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向杲，字初旦，太原人。与庶兄晟，友于最敦。晟狎一妓，名波斯，有割臂之盟;以其母取直奢，所约不遂。适其母欲从良，愿先遣波斯。有庄公子者，素善波斯，请赎为妾。波斯谓母曰：“既愿同离水火，是欲出地狱而登天堂也。若妾媵之，相去几何矣!肯从奴志，向生其可。”母诺之，以意达晟。时晟丧偶未婚，喜，竭资聘波斯以归。庄闻，怒夺所好，途中偶逢，大加诟骂。晟不服。遂嗾从人折棰笞之，垂毙乃去。杲闻奔视，则兄已死，不胜哀愤。具造赴郡。庄广行贿赂，使其理不得伸。杲隐忿中结，莫可控诉，惟思要路刺杀庄。日怀利刃，伏于山径之莽。久之，机渐泄。庄知其谋，出则戒备甚严;闻汾州有焦桐者，勇而善射，以多金聘为卫。杲无计可施，然犹日伺之。一日，方伏，雨暴作，上下沾濡，寒战颇苦。既而烈风四塞，冰雹继至，身忽然痛痒不能复觉。岭上旧有山神词，强起奔赴。既入庙，则所识道士在焉。
先是，道士尝行乞村中，杲辄饭之，道士以故识杲。见杲衣服濡湿，乃以布袍授之，曰：“姑易此。”杲易衣，忍冻蹲若犬，自视，则毛革顿生，身化为虎。道士已失所在。心中惊恨。转念：得仇人而食其肉，计亦良得。下山伏旧处，见己尸卧丛莽中，始悟前身已死;犹恐葬于乌鸢，时时逻守之。越日，庄始经此，虎暴出，于马上扑庄落，龁其首，咽之。焦桐返马而射，中虎腹，蹶然遂毙。杲在错楚中，恍若梦醒;又经宵，始能行步，厌厌以归。家人以其连夕不返，方共骇疑，见之，喜相慰问。杲但卧，蹇涩不能语。少间，闻庄信，争即床头庆告之，杲乃自言：“虎即我也。”遂述其异。由此传播。庄子痛父之死甚惨，闻而恶之，因讼杲。官以其事诞而无据，置不理焉。
异史氏曰：壮士志酬，必不生返，此千古所悼恨也。借人之杀以为生，仙人之术亦神哉!然天下事足发指者多矣。使怨者常为人，恨不令暂作虎!
1.解释下列句子中加点的词
（1）垂．毙乃去（）
（2）此千古所悼恨．也（）
2.用现代汉语解释下面的句子
先是，道士尝行乞村中，果辄饭之，道士以故识累。
3.下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是（）
A.向晟为娶波斯不惜倾其所有，是因为对波斯一往情深；庄公子怒夺所好，便致人于死地，实在是恶霸行径。
B.向杲听说哥哥被活活打死，悲痛万分，先告官府，官府不能伸张正义，向杲这才铤而走险，一心要刺杀仇人。
C.道士感激乐善好施的向杲，拿出布袍让浑身湿透的向杲换上，不料竟把向杲变成猛虎，使向杲得以完成复仇的心愿。
D.作者通过向杲复仇“志酬而“生返”的神奇故事，揭露了当时社会弱肉强食的黑暗现实，表达了下层人民以暴抗暴的愿望。
参考答案：
1.（1）通“棰”，用根棒打死（2）遗憾
2.此前，这个道士曾在村中行乞，向杲给过他饭吃，所以道士认识向杲。
3.C（错在“不料竟把向杲变成猛虎”曲解文意，道士应该是有意帮助向杲。）
9．对下列句子中加点词的解释，不正确的一项是
A．其母取直奢直，通“值”，钱财
B．具造赴郡具，通“俱”，都
C．惟思要路刺杀庄要，通“腰”，要路，半道上
D．寒战颇苦战，通“颤”，发抖
10．下列各组句子中，加点词的意义和用法相同的一组是
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高考英语阅读理解翻译
2010山东高考英语阅读理解翻译 Chｒistophｅr Ｔhomas，2７, was a wriｔeｒbｙnigｈt ａnd a teａcher ｂy daｙwhｅnｈe noticｅd hｅwａs alｗays tｉrｅｄand was losiｎｇｗeigｈt fａst、Diａｇnosｅｄｗiｔh diａbetｅs（糖尿病), Thｏmａsｗｏulｄnｅｅｄｔo inject ｈimｓelf ｗｉtｈinｓuｌin（胰岛素）thｒee timeｓa ｄay fo ｒｔhe ｒｅst of his life ｏr risｋnerｖe damage，blinｄnｅss, and even death、And if tｈａt ｗeｒｅn't bａd enｏugｈ, hｅhａd no healtｈinsurance、?Aｆｔｅr a monｔh of feeｌing upsｅt, Thomaｓde ｃidｅd hｅ'd betｔｅr ｆind a wａy to fighｔｂack、Heｌeft Caｎton，MichｉgaｎfoｒNew York, goｔa jｏｂwaiting tables,nｉcｋnamｅd hｉｍｓelfｔhｅＤiaｂｅｔiｃRoｃkstａr, ａnd ｃreateｄdiabeticrｏcｋstaｒ、, a free onliｎe ｍuniｔｙｆor diａbeｔics and theｉｒlovｅd ones-ａplace wherｅｏｖer1，1００people share ｐersoｎalｓtorｉes，infoｒmａtion，anｄresoｕrceｓ、Jason Sｗencｋi’s soｎ, Kody, ｗas dｉagｎosed wiｔh type diabｅtｅs at ｓiｘ、Fatｈeｒand son vｉｓit the onlineｃhildren'ｓfoｒuｍs（论坛）together ｍosｔeｖｅnings、”Ｋｏdy gets so ｅxcｉted，wｒｉtinｇtｏkids fｒom ａll over," says Sｗencki，onｅof the siｔe's volunteeｒｓ、＂Thｅy ｋｎow what he's gｏｉｎgｔhｒouｇh，so he doｅｓn’t ｆeel alｏｎe、" Kody is anytｈiｎｇbｕt ａlone：Diａbetes is now the ｓｅｖenth ｌｅａdｉｎg cauｓｅｏｆｄｅathｉｎthe United Statｅｓ，witｈ2４milliｏn diａgnｏsｅdｃasｅs、And mｏｒｅｐｅople are being diａｇnosed at yoｕｎger agｅs、These days，Ｔhoｍａs＇ｓmaｉn focus isｈiｓchaｒity（慈善机构）, FｉghtＩt, whiｃh pｒｏvｉｄes meｄicｉｎeｓand ｓuppliｅs tｏpeoplｅ—2２5 to dａte—who can’ｔafforｄａdiabetic's huｇe eｘｐenses、Figｈｔ-it、org ｈaｓraised about$２3,000—ｉn pｒｏducｔs anｄin cash、Ｉn Ｍay, Thomas will hｏldｔhe first annual Diabｅtｉc RoｃｋstａｒFestivaｌｉn theＣａribbean、?Ｅven ｗｉth a sｔaff of22 voluｎｔeers，Ｔhomａs ｏｆten dｅvotｅs up to５0 hｏurs ａｗeek to hｉs cause，whiｌe ｓtill ｄoiｎg his full-tｉme ｊoｂwaitｉｎｇtaｂleｓ、＂Of thｅdiabet ｅs charｉties out thｅre, moｓt are puｔtiｎｇｍoｎey inｔｏｆindiｎg a cｕrｅ，” ｓａyｓBｅntley Gubar，oneｏf Rocｋstａr＇s original memberｓ、＂ＢuｔChｒiｓtｏpher is thｅonly persｏｎI kｎow ｓａying people neeｄhｅlｐnow、" 克里斯托弗托马斯，现年27岁，她白天就是一名教师,晚上就是一名作家,她发现她总就是很累,并且瘦了很多。她被诊断出患有糖尿病，一天需要注射三次胰岛素来维持生命，否则,她有可能失明,甚至死亡。最糟糕得就是，她没有医疗保险。?经过一个月得感觉不适,托马斯决定最好找到一个方法来反击.她离开广州,纽约密歇根，找到了一份工作，她称自己为糖尿病得Ｒｏcｋｓtaｒ,并创办了网站ｄiaｂｅtｉcrocksｔaｒ、,一个免费得在线社区，这就是一个超过110０人分享个人故事,信息,资源得地方。 贾森得儿子,科迪，被诊断为六个类型得糖尿病.父亲与儿子经常在晚上一起访问儿童论坛.科迪变得非常激动,写给全国各地得孩子,Swenｃki,该网站得志愿者之一。她们知道她得经历，所以她并不孤独。糖尿病就是目前第七届在美国死亡得首要原因与诊断240０万例。而更多得人被诊断为更小得年龄。?这些天，托马斯得主要焦点就是她得慈善事业（慈善机构)，为之奋斗,它提供药品与用品给那些谁买不起糖尿病药得人.她提出了约２３,00０元，在产品与现金。今年5月，托马斯将在加勒比地区得第一个年度糖尿病得Roｃkstar节.?尽管有22名志愿者在帮她,托马斯任然每周工作50小时以上,同时,她还要做那份全职工作。在慈善事业外,大部分得钱投入到治愈糖尿病得研究当中，本特利格巴说，Rocｋｓtar得创始成员之一,克里斯托弗就是我知道得唯一得人说现在得人需要帮助。
2010年至2016年考研阅读理解真题及翻译答案
2016年英语考研真题及答案 Par`t A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points) Text 1 France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that” incite excessive thinness”by promoting extreme dieting. Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starring themselves to health –as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape –measure they must use to determine their individual worth. The bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman (and many men )that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty .And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques . The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mess could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison. The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement. In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age, health, and other characteristics of
四级阅读理解与翻译
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. Boys' schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and involve them in activities such as art, dance and music. Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity (阳刚), the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to a stereotype. a US study says. Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness, rather than feeling they had to conform to the "boy code" of hiding their emotions to be a "real man". The findings of the study so against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls. Tony Little, headmaster of Eton, warned that boys were being faded by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls. The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when their female peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills. But in single-sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys' learning style, letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom, wrote the study's author, Abigail James, of the University of Virginia Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with "boy-focused" approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Because boys generally have more acute vision learn best through touch, and are physically more active, they need to be given "hands-on" lessons where they are allowed to walk around. "Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine (女性的) and prefer the modem genre (类型) in which violence and sexism are major themes, "James wrote. Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype that men should be "masterful and in charge" in relationships. "In mixed schools boys feel compelled to act like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means, " the study reported. 57. The author believes that a single-sex school would ____ . A) force boys to hide their emotions to be "real men" B) help to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boys C) encourage boys to express their emotions more freely D) naturally reinforce in boys the traditional image of a man 58. It is commonly believed that in a mixed school boys _____ . A) Perform relatively better C) behave more responsibly B) grow up more healthily D) receive a better education 59. What does Tony Little say about the British education system?