物联网的关键技术的研究和应用大学毕业论文外文文献翻译及原文
毕业设计（论文）
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翻译日期： 2017.02.14
毕业设计（论文）
译文及原稿
译文题目：物联网的关键技术的研究和应用
Research on Key Technology and Applications for Internet of 原稿题目：
Things
Xian-Yi Chen1, 2, Zhi-Gang Jin3.[J].SciV erse Sciencedirect，原稿出处：
2012，Physics Procedia 33：561-566.
物联网的关键技术的研究和应用
摘要
物联网（IOT）已经在在世界各地的各个行业和政府以及被学术界被越来越多的关注。本文就物联网的概念和物联网的体系结构进行了讨论。并且对物联网的关键技术，包括射频识别技术、电子产品代码技术、无线个域网技术进行了分析。数字农业的框架下也提出了基于物联网的应用。
1.1物联网
物联网的概念是在1999年在MIT（麻省理工学院）的Auto-ID实验室首次提出它是指所有的物品为了实现智能识别和网络管理通过类似于RIFD（射频识别RFID）等的传感器设备连接到互联网。其核心支持技术是无线传感器网络和射频识别技术。
物联网的概念是在2005年在国际电信联盟报告中提出的：物联网,由国际电信联盟（ITU）在突尼斯2005年11月17日的信息社会世界峰会(WSIS)中向全世界正式发布。据报道,一切在任何地方和任何时间通过无线射频识别技术、无线传感器网络技术、智能嵌入式技术和纳米技术可以连接到对方。由于没有统一的物联网的定义，它可以从以下技术角度来定义。物联网是万物的网络，可以实现互连，随时有完整的意识，传输可靠，准确控制，智能处理和其他特征的支持技术,如微型电极、射频识别、无线传感器网络技术、智能嵌入技术,互联网技术,集成智能处理技术，纳米技术。其他定义的内容可以在文献中找到。
1.2物联网的体系结构
根据国际电信联盟的建议，物联网的网络体系结构包括传感层、接入层、网络层、中间件层和应用程序层。
传感层：这一层的主要功能是获取感兴趣的信息集的不同类型的传感器，智能识别，并在有关单位网络中分享捕获的信息。
访问层：这一层的主要功能是通过现有移动网络、无线网络、无线局域网、卫星网络和其他基础设施将信息从感知层传到网络层。
网络层：这一层的主要功能是将网络的信息资源集成到一个大型智能网络与互联网平台，并建立一个高效、可靠的为上层社会服务管理和大规模工业服务的基础设施平台应用。
中间件层：这一层的主要功能是网络信息实时的管理和控制，以及为上层应用程序提供一个良好的用户界面。它包括各种业务支持平台、管理平台、信息处理平台和智能计算平台。
应用程序层：这一层的主要功能是将底部的功能系统完整化，并建立各种行业的实际应用，如智能电网、智能物流、智能交通、精准农业、灾害监测和远程医疗。
2.物联网的主要技术
2.1射频识别技术
射频识别RFID(射频识别)技术起源于早期的40年代,主要用于空战中机器识别敌人的飞机和友好国家的飞机。经过几十年的发展,它也可以用于生产管理、安全、交通、物流管理等领域。
RFID系统使用射频标签信息。为了实现自动识别,RFID标签通过非接触式传感器，无线电波和微波来和读者进行交流。RFID技术最突出的特点是：非接触式读写，可以识别几厘米到几十米的距离的高速移动物体，具有强大的安全性能，可以同时识别多个目标。
射频识别的关键技术包括high-adaptive无线通信技术、高保密性；低功耗、高可靠性的RFID设备，体积小、效率高的天线技术，低成本的芯片和读取功能。
2.2电子产品编码
EPC(电子产品代码)，它是由麻省理工学院的Auto-ID中心构建出来的，通过建立一个独特的标示符，然后使用射频识别、无线通信技术通过互联网平台来构建一个全球智能网络实时共享每一篇文章的信息。
EPC由EPC编码，EPC标签、阅读器、EPC专家，国家统计局服务器，PML，EPC-IS服务器和网络组建成一个完整的系统。
(1)EPC编码：EPC编码是一个字符串组成的四个领域包括一个数字，紧随其后的是EPC数据头，EPC管理器，对象分类，和一个序列号。代码长度包括64位、96位和256位，可以将一个惟一的编号分配给世界上所有的商品。这是由EPCglobal管理机构和州分段管理。EPC编码结构可以在文献中找到。
(2)EPC标签：EPC是存储在EPC标签的唯一的信息。EPC标签根据如何读和写可分为只读的标签和读/写标签。
(3)阅读器：用于读取或写EPC标签中的数据信息。
(4)EPC Savant：其主要任务是传递和管理来自阅读器的EPC信息。
(5)国家统计局服务器：ONS(对象名称服务)服务器坚决基于EPC编码和用户的请求，以确定哪些相关信息存储在EPC-IS。
(6)PML：PML （物理标记语言），开发可扩展标记语言(XML),采用一个通用的、标准的语法来描述自然对象。
(7)EPC-IS：EPC-IS（EPC信息服务）存储和提供各种产品信息对应的EPC代码。这些信息通常存储在PML格式中，也可以存储在数据库中。图1 为EPC网络的体系结构。
EPC系统的机制如图1所示：在EPC标签阅读器通过非接触式读取EPC信息，然后发送到EPC Savant。经过一系列复杂的处理，Savant试图寻找当地EPC-IS 的
EPC产品信息，如果标签阅读器发现了信息，直接获取和发送信息到EPC Savant；如果没有发现信息，当地EPC-IS将在互联网上发送使用EPC码作为关键字的查询请求国家统计局服务器。当对象名称服务器返回远程EPC-IS服务器的IP地址，本地EPC-IS将查询请求发送到远程EPC-IS并获取产品信息，然后将其发送到EPC Savant 写它在当地的PML缓存中。EPC Savant在整个过程中都处于核心地位。
EPC Savant的主要关键技术：
(1)数据过滤：冗余数据的识别和过滤；EPC数据的不完整的过滤。
(2)数据聚合：EPC信息可以早起传输之前快速并且可靠的聚合,可以在文学[7]中发现。
(3)信息传递：信息传输安全、实时以及高优先级和错误恢复机制。
2.3无线个域网
无线个域网是一种近距离、低速率无线网络技术，其物理层和MAC层协议和IEEE802.15.4几乎是一样的。无线个域网联盟，成立于2001年8月，增强了
IEEE802.15.4；包括安全的网络层的定义和API是标准化的，这样就可以支持多种体系结构以及提供高可靠性的无线通信。
无线个域网广泛用于家庭自动化、数字农业、工业控制、医疗监控。无线个域网的无线传感器网络的特点如表2所示。
无线个域网网络的关键技术包括以下三个主要方面。
(1)硬件平台：设计低功耗、体积小、低成本的无线传感器节点，发展高微内核模块、节能的嵌入式操作系统。
(2)网络通信协议：物理层关键技术是当环境变化频繁时为行为特征和低功耗通信数据积累经验.MAC层的关键技术是开发信道分配和调度机制，避免冲突，构建节能节点的休眠机制。网络层的关键技术是构建和控制效率和稳定的网络拓扑结构，建立低功耗的自组织与自适应网络信息传输路径；在应用程序层的关键技术是检测和分类网络对象，跟踪多个移动目标，动态任务调度和分配资源。
(3)信息处理技术：它包括查询优化和处理信息集成，inner-network处理、数据压缩、分布式存储和信号处理。
3.数字农业中物联网的关键技术
互联网技术将广泛应用于数字农业、智能电网、智能家居、智能交通、智能物流、灾害监测、远程医疗等领域。数字农业的关键技术和应用程序框架在一下内容中进行解决。
3.1产品生产过程
在传统农业中主要通过作为字段信息获取手工测量经验或判断，需要大量的劳动力，而且数据的准确性较低。合理利用农业资源、降低生产成本、改善生态环境，提高农产品质量，大气、土壤、和其他信息可以实时、准确地收集并进行科学预测，利
用无线传感器的网络技术进行精确控制和科学栽培，正如左边的图2所示。首先，如空气温度、湿度、风、降水、土壤水分、电导率和pH值等信息都通过各种类型的传感器来进行收集。然后，信息通过无线个域网传输到网关。最后，网关控制水的开关装置，施肥、通风和温度自动控制与应用服务器的支持。如图2所示。
3.2产品流通
因为缺乏有效的监管，目前在我国农产品流通领域存在有许多缺陷，如安全事故、知名品牌的劣质产品。使用EPC技术可以有效地解决这些问题，就像右边的图2所示。首先，标签是嵌入式的存在于农产品生产过程。其次，EPC的阅读器是安装在所有所需的位置，如商场、市场、和仓库。通过与各种应用服务器的支持，食品安全部门可以调节生产过程，批发和零售，消费者可以跟踪产品的来源，商业生产产品的质量，生产时间，和检疫。
4.结论
在电脑和互联网之后，物联网无疑将成为一个信息革命。美国已经确认智慧地球是新一轮国际竞争的重要战略，也已经是中国制造中的“中国意识”宏伟战略目标。物联网的关键技术将广泛应用于数字农业、智能电网、智能家居、智能交通、智能物流、灾害监测、远程医疗等领域。数字农业的关键技术和应用程序框架在本文中已经得到解决。
Research on Key Technology and Applications for Internet
of Things
Abstract
The Internet of Things (IOT) has been paid more and more attention by the academe, industry, and government all over the world. The concept of IOT and the architecture of IOT are discussed. The key technologies of IOT, including Radio Frequency Identification technology, Electronic Product Code technology, and ZigBee technology are analyzed. The framework of digital agriculture application based on IOT is proposed
1.1 Internet of Things
The idea of Internet of Things [1] that all the items were connected to Internet by sensor devices such as RFID (Radio Frequency Identification, RFID) in order to accomplish intelligent recognition and network management was first proposed by Auto-ID laboratory in MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) in 1999. Its core support technology is a wireless sensor network and radio frequency identification technology.
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华北电力大学科技学院 毕业设计（论文）附件 外文文献翻译 学号：121912020115姓名：彭钰钊 所在系别：动力工程系专业班级：测控技术与仪器12K1指导教师：李冰 原文标题：Infrared Remote Control System Abstract 2016 年 4 月 19 日
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吉林化工学院理学院 毕业论文外文翻译English Title（Times New Roman ，三号） 学生学号：08810219 学生姓名：袁庚文 专业班级：信息与计算科学0802 指导教师：赵瑛 职称副教授 起止日期：2012.2.27～2012.3.14 吉林化工学院 Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology
1 外文翻译的基本内容 应选择与本课题密切相关的外文文献（学术期刊网上的），译成中文，与原文装订在一起并独立成册。在毕业答辩前，同论文一起上交。译文字数不应少于3000个汉字。 2 书写规范 2.1 外文翻译的正文格式 正文版心设置为：上边距：3.5厘米，下边距：2.5厘米，左边距：3.5厘米，右边距：2厘米，页眉：2.5厘米，页脚：2厘米。 中文部分正文选用模板中的样式所定义的“正文”，每段落首行缩进2字；或者手动设置成每段落首行缩进2字，字体：宋体，字号：小四，行距：多倍行距1.3，间距：前段、后段均为0行。 这部分工作模板中已经自动设置为缺省值。 2.2标题格式 特别注意：各级标题的具体形式可参照外文原文确定。 1．第一级标题（如：第1章绪论）选用模板中的样式所定义的“标题1”，居左；或者手动设置成字体：黑体，居左，字号：三号，1.5倍行距，段后11磅，段前为11磅。 2．第二级标题（如：1.2 摘要与关键词）选用模板中的样式所定义的“标题2”，居左；或者手动设置成字体：黑体，居左，字号：四号，1.5倍行距，段后为0，段前0.5行。 3．第三级标题（如：1.2.1 摘要）选用模板中的样式所定义的“标题3”，居左；或者手动设置成字体：黑体，居左，字号：小四，1.5倍行距，段后为0，段前0.5行。 标题和后面文字之间空一格（半角）。 3 图表及公式等的格式说明 图表、公式、参考文献等的格式详见《吉林化工学院本科学生毕业设计说明书（论文）撰写规范及标准模版》中相关的说明。
外文文献及翻译
文献翻译 原文 Combining JSP and Servlets The technology of JSP and Servlet is the most important technology which use Java technology to exploit request of server, and it is also the standard which exploit business application .Java developers prefer to use it for a variety of reasons, one of which is already familiar with the Java language for the development of this technology are easy to learn Java to the other is "a preparation, run everywhere" to bring the concept of Web applications, To achieve a "one-prepared everywhere realized." And more importantly, if followed some of the principles of good design, it can be said of separating and content to create high-quality, reusable, easy to maintain and modify the application. For example, if the document in HTML embedded Java code too much (script), will lead the developed application is extremely complex, difficult to read, it is not easy reuse, but also for future maintenance and modification will also cause difficulties. In fact, CSDN the JSP / Servlet forum, can often see some questions, the code is very long, can logic is not very clear, a large number of HTML and Java code mixed together. This is the random development of the defects. Early dynamic pages mainly CGI (Common Gateway Interface, public Gateway Interface) technology, you can use different languages of the CGI programs, such as VB, C / C + + or Delphi, and so on. Though the technology of CGI is developed and powerful, because of difficulties in programming, and low efficiency, modify complex shortcomings, it is gradually being replaced by the trend. Of all the new technology, JSP / Servlet with more efficient and easy to program, more powerful, more secure and has a good portability, they have been many people believe that the future is the most dynamic site of the future development of technology. Similar to CGI, Servlet support request / response model. When a customer submit a request to the server, the server presented the request Servlet, Servlet responsible for handling requests and generate a response, and then gave the server, and then from the server sent to
大学毕业论文---软件专业外文文献中英文翻译
软件专业毕业论文外文文献中英文翻译 Object landscapes and lifetimes Tech nically, OOP is just about abstract data typing, in herita nee, and polymorphism, but other issues can be at least as importa nt. The rema in der of this sect ion will cover these issues. One of the most importa nt factors is the way objects are created and destroyed. Where is the data for an object and how is the lifetime of the object con trolled? There are differe nt philosophies at work here. C++ takes the approach that con trol of efficie ncy is the most importa nt issue, so it gives the programmer a choice. For maximum run-time speed, the storage and lifetime can be determined while the program is being written, by placing the objects on the stack (these are sometimes called automatic or scoped variables) or in the static storage area. This places a priority on the speed of storage allocatio n and release, and con trol of these can be very valuable in some situati ons. However, you sacrifice flexibility because you must know the exact qua ntity, lifetime, and type of objects while you're writing the program. If you are trying to solve a more general problem such as computer-aided desig n, warehouse man ageme nt, or air-traffic con trol, this is too restrictive. The sec ond approach is to create objects dyn amically in a pool of memory called the heap. In this approach, you don't know un til run-time how many objects you n eed, what their lifetime is, or what their exact type is. Those are determined at the spur of the moment while the program is runnin g. If you n eed a new object, you simply make it on the heap at the point that you n eed it. Because the storage is man aged dyn amically, at run-time, the amount of time required to allocate storage on the heap is sig ni fica ntly Ion ger tha n the time to create storage on the stack. (Creat ing storage on the stack is ofte n a si ngle assembly in structio n to move the stack poin ter dow n, and ano ther to move it back up.) The dyn amic approach makes the gen erally logical assumpti on that objects tend to be complicated, so the extra overhead of finding storage and releas ing that storage will not have an importa nt impact on the creati on of an object .In additi on, the greater flexibility is esse ntial to solve the gen eral program ming problem. Java uses the sec ond approach, exclusive". Every time you want to create an object, you use the new keyword to build a dyn amic in sta nee of that object. There's ano ther issue, however, and that's the lifetime of an object. With Ian guages that allow objects to be created on the stack, the compiler determines how long the object lasts and can automatically destroy it. However, if you create it on the heap the compiler has no kno wledge of its lifetime. In a Ianguage like C++, you must determine programmatically when to destroy the
客户关系管理外文文献翻译(2017)
XXX学院 毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译 学院：计算机与软件工程学院 专业：计算机科学技术(软件工程方向) 姓名： 学号： 外文出处：GoyKakus.THE RESEARCH OFCUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT STRATEGY [J]. International Journal of Management Research & Review, 2017, 1(9): 624-635. 附件： 1.外文资料翻译译文；2.外文原文。 注：请将该封面与附件装订成册。
附件1：外文资料翻译译文 客户关系管理战略研究 Goy Kakus 摘要 客户关系管理解决方案，通过为你提供客户业务数据来帮助你提供客户想要的服务或产品,提供更好的客户服务、交叉销售和更有效的销售,达成交易,保留现有客户并更好地理解你的客户是谁。本文探讨了客户关系管理模型在获得、保持与发展策略方面的优势。然而,我们对其定义和意义还存在一些困惑。本文通过考察关系营销和其他学科方面的相关文献，解释了客户关系管理的概念基础,从而对客户关系管理的知识作出了贡献。 关键词:客户关系管理模型, 客户关系管理的博弈改变者与关键策略 引言 CRM 是客户关系管理的简称。它的特征在于公司与客户的沟通,无论是销售还是服务相关的。客户关系管理这一术语经常用来解释企业客户关系,客户关系管理系统也以同样的方式被用来处理商业联系, 赢得客户,达成合同和赢得销售。 客户关系管理通常被考虑作为一个业务策略，从而使企业能够: *了解客户 *通过更好的客户体验留住客户 *吸引新客户 *赢得新客户和达成合同 *提高盈利 *减少客户管理成本 *通过服务台等工具软件,电子邮件组织者和不同类型的企业应用程序，企业业务经常寻求个性化的在线体验。 设计精良的客户关系管理包括以下特征: 1．客户关系管理是一种以顾客为中心并以客户投入为基础的服务响应，一对一的解决客户的必需品, 买家和卖家服务中心直接在线互动,帮助客户解决他
文献翻译英文原文
https://www.360docs.net/doc/a412106630.html,/finance/company/consumer.html Consumer finance company The consumer finance division of the SG group of France has become highly active within India. They plan to offer finance for vehicles and two-wheelers to consumers, aiming to provide close to Rs. 400 billion in India in the next few years of its operations. The SG group is also dealing in stock broking, asset management, investment banking, private banking, information technology and business processing. SG group has ventured into the rapidly growing consumer credit market in India, and have plans to construct a headquarters at Kolkata. The AIG Group has been approved by the RBI to set up a non-banking finance company (NBFC). AIG seeks to introduce its consumer finance and asset management businesses in India. AIG Capital India plans to emphasize credit cards, mortgage financing, consumer durable financing and personal loans. Leading Indian and international concerns like the HSBC, Deutsche Bank, Goldman Sachs, Barclays and HDFC Bank are also waiting to be approved by the Reserve Bank of India to initiate similar operations. AIG is presently involved in insurance and financial services in more than one hundred countries. The affiliates of the AIG Group also provide retirement and asset management services all over the world. Many international companies have been looking at NBFC business because of the growing consumer finance market. Unlike foreign banks, there are no strictures on branch openings for the NBFCs. GE Consumer Finance is a section of General Electric. It is responsible for looking after the retail finance operations. GE Consumer Finance also governs the GE Capital Asia. Outside the United States, GE Consumer Finance performs its operations under the GE Money brand. GE Consumer Finance currently offers financial services in more than fifty countries. The company deals in credit cards, personal finance, mortgages and automobile solutions. It has a client base of more than 118 million customers throughout the world
第三方物流外文文献(原文与翻译)
我国第三方物流中存在的问题、原因及战略选择 熊卫 【摘要】我国物流业发展刚刚起步，第三方物流的理论和实践等方面都比较薄弱。本文指出我国第三方物流存在的问题在于国内外第三方物流企业差距、物流效率不高、缺乏系统性管理、物流平台构筑滞后、物流管理观念落后等。分析了产生上述问题的原因，并提出了精益物流、中小型第三方物流企业价值链联盟、大型第三方物流企业虚拟化战略等三种可供选择的第三方物流企业发展战略。 【关键词】第三方物流；精益物流战略；价值链联盟；虚拟化战略 1引言 长期以来，我国国内企业对采购、运输、仓储、代理、包装、加工、配送等环节控制能力不强，在“采购黑洞”、“物流陷井”中造成的损失浪费难以计算。因此，对第三方物流的研究，对于促进我国经济整体效益的提高有着非常重要的理论和实践意义。本文试图对我国策三方物流存在的问题及原因进行分析探讨，并提出第三方物流几种可行的战略选择。 2我国第三方物流业存在的主要问题 (一)我国策三方物流企业与国外第三方物流企业的差距较大，具体表现在以下几个方面： 1、规模经济及资本差距明显。由于国外的大型第三方物流企业从全球经营的战略出发，其规模和资本优势是毫无疑问的，尤其初创时期的我国策三方物流业，本身的规模就很小，国外巨头雄厚的资本令国内企业相形见绌。 2、我国策三方物流业企业提供的物流服务水准及质量控制远不如国外同行。当国内一些企业还在把物流理解成“卡车加仓库“的时候，国外的物流企业早已完成了一系列标准化的改造。同时，国外的物流组织能力非常强大，例如德国一家第三方物流公司，公司各方面的物流专家遍布欧洲各地。如果有客户的货物需要经达不同的国家，那么欧洲各地的这些专家就在网上设计出一个最佳的物流解决方案。这种提供解决方案的能力就是这第三方物流公司的核心能力，而不像国内公司号称拥有多少条船，多少辆车。 3、我国加入WTO后物流产业的门槛降低。在物流服务业方面：我国承诺所有的服务行业，在经过合理过渡期后，取消大部分外国股权限制，不限制外国服务供应商进入
毕业论文 外文翻译#(精选.)
毕业论文（设计）外文翻译 题目：中国上市公司偏好股权融资：非制度性因素 系部名称：经济管理系专业班级:会计082班 学生姓名：任民学号： 200880444228 指导教师：冯银波教师职称:讲师 年月日
译文： 中国上市公司偏好股权融资：非制度性因素 国际商业管理杂志 2009.10 摘要：本文把重点集中于中国上市公司的融资活动，运用西方融资理论，从非制度性因素方面，如融资成本、企业资产类型和质量、盈利能力、行业因素、股权结构因素、财务管理水平和社会文化，分析了中国上市公司倾向于股权融资的原因，并得出结论，股权融资偏好是上市公司根据中国融资环境的一种合理的选择。最后，针对公司的股权融资偏好提出了一些简明的建议。 关键词：股权融资，非制度性因素，融资成本 一、前言 中国上市公司偏好于股权融资，根据中国证券报的数据显示，1997年上市公司在资本市场的融资金额为95.87亿美元，其中股票融资的比例是72.5％，，在1998年和1999年比例分别为72.6％和72.3％，另一方面，债券融资的比例分别是17.8％，24.9％和25.1％。在这三年，股票融资的比例，在比中国发达的资本市场中却在下跌。以美国为例，当美国企业需要的资金在资本市场上，于股权融资相比他们宁愿选择债券融资。统计数据显示，从1970年到1985年，美日企业债券融资占了境外融资的91.7％，比股权融资高很多。阎达五等发现，大约中国3/4的上市公司偏好于股权融资。许多研究的学者认为，上市公司按以下顺序进行外部融资：第一个是股票基金，第二个是可转换债券，三是短期债务，最后一个是长期负债。许多研究人员通常分析我国上市公司偏好股权是由于我们国家的经济改革所带来的制度性因素。他们认为，上市公司的融资活动违背了西方古典融资理论只是因为那些制度性原因。例如，优序融资理论认为，当企业需要资金时，他们首先应该转向内部资金（折旧和留存收益），然后再进行债权融资，最后的选择是股票融资。在这篇文章中，笔者认为，这是因为具体的金融环境激活了企业的这种偏好，并结合了非制度性因素和西方金融理论，尝试解释股权融资偏好的原因。
java毕业论文外文文献翻译
Advantages of Managed Code Microsoft intermediate language shares with Java byte code the idea that it is a low-level language witha simple syntax , which can be very quickly translated intonative machine code. Having this well-defined universal syntax for code has significant advantages. Platform independence First, it means that the same file containing byte code instructions can be placed on any platform; atruntime the final stage of compilation can then be easily accomplished so that the code will run on thatparticular platform. In other words, by compiling to IL we obtain platform independence for .NET, inmuch the same way as compiling to Java byte code gives Java platform independence. Performance improvement IL is actually a bit more ambitious than Java bytecode. IL is always Just-In-Time compiled (known as JIT), whereas Java byte code was ofteninterpreted. One of the disadvantages of Java was that, on execution, the process of translating from Javabyte code to native executable resulted in a loss of performance. Instead of compiling the entire application in one go (which could lead to a slow start-up time), the JITcompiler simply compiles each portion of code as it is called (just-in-time). When code has been compiled.once, the resultant native executable is stored until the application exits, so that it does not need to berecompiled the next time that portion of code is run. Microsoft argues that this process is more efficientthan compiling the entire application code at the start, because of the likelihood that large portions of anyapplication code will not actually be executed in any given run. Using the JIT compiler, such code willnever be compiled.