并没有提到；C项错在在不
被听到的情况下悄悄溜进屋里，文章中也没有提到；D项错在直到有人跟自己说话才开口说话，故排除。
6．Which custom should we follow in order to look well-mannered?
A．Saying “Excuse me” on burping in Mongolia.
B．Inviting guests to dinner together in Polynesia.
C．Talking with a friend before he completes things in East Africa.
D．Accepting an eating invitation in Arabia.
解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第三段的最后两句“The people will ask you to eat with them. And it is bad manners if you say no”可知，接受阿拉伯人一起吃饭的邀请是礼貌的行为。
干扰项分析：在Mongolia饭后打嗝是一种礼貌的行为，说明你喜欢对方提供的食物；根据第三段的“But in some parts of Polynesia it is bad manners to be seen eating at all”可知，在Polynesia，邀请客人一起吃饭是不礼貌的行为，故B项错误；根据第三段的“You will wait until he finishes what he is doing”可知，在东非，静静地坐在朋友身旁并等他忙完是礼貌的做法，故排除C项。
7．What can we infer from the text?
A．Hear much, speak little.
B．Love me, love my dog.
C．When in Rome do as the Romans do.
D．Do what you ought to and come what can.
解析：C 考查推理判断。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段的第一句“Manners are different all over the world”可推知，礼仪因地域而各有不同，因此最好的做法是入乡随俗。
C
(2017·江西名校联盟5月检测)
Biologist Robert Pitman and his colleagues tracked orcas, or killer whales, and humpback whales off the coast of Western Australia. To research further, the scientists attached a tracker to a female orca, which allowed them to use satellites to monitor her movements. They followed her for six days. During time, the orca attacked eight young humpback whales. During the seven attacks, the orca killed the humpback whale calf (幼兽) on three occasions.
But the story doesn't end there. Humpback whales themselves are popularly thought to be large but generally, passive creatures. Pitman's study findings may let people think otherwise.
When chased by orcas, humpback whales are known to try to outswim orcas. They are thought to do this at high speed so that the orcas can't keep up. On some occasions, the humpback whales sought out protection. They swam to shallow water, nearby reefs, or even under the researchers' boats. These ways often reduced the attack. But at other times, the humpback whales decided to stay and fight.
As the orcas approached, the mother humpback would sometimes move her calf to her side, or lift it out of the water using her head or flippers. She also blew huge breaths of air to disturb the orcas, and lunged or charged at them, slashing (劈) and slapping her tail and flippers. Perhaps most surprisingly, humpback whales also have adult “escorts (护卫队)” that try to protect calves that are not their own, joining the mother in defending the smaller whale. These escort whales either charged at the orcas, or placed themselves between the attackers and calves, slashing their tails and flippers.
Despite the efforts of the mother whales and escorts, the orcas were more often than not successful in their attacks. But the presence of the escorts did reduce how many times a whale calf was killed.
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是科学家使用科学仪器来观察杀人鲸是如何追杀驼背鲸及后者是如何反击和保护幼小的驼背鲸的。
【难句分析】To research further, the scientists attached a tracker to a female orca, which allowed them to use satellites to monitor her movements.
分析：本句为复合句。主句为To research further, the scientists attached a tracker to a female orca。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tracker。
译文：为了作进一步的研究，科学家把一个追踪器固定在一头母杀人鲸上，该追踪器使得科学家能够使用卫星来监控母杀人鲸的活动。
8．What's the purpose of the scientists' further research?
A．To keep a record of whales'living habits.
B．To observe orcas' hunting humpback whales.
C．To see what life-or-death battles whales may face.
D．To find out the techniques orcas use when hunting.
解析：B 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段中的“To research further... to use satellites to monitor her movements. They followed her for six days. During that time, the orca attacked eight young humpback whales...”可知，科学家进行进一步研究的目的是观察杀人鲸追杀驼背鲸的活动。故选B。
9．Why did the humpback whales swim to shallow water?
A．To avoid being attacked.
B．To hunt for food.
C．To protect their young.
D．To trick the chasers.
解析：A 考查细节理解。根据文章第三段中的“On some occasions, the humpback whales sought out protection. They swam to shallow water, nearby reefs, or even under the researchers' boats”可知，驼背鲸游至浅水区是出于自身的安全考虑，为了避免被攻击。故选A。
10．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4?
A．Why humpback whales fall victim to orcas.
B．How humpback whales protect their calves.
C．The great mother love of humpback whales.
D．Smaller humpback whales' ways of surviving.
解析：B 考查主旨要义。根据第四段的内容可知，本段主要讲的是在面对杀人鲸的攻击时，驼背鲸是如何进行反击来保护自己的幼崽的。故B项最能概括本段的主旨要义。
11．What does Pitman's study find?
A．Orcas are successful in their attacks.
B．It's not easy for orcas to obtain food.
C．Humpback whales swim faster than orcas.
D．Humpback whales could be active animals.
解析：D 考查推理判断。第二段提到“Humpback whales themselves a re popularly thought to be large but generally, passive creatures. Pitman's study findings may let people think otherwise”，驼背鲸一般被认为是大型的但是通常被动的生物，Pitman 的研究发现可能会让人不这么认为。下文接着讲了面对杀人鲸的攻击时，驼背鲸所采取的一些应对方式，其中包含积极迎击。故选D。
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2019高考英语阅读理解-推理判断题（含解析） 一、阅读理解 1.根据短文理解，选择正确答案。 Here are six steps to better studying. Pay attention in class Do you have trouble paying attention in class? Are you sitting next to a loud person? Tell your teacher or parents about any problem that is preventing you from paying attention. Take good notes Write down facts that your teacher mentions or writes on the board. Try to use good handwriting so you can read your notes later. It's a good idea to keep your notes organized by subject. Plan ahead for tests and projects Waiting until Thursday night to study for Friday's test will make it hard to do your best. One of the best ways to make sure that doesn't happen is to plan ahead. Write down your test dates. You can then plan how much to do after school each day, and how much time to spend on each topic. Break it up When there's a lot to study, it can help to break things into several parts. Let's say you have a spelling test on 20 words. Instead of thinking about all of the words at once, try breaking them down into five-word groups and work on one or two different groups each night. Ask for help You can't study effectively if you don't understand the material. Be sure to ask your teacher for help. If you're at home when the confusion occurs, your mom or dad might be able to help. Sleep tight So the test is tomorrow and you've followed your study plan—but suddenly you can't remember anything! Don't panic. Your brain needs time to digest all the information you've given it. Try to get a good night's sleep and you'll be surprised by what comes back to you in the morning. （1）We know from the passage that a loud person is ________. A. a student who always answers questions loudly in class B. someone who likes to talk with others in a loud voice C. a student who likes speaking with others in class D. a person who makes a lot of noise in public places （2）If you don't understand what you have learnt, you can ________. A. read your notes over and over again B. turn to people around you for help C. put aside the material for later review D. ask your teacher to explain it the next day （3）By saying “Sleep tight”, what does the author mean?
行测-演绎推理题型分析及解题技巧总结
1、演绎推理题型分析及解题技巧总结 所谓推理，是指由一个或几个已知的判断推导出另外一个新的判断的思维形式。一切推理都必须由前提和结论两部分组成。一般来说，作为推理依据的已知判断称为前提，所推导出的新的判断则称为结论。推理大体分为直接推理和间接推理。 只有一个前提的推理叫直接推理。例如：有的高三学生是共产党员，所以有的共产党员是高三学生。 一般有两个或两个以上前提的推理就是间接推理。例如：贪赃枉法的人必会受到惩罚，你们一贯贪赃枉法，所以今天你们终于受到法律的制裁和人民的惩罚。 一般说，间接推理又可以分为演绎推理、归纳推理和类比推理等三种形式。 1、演绎推理及其分类 所谓演绎推理，是指从一般性的前提得出了特殊性的结论的推理。例如：贪赃枉法的人是必定会受到惩罚的，你们一贯贪赃枉法，所以，你们今天是必定要受到法律的制裁、人民的惩罚的。这里，“贪赃枉法的人是必定会受到惩罚的”是一般性前提，“你们一贯贪赃枉法”是特殊性前提。根据这两个前提推出”你们今天是必定要受到法律的制裁和人民的惩罚的”这个特殊性的结论。 演绎推理可分为三段论、假言推理和选言推理。 1、三段论 (1)所谓三段论是推理中最普通的一种形式。它由三个简单判断组成，其中两个是前提，一个是结论。例如：不法分子都害怕法律的制裁（大前提）；杀人犯是不法分子（小前提）；所以杀人犯害怕法律的制裁（结论）。 (2)三段论的推理一般有三个特点： ①有三个判断； ②每个判断都有两个概念，整个推理共有三个不同的概念，每个概念都出现两次； ③在前提中都有一个概念起媒介的作用。 在逻辑学中，阐述三段论时，概念和判断都有一定的名称。即，在作结论的判断中的谓项称为大项（P）；作主项的称为小项（S）；在结论中不出现，在前提中起媒介作用的称为中项（M）。一般，包含大项的判断称为大前提，包含小项的判断称为小前提。 (3)我们在运用三段论时，还要遵守三个原则： ①一个三段论必须（也只能）有三个概念，特别是中项必须是同一概念，否则就会产生错误（通常把这种错误说为“偷换概念”）。例如：茅盾著作不是几天可以读完的；《白杨礼赞》是茅盾著作；所以，《白杨礼赞》不是几天可以读完的。 这里，在大前提中的“茅盾著作”指所有茅盾著作构成的总体，而小前提中的“茅盾著作”则是茅盾许多著作中的一种具体的著作，两者含义不同，已经不是三个概念，而是变成了四个概念，致使推理产生了错误。 ②中项在前提中至少周延一次。周延是在一个判断中对于主项和谓项是否全部断定，如全部断定就是周延，否则就是不周延。如果违反这条规则，就会犯“中项不周延”的错误。例如：劳模都参加了这次代表大会；刘波参加了这次代表大会；所以，刘波是劳模。 在这个推理中，大前提里，中项并没有全部断定，因为参加代表大会的并不一定都是劳模。在小前提里，中项也没有完全断定，因为出席代表大会的肯定不是只有刘波一个人。由于在大小前提中，中项都是不周延，所以，这个推理犯了“中项不周延”的错误（逻辑错误）。 ③在大前提中不周延的概念，在结论中也不能周延。否则就会造成“不当周延”的错误。例如：书记是做人的思想工作的；她不是书记；所以，她不是做人的思想工作的。在这个推理
2018版高考英语二轮(专用)训练题：推理判断题
专题限时集训(四) 阅读理解 训练4 推理判断题(Ⅰ) (对应学生用书第141页) A【导学号：38144027】 (2017·浙江金丽衢十二校联考二) I had prided myself on being unattached to any device before I got a smartphone. It's not a very fancy smartphone，but I was lost.It was used during commercial breaks，the line at the bank，the three minutes it takes for the popcorn to pop... I broke the most sacred technology rule I had with my kids —not in the bedroom.I didn't just take my smartphone in the bedroom.I charged it there. Soon，that device was the first thing that I grabbed after waking —checking the weather，the news，my e-mails，my messages，all before going to the bedroom or letting out the dog. Eventually，it moved from my purse to my pocket.I knew its weight and I knew when it was missing. There is a lot of downtime as a parent.I used to keep a book with me for these times; now I keep the smartphone.I opened apps without conscious thought－tap，tap，refresh，refresh...Even looking up when I was watching a game on a sports field became a challenge. Recently，I was waiting for my younger child's soccer game to start，trying to answer e-mails，text my husband，and update a website.The phone lost its signals before my updating the website. I drove home and made a beeline for the laptop.My oldest child sat across from me. I asked the standard Mom-question half-heartedly，half-listening as she responded.She was talking about some music opportunity，something she was excited about.I glanced up from my screen and saw her looking right at me. I started apologizing，but she smiled：“My friends are much better at multitasking online.”
2015考研英语阅读 推理判断题考点归纳
2015考研英语阅读推理判断题考点归纳 1、推理判断题的标志：infer，imply，suggest，All of the following/statements……NOT true/ correct/ mentioned EXCEPT 2. 应该每个选项都返回原文，找出出处 考生经常会在这种题型出错，其实主要就源于一个“懒”。 推理判断题经常四个选项是四个很长的句子，而且极有可能对应原文中截然不同的四个地方，考生就没有耐性一一定位。这是一种错误的方法，考生一定要每个选项都返回原文，找到相对应的考点。笔者接下来就考研经常在推理判断题中出现的考点做一个归纳总结。 A）正话反说： 这是考研的一个难点，即作者实际表达的意思和你读到的字面意思是相反的。很多考生没有真正理解文章意思，只停留在字面意思的理解，经常会选错答案。而正话反说又可以分为以下几类： Should：应该怎样？也就意味着实际上并没有那么干，也就是作者想表达的意思和字面意思相反。 It looks/sounds like/as if：看/听上去好像，实际并不是。如大纲样题（1997年真题第5篇）的首句“Much of the language used to describe monetary policy，such as ”steering the economy to a soft landing“ or ”a touch on the brakes“，makes it sound like a precise science.”下划线的字面意思直译“使之听上去好像一门精确的科学”，作者实际表达的意思货币政策并不是一门精确的科学。 虚拟语气：虚拟以所谓的反事实假设，即作者是既表达的意思和字面意思相反。如1996年第五篇的末句“And so it does - and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.”本句话字面意思直译是“如果理性成为创世论和进化论这场争 议的惟一评判标准，那么一切都会变得好了”，作者实际表达的意思就是理性既不是惟一评判标准，而今天情况也并不好。 让步论述：让步论述就是先假设作者观点负面成立，从而引发出一系列荒谬的、不合理的结局，倒过来再次论证作者自身观点的正确性。因为有假设能成立的过程，事实上并不能成立，因此字面意思和实际意思依然是相反的。如大纲样题（1997年第5篇）首段“Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen，a cracked rearview mirror and a faulty stee ring wheel.”如果把货币政策比成开汽车的话（前文论证过货币政策不能比喻成开汽车，这里就是假设其观点的负面成立），那么你就是开着一辆前挡风玻璃是黑的，后视镜是碎的，方向盘是坏的车（荒谬的不合理的结局）。倒过来论证货币政策不能比成开汽车。
阅读理解推理判断题的答题技巧
阅读理解推理判断题的答题技巧 主要考查学生对文章中隐含或深层的含意的理解能力。它要求考生根据文章内容做出合乎逻辑的推断，包括考生对作者观点的理解，态度的判断，对修辞、语气、隐含意思等的理解。题干关键词：infer(推断),indicate(象征；暗 示),imply/suggest(暗示),conclude(作出结论),assume(假定，设想)。 1.细节推理判断题 一般可根据短文提供的信息或借助生活常识进行推理判断，常见命题形式有： Itcanbeinferred/concludedfromthetextthat_____. Theauthorimplies/suggeststhat_____. Wemayinferthat_____. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisimpliedbutNOTstated? 2.预测推理判断题 根据语篇对文章接下来的内容或可能的结局进行猜测，常见命题形式有： Whatdoyouthinkwillhap penif/when…? Attheendofthispassage,thewritermightcontinuetowrite_____. 3.推测文章来源或读者对象 常见命题形式有：
Thepassageisprobablytakeoutof_____. Thepassagewouldmostlikelybefoundin_____. Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom? 4.写作意图、目的、态度推断题 作者的语气态度往往不会直接写在文章里，只能通过细读文章，从作者的选词及其修饰手段中体会出来。 询问写作目的的题，选项里常出现的词是：explain(解 释),prove(证明),persuade(劝说),advise(劝告),comment(评论),praise(赞扬),criticize(批评),entertain(娱 乐),demonstrate(举例说明),argue(辩论),tell(讲述),analyze(分析)等。 询问语气态度的题，选项里常出现的词是：neutral(中立的),sympathetic(同情的),satisfied(满意的),friendly(友好 的),enthusiastic(热情的),subjective(主观的),objective(客观的),matter-of-fact(实事求是的),pessimistic(悲观 的),optimistic(乐观的),critical(批评的),doubtful(怀疑 的),hostile(敌对的),indifferent(冷淡的),disappointed(失望的)。常见命题形式有： Thepurposeofthetextis_____. Whatisthemainpurposeoftheauthorwritingthetext? Bymentioning…,theauthoraimstoshowthat_____. Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowards…?
高三英语阅读理解-推理判断题解题策略+
高三英语阅读理解推理判断题命题方式与技巧点拨 高考英语阅读理解考纲关于阅读理解部分考纲要求： 阅读部分要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说 明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具 体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。 高考英语阅读理解常见的设题形式有：细节理解题、推理判断题、词意猜测题、主 旨大意题。本节主要解决推理判断题解题策略。 推理判断题解题指导： ■考点突破 一、命题方式： 推理判断是指在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的 暗示，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。主要考查 考生理清上下文逻辑关系的能力以及考生的识别能力。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中 某一句话，也可能是某几句话，要求考生在遵循原文意义的基础上，对文章字面信息进 行分析、挖掘、逻辑推理，揭示其深层含义。 推理判断题的命题区间往往出现在以下几个方面： ◆文章或者段落的首尾部分。这一部分往往会引出文章的主题，总结全文或者全段 内容，通常也会设计推理判断题； ◆引言部分。议论文或者说明文中作者经常引用他人语言来支撑自己的观点，引用 的内容可能从正面或者反面来支持作者的观点，引文的字里行间隐含的渗透的内容往往 也是命题人设题的依据； ◆结论建议处。命题人往往在文章中出现the study suggests, the research indicates, the report shows 等类似结论、建议性表达方式时，此处通常是文章中提到的研究结果或者报 告的结论，命题人往往在此设置推理判断题 ◆表达观点态度处。在作者表达观点态度的地方往往设置推理判断题。文中出现 doubt, appreciate, hate, prefer ,against等表达观点态度的部分，以及一些带有感情色彩的特 殊句式，例如感叹句、反问句等。 1.细节推断 细节推断要求考生根据文章内容，推断具体的细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人 物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。考生 要把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，然后作出判断。题干中常出现infer（推断），indicate（象征，暗示），imply（暗示），suggest（暗示）.conclude（作出结论），assume （假定，设想）等词。主要设题方式有： It can be inferred from the passage that________. The author strongly suggests that________ It can be concluded from the passage that________. The writer implies but not directly states that________
高考英语阅读理解之推理判断题
解密阅读理解之推理判断题 考点详解 推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的设题。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写(paraphrase)或综合。常见的题干有： 1. It can be inferred from the text that… 2. We can conclude that… 3. When the writer talks about..., what he really means is that… 4. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? 从历年的高考阅读理解题分析来看，推理判断题所占的比例大概在7％-10％，一般可以归纳为五大题型：细节推断题、因果推断题、人物性格、预测想象推理题和写作意图推测题。下面就这五大类型的题目进行剖析： 题型一细节推断题： 常见的设问方式： It can be inferred from the passage/text that_________. The author mainly suggests that ________. It can be concluded from the passage that_______. The writer implies but not directly states _______. What does the author imply about newspapers? 细节判断题属于深层理解题，要求根据语篇内容，推断具体细节。做此类题目关键是要正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，要忠实于原文，千万不能主观臆断，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。 干扰项特点：
如何做高中英语阅读理解中的推理判断题 教案
Reading Comprehension —how to make inferences By Sun Yunping Gaoyou City No.1 Middle School Teaching aim: To i mprove the students’ ability of make inferences Teaching difficult point: How to improve the students’ ability of doing task-based reading Teaching aid: Multimedia Teaching procedures: Step One: Lead-in Have a free talk with students and find out the difficulty that they have in doing reading Comprehension. 1.How much time do you usually spend on this exam item? 2. 解读20XX年高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求 要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章并回答相关问题。考生应能： １、理解语篇主旨要义； ２、理解文中具体信息； ３、根据上下文推断生词的词义； ４、作出简单判断和理解； ５、理解文章的基本结构； ６、理解作者的意图和态度; 7 、根据所读，用恰当的词语补全文章提纲、概括关键内容或作关键词词语转换。3．How many question types are there in this exam item? 事实细节型；词义猜测型；主旨大意型；推理判断型 Step Two: Finding out ways Give students a sample and then help them get the relative ways to solve each question type. Then let them do some practice. 1).How to infer the implied meanings(推断隐含意义) 【Sample】 It is fun to turn over a big rock on the beach. Make sure you turn the rock back to the position it was in after you moved it. If you don’t turn it back over, all the sea animals under it or clinging to（依附）the underside will die. You can tell that rocks ________.(B) A. hurt sea animals B. protect sea animals C. won’t be found on beaches D. can’t be found on beaches
高中英语阅读理解专题--推理判断题
阅读理解专题--推理判断题 一、如何推断隐含意义 Passage 1. Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall? Did it sound like a clock? If so, it may have been made by a beetle. Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die. Thus the beetle is called "the deathwatch beetle." （1分钟） ●The sound of this beetle ________. A. pleased people. B. surprised people. C. frightened people. D. excited people. Passage 2. It is said that people should take a lesson from the clock. The clock passes the time by keeping its hands busy. People who do what the clock does also pass the time by keeping their hands busy and not by sleeping the time away. （1.5分钟） ●From the text you can tell that busy people______ A. act like clocks. B. sleep the time away. C. don't do what clocks do. D. don't have hands. Passage 3. Several different bison species have lived on the North American continent since the Ice Age; today only two exist. The wood bison is the larger of the two, and is now found mostly in western Canada. Better known in the United States is the Plains bison, or buffalo. At one time, herds of these animals could be sighed almost everywhere from the Appalachian Mountains in the East to the Rocky Mountains in the West. （2分钟） ●The author implies that several types of bison______. A. live outside the United Stated and Canada B. are well adapted to swampy terrain（沼泽地带） C. existed before the Ice Age D. have been killed or have died out 二、如何推断作者观点和态度： Passage 4. Why isn’t your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read about is murder, bribery(行贿)，and death. Frankly，I’m sick of all this bad news. （0.5分钟） ●This author’s attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to _____. A. complain B. apologize C. amuse D. inform Passage 5.（江西卷）Just as crying can be healthy, not crying—holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering—can be bad for physical(身体的) health. Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like cryin g, don’t fight it. It’s a natural—and healthy—emotional response(反应). （2分钟） ●According to the author, which of the following statements is true? A. Crying is the best way to get help from others. B. Fighting back tears may cause some health problems. C. We will never know our deep feelings unless we cry. D. We must cry if we want to reduce pressure. Passage6.Around the world more and more people are taking part in dangerous sports and activities. Of course, there have always been people who have looked for adventure--- those who have climbed the highest mountains, traveled into unknown parts of the world or sailed in small boats across the greatest oceans. Now, however, there are people who look for an