医学英语口语对话中英对照

医学英语口语对话中英对照

P: Good morning, doctor.

D: Good morning, please sit

down. What seems to be the

matter?

P: I think I might have caught a cold.

D: How long have you been sick? P: For two days.

D: What symptoms do you have? P: I have a runny nose and I ache all over.

D: What was the discharge like? P: Watery.

D: Is it the same today?

P: No, it is yellow and thicker today.

D: Do you have a fever?

P: I haven't taken my

temperature yet, but I feel

feverish.

D: Let me take your temperature.

It will take 10 minutes. ... Yes,

you do have a fever. Were you exposed to cold

temperatures?

P: Yes, the day before yesterday when I went to work, the

weather was warm so I didn't

wear extra clothes. In the

evening the temperature

dropped down rapidly. On the

way home I felt very cold.

After arriving home I began to sneeze. When I got out of bed

the next morning my nose

was stuffy and running.

D: Do you have a cough?

P: I just started coughing today. D: Do you have phlegm?

P: Yes, but not much.

D: What color is it?

P: Pale yellow.

参考译文

病人：早上好，医生。

医生：早上好。请坐。您那里不舒服？病人：我想我感冒了。

医生：您病了多久了？

病人：2天。

医生：您有什么症状吗？

病人：我流鼻涕，而且觉得全身疼痛。医生：鼻涕怎么样的？

病人：水样的。

医生：今天也一样吗?

病人：不，今天是黄色的，而且变稠了。医生：有没有发热啊？

病人：我没有测过体温，但是我自己觉

得发烧了。

医生：让我先帮您测体温。大概需要十

分钟。 ... ... 是的，您确实是发

热。您怕冷吗？

病人：是的。前天我去上班的时候天气

还挺暖和的，当时我就没有多

穿衣服。但晚上温度下降得很

快，当我回家的时候我觉得很

冷。回家后，我就开始打喷嚏

了。第二天早上起床的时候我

就觉得鼻塞流涕了。

医生：您有没有咳嗽啊？

病人：今天刚开始。

医生：您有痰吗？

病人：有，但不多。

医生：什么颜色的？

病人：浅黄色的。

D: Is it easy to cough up?

P: Not very. I have to use effort to cough it up. The phlegm is a

little sticky.

D: Have you been sweating?

P: I sweated a little after taking some medicine for fever last

night.

D: Are you thirsty?

P: Yes, I feel like drinking cool water.

D: Do you have a sore throat? P: Yes, I do.

D: I want to look at your throat.

Please open your mouth.

D: Do you feel any other

discomfort?

P: I feel sore everywhere and I feel very tired too.

D: Please stick out your tongue and let me have a look. You

have a red tongue with thin

and yellow coating, which

indicates wind and heat in the superficial area. Please put

your hand here and let me

feel your pulse. ... The pulse

is superficial and rapid.

P: What does a superficial and rapid pulse mean?

D: A superficial pulse means the attack of pathogens to the

exterior layer of the body

which is called exterior

syndrome in Traditional

Chinese medicine, while a

rapid pulse indicates heat. P: What is the diagnosis of

Chinese medicine for me?

D: It is a common cold.

According to the symptoms,

the manifestation of the

tongue and pulse, you have

got a common wind-heat

type cold.

医生：容易咯出来吗？

病人：不是太容易。我需要用力才能咯

出。这痰有点粘稠。

医生：您有出汗吗？

病人：昨晚吃了退烧药后出了一点。

医生：觉得口渴吗？

病人：是的，我比较想喝冷水。

病人：是的，

医生：我想要看看您的喉咙，请张开口。医生：您还觉得哪里不舒服吗？

病人：我觉得全身疼痛，而且觉得非常

累。

医生：请伸出舌头让我看看。他的是舌

红苔薄黄，提示着风热袭表。

医生：请把手放到这里，我给您把把脉。

脉是浮数的。

病人：脉浮数意味着什么？

医生：浮脉代表着邪袭体表，在中医里

这也叫表证，而数脉提示的是

有热。

病人：中医诊断是什么？

医生：根据症状、舌脉的表现，这属于

感冒，风热型。

P: Can you explain it more in detail?

D: Pathogenic wind heat often attacks the body through the

nose and mouth. The lung is

involved first. Pathogenic

wind of yang nature is

characterized by upward and

outward dispersion. When a

fight goes on between the

pathogenic wind heat and the

body resistance, fever, slight

aversion to wind and

sweating result. When the

pathogenic wind heat attacks

the head, symptoms like pain

and distending sensation

occur in head.

P: That's interesting.

D: When the lung fails to

disperse and descend, a

ten-year-old patient has a

cough with yellow, thick

sputum. When the pathogenic wind heat stifles the air

passage, the patient

experiencing a congested

sore throat with thirst. Thin,

white or yellowish tongue

coating, and superficial rapid

pulse are the signs showing

the lung and the defensive

system being attacked by the

pathogenic wind heat.

P: I see. I'd like to be treated with Traditional Chinese medicine.

That is why I came here. What kind of treatment will you give to me?

D: I suggest the prescription

Yin Qiao San for you. It is a

typical formula for treating

wind heat type of common

cold. We may modify it by

adding some more herbs to

relieve the sore throat and

the runny nose. I will give

you four doses. Every day

take one. Every dose brings

to a boil and drain off the

liquid. Add cold water and

bring it to a boil the second

time. Drink the liquid from

both times. Do you

understand?

病人：你能详细解释一下吗？

医生：风热之邪常会通过口鼻侵犯机体，而肺先受之。属于阳的风邪就

具有向上、向外升散的特性。

当风热之邪与机体正气相互搏

斗，就会导致发热、恶风以及

汗出。当风热之邪侵袭头部，

就会有头痛、头胀等症状的出

现。

病人：听起来很有趣。

医生：如肺失宣降，就会出现咳嗽，咯

黄稠痰。当风热之邪使气道失

于通畅，就会出现咽喉充血，

疼痛以及口渴。苔薄白或薄黄，

浮数脉都是肺卫被风热之邪侵

袭的表现。

病人：我想以中药治疗。这就是我来这

的原因。你们将会予我什么治

疗呢？

医生：我建议用银翘散。那是一条典型

的用以治疗风热型感冒的方。

我们可以在此基础上加一些用

于缓解咽痛和流涕症状的草

药。我将会给您开四剂药。每

天一剂。猛火煎药，然后倒出

药汁。然后再加冷水复煎一次。

把两次煮的药都喝完，明白

吗？

P: Yes, I do.

D: Also, I'll now give you

acupuncture treatment on the

points of the lung, large

intestine and bladder

meridians, using the reducing method. This will be very

effective in relieving your

headache and runny nose. P: Will it be painful?

D: No, just like a mosquito bite.

After that we may apply

cupping to your upper back. ( After the treatment)

P: Oh, I feel much better after the acupuncture treatment. My

headache has gone and the

sore throat has lessened.

Thank you.

D: After returning home be

careful to rest and drink more

hot water. This is your

prescription. Go to the

Chinese medicine pharmacy

and fill your prescription.

P: Ok. Thank you very much, doctor.

D: You are welcome. 病人：知道了。

医生：我们能否给他用针灸治疗来缓解症状？我会用泻法在你的肺

经、大肠经和膀胱经上的穴位

上用针。这对于缓解你头痛和

流涕的症状是很有效的。

病人：针灸会很痛吗？

医生：不会，就像蚊子咬，然后我们可以在他上背部拔火罐。

治疗后

病人：我觉得治疗后舒服多了。我的头不痛了，而且咽痛也缓解很多

了，感觉好多了。谢谢。

医生：回家后要注意休息，还要喝多点热水。这是您的处方，您可以

到中药店抓药。

病人：好的，谢谢，再见。

D: Good morning, what seems to be the problem today, Mr.

Chen?

P: Well, I've had nocturia for six months and I started losing

weight four months ago.

D: Any other problems? Have you noticed any changes in

your urine?

P: Yes, it's darker, reddish. I wonder if it could be blood.

D: Have you noticed anything else?

P: Yes. I've felt sick several times in the morning and I've

noticed my legs are swollen

after work in the evening.

Also, I've felt really groggy for some weeks now. I don't

seem to enjoy my food any

more and I've lost weight.

D: How much?

P: About 6Kg.

D: How long have you had this trouble?

P: About 4 months really.

D: Have you ever had trouble with your urine before?

P: Yes. Two years ago I had a

burning sensation when I

passed water. The doctor

said that I had high blood

pressure as well and he put

me on tablets and it cleared

up.

D: Well, I'd like to examine you.

Please come to the

examination room, remove

your clothes except your

underpants, and lie on the

table.

(After examination)

D: You can get dressed now ...

well, it looks like you have

some reduced kidney

function. I want you to take

some blood tests, X-rays

and kidney function tests.

I'd like you to collect your

urine for 24 hours. The

nurse will tell you exactly

how to do it. Then we'll ask

you to come in for an

ultrasound examination of

the kidneys. This is a very

simple procedure to make

sure there is no obstruction. 参考译文

医生：早上好，陈先生，你哪里不舒服？

病人：我夜尿多（遗尿）六个月了，而且我

四个月前体重开始

下降。

医生：还有别的不舒服

吗？您有没有留意

过您小便跟以前有

什么不同吗？

病人：是的，它是暗红色的。我都怀疑那是不

是血。

医生：您还发现别的什么吗？

病人：有啊，我早上和晚上工作后都有几回

觉得恶心。我还留意

到我的腿肿胀了。我

近几周来总觉得头

昏眼花，而且也没什

么胃口，体重也下降

了。

医生：降了多少？

病人：大约6公斤。

医生：像这样子多久了？

病人：大概4个月吧。

医生：您以前小便也有过异常吗？

病人：是的，两年前我曾在小便的时候有尿

道的灼热感。医生检

查后也说我有高血

压，并给了我一些

药片吃，吃了之后

就好了。

医生：好的，我想给您

检查一下。请您脱

下衣服，只剩下内

衣，然后躺在那检

查床上，先用毛毯

盖上，我等下就来。（检查后）

医生：您现在可以穿好

衣服了。我想您的

问题在于您的肾没

有正常的运作。我

希望您能够进行血

液、X线以及肾功

能方面的检查。同

时，我也需要您收

集24小时的小便。

具体怎样做护士会

告诉您。然后，我

们会在再让您进行

肾的超声检查。然

后我们就可以根据

这一个非常简单的

程序去判断有没有梗阻情况的存在。P: Can you tell me exactly what is wrong with my kidneys? D: Well, the tests show that you

are in a condition called

chronic glomerulonephritis,

which has damaged the

kidneys.

P: Is the chronic

glomerulonephritis severe?

Are there any good

treatments to repair the

kidney damage?

D: Yes, of course. You'd better stay in the hospital for

treatments, and observation.

We'll have to insert a tube into your abdomen to flash out

toxic substances in the blood

stream.

P: How long will I have to stay in hospital? Will I have to stop

working?

D: For about 3-4 weeks. Just remind me. What's your job? P: I'm a teacher.

D: Well, I should advise you to have a 2-month rest.

P: Thank you doctor.

D: Not at all. 病人：您能确切地告诉我我的肾有什么问题吗？

医生：检验结果显示您得了慢性肾小球肾炎，而那病是您的肾功能受

到损害。

病人：那慢性肾小球肾炎严重吗？有针对肾功能损害的好的治疗方法

吗？

医生：呃，有的。我想你需要住院作治疗了，我们将会一直跟踪你的

病情。我们要在你的腹部放个

管子，通过液体在其中的流通

达到清洗血液的作用，同时也

把血液中的毒素排出。

病人：那我大概需要住院多长时间？那我是不是需要停止工作呢？

医生：大概3到4周。您提醒我了，您是从事什么职业的？

病人：我是一名教师。

医生：那样的话我建议您休息2个月。

病人：谢谢您，医生。

医生：不用客气。

D: What's the matter with you? P: I have been feeling thirsty recently, and I am always

tired.

D: How about your urination? P: I pass more urine than I used to.

D: How many times a day?

P: About eight times.

D: How about your appetite?

P: My appetite has been good, but I still feel I am losing

weight.

D: Any other symptoms?

P: I can't concentrate on

anything for long, and I

always feel weak. I have said

that, I guess. Sometimes I

also feel dizzy.

D: How old are you?

P: I'm 45 this year.

D: Sir, do you have anyone in your family who has

diabetes?

P: Yes, my father has had

diabetes for nearly 15 years.

What do you mean, doctor?

Do you mean I have got

diabetes?

D: According to your symptoms and your father's history,

there is a strong possibility

that you have got diabetes, as the disease runs in families.

Of course, we need to do

some checks. First please

go to the Laboratory

Department and examine

your urine and blood sugar.

Come back to me with the

report.

(Later with the results of the

examination)

D: The examination shows an

elevation of blood sugar

and you have sugar in your

urine. You have got

diabetes.

P: Is it serious? What's a

normal blood sugar level?

参考译文

医生：您哪里不舒服？

病人：我最近觉得口渴，而且总是觉得

很累。

医生：小便怎样？

病人：小便比以前更多了。

医生：一天几次？

病人：大概8次。

医生：胃口怎样？

病人：胃口很好，但我觉得体重反而轻

了。

医生：还有别的症状吗？

病人：我不能长时间集中注意力干活，

而且总是觉得疲惫。我想这我

刚才都说了，有时我还会头晕。医生：您多大岁数了？

病人：45岁。

医生：那您家里有没有人是得糖尿病

的？

病人：有，我父亲患有糖尿病接近15年

了。您这是什么意思啊，是指

我患上糖尿病吗？

医生：根据您的症状和您父亲的病史，也因为这种疾病有家族史，所以您

得糖尿病的可能性很大。当然，

我们需要做些检查。首先，请到

检验科检验一下尿液和血糖。有

检查结果后回来找我。

（检验结果出来后）

病人：我的情况如何？

医生：检验结果显示您血糖升高，尿中也有尿糖。你得了糖尿病。

病人：严重吗？那正

常的空腹血糖水平

是多少？

D: It is <130mg%, Generally it is

80—120mg%. Diabetes is a

disease due to the poor

function of the pancreas,

which brings about metabolic

disorder of sugar, fat and

protein. It's a chronic disease.

At the time being there is still

no way to cure it. But as I said

your case is not serious now.

If you pay attention to

treatment your diet and you

will get better gradually.

P: What else should I pay

attention to? Is there a diet for

diabetes?

D: Having your urine tested

regularly to see how your

disease is going is very

important. On the other hand,

you should try to omit sugar

from the diet. This includes

candy, cake, ice-cream, etc.

High starch foods such as

bread, potato, rice, etc should

be limited, too.

P: Thank you very much,

doctor. Godbye.

D: Goodbye.

医生：那是<130mg%, 经常是在

80—120mg%。糖尿病是由于

胰腺功能的失调，引起糖、脂

肪和蛋白质的代谢紊乱。那是

一种慢性病，具有多尿、多饮、

多食的症状。在现阶段还没有

方法能治愈。但就像我说的那

样，您现在的情况并非很严重。

如果您注意治疗和饮食，您会

慢慢好起来的。

病人：我还有没有别的什么需要注意

的？应该采用什么样的饮食

呢？

医生：定期进行尿液检测以观察疾病

的进程是重要的。另外，你必

须把饮食中的糖都去掉，这包

括糖果、蛋糕、雪糕等，而且

也应该限制高淀粉的食物，例

如面包、土豆、米饭等。

病人：非常谢谢您，医生。再见。

医生：再见。

D: Good morning! Please have a seat. I just need to get some

information from you. Could I

have your name please?

P: My name is Wang Ping.

D: What kind of work do you do? P: I am a taxi driver.

D: That's fine. Now, tell me

what's bothering you.

P: Well, I've got a dreadful

stomachache and I've lost my appetite.

D: How long have you been

feeling this way?

P: For about one year. First it was just a slight a pain, but

it's got much worse recently. D: Could you tell me exactly where the pain is?

P: Yes, it's right here. This is the worst spot.

D: Is it a fixed pain?

P: Yes, it doesn't seem to

move.

D: Does the pain ever spread to

any other area?

P: No.

D: What sort of pain is it? Sharp?

Dull?

P: It's a distended feeling, and

it gets worse if I eat

anything cold.

D: Do you ever fell it when

you're hungry?

P: Yes, often, but it gets better

if I eat something.

D: If you rub or massage it,

does it help?

P: Yes, it does.

D: Do your hands and feet often

feel cold?

参考译文

医生：早上好。请坐。我想先了解一些

情况。请问您叫什么名字？

病人：我叫王萍。

医生：您从事什么工作？

病人：我是一名出租车司机。

医生：哦，那很好。那我有什么可以帮

您的？

病人：我的胃痛的很厉害，胃口都没有

了。

医生：像这样子多久了？

病人：大约一年了。开始的时候只是一

点痛，但是最近痛得厉害多了。医生：能告诉我具体哪里痛吗？

病人：可以，就是这里。这里是最痛的。医生：痛处痛定吗？

病人：是的，它不是游走性的。

医生：疼痛有没有向别处蔓延呢？

病人：没有。

医生：请告诉我关于胃痛更多的资料。那是什么样的疼痛呢？

病人：那是一种胀感，而且进食冷食后会加重。

医生：什么东西会加重疼痛呢？您饿的时候有疼痛吗？

病人：有的，经常。但我进食后会有所改善。

医生：如果您按摩肚子，痛会缓解一些吗？

病人：会的。

医生：您的手脚经常会觉得冷吗？

P: Yes, often ... and very cold

too.

D: Is the pain constant, or does it come and go?

P: It comes and goes.

D: And how long does each

attack last for?

P: Oh ... about two hours.

D: Do you feel the most painful in the daytime?

P: Yes, I think so. Usually about

three hours after meals. But

sometimes it wakes me up at

night.

D: Are you aware of anything that brings the stomachache on?

P: It's hard to tell. First, I think it

comes after I eat raw and cold

food. Recently I've felt it when

I'm busy at work or I'm in a

bad mood.

D: Generally, how's your

appetite?

P: Not so good. I always feel

bloated. So I don't feel like

eating anything. What's

more, no matter what I eat,

it's tasteless.

D: Do you have any burping or

acid regurgitation?

P: Yes, I burp a lot.

D: Have you been very thirsty

lately?

P: No, I'm not interested in

drinking anything.

D: Do you prefer hot or cold

drinks?

P: Oh, definitely something hot.

D: Have you got any unusual

tastes in your mouth?

P: Yes, a sour taste, and I get

acid regurgitation, too.

病人：是的，经常。而且是很冷。

医生：疼痛是持续性的还是间歇性的？病人：是间歇性的。

医生：每次发作大概持续多久？

病人：大约2个小时。

医生：白天疼痛得最厉害吗？

病人：痛通常是在餐后3后小时。有时

会在晚上痛醒。

医生：您有没有注意到什么东西会诱发

您胃痛吗？

病人：这很难说。我想吃了生冷的东西

后就会痛。最近有几次也是因

为我工作很忙或是心情不好而

发作。

医生：您的胃口如何？

病人：不是很好。我总是觉得腹胀，所以不是很想吃东西。再者，无论我

吃什么，都觉得淡而无味。

医生：有没有打嗝或是泛酸？

病人：有，我经常会打嗝。

医生：近来觉得口渴吗？

病人：不，我不想喝什么东西。

医生：那您是更喜欢喝热的还是冷的东西呢？

病人：应该是热点的。

医生：口中有什么味道吗？

病人：苦味，而且我也会泛酸。

D: What are your bowel

movements like?

P: They're soft and sometimes I

have diarrhea.

D: Any problems with passing

water?

P: No, I don't think so.

D: Have you lost any weight

lately?

P: No, my weight is the same as it was.

D: Have you ever had any other

problems?

P: I'd always been in good health and never had any serious

problems, not even a cold.

D: Do you smoke or drink or

have any other habits that

might affect your health?

P: I don't smoke, but drink a

little.

D: Have you ever had an X-ray

or ultrasound B for this

problem?

P: Yes, last year I had an X-ray

and the doctor said I had a

duodenal ulcer.

D: Have you ever had any

treatment before this?

P: Yes, I've taken lost of tablets, but they haven't had much

effect. So this time I'd like to

try some Chinese herbs.

D: All right. Now let me look at

your tongue, and then take

your pulse. Mm ... the

tongue is pale and a dull

purple color. The coating is

thin and white. Your pulse is

deep, slow and uneven.

According to the theory of

Traditional Chinese

Medicine, the stomachache

you've got is caused by

deficient cold affecting the

Spleen and Stomach. The

treatment principle is to

warm the center and dispel

the cold. I'll write a

prescription for you ... .Here

you are.

P: Thank you. I'll go and get the prescription filled right

away.

D: Come to see me again after

you have taken the

medicine.

P: Yes, I will. Goodbye!

D: Goodbye.

医生：您的大便怎样？

病人：软的，有时还会腹泻。

医生：小便有问题吗？

病人：我想没有。

医生：最近体重有减轻

吗？

病人：不，我跟以前一样重。

医生：您以前还有别的问题吗？

病人：我一向健康状况良好，从没得过什么大

病，甚至感冒也没

有。

医生：您平时吸烟或喝酒的吗？或者还有别

的什么会影响健康

的习惯吗？

病人：我不吸烟，但是会喝一点点酒。

医生：对于这个病您有没有做过X线或B超

检查？病人：有，去年我做过X 线检查，医生说我

得的是十二指肠溃

疡。

医生：那在这之前有没

有治疗过呢？

病人：有，我吃过很多

的药，但是没什么

用。所以这次我想

试试中草药。

医生：好的。让我看看

您的舌头。然后给

您把把脉。嗯，舌

紫淡暗，苔薄白，

脉沉缓结。根据中

医理论，您这种胃

痛属于脾胃虚寒

证。治疗原则是温

中袪寒，我会写张

处方给您。 ... 给

您。

病人：好的，我马上就

去抓药。

医生：吃完这些药下次

再来复诊。

病人：是的，再见！

医生：再见。

D: Good morning. What's the

trouble?

P: I've been getting terrible

headaches recently.

D: Is there anything else?

P: Yes. Sometimes I feel a bit

nauseous. But that's it.

D: When did the headache

exactly begin?

P: About two weeks ago. I've had slight headache on and off for

the last few years, but none

has been as bad as recently.

D: Have you ever visited a doctor or taken any medicine for it?

P: Ten years ago I went to the

local hospital for a check-up,

they told me that I had

hypertension. Five years ago I

was diagnosed with coronary

heart disease and stayed in

hospital for about one year,

during which I also tried

some TCM herbs. Since then

things seem alright. However,

two weeks ago I had a

urinalysis taken and the test

for proteinuria was positive.

D: Have you ever had any other

diseases? For example, any

renal diseases?

P: No. Nothing else.

D: What kind of medication have you had in the past?

P: I took capoten regularly and

Nitroglycerin occasionally.

They used to be helpful, but

they don't work any more.

According to the advice of the

doctor, I added other

antihypertension drugs, but

it doesn't seem ... Well,

anyway they don't work.

D: What about your blood

pressure?

参考译文

医生：早上好。您哪里不舒服？

病人：我最近头痛得很厉害。

医生：还有别的不舒服吗？

病人：有时我还会觉得有点恶心。但就

只有这些了。

医生：您头痛确切是从什么时候开始的

呢？

病人：大概两周前。在过去的几年里我

反复有轻微的头痛，但不会象

最近痛得这么厉害。

医生：那您有没有看过医生或者吃过什

么药呢？

病人：十年前我在当地医院检查，他们

能告诉我我有高血压病。五年

前我被诊断为冠心病，并因此

住了大概一年院，在那期间我

也试过中药。之后病情一直比

较稳定。然而两周前我做了个

尿分析，提示我的尿蛋白是阳

性。

医生：您既往还有没有别的什么病？例

如：肾脏方面的疾病呢？

病人：没有。

医生：您过去接受过什么治疗？

病人：我定期服用卡托普利，并偶尔吃

硝酸甘油。它们以前都挺管用

的，但现在不再起作用了。按

照医生的建议，我又加了些降

压药，但好像 ... ... 总之，作用

都不大。

医生：那您血压控制得怎样？

P: It used to be around 150/95 mmHg. But recently it has

gone up to about 200/120

mmHg.

D: Have you taken any other tests recently?

P: Yes. Many, like urinalysis, blood tests, chest X-ray,

electric cardiogram

examination, ultrasonic

cardiogram and even a CT.

I've brought all the reports

with me. Here you are.

D: Let me have a look. Yes. There is something wrong with your

kidneys and the renal

function is deteriorating,

though not seriously,

according to the results of the urinalysis and the blood test.

But nothing abnormal was

found on the CT of your

kidneys. Let me give you a

physical examination ... .Well,

there is nothing unusual. But

I think we need to do further

examination, otherwise,

without definite diagnosis

your renal function it may

continue to deteriorate.

P: Oh, is that serious?

D: No. It's not, but we can't

resolve it if real cause is not

found.

P: What kind of examination should I take?

D: I like you to have a renal

angiography by interventional

Radiology so as to examine

the renal artery, because

according to the data

available, I think that your

hypertension is caused by

renal artery stenosis, which

usually results in

renovascular hypertension.

P: You mean I need an

operation?

D: No, not exactly.

Interventional Radiology is

not surgery after all.

病人：以前大概在150/95 mmHg，但最

近突然升高，都差不多

200/120mmHg了。

医生：您最近还进行了别的什么检查

吗？

病人：是的，我最近做了很多检查，象

尿分析、血分析、胸部X线、

心电图、心脏超声检查，甚至

CT。看，我都把所有的检查报

告都带来了。

医生：让我看看。是的，从尿分析和血

分析结果看来，您的肾有点问

题，虽然不是很严重，可是肾

功能正在衰退。但腹部CT未提

示您的肾脏有异常。让我给您

做个体格检查。嗯，没发现什

么异常的。但我想您需要进一

步的检查，否则，如果没有确

切的诊断，您的肾功能会持续

恶化。

病人：哦，那严重吗？

医生：不，但是如果真正原因没找到的

话我们就不能对症下药了。

病人：我需要哪方面的检查呢？

医生：我建议您做一个肾血管造影，那

样可以检查一下肾动脉。因为

从现有的资料看来，我估计您

的高血压是由肾动脉狭窄引

起，而那常会引起肾性高血压。

病人：您是说我需要手术？

医生：不，毕竟放射介入治疗不算手术。

P: Is it safe?

D: Yes. It is a minimal traumatic

method.

P: Isn't there any other

alternative, like MRI?

D: Sorry, I'm afraid not. Up to

now, interventional Radiology

is considered to be the top

standard for vascular

examination, especially

arterial examination. Besides,

subsequent therapy may be

explored during the operation

if the stenosis of renal artery

is confirmed.

P: What kind of therapy?

D: Once the diagnosis stenosis

of renal artery is confirmed

usually doctors perform a

PTRA or percutaneous

transluminal renal

angiography. They'll plant a

metal stent as part of the

procedure. PTRA is simple

but effective and so is

considered the preferred

therapy for secondary

hypertension caused by renal

artery stenosis.

P: Will I have to stay in hospital?

I'd really prefer not to.

D: I suggest you stay in the

hospital for at least a week.

We'll need to confirm your

condition just before the

operation. Will that work for

you?

P: Ok, Let's get it over before

holiday.

D: Very well. We'll contact you

soon. Take care and don't

worry about the operation.

P: Thanks a lot. Goodbye.

D: You are welcome.

病人：安全吗？

医生：安全，它只是一种微创的检查方

式。

病人：有没有别的什么检查方法可以代

替的呢，例如MRI?

医生：很抱歉，恐怕没有了。到现在为

止，放射介入被认为是血管方

面检查的金标准，尤其是在动

脉方面的检查。而且，如果肾

动脉狭窄被证实的话，在检查

中我们还会作出相应的治疗。

病人：那我需要住院吗？我可是很害怕

住院啊。

医生：我建议您至少住院一周。我们需

要在手术之前对您身体状况作

出评估。你意下如何？

病人：好的，让我们在假期之前把这解

决了。

医生：很好，我们很快会跟您联系。不

用担心手术的，再见。

病人：谢谢，再见。

医生：不用谢。

P: Hello, doctor.

D: Hello, come in please! How are you feeling today?

P: Not great. I was just playing with my classmates, and all of

a sudden I fell down. My right

elbow hurts and my hand is

bleeding. It happened really

suddenly. I'm still in shock.

Do you think I'll be Ok?

D: Let me have a look at your arm.

Is it still painful? When did it

happen?

P: Yes, it is. I hurt it about half an hour ago.

D: Would you please roll up your sleaves. ... That's fine. That's

it. Sit traight. ... Now put your

arms on your hips. ... fine. ...

Now rest your arm on mine,

that's right. I just want to feel

under your arm ... Good. Now

the other one. ... Now would

you please lie down? Let me

put this pillow under your

right shoulder. ... Now put

your right arm over your head.

Fine. ... Do the same with

the left. ... Good ... Get up

please.

P: Yes.

D: Well, the radial pulse is

present, and the sensation

was intact. Shake my hand

as hard as you can ... ... Oh!

The strength is slightly

diminished. I think we'd

better do an X-ray.

P: Can we do that here?

D: No, the nurse will take you to the X-ray department. I'll be

there in ten minutes.

（Later with the result of the

examination）

P: Here is the X-ray result. Is it

serious?

参考译文

病人：您好！

医生：您好，请进来。什么事？

病人：李医生。刚才我正和同学打羽毛

球，突然间我摔倒了，我的右

肘很痛，我的手也不停地流血。

事出突然，我不知道怎么处理。

我很怕伤到我的臂部。您认为

我有没有事呢?

医生：好，我先检查一下你的手。你的

手还痛吗？什么时候发生的？病人：还痛啊，半个小时前发生的意外。

医生：你能把袖子挽高一点吗？ ... ...

好 ... ... 就这样。坐直点 ... ...

把手放在臀部 ... ... 好 ... ...

现在把手放在我的臀部，对。

我想检查你的肘 ... ... 好。现在

轮到另一边 ... ... 你现在躺下。

把枕头放在右肩下 ... ... 把右

手举过头。好 ... ... 左手也做同

一动作 ... ... 好 ... ... 请起来。

病人：好的。

医生：脉搏、感觉都没事的。出力握住我

的手 ... ... 哦！握力轻微减退。

我想您最好拍个片。

病人：在这儿拍吗？

医生：不，护士会带你到X光室。我马上到那里。

（检查结果出来后）

病人：您好，医生。这是拍X光片的结果。

严重吗？

D: From the picture, you have a

supracondylar fracture of the

transcondylar type. It's not

serious but it won't get better

of its own accord. I think

you'll have an operation.

P: But I have to go to school. I'll

have a final exam in a month.

Doctor, please help me!

D: Don't worry. You'll only be in

for ten days or so and once

the operation is over, you'll

feel much better. Shall I put

you on the waiting list?

P: All right.

D: I'll take you to the admissions office and make the

necessary arrangements.

Well, before that let's talk for

just a few minutes about your

condition. I've already written

the orders to watch you

carefully for the first 48 hours,

and the nurse should report

to me if the hand becomes

painful, cold, pale, dusky, or

swollen.

Nurse, please give me a suture set.

P: Are you going to sew up the wound on my hand?

D: Yes, just three stitches, I

think. It won't be very

painful, I'll fix you right up ...

Okay, it is done. That wasn't

so bad, was it?

P: No, not very.

D: Have you had a tetanus shot recently?

P: No. Do I need one?

D: Yes, Tetanus is a type of

toxemia. That toxin diffuses

throughout the tissues and

involves the neuromuscles

end-organs, causing spasm.

Masseter muscle spasms

are one of the earliest

symptoms; the most

serious is the spasm of the

respiratory muscles. It's

best if you have it. Have you

had this shot before?

医生：从照片上看，你是鹰嘴骨折，看

起来象横贯型。不是太严重，

但它自己不会好。我想你应该

住院做个手术。

病人：我要上学啊。一个月后我要期末

考了。医生，请您帮帮我！

医生：我知道。但是当你的病情需要，

你就要到医院来了。一旦手术

做完，只需要住十天左右，你

就会感觉好多了。要帮你登记

轮候住院吗？

病人：好吧。

医生：我带你到入院办公室，作些必要

的安排。好，让我们用几分钟

讨论你的病情。我已经下医嘱

在两天内密切观察你的病情，如

果手变痛了，或变冷、变苍白、

暗黑或肿胀了，护士会及时向我

汇报。 ... ... 护士，给我一个缝

合包。

病人：您打算给我的手缝针吗？

医生：是的，我想缝三针。不会很痛的，

我会帮你固定好 ... ... 好，行了，

不是太痛吧？

病人：不会。

医生：你最近打过破伤风疫苗吗？

病人：没有。我一定要打吗？

医生：是。破伤风是一种毒血症。毒素会

播散到各个器官组织，牵涉到神

经－肌肉接头部分，引起痉挛。

咀嚼肌是最早受累的部分之一，

最严重的是呼吸肌痉挛。所以你

一定要打。以前打过吗？

P: Yes. I had one about five years ago.

D: Well, I think you'd better have

another one.

P: No problem.

D: Please come again five days

later and so I can take the

stitches out. Don't worry

about your hand. It is going to

be fine.

Nurse, Pay attention to the

situation of this patient, and

I'll show you how to do

Dunlop's traction, as soon as

he gets into the ward. Oh, yes.

We will continue the traction

for three weeks until the

fracture is healed, or after ten

days, when the fragment's

become fixed together. Then

we can replace the traction by

plaster with the arm in

flexion.

Feel free to contact us if

anything happens!

P: Thank you, doctor. What

should I do now?

D: First, you should get some

rest, and get some regular

sleep. Second, you

shouldn't worry about your

situation. I shall prescribe

some medicine and tonic for

you to quiet your nerves

and increase your energy.

That's all.

P: Ok, doctor. Thanks again.

病人：我五年前曾打过。

医生：行，最好还是再打一次 ... ... 你认

为怎样？

病人：好的。

医生：你真幽默。好，五天后再来，我

到时把线拆了，不要担心，这

手会完全恢复的。

护士，请注意这个病人的情况，病人一

入院，就作邓氏牵引。对了，

必须牵引3周，直到骨折痊愈

了，或者十天后，骨折碎片长

在一块了，我们就可以撤掉牵

引，用胶板把手固定在半屈位。崔小姐，有什么事请跟我们联系。