九年级英语Unit13《We're trying to save the earth!》知识点
九年级英语Unit13《We're trying to save the earth!》知识点
1.现在进行时
定义：表示说话时（瞬间）正在进行的动作，也表示目前或现阶段一直进行的动作。结构: ①肯定句: 主语+ am/is/are + V-ing
②否定句: 主语+ am/is/are + not + V-ing
③疑问句: Am/Is/Are + 主语+ V-ing
用法：1）表示说话时正在进行的，目前正在发生的动作。
①Look! The big bird is flying away. ②He is watching a movie now.
2）表示目前一段时间内正在进行，但说话时可能没有进行的动作。
Right now I am studying Chinese by distance learning. 我现在正通过远程教育学习汉语。
1) 2)常带有表示目前时刻的时间副词, 如：now, right now, at the (very) moment, for the time being, at present, these days 及Look! Listen! ...
3）与always, constantly, forever, all the time等副词连用，表示动作反复或习惯。此时句子常含有说话者的强烈情感在内。表达较强的“责备”或“表扬”之意
①You are always changing your mind. 你总是主意不定。(太烦人了)
②He is always helping others.他总是帮助别人。(他真是个好人)
4）对于come, go, leave, arrive, start, fly, drive等表示位置移动的动词常可用进行时态表将来。
①He is leaving on Wednesday.
②Mary isn’t here at the moment. She is coming later.
2. used to do过去常常做某事见第四单元及use用法
be/get used to doing 习惯于做某事
be used to do=be used for doing 被用来做某事
3. 被动语态见第五单元
注意：接双宾语的词的被动语态；make /let /have sb do的被动语态；see/ hear /notice /find /observe/notice sb do 的被动语态；It’s
said/reported/believed/supposed/well-known that；及无被动语态的三种情况（感官动词、不及物动词、sell/write等）
4. 现在完成时:
用法：①过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果：强调结果
Yesterday I finished my homework, that’s to say, I have finished my homework now. ②过去已经开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态：强调继续
I have lived here since 1990.
现在完成时的构成have/has+过去分词
现在完成时的四个基本句型
肯定句He has finished the work.
一般疑问句Has he finished the work?
否定句He has not finished the work.
两回答Yes ,he has. No, he hasn’t.
特殊疑问句What has he done?
在下列情形下用现在完成时
1九词语
①already 已经肯定句中或句尾I have already found my pen. = I have found my pen already.
②yet已经否定句和疑问句句尾I have not finished the work yet.
Have you bought a computer yet?
③ever曾经句中Have you ever seen pandas?
④never从不句中I have never been to Beijing.
⑤just刚刚句中I have just done my work.
⑥before以前句尾I have never been there before.
⑦so far到目前为止So far he has learned 200 words.
⑧how long多久How long have you lived here?
⑨how many times多少次How many times has he been to Beijing?
2两词组
have
for two months for +一段时间 Jim has lived here for 2 months.
since last year since +过去时间点 Lucy has been in Beijing since 3 years ago. since 3 years ago
since 1990
since he came here since +过去时态句子 He has been in China since he came here.
4如果句子里面没有时间状语，汉语意思能够加“已经”，往往用现在完成时态。Have you lost your library book? 你已经弄丢了从图书馆借的那本书吗？
5现在完成时态还常常用于下列句型
They have planted many trees in the last/past few years.
This is the best book I have ever read.
It is the first time I have played the computer games.
在现在完成时中，一次性动词不能和一段时间状语连用
例：He has bought the book for 3 years.（错）
因buy这个一次性动词不能和一段时间for 3 years连用, 改正的办法有：
He has bought the book. (去掉一段时间for 3 years)
He bought the book 3 years ago (改为一般过去时，使句子的意思不变)
It’s/It has been 3 years since he bought the book. = 3 years has passed since he bought the book. （改为固定句型It is/It has been ---since---）He has had the book for 3 years.
（用延续性动词have代替buy）
另外
①come/arrive/get to/reach → be here
I have come here for 3 years.（错）
改为：I have been here for 3 years.
②leave/go →be away
He has left for 3 hours.（错）
改为：He has been away for 3 hours.
③begin/start →be on
The film has begun for 3 minutes.（错）
改为：The film has been on for 3 minutes.
④open →be open / close → be closed
The shop has opened for 3 years.(错)
改为：The shop has been open for 3 years.
⑤die →be dead
His father has died for 3 years.(错)
改为：His father has been dead for 3 years.
⑥finish/end→ be over
He has finished the work for 3 days.(错) 改为：The work has been over for 3 days
⑦join I have joined the army for 3 years.（错）
改为：I have been in the army for 3 years.
或I have been a soldier for 3 years.
⑧buy /catch → have
I have bought the bike for 3 years.（错）
改为：I have had the bike for 3 years.
He has caught a cold for 3 days.（错）
改为：He has had a cold for 3 days.
⑨borrow → keep
I have borrowed the book for 3 years. （错）
改为：I have kept the book for 3 years.
还有其它的归纳如下：
break → be broken get up → be up marry → be married become → be lose → be lost
5. 情态动词
1) 情态动词本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气，但不能单独作谓语，只能与其他动词构成谓语。常见的有：can (could), may (might), must, need, shall (should), will (would)等。
2) 情态动词无人称和数的变化, 后接动词原形。否定式是在情态动词后面加not。个别情态动词有过去式形式, 也可用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气。
1.can和could的用法
(1)can/could 表示“能力；许可；可能性”等。could 为can 的过去式。如：Can I use your bike?
(2)can 用在疑问句中，表示征求意见、请求许可，答语仍用can; could 用在疑问句中，比can 更委婉、客气，是一种礼貌的说法，并不表示过去时态，答语用can，而不能用could。如：—Could you tell me the way to the zoo?—Sorry. I can't. I'm new here。
[注意] can 和could 只能用于现在时和过去时两种时态，将来时中用be able to。另外，can't 可表示否定推测。如：That ______ be Mr Wang. He has gone to Beijing。
2.may和might的用法
may/might 意为“可以”，表示同意、许可或请求对方许可，也可表示祝愿。may的
否定形式为may not。might 是may 的过去式，有两种用法：一种表示过去式；一种表示虚拟语气，使语气更加委婉、客气，或表示可能性更小。以may开头的一般疑问句，其否定回答用mustn't, 而不用may not。如：______ I use your pen? 我可以用你用的钢笔吗？
You may put on more clothes. May you be happy!
Might I borrow some money now?He might be alive.
3.must的用法
must 意为“必须，一定，准是”，表示说话人认为有必要做某事，或命令、要求别人做某事以及对事物的推测。否定形式mustn't, 表示“不得”，“一定不要”。如：
I ______ finish my work today。You mustn't drive after drinking。
(1)must 与have to 的区别：must 表示说话人的主观意愿；have to 表示客观需要。如：
I must do my homework first。It is raining hard outside; I _____ stay at home。
(2)回答由must 引导的疑问句的提问
①肯定回答：Yes, …must.如：
—Must I go home now? —Yes, you must.
②否定回答：No，…needn't./No，…don't/doesn't have to.
—Must I go home now? —No, you __ ____.
(3)must 表示对事物的推测，意为“想必；一定”，只用于肯定句中；表“推测”时，情态动词与动词原形，(常为be动词)连用，如：The man must be our teacher。
4.need的用法
(1)need 表示“需要，必须”，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。其否定形式为needn't，表示“没有必要，不必”；对由need构成的疑问句进行回答时，其肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't。如
—Need we do some cleaning now?
—Yes, you must. —No, you needn't.
(2)need 还可作实义动词，常用于下列结构：
①人：need to do sth“需要做某事”。如I need to learn more.
②物：need doing “某物需要被做”=need to be done。
如：My hair needs cutting. =My hair needs to be cut.
③need +名词或代词。如：All living things need water.
5.shall和should的用法
shall 用于第一人称的句子中，表示提建议或请求；should用于各种人称的句子中，强调义务或责任，意为“应该”。如：______ we go out for a walk?
You should study hard at school。
should have done主要有两个用法：
用于推测过去已经发生的情况。如：He should have arrived by now.
用于指本该发生而实际上未发生的情况。如：You should have told me so before.
6.will和would的用法
will用于第二人称疑问句时，表示征求意见或提建议；would 为will 的过去式，可用于多种人称，表示意愿。如：Will you have a little soup?
would have done主要有两个用法：
表“猜测过去”
I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem. 表“过去本会发生，而实际并未发生”，没有责备之意。
I would have written before but I have been ill.本来我是会写信的，但是由于我生病了。
（用来说明某一情况，没有责备之意）
7.have to
have to 的陈述句形式
肯定式：have to + 动词原形I have to tidy my room.我得整理房间.
否定式：don't (doesn't) + have to + 动词原形You don't have to go if you don't want to.
have to 的一般疑问句形式及简略答语
have to的一般疑问形式必须借助助动词do 或does：
Do you have to look after your sister? Yes,I do./ No,I don't.
have to 的特殊疑问句形式What do you have to do on Sundays?
have to 可用于各种时态
A、一般现在时：I have to visit Mr Wang.
B、一般过去时：That night we had to walk home because there was no bus.
C、一般将来时：We'll have to ask Zhang Ming instead.
D、与may 连用：I think he may have to help his Dad in the garden.
8.ought to
ought to的肯定式应当, 应该
You don't look well. You ought to go to see the doctor.
ought to的否定式和疑问式
ought to的否定形式是ought后直接加not构成，其否定形式可缩写为oughtn't。One ought not (oughtn't) to cross the street against the red light.
ought to的疑问式是将ought提到句首构成。
—Ought we to do it at once? —Yes, you ought to.
He ought to be here now, shouldn't (oughtn't) he?
“ought to + have + done”表示过去应做某事而实际未做
You ought to have told me that (but you didn't).这时ought to和should可以互换使用。
三．
1.litter/rubbish/garbage/waste/trash
garbage和rubbish含义相同，garbage美国英语，而rubbish英国英语。这两个词词义较为具体，指必须及时清除的剩余物，比如厨房里的垃圾，生活垃圾等等。litter指公共场所丢弃的小片/块垃圾，如纸片、塑料袋、易拉罐、饮料瓶等。waste作名词用时可表“废物”的总称。
另：waste time in doing sth浪费时间做某事
take out the trash倒垃圾
2.at the bottom of在...底部/at the top of在...顶部
He shouted at the top of his voice in order that he might be heard.
3.advantage-disadvantage
1). have/gain/get the (an) advantage over (of) 优于，比……占有优势。
如：You have the advantage over (of) me in experience.
你经验比我丰富。
有时用动词gain, get 等。如：
They gained an advantage over the enemy. 他们比敌人占优势。
2). take advantage of=make (full) use of
(1) 利用(机会、时机等)。They took advantage of the fine weather to play tennis.
(2) 利用(某人的处境、弱点等)。He always took full advantage of the mistakes made by his rivals.
(3) 欺骗(某人)，捉弄(某人)，占(某人的)便宜。He has always been taking advantage of me.
3). to sb’s advantage对某人有利。
It will be to your advantage to study abroad.
4.四个花费句型人：spend 钱/时间on sth. spend 钱/时间in doing sth. spent
人：pay 钱for sth. pay-paid-paid
物：sth. cost sb. 钱cost-cost-cost
It takes sb. 时间to do sth. take-took-taken
5.be harmful to=do harm to对…有害
Smoking is harmful to the health.
= Smoking does harm to your health
6.参加辨析
join join in & take part in attend
7.afford to do sth担负得起干某事[常与can, could, be able to 连用]
He told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries.
他告诉我公司无法支付如此巨额的工资。
8.turn 短语
turn in 归还You must turn in your equipment before you leave the army. turn on 打开could you turn on the light, please？turn off 关掉（煤气，水，电，收音机，电视机等）Don’t forget to turn off the light when you leave. turn up ①出现，到达②开大音量He promised to come but hasn’t turned up yet. I can’t hear the radio very well; could you turn it up a bit？turn down ①关小②拒绝(refuse) Can you turn the TV down? I’m trying to get some sleep. He tried to join the army but was turned down because of poor health. turn out (to be) +adj./n.证明是，结果是The experiment turned out to be a great success. turn/change into 把……变成，译成Turn the following sentences into Chinese, please. turn to 翻到，求助于1)Please turn to page10. 2)The child turned to his mother for comfort. turn over 翻身，翻转She turned over and went to sleep.
9.throw away扔掉,丢弃错过(机会、优势或好处)
He threw away the old sofa. Don't throw away this opportunity.
10.work
work n.工作；（音乐、艺术）作品；工厂v. 工作
He has much work to do.(U)
The man gained his wealth by printing works of famous writers.
（做“作品”讲，为可数名词，但常用复数）
The glass works is/are near the station.
玻璃厂在车站附近。（做“工厂”讲，只用复数形式，但谓语动词单复均可）
英语中有些名词，单复数形式意义有差别。
manner 方式，方法manners 礼貌，礼仪
arm 胳膊arms 武器
water 水waters 海水，水域
wood 木头woods 森林
11.bring back归还；使想起
These books must be brought back within a week．
Your article brought back sad memories for me.
bring up：抚养长大bring in：引进bring forward：提出bring about：带来，造成
12.inspiration n inspire v激励
13.try to do =try/do one’s best to do 努力去做某事。
try doing sth. 尝试做某事
Every student should try to study hard in order to study in a university.
14.be related to 与…有关
I am not related to him in any way. 我和他无任何关系。
15. play a part in doing sth 在……方面起作用
A good diet plays a large part in helping people live longer.
16.turn/change… into…
(使)变成Joan is turning into quite a skilled musician.
译成Please turn this into English.
17. make a difference (to…) 表示(对……)产生影响或作用The new teacher always encourages little Tom. This has made a big difference to him.
18. no longer意思是“不再”
有两个短语和no longer同义，即not…any longer和not…any more，但他们侧重的方面不同。
no longer和not…any longer侧重时间。
e.g. He no longer lives here.= He doesn’t live here any longer.
他不在这儿居住了。(一个时间以前他住在这儿，过了这个时间，他就离开了。) not…any more =no more侧重侧重程度和数量
You can drink no more. = You can’t drink any more.
你不能再喝了。(喝酒的量到了一定程度，不能再继续下去了。)
19.not only…but also…“不仅……而且……”;其中的also有时可以省略。
若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。
Not only you but also he has to leave. 不只是你，他也得离开。
not only放在句首，后接句子时要用倒装结构。
Not only did my aunt teach at school, but (also) she wrote articles for newspapers.
20.The number of......的数量，谓语用单三
a number of...大量的，谓语用原形
当表示数值的高或低时，number要用high或low修饰。
当表达数量多，少large/small
In that country, the number of children going to school is higher in cities than in towns and village.在那个国家，城市儿童入学人数比乡镇及农村要高。
常与number搭配的动词有grow, fall等。
The number of families that own cars has been growing quickly recently.
近来拥有轿车的家庭数量增长很快。
21.put sth. to good use 好好利用
22.build/make ... out of 用……建造/制造
He built a model ship out of wood. 他用木头造了个模型船。
23.The top of the house is an old boat turned upside down.
turned upside down 意为“被翻转过来的；被颠倒过来的”，做后置定语修饰boat。
24.be made of和be made from
25. be known for 因……而著名
be known as 作为……而著名
be known to 对于某人来说是著名的
26.bring sb/sth back to life 使复活，给…以活力;
27. Rethink, Reuse, Recycle, Reduce!
re-是最常用的前缀之一re-表示以下三方面的意义：
1)表示“回”或“向后”的意思。return（回来）recall（回忆，召回）retract（缩回，取回）
2)表示“再”、“重新”、“重复”的意思。rethink（再思考）reuse（再运用）restart（重新开始）recycle（再利用）
3)表示“相反”、“反对”的意思。rebel（反叛，谋反）reverse （反转，颠倒）resist （反抗，抵抗）
28. She is a most unusual woman.
un-前缀，第一，表示否定意义。第二，表示“反动作”。即“相反的动作”。uncomfortable不舒服的unending无尽的unfortunate不幸的unusual不平常的unkind不仁慈的unbind解开，释放uncover揭开……的盖子unearth由地下掘出unbutton 解开钮扣
29.-ive是形容词后缀一般表示有......的create ﹢-ive = creative
30.recent ﹢-ly = recently形容词加ly变副词
31.Amy is an inspiration (n.灵感) to us all.
后缀-tion附在动词后面构成名词
1)当单词最后是t, d, te, de时，变名词加tion或者ation, ition；
2)当单词最后是元音字母时，变名词加sion等。
32. cut down 砍倒，减少
The little boy cut down the young tree with an axe
The doctor told me to cut down smoking and drinking.
cut up 切碎
cut off切断，停止
33.especially 尤其，特别
be full of =be filled with 充满
noise/air/water/land pollution 噪音，空气，水，陆地污染
throw...into... 扔进
cause the problem 引起麻烦
write to sb.=write a letter to sb.=write sb. a letter给某人写信
clean up 打扫干净
used to do 过去常常做某事
too much太多+U/too many太多+Cs/much too太..
play a part in
cut down
instead of+doing 代替rather than
make a difference
around here=near here 在附近
lead to 导入
idea for doing sth.
solve the problems解决问题solution n.解决
take the+交通工具=by+交通工具help/work起作用
remember to do/doing forget to do/doing
hear of /about 听说
hear from sb.=get/receive a letter from sb. 收到某人来信
be harmful to=do harm to
the food chain 食物链
the whole +n=all the + n
be in danger=be endangered
fall by over 90 percent 下降90%
increase by 是增加了多少increase to 是增加至多少
in the last/past 20 years 在过去的20年
begin with sth 以…为开始
add up 累加add… to…加…
stop to do/doing
take action 采取行动
pull…down 拆迁推到
set up=establish 建立
the best way to do sth = the best way of doing做某事的最佳方法
34．
Write a letter to the city major about the problem and your suggestions.
In your letter, describe the environmental problems in your town/city.
①What are the problems?②Where are they?③What or who is causing these problems?
Then, give suggestions or possible ways to solve the problems.
I think that… We should/ could… I suggest…
Dear Sir/ Madam,
Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world. With the development of the society, there are too many cars on the streets in our city. Cars have made the air unhealthy for people to breathe. Black smoke and poisonous gas are given off by factories. Factories also put waste into the river. And wherever we go, we can find rubbish.
Now more and more people have realized these problems. I think that governments should close down the factories and develop laws to stop people
from driving cars every day. I suggest everyone in this town should help to clean up the river and the streets. We should call on everyone in the town to throw rubbish in the dustbins.
I hope the problem will be solved in the near future and our home will become better and better.
35. land pollution 土地污染
36. fill the air with black smoke 使空气中充满了黑烟
37. use public transportation 使用公共交通
38. recycle books and paper 回收书和废纸
39. use paper napkins 使用纸巾
【重点句子】
1. Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish. 即使河底都充满垃圾。
2. Everyone in town should play a part in cleaning it up. 城里的每个人都应当尽一份力把它清理干净。
3. The air is badly polluted because there are too many cars on the road these days.
空气被严重污染因为如今路上的汽车太多了。
4. To cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving.
为了减少空气污染，我们应当乘坐公汽或地铁而不是开车。
5. I used to be able to see stars in the sky. 我过去能在天空中看到星星。
6. The air has become rea lly polluted around here. I’m getting very worried.
这儿的空气真的已经被污染了，我非常担心。
7. No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health.
没有科学研究说明鱼鳍对人们的健康有好处。
【单元知识点】
1. cost vt.1. 花费；价格为；值
例句：It must cost a good deal to live here. 住在这里一定要花很多钱的拓展：take，spend ，cost ，pay的用法都可以表示“花费”，但用法却不尽相同。
1）spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：
（1）spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）。例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。
（2）spend time ／money （in）doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。例：They spent two years （in）building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。
（3）spend money for sth. 花钱买……例：His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。
2）cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法如下：
（1）sth. costs （sb.）＋金钱，某物花了（某人）多少钱。例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。
（2）（doing）sth. costs （sb.）＋时间，某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间。例：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。
注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。
3）take后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：
（1）It takes sb. ＋时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例：It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
（2）doing sth. takes sb. ＋时间，做某事花了某人多少时间。例：Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。
4）pay的基本用法是：
（1）pay （sb.）money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买……例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。
（2）pay for sth. 付……的钱。例：I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。
（3）pay for sb. 替某人付钱。例：Don?蒺t worry!I'll pay for you. 别担心，我会给你付钱的。
（4）pay sb. 付钱给某人。例：They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。
（5）pay money back 还钱。例：May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗？下周还你。
（6）pay off one's money还清钱。
2. This method is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment.
这种方法不仅残酷，而且对环境有害。
（1）not only…but also…意为“不仅……而且……”用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其中的also有时可以省略。
如：She not only plays well, but also writes music. 她不仅很会演奏，而且还会作曲。
He not only writes his own plays, he also acts in them. 他不仅是自编剧本，还饰演其中的角色。
He works not only on weekdays but on Sundays as well. 他不仅平时工作，星期日也工作。
（2）若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。
如：Not only you but also he has to leave. 不只是你，他也得离开。
（3）若连接两个句子，not only后面的句子要用倒装，
如：Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 他不仅说得更正确，而且讲得更不费劲了。
3. work n. （音乐，艺术）作品
work的用法
作名词
1) 不可数，意为：工作；劳动；作业；功课事，成果，产品；工艺品，针线活
如：It takes a lot of work to dig a deep well. 挖一口深井很费事。
I have to bring my work home today. 今天我得把工作带回家做。
2) 作可数名词着作，作品
He is making a study of William Faulkner's works. 他在研究威廉?福克纳的作品。
作不及物动词（vi.）
1) 工作，劳动，干活[（+at/on）] She works in a restaurant.她在一家饭店工作。
2) （机器等）运转，活动
The machine won't work.机器不转了。
3) （由于使用等）逐渐变动；慢慢地前进
4) 起作用；行得通
Your suggestion works well. 你的建议很有效。
作及物动词（vt.）
1) 使工作，使干活
Don't work yourself to death. 别拼命做了。
2) 开动；操作
Please tell me how to work the machine. 请告诉我如何操纵这机器。
3) 通过努力取得；靠做工取得
4) 使缓慢前进；使逐渐变动
Can you work the screw loose? 你能使这个螺钉松开吗？
5) 造成，引起；激起
This scientist worked miracles. 这位科学家创造了奇迹。
6)安排，经营，管理
He worked the farm with great success. 这个农场他经营得很成功。
8) 影响；说服
I'll try to work him to my way of thinking. 我要设法说服他同意我的想法。
9) 精工细做
10) 计算，算出
【语法归纳】
动词不定式做目的状语时的用法
To cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving.
为了减少空气污染，我们应当乘坐公汽或地铁而不是开车。
本句中To cut down air pollution是动词不定式作目的状语。
动词不定式做目的状语时的用法
一、不定式和不定式短语作目的状语
不定式和不定式短语作目的状语，主要用来修饰动词，表示某一动作或状态的目的。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时，还可以在前面加in order to 或so as to。例如：
I've written it down in order not to forget.
He shouted and waved so as to be noticed.
在句子中作谓语动词的状语的不定式或不定式短语，表示的是主语的目的，因此，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。比较：
To draw maps properly, you need a special pen.（正）
To draw maps properly, a special pen is needed.（误）
由in order to 引导的目的状语，既可以置于句尾，也可以置于句首，而由so as to 引导的目的状语，只能置于句尾，而不能置于句首。比较：
They started early in order to get there in time.（正）
In order to get there in time, they started early.（正）
They started early so as to get there in time.（正）
So as to get there in time, they started early.（误）
二、不定式的复合结构作目的状语
当不定式或不定式短语有自己的执行者时，要用不定式的复合结构（即在不定式或不定式短语之前加for + 名词或宾格代词）作状语。例如：
He opened the door for the children to come in.
She fetched several bottles which she placed on the counter for Harry to inspect.
三、目的状语从句与不定式的转换
英语中的目的状语从句，还可以变为不定式或不定式短语作状语，从而使句子在结构上得以简化。可分为两种情况：
1. 当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同时，可以直接简化为不定式或不定式短语作状语。例如：
We'll start early in order that/so that we may arrive in time.
We'll start early in order to/so as to arrive in time.
2. 当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语不相同时，要用动词不定式的复合结构作状语。例如：
I came early in order that you might read my report before the meeting.
I came early （in order）for you to read my report before the meeting.
九年级英语unit13教案
九年级英语unit13教案 【篇一：九年级英语第十三单元教案unit 13 we】 unit 13 we’re trying to save the earth! 一、教学目标： 1. 语言知识目标 基本词汇：litter, advantage, bottom, fisherman, coal, ugly, cost, wooden, plastic, takeaway, bin, shark, fin, method, cruel. harmful, chain, ecosystem, industry, law, scientific, afford, reusable, transportation, recycle, napkin, upside, gate, bottle, president, inspiration, iron, work, metal, creativity, 基本词组：be harmful to, at the top(of sth.), take part in, turn off, take action, throw away, put sth. to good use, pull… down, bring back 基本句型：we’re trying to save the earth! the river used to be so clean. the air is badly polluted. no scientific studies have showed that shark fins are good for health. we should help save the sharks. 2. 技能目标: 能正确运用现在进行时，现在完成时，被动语态，情 态动词和used to 句型。 3. 情感目标: 有环境危机意识，学会关注环境保护环境。 二、教学重难点： 1. 教学重点：（1）能正确运用现在进行时，现在完成时，被动语态，情态动词和used to 句型。 （2）保护环境的措施方法。 2. 教学难点：能正确运用现在进行时，现在完成时，被动语态，情 态动词和used to 句型。 三、教学步骤: unit 13 section a 1 (1a-2d) i. presentation show the picture of the earth and tell students the earth is polluted now. for example: (1) the factories that burn coal pollute the air with a lot of black smoke.
初三英语模拟试题及答案
扬州中学教育集团树人学校九年级模拟考试 英语试卷 说明： 1.本试卷共8页，包含选择题（第1题～第45题，共45题）、非选择题（第46题～第81题， 共36题）两部分。满分120分，考试时间为100分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 2.答题前，考生务必将本人的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡相应的位置上，同时务必在试卷的装 订线内将本人的姓名、准考证号、毕业学校填写好，在试卷第4页的右下角填写好座位号。3.所有的试题都必须在专用的“答题卡”上作答，选择题用2B铅笔作答、非选择题在指定位置用 0.5毫米黑色水笔作答。在试卷或草稿纸上答题无效。 一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题l分，计15分） 在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。 ( )1. Tom told me that he needed a chair and that soon he found _________. A. it B. that C. one D. the one ( )2. I knock at the door several times but ____answered, so I left. A. somebody B. nobody C. anybody D. everybody ( )3. —_____ did your family spend the New Year? —In our hometown. A. Why B. When C. Where D. How ( )4. — How long will it be ________ the Stock Market returns to normal? — At least one year, I guess. A. before B. when C. until D. that ( )5. You are not ______ to smoke here. It’s dangerous. A. supposed B. suggested C. used D. allowing ( )6. — What took you so long? — I got lost. I have no _________ of direction. A. feeling B. ability C. knowledge D. sense ( )7. The best way to make sure that you can keep fit is to ______ healthy eating habits. A. find B. develop C. shape D. prepare ( )8. My computer began to return to the ______ running state after I killed the virus by newly-updated Kill 3000. A. ordinary B. normal C. average D. common ( )9. People _________ are bored are more likely to turn to unhealthy habits like smoking. A. which B. whom C. whose D. who ( )10. Their car broke down while they ________in the desert. A. drove B. were driving C. are driving D. will drive ( )11. Please pass the glasses, my dear. I can __________ read the words in the newspaper. A. hardly B. really C. rather D. clearly ( )12. The computer system _____suddenly while he was surfing the Internet.
新目标九年级unit13教案
Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth! Section A 1 (1a-2d) 一、教学目标： 1. 语言知识目标 基本词汇：litter, advantage, bottom, fisherman, coal, ugly, cost, wooden, plastic, takeaway, bin, shark, fin, method, cruel. Harmful, chain, ecosystem, industry, law, scientific, afford, reusable, transportation, recycle, napkin, upside, gate, bottle, president, inspiration, iron, work, metal, creativity, 基本词组：be harmful to, at the top(of sth.), take part in, turn off, take action, throw away, put sth. to good use, pull…down, bring back 基本句型：We’re trying to save the earth! The river used to be so clean. The air is badly polluted. No scientific studies have showed that shark fins are good for health. We should help save the sharks. 2. 技能目标: 能正确运用现在进行时，现在完成时，被动语态，情态动词和used to 句型。 3.情感目标: 有环境危机意识，学会关注环境保护环境。 二、教学重难点： 1. 教学重点：（1）能正确运用现在进行时，现在完成时，被动语态，情态动词 和used to 句型。（2）保护环境的措施方法。 2. 教学难点：能正确运用现在进行时，现在完成时，被动语态，情态动词和used to 句型。 三、教学步骤: I. Presentation Show the picture of the earth and tell students the earth is polluted now. For example: (1) The factories that burn coal pollute the air with a lot of black smoke. (2) Factories put waste into the river. (3) People should throw away litter in the bin. (4)There are more cars on the road. II. Learning Here are some words related to different kinds of pollution. Write them in the box below. Then add more words. loud music cars rubbish planes littering ships factories smoking building houses mobile phones noise pollution air pollution water pollution ____________ ___________ _____________ ____________ ___________ _____________ ____________ ___________ _____________ ____________ ___________ _____________ III. Listening 1. 1b Listen and complete the sentences. What was the problem? The river was _____________. Even the bottom (底部) of the river was full of
初中英语教学反思
初中英语教学反思(三) 今天给初一上课，学习的主要话题是关于用英语问候他人。教学内容大多以学生整体感知课文为主。以前教授时我针对课文内容作如下的安排： 1、学生听录音，感知课文。 2、听音，识图。 3、听音，重复课文。 4、分角色朗读课文。上完课我发现学生非常的听话，总是被我牵着走。老师让做什么，他们就做什么，学生始终处于被动中，可是这样的学习是不会有利于学生的长远发展的。 针对这种情况，我对教案做了重新调整，在本课中，我采用了“任务型”的教学途径。在热身复习之后，我交待了本课的学习任务，请同学们和老师一起多学一些礼貌用语。我们要开展评比“礼貌星”的活动。看谁能获胜。任务的明确，给了学生一个学习的动力，让他们有了明确的目标。他们的积极性就高了。当我组织学生参加“找朋友并问候你的朋友”的活动时，学生的学习兴趣达到了高潮。他们拍着手，兴致勃勃的去交朋友，用英语问候朋友。这种活动的设计也正是《新课标》中所倡导的：教师应依据课程的总体目标并结合教学内容，创造性地设计贴近学生实际的教学活动，吸引和组织他们积极参与。这样学生可以通过思考、交流和合作等方式，更好的学习和使用英语，完成学习任务。 当然了在采用“任务型”的教学途径的过程中，也有许多环节还需要我在今后的教学中进一步完善，如：活动不应该仅限于课堂教学，而应该延伸到课堂之外的学习和生活中，鼓励学生平日里多说英语，让学生达到“活学活用、学以致用”，更好的突出我们语言教学的语用性和交际性。 教师要能够进行教学反思，即要借助行动研究，不断探讨与解决教学目的、教学工具和自身方面的问题，不断提升教学实践的合理性。要对教育的理论和实践持有一种“健康”的怀疑态度，并及时地把思想变为行动。像教学活动要求学生“学会学习”一样，教师也要能够在反思中“学会教学”。其中，自觉性的反思行为是教师应该具备和坚持的。教师越能反思，在某种意义上说越是好老师。通过反思可以及时发现新问题，进一步激发教师的责任心，把教学实践提升到新的高度。教学反思的方法和过程其实也很简单：教师在每日教学结束后，进行简单的反思日记记载；教师之间相互听课观摩，并描述教学情境、交换意见；最重要的也是最能提高教师职业素养的一步是，教师要对他们在课堂中遇到的问题进行调查研究，反过来再改善教师的教学实践，并形成一种有意识地进行调查研究的良好习惯。我们要促进每个学生身心健康的发展，培养学生良好的品质的终身学习的能力，进行建设性学习，注重科学探究的学习，关注体验性学习，提倡交流与合作、自主创新学习。“学生是学习的主体”,这是教师普遍了解的一个教学原则，教师的责任不在于教，而在教学生学。应该改变以往那种让学生限在自己后面亦步亦趋的习惯，引导学生自主学习，学生学习的主战场在课堂，课堂教学是一个双边活动的过程，只有营造浓厚的自主学习氛围，唤起学生的主体意识，激起学习需要，学生才能真正去调动自身的学习潜能，进行自主学习，真正成为课堂学习的主人。学生学英语本来就是一种快乐的事，因为他们都对外国语很好奇，很感兴趣，可是要让他们持久保持这种兴趣需要花很大的精力。所以我就谈谈如何在课堂上调动学
人教版九年级英语试题及答案
灵璧县杨疃中学九年级英语摸底考试试卷 Ⅰ..单项填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分) 1. --What is Miss Gao's favorite________? --She is always in pink. Don't you know? A. colour B. book C. song D. movie 2. You __ drive your car so fast. It's very dangerous. A. wouldn't B. shouldn't C. couldn't D. mightn't 3. -- Would you like some milk? --________. A. Yes, please B. The same to you C. Help yourself D. My pleasure 4. -- ________ can you finish this English examination? -- In about one and a half hours. A. How far B. How often C. How soon D. How long 5. Smile to the world, ________ the world will smile back to you. A. nor B. but C. or D. and 6. -- I can't find David. Where is he? -- He ________ for tomorrow's competition at home. A. prepares B. is preparing C. has prepared D. prepared 7. Mrs. King put a coat ________ the sleeping girl to keep her warm. A. over B. with C. behind D. beside 8. --I am a little hungry, Mom. --There are some cakes on the plate. You can take ________. A. it B. one C. that D. this 9. I will meet Jane at the station. Please ________ what time she will arrive. A. count B. choose C. check D. catch 10. -- Tony, ________ are you in such a hurry? -- The meeting will start soon. I don't want to be late. A. where B.how C. when D. why 11. -- What was Jim wearing at the party? -- Nothing ________. He was in his usual shirt and jeans. A. special B. simple C. important D. interesting 12. -- It will be my turn. I feel a little nervous. --________ You can make it! A. Congratulations! B. Take it easy. C. kook out! D. Have a good time. 13. It is helpful to ________ a good habit of reading in language learning. A. take B. show C. develop D. match 14. The rivers will become dirtier and dirtier ______ we take action to protect them. A. since B. if C. until D. unless 15. -- Our school bus will leave at 8 o'clock tomorrow. Don't be late. -- OK. I will be there ten minutes________. A. sooner B. slower C. faster D. earlier 16. Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information ________ in a short time. A. can be learned B. has been learned C. can learn D. has learned 17. I'm surprised to hear from her. ________, we last met ten years ago. A. On one hand B. That is to say C. Believe it or not D. In other words 18. The people in Ya'an have met lots of difficulties, but they haven't ________ hope. A. picked up B. given up C. looked for D. waited for 19. I still remember the college and the teachers ________ I visited in London years ago. A. what B. who C. that D. which 20. --TV says there will be a storm tomorrow. -- ________I planned to go climbing with my classmates. A. I hope so B. I'm afraid so C. Sounds good D. Bad luck Ⅱ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题分，满分30分) A Mr. and Mrs. Green were very worried about their son, Leo. He seemed to be dumb (哑的) 21 he was normal in every other way. Mr. and Mrs. Green tried everything to get him to 22 , but with no success. When Leo was six years old, the best doctors in the town 23 him carefully, but could find nothing wrong. And he seemed to be smart. It was just that he 24 spoke. "There might be something wrong with his 25 , and he doesn't know he's able to speak," one doctor said. "But he can read and write," said Mr. Green. "We've written him notes, telling him that he can speak." "It's certainly very 26 ," another doctor said. "Perhaps he'll be able to speak some day." 27 passed. Leo went to university. But he did not speak a 28 word. Then one day, Leo was having a meal with his parents. Without any warning, he looked up from his 29 and said, "Pass me the salt, please." Mr. and Mrs. Green were excited. "You spoke! You spoke!" they cried, "Why have you 30 so long to speak?" "I didn't have anything to say," he said. "Until now everything was perfect. But you forgot to put salt in these potatoes." 21. A. because B. when C. though D. before 22. A. speak B. walk C. play D. laugh 23. A. taught B. found C. examined D. asked 24. A. never B. often C. usually D. always 25. A. back B. hair C. face D. mind 26. A. unfair B. strange C. noisy D. quiet
初三英语教学反思8篇
《初三英语教学反思》 初三英语教学反思（一）： 今年，我继续担任初三英语教学工作，针对本学年度考试成绩，结合本届初三学生英语学习的现状，我作了以下反思。 1、学生对英语学习缺乏自信心和学习动力；在英语课堂上不用心参与，缺少主动发言的热情或根本不愿意发言；另外，相当一部分学生在听新课时跟不上老师的节奏或不能理解教师相对较快的指示语。 2。学生对英语课堂知识的掌握不实在、理解不全面，课外花的冤枉时间多；而大部分学生对书本知识不够重视，找不到英语学科复习的有效载体，不能有效的利用课本，适时地回归课本，英语复习缺乏系统性，英语学习缺乏主动性。 3。部分学生在复习时缺乏系统安排和科学计划，或者学习和复习没有个性化特点，导致学习效果不明显。 基于以上状况，我认为作为学生中考的把关者，教师首先要有正确地意识，应充分认识到：一节课有没有效益，并不是指教师有没有教完资料或教得认真不认真，而是指学生有没有学到什么或学生学得好不好。如果学生不想学或学了没有收获，即使教师教得很辛苦也是无效教学；或者学生学得很辛苦，却没有得到应有的发展，也是无效或低效教学。 针对以上问题，我们能够从以下几个方面进行提高： 一、在教学的设计中要充分为学而教，以学生如何有效获取知识，提高潜力的标准来设计教学。其实在教学中，备课是一个必不可少，十分重要的环节，备学生，又要备教法。备课不充分或者备得不好，会严重影响课堂气氛和用心性，记得一位优秀的老师曾说过：备课备不好，倒不如不上课，否则就是白费心机。我明白到备课的重要性，因此，每一天我都花费超多的时间在备课之上，认认真真钻研教材和教法，不满意就不收工。虽然辛苦，但事实证明是值得的。 二、多鼓励后进生开口说英语，并能及时地表扬他们。每一天做好后进生的补差工作，绝不把这天的事情拖到明天来做。 三、在复习过程中，还要采取一些必要的措施来巩固和增强复习效果。如做到：（一）根据复习资料，布置适量的难度适中的练习；（二）循环考试，即每学完一部分后，进行阶段性测试，对试卷进行评分登记，以充分调动学生的学习用心性和自觉性。 四、在整个英语复习中还应遵循一条原则：摆正师生关系，做到以教师为主导，以学生为主体；以教学大纲为基础，以应用为目的。在归纳、检查、分析、 比较、讨论、总结中因势利导，因材施教，从而到达提高学生自学潜力，提高复习效果的目的，在中考中取得优异的成绩。 总之，离中考的日子是已经越来越近了，虽然我们已经逐认识到课堂教学的 重要性和对学生指导的紧迫性，但是离相对满意的初三英语课堂的目标还存在必须的差距。因此，我们需要不断地更新理念，提高自身的理论水平和实践潜力，为学生的英语发展和简单应对中考作出更大的努力。
2014新版人教版九年级英语Unit13教案unit 13-5
学科English 年级9 班级 课型fresh 课时 5 / 6 媒体a tape recorder, CAI 课题Unit 13 we’re trying to save the earth! Section A 2a ~ 2e 话题 Protecting the environment 功能Talk about pollution and environmental protection 教 学目标知识 技能 1.Target language: Have you ever thought about how these things can actually be put to good use? You have probably never heard of Amy. The more popular works can be seen in art shops around the city. 2.Grammar: Present perfect, passive voice 3.Words and expressions; (1)Curriculum words: upside, gate, bottle, president, inspiration, iron, work, creativity (2)Useful expressions: throw away, put sth. to good use, pull…down, upside down, bring back X k B 1 . c o m 过程 方法 According to reading to improve students’ integrating skills-reading skill and writing skill. 情感 态度 We must realize the importance of recycling, It not only is a useful saving of money but also can protect our environment． 学习策略1. Learn to predict what the reading passage is about. 2.Reading for general ideas and specific details. 重点Target Language 难点 Practice reading and writing using the target language. 教学内容及问题情境学生活动设计意图 2a. To prompt Ss predict what the reading passage is about. Checking for understanding Check Ss adequately understand the three words used in the title. ?rethink –think carefully about something again to see if changes 新- 课 -标- 第 -一- 网 让学生初步 理解前缀的 作用：改变 单词的含 义。
九年级下学期英语教学反思与总结
九年级英语下学期第一次教学 反思与总结 新学期开学已经两周了，回望自己的教学，深深感到存在着很多的问题和不足，下一阶段时间紧，任务重，为了今后的综合复习做好充分的准备，我对这一阶段的英语教学工作从学生和课堂教学等方面进行反思和总结，以便更好的做好今后的教学、复习工作。 经过这一阶段的观察，学生英语学习中存在以下主要问题： 1. 学生对英语学习缺乏兴趣、自信心和学习动力；在英语课堂上不积极参与，缺少主动发言的热情或根本不愿意发言；另外，相当一部分学生在听新课时跟不上老师的节奏或不能理解教师相对较快的指示语。 2. 学生对英语课堂知识的掌握不实在、理解不全面，课外花的冤枉时间多。大部分学生对书本知识不够重视，找不到英语学科复习的有效载体，不能有效的利用课本，适时地回归课本，英语复习缺乏系统性，英语学习缺乏主动性。 3. 部分学生缺少教师明确的指导，在复习时缺乏系统安排和科学计划，或者学习和复习没有个性化特点, 导致学习效果不明显。 基于以上情况，我认为作为学生中考的把关者，首先要有正确地意识，应充分认识到：一节课有没有效益，并不是指教师有没有教完内容或教得认真不认真，而是指学生有没有学到什么或学生学得好不好。如果学生不想学或学了没有收获，即使教师教得很辛苦也是无效教学；或者学生学得很辛苦，却没有得到应有的发展，也是无效或低效教学。 英语教学和其他学科一样，有严谨的系统性和连贯性。学生在初一、初二段所获得的语言技能，能否在初三年级得到继续发展，是防止分化的又一个问题。这就给教师提出了更高的要求，即力求把教学搞“实”、搞“活”。所谓“实”就是讲究实际效果，把课程标准化为具体的要求，落实到教和学上，对每课时的教学计划逐项落实。课堂上，认真贯彻落实校长在教师教研会议上提出的“六个半”
九年级英语UNIT13教案
人教版新目标九年级英语Unit13 Reading 案例 教学目标：(teaching goals) 1.words and phrases: guilty, thought, would rather, prefer to … 2.read the article, and try to know the idea https://www.360docs.net/doc/a56810307.html,e some of the adj. from the article to make a short passage. 教学重点：(teaching ip)reading and understanding the article. 教学难点：(teaching dp)create a things with an adj. that affect you. 教学用具：(teaching tools)小黑板 教学过程：（teaching steps） step1. warming-up show some adj. on the blackboard, let ss make up sentences with “make(s) or made”. sad, happy, surprised, anxious, exhausted, frustrated, stressed out… step2. showing when your friends’ birthday is coming, what will you do?(gifts or presents) what’s your suggestions? (hard to give: clothes, personal things, easy to give: small things, interests) lead to this saying: it’s the thought that count. today let’s learn about the art of receiving.(write the title on the blackboard) step3.reading 1.let ss read the article fast, and check the exercise on the small blackboard. ( )1.guo xiaojing’s parents were very happy because she liked the sweater they bought. ( )2.han ling didn’t like the birthday gift from her grandparents. ( )3.han ling’s grandparents gave her an orange purse a few years ago. ( )4.sometimes, giving money to people makes them uncomfortable. ( )5.the passage is mainly talking about the art of receiving. 2.check the answers and correct the right answers. 3.talk about the main idea of each para. 4.ask one of the ss to read the article. step4.practice. (complete the exercise from 3a) use “embarrassed, guilty, comfortable” to create ss’ own things . step5.homework
九年级英语教学反思
初中英语教学反思 课堂教学是一门艺术，而且是一门有缺憾的艺术。科学、有效地反思可以帮助我们减少缺憾。当我们用批判、审视的眼光看待自己的思想、观念和行为，并做出理性的判断和选择时，我们就是在反思，变革。 教学反思以探究和解决教学问题为出发点，以追求教学实践的合理性为目标，以实现教师自身发展贯穿全过程，是“教学相长”的完美统一。在教学反思的实践中，教师可以借助行动研究的方法,把自己的教学实践与学生的反馈信息结合在一起作为一个认识对象进行分析，探讨与解决教学设计、教学过程中出现的问题，不断提升教学实践的可行性、合理性，促进教学效果、教学效益的提高，同时也不断提高教师的教科研能力，促进教师专业化，锻炼教师自我发展和自身素质的提升。所以提高教师的教学反思能力，能够提高教师对教学进行积极、主动地计划、检查、评价、反馈、控制和调节的能力，促进学生的学习。 我在英语教学中，经常从以下方面入手进行反思： 一是反思教学设计。为避免自己过分地依赖已有的教学经验，或照搬现成的教案，在授课前的备课阶段，我经常结合现在学生的实际，反思原有的教学设计，因为我感觉“照本宣科”的教学是教师的“一厢情愿”，学生不会有太多的兴趣。 例如，在教学九年级英语Ｕnit 4 We’re trying to save the manatees! 时，我曾经参考教参，照搬了一个教案。通过创设情景由询问“图上有什么”开始，由浅入深，以旧带新，引出动物园，动物园中有的东西，尤其复习了动物名称。通过表格形式从比较城市和乡村到比较中国的农场与美国的
农场，发挥了学生的想象力，最后为比较级和最高级的操练活动。老实说，两部分内容学习下来，学生的反映还不错。但通过反思，我觉得学生所有的活动都是在根据教师的要求找答案，学生一直在被老师拖着走。学生的主动性还没有得到进一步发挥，而且两部分内容缺少连贯性与整体性，尤其是第二部分比较等级的操练，更缺少学生感兴趣的语言内容。我就试着对这一教学设计重新策划，重点就是如何用活教材？首先我调整了一、二部分内容的顺序，在复习的基础上，直接用图片引出city 、country这两个词，然后，根据第二部分进行比较等级的操练，话题引入country,引出更多关于country的特点，如物产、季节、色彩等，然后讲述farm里的东西，引入第一部分，使得一、二部分浑然一体，突出围绕一个主题On the farm，而且学生兴趣浓厚，自己主动用书本上的新语句帮忙组织对话，这样的效果与前一设计的效果又有了很大的不同。 所以备课时对过去的经验进行反思，结合新的教学理念，看学生现在的实际情况、现有的教学条件、教具。在设计教案时，我常常要罗列反思的项目：如需要给学生讲解的关键概念到位了吗？教学重点、难点的确定是否准确？学生已有哪些生活经验和知识储备？教学内容的深度、广度对学生是否适度？呈现方式是否符合学生的心理特点，学生能接受吗？学生在接受新知识时会出现哪些情况？哪些因素会影响课的效果？哪些学生需要特别关注？教学前的反思能给自己的课堂教学作好铺垫。 二是反思教学过程。即在教学过程中，常有不可预料情况发生，这时教师要进行及时的反思：根据学生的学习效果反馈，对教学计划进行适当的调整。虽然在备课时，教师已预设了种种教学方案，但在实际教学中还
九年级英语教学反思汇总
九年级英语教学反思汇总 面对九年级的学生，不论是对老师来说，还的对学生来说，英语教学都是一个巨大的 挑战。它关系到学生的毕业与升学，关系到学生的前途和命运。尤其是对于教师来说，那简直是“任重而道并不远”。接下来一起看看九年级英语教学反思，希望对你能有所帮助。 教学有法，但教无定法;摸石头过河，各显风采。现将教学工作中的一些想法及做法反思总结如下： 一、下功夫狠抓英语学习习惯的养成教育。 跟班而上，执教毕业班，我深感学生的英语学习习惯养成较差，40%的学生书写太差。如大写字母W、M的拼写，r、v写得分辩不出来，单词的各个字母之间空隙太大等等;2、绝大部分学生不识音标，不会根据音标拼读单词;3、有一多半的学生写句子时，第一个单词的第一个字母竟不大写，句末不加标点符号;4、学生懒于动笔，绝大部分学生有“一看就会、一写就错”的毛病;5、对于单词，几乎全部的学生只注重它们的拼写，不注重它们的用法;6、学生对时态一窍不通。有一节课上，我写了这个句子：Shestudieshard.让学生将其 变成一般疑问句。全班只有一个同学(龙莹)做对了。一多半学生对英语毫无兴趣。今年的 这一班，学生英语基础略差：我现在所教的九年级学生，在八年级期末考试中算是最好的，但基础不够扎实，面对这种现状，我首先从教音标入手，从练习字母的写法开始，两周的时间学生改掉了一些不良习惯：如班级中有一半的学生书写正规、认真了;大部分学生写句子知道加标点了等等。当然，好习惯的形成需要一个漫长的过程。只耍肯努力，那一定有 希望。 二、抓主线，搞好课堂教学，向45分钟要质量。 针对学生英语基础较差这种情况，我从讲解最简单最基本的知识入手，激发他们学习 英语的兴趣，让他们觉得英语并不难学。每节课前，我都认真钻研教材，对教材的基本思想、基本概念甚至每句话、每个单词都弄清楚，了解教材的结构，如重点与难点，考虑学 生原有的知识水平、实际情况，找出适合他们的教学方法，考虑他们接受知识的过程中可 能会有哪些困难，怎样采取相应的预防措施等等。备课充分，课堂上就能有的放矢。上课时我想方设法让学生全身心投入。关注全体学生，精讲多练，语言简洁明了，提问面向全体学生，对不同知识水平的学生提问不同的问题。对于后进生，多提问，多巡视，多辅导，让他们回答最简单的问题，使他们体会到学习英语的乐趣，树立起他们学习的信心。向高标准进军。 三、搞好课外辅导，解诀实际问题丨 课外作业，布置得少而精，绝不是机械重复的作业，并且针对不同英语水平的学生布 置不同的作业，真正做到因材施教。对于优等生，课堂上讲的知识他们能立刻掌握，因此
九年级英语试题及答案
参考答案 一听力 1-5BDECA 6-10ACAAB 11-15ABCCA 16-20ABBAC 21 interested 22 attention 23 perfect 24 learning 25 success 二完型填空26-30 DBACD 31-35 BBCAC 三阅读A 36-40 BCCBD 阅读B 41-45 BADCB 阅读C 46.-50ADBDC 四读写综合 51It stands for Playstation Portable . 52Its name is Sony . 53 It makes three types . 54 We can play Playstation games ,and play DVDs and CDs . 55 The playstation 2 is the most powerful . 56.past 57.Over 58.cars 59.died 60.together 五完成句子 61 see off 62 an honest 63 make understood 64 for on 65 been came 六作文 With the improving of living standard ,nowadays ,almost everyone can afford a cell phone . But every coin has two sides .When we are enjoying the benefits that cell phones have brought us ,we are facing many problems now. First ,cell phones have brought us many conveniences . With the using of cell phones , we can surf on the Internet whenever we like without opening a computer . Second ,it can help us with some learning ,because we can look up the words in the digital dictionary .Third , we can do some shopping at any time . However ,the cell phone also has many disadvantages . First ,many students often spend too much time playing games .It is bad for their eyes and studies .Second ,some students often chat with strangers online .Sometimes ,they may get cheated . In a word ,I think we should use the cell phone properly .