高考英语虚拟语气知识点易错题汇编
高考英语虚拟语气知识点易错题汇编
一、选择题
1．Don't you think it is time you ______ the plan?It is_______ the managers wanted to
see________ soon.
A．set out discussing; that ;to be carried out
B．should set about discussing; that ; to carry out
C．should set out to discuss ;what; to be carried out
D．set about discussing, what; carried out
2．I wish I ________ an architect because then I ________ be able to design my own house. A．am, will be B．were, would
C．will be, could D．was, could
3．The snowstorm sweeping across California delayed my flight, otherwise I _____ in Hawaii sunbathing on the beach now.
A．would be B．could have been C．will be D．might have been 4．That was not the first time he ____ us. I think it's high time we ____ strong actions against him.
A．betrayed, take B．had betrayed, took
C．has betrayed, took D．has betrayed, take
5．It is time that we ________ a decision on how to approach this problem.
A．make B．made C．to make D．will make
6．It’s high time that we against spreading false information on the Internet.
A．will fight B．fought C．would fight D．fight
7．Studies show that historical barriers on women acceptance in organizational environments, the development of the company would already be way ahead.
A．were it not for B．if there being no
C．hadn't it been for D．if it is not for
8．The board thought it urgent that these files _____ right away.
A．printed B．had been printed C．would been printed D．be printed 9．What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ___________ it better.
A．need have done B．must have done
C．can have done D．might have done
10．It’s requested that a lecture ______ on this subject.
A．is given B．should be given C．will be given D．has been given 11．She looks as if she _____ ten years younger.
A．is B．was C．were D．had been 12．Due to the popularity of the restaurant, it is advisable that a table_______ for a get-together in advance.
A．must be reserved B．is reserved
C．be reserved D．will be reserved
13．—I’m sorry. I________to your birthday party if……
—Forget it. I know you were in Shanghai on business then.
A．had come B．would have come C．needn’t have come D．came
14．—How I wish I __________ fly to the moon!
—Really? That would be great.
A．can B．may C．should D．could
15．-Would you ___ first aid to him, had it been possible?
-Yes, but I _____.
A．have offered; had got hurt.B．offer; had got hurt.
C．have offered; got hurt.D．had offered; had got hurt.
16．—Would you mind if I ______ the window?
—Not at all. In fact, I was going to suggest you ______ it.
A．open; did B．opened; to do C．open; doing D．opened; do 17．She insisted that she ________ to the disaster-hit area and that her request ________ reasonable.
A．be sent, was B．should send, was
C．should be sent, be D．send, should be
18．I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise I _________ you waiting for such a long time.
A．will not keep B．have not kept
C．had not kept D．would not have kept
19．Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you _______ me, I could have helped.
A．told B．had told C．would have told D．have told 20．Had he taken his parent’s advice, he ______ having made such a silly mistake now. A．would not regret B．would not have regretted
C．may not regret D．does not regret
21．Mable is very weak, so the doctor advised that not only ______ more flood, but she should also take more exercise.
A．should she have B．she should have C．she has D．has she
22．If he____ to the teacher attentively, he____the answer to the problem now.
A．had listened, would have known B．listened, would know
C．listened, would have known D．had listened, would know
23．His expression suggested that he ____the invitation and he suggested full preparations _____. A．had accepted; would be made B．accepted; be made
C．has accepted; make D．had accepted; be made
24．They demanded that the right to vote ___________ to every adult.
A．was given B．was giving C．be giving D．be given
25．－Where are the children? The school bus is leaving.
－ I wish they ______ always late.
A．aren’t B．weren’t C．wouldn’t be D．hadn’t been
【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除
一、选择题
1．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气、连接词和非谓语动词。句意：你不认为该开始讨论这个计划了吗？这是经理们希望看到尽快实施的事情。第一空中It is time 后的定语从句用虚拟语气，从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来，其意为“(早)该干某事了”。且短语set about doing sth.“开始做某事”，故第一空应填set about discussing；第二空为表语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，指事情，故应用what；第三空分析句子结构可知carry out在句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语plan构成被动关系，故用过去分词carried out。故选D。
【点睛】
It is time 后的定语从句用虚拟语气
从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来，有时也用过去进行时或“should+动词原形”(较少见，且should不能省略)，其意为“(早)该干某事了”。如：
I think it's time you went to bed. 我想你该睡觉了。
It’s time we went [were going, should go]. 我们该走了。
I think it’s time they were taught a lesson. 我想现在该给他们一点教训了。
注：time前有时有about和high修饰：
I think it’s high time that she made up her mind. 我想她该拿定主意了。
与其他的虚拟结构不同，该结构不能在该用 was 时而用 were。如：
It's time I was in bed. 我该上床睡了。(不用were)
2．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：我希望我是一名建筑师，因为那样我就能设计自己的房子。此处wish后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，这里与将来的事实相反，用一般过去时态，且be动词在虚拟语气中的过去式是were。故答案为B。
【点睛】
虚拟语气通常用于wish后的宾语从句中，表示与事实相反或不大可能实现的愿望。通常有三种形式：（1）对将来发生的事情表示祝愿或愿望：主语＋wish＋从句主语＋
would(could, might)+动词原形。eg：I wish she would try again.我希望她能再试一次。（2）表示与现在事实相反的愿望：主语＋wish（that）＋从句主语＋动词过去式。eg：I wish I wasn’t leaving my son.我希望我没离开我儿子。（3）对过去发生的事情表示遗憾或后悔时：主语＋wish（that）＋从句主语＋would/could have/had＋过去分词。eg：I wish you had
come to my birthday party.
你要是来了我的生日晚会就好了。
3．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：席卷加利福尼亚的暴风雪延误了我的航班，否则我现在会在夏威夷的海滩上晒太阳。根据句意，“我”现在不可能在夏威夷(因为航班延误了)，“我”所说的（我现在会在夏威夷晒太阳）与事实相反，所以要用虚拟语气，根据now可知这是对现在的虚拟，所以主句要用情态动词+do的结构，故选A。
【点睛】
本题中的otherwise是含蓄虚拟语气的一个标志，意为“否则；不然”，用在虚拟语气中相当于一个虚拟条件句。假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来，而是暗含在上下文中。比如本句中，根据上文可知，“我”现在不可能夏威夷(因为航班延误了)，所以要用虚拟语气。
4．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：那不是他第一次背叛我们。我认为我们早该对他采取强硬措施了。That is/was the first time that+完成时，是固定句型；句中使用的是“That was…”，故应使用过去完成时。在固定搭配it’s (high/about) time…中，从句应使用过去时表示虚拟语气。故选B。
5．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：是我们决定如何处理这个问题的时候了。固定句式It is time that后面的从句谓语用过去式或should+动词原形。故选B。
6．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：是我们反对在互联网上传播虚假信息的时候了。考查句式：It is high time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。fight against 对抗；反对；与……作斗争，fight的过去式是fought。故选B。
7．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：研究表明，要是在组织环境上没有接受女性的历史障碍，这个公司的发展将会远远在前面。宾语从句中嵌套了一个虚拟语气的条件状语从句。由主句中的“would already be”可知这是一个虚拟语气的句子，根据句意，可以是对现在情况的虚拟也可以是对过去的虚拟。如果是对现在的虚拟，虚拟语气部分可翻译为if it weren’t for the historical barriers on women acceptance in organizational environments。如果是对过去的虚拟，虚拟语气部分翻译为if it had not been for the historical barriers on women acceptance in organizational environments。首先虚拟语气中不可以用is，必须用were，排除D。如果选B，从句中就会缺少谓语动词。所以这题还考查虚拟语气的省略。当if省略时，将were或had提前，其它成份顺序不变，就分别变为Were it not for/ Had it not been for。故选A。【点睛】
if 条件状语从句有真实条件句和非真实条件句。假设条件可以实现的句子为真实条件句，反之为非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。其形式分为以下三种：(1) 与过去事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”，主句用“should (would, could, might) + have + 过去分词”。 (2) 与现在事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用过去式，系动词用were，主句的谓语用“should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。(3) 与将来事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用“should (were to) + 动词原形”，主句用
“should(would, could, might) + 动词原形”。有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去，而将had, should, were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。这时，如果出现not等否定词时需放在主语后面。本题中我们就是从主句先判断出这句话使用虚拟语气，再根据句意判断是对现在、过去还是将来的虚拟。最后考虑倒装的形式是否正确。从形式上看，选项BD都是错误的，从倒装格式上看，选项C不正确，故选A。具体分析见详解。
8．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：董事会认为立即把这些文件打印出来是当务之急。句型it is urgent that+(should) do，且print与file构成被动，故应填(should) be printed，should可以省略。故选D。
9．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气中的情态动词。句意：真遗憾啊！考虑到他的能力和经验，他也许可以做得更好。can have done较少使用此结构，表示对过去行为的怀疑；用于疑问句时意为“难道真
的做了吗”，表示怀疑；need have done需要做某事，实际上却未做（表示虚拟语气）；must have done一定做了某事（表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测）；might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。故D正确。
【点睛】
本题是高考必考考点，一定要牢记句型意思。must have done过去肯定做了某事。should have done本应该做而实际未做。can’t have done过去不可能做了某事；shouldn’t have done 本不应该做而实际做了。need have done本有必要做某事而没做；needn’t have done本没有必要做某事；注意没有mustn’t have done的形式。
10．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：有人要求就这个问题举行一次讲座。request表示“要求”时引导的that 从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。故选B。
【点睛】
后接虚拟语气的常见词
1）在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, desire, demand, require, request, order, prefer, propose, recommend 等表示“命令，决定，建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词引导的 that 从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。
例如：He ordered that all the books be sent at once.
She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.
2）类似用法的还有 advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper 等形容词；decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution 等名词。其后引导的 that 从句均用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。例如：
It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.
Their decision was that the school remain closed.
3）请注意，当这些词语不是用于表示“命令，决定，建议”的含义时，所引导从句不用虚拟语气。
11．C
解析：C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：她看起来好像年轻了十岁。分析句子，此处为虚拟语气，她看起来年轻十岁与现在事实相反，主句用一般过去时，be动词都用were，故选C项。
12．C
解析：C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：由于这家餐馆很受欢迎，建议提前预定一张聚会的桌子。固定句式：it is advisable that 主语+（should）+动词原形+---。此处a table和reserve之间是一种被动关系，故答案为C。
13．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
查虚拟语气。句意：——我很抱歉。如果……，我就来参加你的生日聚会了。——不必在意。我知道你那时在上海出差。考此处表示对过去事实相反的假设， if后面省了过去完成时，补充完整应该是 if I had not been out on business，故主句中应该用
should/would/could/might have done结构，故选B。
【点睛】
if虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：
有时假设的情况并不是以if引导的条件从句形式出现，而是通过一些短语等形式暗示虚拟语气的存在，常用的词语有with, without, but for, otherwise, or，even, in case of, what if(如果…将如何)等等，这种句子往往有主句而无从句 (考试时多数情况是对过去的假。但是可以转化成if引导的虚拟条件句。分析句子可知，本句可以转化成是if引导的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设。从句为：If I had not had your recommendation ,主句为：I would have missed it。故C选项正确。
14．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：——我多么希望我能飞到月球上！——真的吗？那太好了。wish后面的宾语从句中应用虚拟语气，wish用的是一般现在时，表示与现在事实相反的假设，所
以用一般过去时态。故选D项。
15．C
解析：C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：——如果可能的话，你会给他急救吗？——是的，但是我受伤了。根据后文had it been possible可知是对过去情况的虚拟，时间背景为过去，故第一空填have offered。下文回答为真实的情况，应用一般过去时，故第二空填got hurt。故选C。16．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气中的时态。句意：——你介意我把窗户打开吗？——不介意。事实上，我正打算建议你这么做。第一空would you mind sb did 是英语的固定句型,if后的句子要用一般过去时，表示与将来情况相反；第二空suggest 作为“建议”讲宾语从句用虚拟语气，should + 动词原形，should 可以省略。故选D。
【点睛】
后接虚拟语气的常见词
1）在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, desire, demand, require, request, order, prefer, propose, recommend 等表示“命令，决定，建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词引导的 that 从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。
例如：He ordered that all the books be sent at once.
She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.
2）类似用法的还有 advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper 等形容词；decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution 等名词。其后引导的 that 从句均用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。例如：
It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.
Their decision was that the school remain closed.
3）请注意，当这些词语不是用于表示“命令，决定，建议”的含义时，所引导从句不用虚拟语气。
如第二空suggest 作为“建议”讲宾语从句用虚拟语气，should + 动词原形，should 可以省略。故选D。
17．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态及虚拟语气。句意：她坚持要把她送到灾区，她的要求是合理的。分析句子可
知，insist坚持，其后跟句子应用虚拟语气(should)+do，且send与she之间是被动关系，故用be sent;此句用的是一般过去时，且第二空的主语是her request，故应用was。结合选项，故选A。
18．D
解析：D
【解析】
考查虚拟语气。句意：我遇到堵车长达一个多小时，否则我不会让你等这么久的。Otherwise“否则”是解题的关键，相当于虚拟语气的从句“如果不堵车”，那“我就不会让你等”考查的是主句。从was可以判定出与过去相反，主句要用would have done，表示否定用 would not have kept。综上，D选项正确。
19．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：为什么你上周不把你的麻烦告诉我？如果那时你告诉我，我就能帮上忙。根据上文Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week?可知，此处是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故if引导的从句中要用had done的形式。故选B。
20．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他接受了父母的建议，他现在就不会后悔自己犯了这样一个愚蠢的错误。此处是省略if的虚拟语气，从句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时态；主句与现在事实相反，用would+动词原形，故选A。
【点睛】
if引导的虚拟语气从句的三种形式
if句又叫条件句，表示“假如”，是状语从句的一种，是一种非常常见的从句形式，用来提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，拥有三种形式。
①提出将来会发生的事：主句：主语＋would/should/might/could＋动词原形；从句：should＋动词原形/were to＋动词原形
eg. If he should go to Harvard University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上哈佛大学的话，他就会充分利用他的时间了。
②提出现在的条件：主句：主语＋would/should/might/could＋动词原形；从句：动词过去式
eg. If he studied at this school, he would know the enviornment around the school very much.如果他在这所学校学习的话，他会很了解周边环境。
③提出过去的未发生的条件：主句：主语＋would/should/might/could have＋动词过去分
词；从句：had＋动词过去分词
eg. If I had read the book, I would have told you about it.我如果看过本书，我会把内容告诉你了。
特别提示：如果把if省略，则将助动词had/should和were提到主语的前面去。比如上句：Had I read the book, I would have told you about it.我如果看过本书，我会把内容告诉你了。21．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查倒装句和虚拟语气。句意：马布尔现在很虚弱，因此医生建议她不仅应该多吃点，也应该多锻炼。advise意为“建议”，后接宾语从句时，常用“（should+）动词原形”虚拟结构；当not only位于句首时，句中需要部分倒装，因此需要把助动词should提到主语she 的前面。故选A。
【点睛】
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，如助动词、情态动词、系动词be，移至主语之前，谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面。当具有否定意义或半否定意义的词或短语、结构等放于句首时，句子需要部分倒装。
22．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他专心听了老师的话，他现在就会知道问题的答案了。结合句意，此处是if引导的虚拟语气，从句与过去的事实相反，主句与现在的事实相反，所以这里是混合虚拟语气。故选D。
23．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查动词时态和虚拟语气。句意：他的表情表明他接受了邀请，他建议应该充分做准备。suggest作“暗示，表明”讲时，后面接陈述语句，根据句意可知，第一空的动作发生在suggested之前，表示“过去的过去”作，用过去完成时，故排除B、C项；suggest作“建议”讲时，宾语从句用虚拟语气，动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略，主语full preparations与谓语动词make是被动关系，故用should be made，should省略。故选D。24．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：他们要求给予每个成年人投票权。demand表示“要求”时，所接宾语从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语部分是（should）+动词原形，又由动词give和从句主语the right to vote之间是动宾关系，所以使用被动语态be given。故选D项。
25．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：——孩子们在哪里？校车就要离开了。——我希望他们没有迟到。Wish后的宾语从句，使用虚拟语气，根据前一句可知，“孩子们在哪里”是叙述现在的事情，因此推断“孩子们不要迟到”是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词用一般过去时。故选B。
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高考英语专题名词性从句知识点易错题汇编及答案解析
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