电渗析法浓缩低浓度含铜废水

2013年第32卷第10期CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS ·2497·

化工进展

电渗析法浓缩低浓度含铜废水

瞿广飞,吴淼淼,宁平,郭辉

(昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,云南昆明 650500)

摘要:对低浓度含铜废水(10~50 mg/L)进行了电渗析浓缩实验研究。实验在自制电渗析装置中进行,电渗析反应槽内置交替排列的阴、阳离子交换膜,从而将反应槽分隔成阴、阳极极室、清室和浓室。废水中的铜离子由于电场力的作用透过离子交换膜被富集浓缩。实验分别考察了直流电压、极板间距、通电时间等因素对铜离子去除效率和浓缩倍数的影响,并分析其原因。结果显示,温度20 ℃、电压8 V、pH=7,极板间距360 mm、通电时间1 h时,铜离子去除效率可达90.4%,浓缩倍数为3.5,清室铜离子浓度为1.44 mg/L。

关键词:电渗析;浓缩;含铜废水

中图分类号:X 52 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000–6613(2013)10–2497–05

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6613.2013.10.039

Low concentration copper-containing wastewater treatment by

electrodialysis concentration

QU Guangfei,WU Miaomiao,NING Ping,GUO Hui

(Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming

650500,Yunnan,China)

Abstract:This research conducted an experiment on low concentration copper-containing wastewater

(10 mg/L to 50 mg/L) by electrodialysis concentration in an electrodialysis device. Anion and cation

exchange membranes are alternately installed in the electrodialysis reactive tank,which divided the reactor into anodal chamber,cathodal chamber,dilute chamber and concentrated chamber. Driven by electric field force,the copper ions in the wastewater were concentrated before penetrating through the ion exchange membranes. The experiment investigated the influences of DC voltage,electrode spacing,power-on time and other factors on the copper ion removal efficiency and enrichment factor.

The results were analyzed in details. The results showed that copper ion removal efficiency can be as high as 90.4% at 20 ℃,8 V,pH=7,360 mm of electrode spacing,1 h of power-on,,and the enrichment factor can be 3.5,and copper ion concentration in the dilute chamber can be as high as 1.44 mg/L.

Key words:electrodialysis;concentration;copper-containing wastewater

含铜废水通常来源于电镀、化工、印染、染料生产、有色冶炼、有色金属矿山开采、电子材料漂洗废水等过程,其作为工业废水之一受到了广泛关注[1-2]。铜离子进入环境后不能被生物降解,只能发生迁移和形态转化,往往参与食物链循环并最终在生物体内富集,破坏生物体正常生理代谢活动[3],对生态环境和人体健康危害极大[4-7]。目前,常用的含铜废水处理方法主要有化学法、吸附法[8]、离子交换法、反渗透法、电渗析法[9-11]。化学法需要向水中加入大量化学药剂,且产生大量的污泥,出水含盐量高,难以回用,出水外排有可能造成二次污

收稿日期:2013-05-15;修改稿日期:2013-06-05。

基金项目:教育部重点实验室开放基金(10zxgko4)及环保部公益项目(201109034)。

第一作者:瞿广飞(1978—),男,博士,副教授,主要从事污水处理及资源化研究。联系人:宁平,教授,博士生导师,主要从事大气污染控制及资源化利用。E-mail ningping58@https://www.360docs.net/doc/a68349843.html,。

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