2012年6月大学英语四级训练题参考答案

2012年6月大学英语四级训练题参考答案
2012年6月大学英语四级训练题参考答案

2012年6月大学英语四级训练题参考答案

2012年6月大学英语四级训练题参考答案

作文【答案】

Living alone or Living with Roommates

Nowadays, there has appeared a heated discussion among the college students as to whether they should live alone outside the campus or live together with other roommates in the students’ dormitory. Opinions are divided over the matter.

Those who are in favor of Living alone maintain that it is very convenient to live by themselves. They can enjoy absolute freedom in a room of their own. They can have their own timetable without disturbing others. They are also free to equip the room with a personal computer so that they can have easy access to the Internet. But others argue that living with roommates has attractions of its own. With several students sharing the same room, each person’s experiences can be greatly enriched. They can learn a lot from talking to one another. By learning to tolerate the differences between individuals, they can become more mature.

As far as I’m conce rned, I prefer to live with roommates because I love the feeling of belonging. Besides, it is a lot cheaper to live in a dorm than to rent a apartment outside the campus.

9.选A)。根据上题,这种反应长时间持续的原因就是长时间的面对压力,选项中的exposure“暴露的状态,受影响”符合上下文意思,故选择A)exposure。

10.选K)。此处要填动词原形,和from构成动介搭配。人们应想办法应对压力,而不是将它......出人们的生活。选项中的transfer表示“转移”不符合原文意思;remove“移动,移除”可以和from连用,表示“除掉,移开”,符合原文意思,故选K)。

选词填空(二)【答案】

1. 选J)。此处应填形容词,修饰名次societies。文章第一句就说The typical pre-industrial family...“工业化之前的典型家庭模式......”,即“extended " family 存在于工业化之前的社会,即agricultural society。故J)正确。选项中的primary”最初的,原始的“不符合原文意思。

2. 选A)。由be hard to do sth.可知,此处应填动词原形。They are immobile“这样的家庭很难流动”,这说明这样的家庭are hard to...,选项中由transplant和transport两个动词原形,前者指的是“迁居,迁移”,后者指的是运输,不难推断前者符合原文意思,故A)transplant正确。

3. 选C)。因为这句话的句子结构完整,固此处应填副词。选项中的副词有gradually和continually,原文中...and the so-called "nuclear" family emerged.所谓的“核心家庭”便出现了“,emerge的意思是“浮现" ,强调经过一个过程后出现的。由此可以判断,这句话坏死说明核心家庭从无到有逐渐出现,而不是连续不断地出现,故选择C)gradually>

4. 选O)。该句可拆分理解,即a family unit... of parents and a smell set of children "一个家庭单元......父母和不多的孩子“,由此可以推出这里要填的词是表示”包含,由......组成“的。选项中的including和consisting均可以表示此意,但由原文中的of可排除including,consist of为固定刺诸,故O)为正确答案。

5. 选H)。从原文中的more...than可知,此处应填形容词,构成形容词的比较级结构。由第一段最后一句可知the traditional extended family是immobile,那么新型的家庭模式比旧的因该是更有流动性,故应选H)mobile,说明新型的家庭模式的优点。

6. 选M)。此处应填动词,作这句话的谓语。Super-industrialism“(更发达的)超级工业化”......更具流动性的家庭。可推知空格处应填表示“需要,需求”的词。requires表示出自一种迫切的需要而提出的要求,很明显选择M)requires。

7. 选E)。此处应填形容词,用来修饰名词components。文中说明家庭被减缩到最......的成员,即由男人和女人组成,男人和女人是一个家庭最基本的成

员。选项中的E)elemental“基本的,本质的”,而N)primary“主要的,最早的”,原文强调的是男人和女人是一个家庭最basic的组成部分,故E)更符合原文意思。

8.选l)。此处应填名词。上段说两人家庭的优点,本句中提到rather than childlessness“而不是不要孩子”,说明晚要孩子是解决工作和孩子的折中的办法,故选项中的L)compromise“妥协,折中”符合文意。而solution虽然也表示解决办法,但不能表达夫妇们无可奈何的心情,故排除。

9.选F)。上题中已提到工作和要孩子之间存在矛盾即conflict,根据上下文意思,这个题相对容易。

10.选I)。这段一直在说一个家庭里男人和女人因为工作和要孩子的事情发生争吵,那么将来要解决这个问题的仍然是家庭中的夫妻两人,故这里应填I)couples。

导读:The typical pre-industrial family not only had a good many children, but numerous other dependents as well---grandparents, uncles, aunts and cousions. Such "extended" families were suited for survival in slow paced J)agricultural societies. But such families are hard to A)transplant. They are immobile.(The typical pre-industrial family="extended" family),第一段说明工业化前的大家庭模式的特点:很难流动。)

Industrialism demanded masses of workers ready and able to move off the land in pursuit of jobs, and to move again whenever necessary. Thus the extended family C)gradually shed its excess weight and the so-called "nuclear" family emerged---a stripped-down, portable family unit O)consisting only of parents and a small set of children. This new style family, far more H)mobile than the traditional extended family, became the standard model in all the industrial counties. Super-industrialism, however, the next stage of eco-technological development, M)requires even higher mobility. Thus we may expect many among the people of the future to carry the streamlinling process, a stePfurther by remaining children, cutting the family down to its more E)elemental components, aman and a woman. Two people, perhaps with matched careers, will prove more efficient at navigating through education and social status, through job changes and geographic relocations, than teh ordinarily child-cluttered family.(第二段与第一段形成对比,说明industrialism“工业化”要求家庭必须流动,导致大家庭变得越来越小,甚至只剩下最基本的成员:男人和女人。)

A D)transport may be the postponement of children, rather than childlessness. Men and women today are often torn in F)conflict between a commitment to career and a commitment to children. In the future, many I)couples will sidestePthis problem by deferring the entire task of raising

children until after retirement. (最后一段说明工业化背景下,参加工作和要孩子之间存在矛盾。)

全文翻译:工业化之前的典型的家庭模式不仅包括许多孩子,而且还有很多其他的家庭成员----祖父母,叔叔,婶婶,堂兄妹等。这样的大家庭适合在慢节奏的农业社会中生存,但这样的家庭很难迁移和流动。工业化需要大量乐意并能够离开家乡外出寻找工作的工人,而且他们可以根据需要随时流动。这样,大家庭渐渐摆脱了多余的成员,而所谓的“核心家庭”便出现了:这种家庭是只包括父母和小孩的迁移方便的小家庭。这种远远比传统大家庭更易于流动的新型家庭模式便成为所有工业国家的标准模式。然而,超级工业化,即下一个阶段的生态科技的发展,要求家庭具有更大的流动性。因此我们期待:在将来,许多人采取继续进一步缩小的家庭模式。除了孩子,把家庭缩减到它的最基本成员,即只有一个男人和一个女人。夫妻两人,也许由于职业旗鼓相当,将比孩子成群的家庭在接受教育和处理社会问题方面更加爱得心应手,在更换工作类型和工作地点的方面更为有效。折中的解决办法就是推迟要孩子,而不是不要孩子。现在的男人和女人在忠于事业和抚养孩子之间总是引起冲突。在将来,许多夫妇会把全力以赴抚养孩子推迟到退休以后,以回避这一问题。

选词填空(三)【答案】

1.选C)。空格中要填的是名词,从后面的......can be captured and transmitted可以选出选项中images和pictures,pictures指“画面,图片”,一般指静态的情景;而文中的意思表达的是实时的电视会议,画面应该是动态的,images可以表示动态的形象,画面,故C)images正确。

2.选I)。这里应填形容词,修饰the technology。选项中的advanced,progressive,important可以用来修饰the technology,注释1说明了the technology中包含了很多行业术语,是很深奥的,排除important;而progressive“上进的,进步的”,强调寻求更好的,advanced“领先的,有高深的,并非人人都能接受的含义”,根据上下文I)advanced更符合题意。

3.选L)。首先判断这里应填名词,再根据注释2种“用于解释视频会议工作原理的......”,原文中有explain“解释,说明”可以退出,选项中的名词中concepts最符合题意。故选L)。

4.选O)。此处应填形容词。这个分句后面说交流越多,你越可能成为正确的那一个,说明交流很重要,与本土的视频会议-----一种交流的工具主题一致,这里应该填important。

5.选G)。由空格后的ones可知,这里应填名词的复数形式。前面提到the more interaction..., the more likely...be the right ones“得到的交互信息越多,你的......就更有可能正确的”。人们通过电视会议谈判协商,了解得信息越多,自己的判断,决策才会更正确。故这里应填G)decisions。concepts“概念”是打扰项,

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长篇阅读——匹配题 Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Passage 1 Paper — More than Meets the Eye A) We are surrounded by so much paper and card that it is easy to forget just how complex it is. There are many varieties and grades of paper materials, and it is fairly easy to spot the varieties, it is far more difficult to spot the grades. B) It needs to be understood that most paper and card is manufactured for a specific purpose, so that whilst the corn-flake packet may look smart, it is clearly not something destined for the archives. It is made to look good, but only needs a limited life span. It is also much cheaper to manufacture than high grade card. C) Paper can be made from an almost endless variety of cellulose(纤维素化合物)-based material which will include many woods, cottons and grasses of which is an example and from where we get the word "paper". Many of these are very specialized, but the of paper making has been from soft wood and cotton or , with the bulk being wood-based. Paper from Wood D) In order to make wood into paper it needs to be broken down into fine strands. Firstly by powerful and then boiled with strong alkalies(碱) such as caustic soda, until a fine of fibers is produced. It is from this pulp that the final product is made, relying on the bonding together of the cellulose into layers. That, in a very small nutshell, is the essence of paper making from wood. However, the reality is rather more complicated. In order to give us our white paper and card, the makers will add and other materials such as china clay and additional chemicals. E) A further problem with wood is that it contains a material that is not cellulose. Something called . This is essential for the tree since it holds the cellulose fibres together, but if it is incorporated into the manufactured paper it presents archivists with a problem. Lignin eventually breaks down and releases acid products into the paper. This will weaken the bond between the cellulose fibers and the paper will become brittle and look rather brown and careworn. We have all seen this in old newspapers and cheap paperback books. It has been estimated that most paperback books will have a life of no greater than fifty years, not what we need for our archives. F) Since the lignin can be removed from the paper pulp during manufacture, the obvious question is "why is it left in the paper". The answer lies in the fact that lignin makes up a considerable part of the tree. By leaving the lignin in the pulp a papermaker can increase his paper yield from a tree to some 95%. Removing it means a yield of only 35%. It is clearly uneconomic to remove the lignin for many paper and card applications. It also means, of course, that lignin-free paper is going to be more expensive. G) However, it is nevertheless what the must look for in his supplies. There is no point whatsoever in carefully placing our valuable artifacts in paper or card that is going to their . Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials, causing them to fade and in some cases simply vanish! H) So, how do we tell a piece of suitable paper or card from one that is unsuitable You cannot do it by simply looking, and rather disappointingly, you cannot always rely on the label. "Acid-free" might be true inasmuch as a test on the paper may indicate that it is a neutral material at this time. But lignin can take years before it starts the inevitable process of breaking down, and in the right conditions it will speed up enormously. I) Added to this, as I have indicated earlier, paper may also contain other materials added during manufacture such as bleach, china clay, chemical whiteners and size. This looks like a bleak picture, and it would be but for the fact that there are suppliers who will

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