2013年12月英语六级

2013年12月英语六级(新题型)考试冲刺试卷一

Part I Writing.

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Civil Servant Test Craze. Your essay should start with a brief description of the picture. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

1、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Civil Servant Test Craze. Your essay should start with a brief description of the picture. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

一、听力选择题

1、听录音，回答1-36题：(下载听力mp3>>)

A．She thinks the exercise is easy.

B．She can't solve the exercise either.

C．She can help the man with the exercise.

D．She hasn't tried to solve the exercise yet.

2、

A．Buy a newspaper.

B．Take a trip in the summer.

C．Put an ad in a newspaper.

D．Go to the interviewer's office.

3、

A．The man must be a very slow driver. B．She did a lot of walking in Florida.

C．The man should have spent less time in Florida D．She got to Florida long before the man did.

4、

A．Look for the umbrella in the theater.

B．Ask the ticket seller about the umbrella. C．Buy another ticket for the show.

D．Go back to her chair to get the umbrella.

5、

A．Both of the activities aren't very good. B．He has no interest in doing exercise. C．They should choose a different activity.

D．It doesn't matter which activity to choose.

6、

A．Wash fewer clothes at a time.

B．Use a different washing machine.

C．Try to repair the washing machine first, D．Wash his clothes by hand.

7、

A．She is going to drop the class too.

B．She doesn't know how to swim.

C．It took her a long time to learn to swim.

D．She teaches swimming,

8、

A．He'll give the woman a few prescriptions right away.

B．He'll be away from the office for one or two days.

C．The woman doesn't need anything for her cough.

D．The woman should continue taking the medicine.

9、Conversation One．

听材料，回答下列问题：

A．Her apartment is too far from the campus.

B．Her apartment needs a lot of repair work.

C．She's having trouble with the owner of the apartment D．Her roommate won't share expenses.

10、

A．Because the girls didn't pay their rent on time. B．Because she couldn't find anyone to repair the dishwasher. C．Because she had to buy a new dishwasher.

D．Because paula had some repairs done without her permission.

11、

A．Because he has some knowledge of the law,

B．Because he once had the same problem.

C．Because he is a friend of the owner.

D．Because he can bring a lawsuit against the owner.

12、Conversation Two．

听材料，回答下列各题：

A．There aren't enough cabinets

B．There is too much noise.

C．Office supplies are taking up space. D．Some teaching assistants don't have desks.

13、

A．To chat with him socially.

B．To get help with the course.

C．To hand in their assignments.

D．To practise giving interviews,

14、

A．They'd have to get permission.

B．Jack wouldn't like it,

C．She thinks it might work.

D．Other assistants should be consulted

15、

A．Give Jack a different office, B．Complain to the department head. C．Move the supplies to the storage room. D．Try to get a room to use for meetings.

16、Passage One．

听材料，回答下列各题：

A．Because of its shape.

B．Because of its skin.

C．Because of its size.

D．Because of its behavior.

17、

A．How sea animals manage to exist,

B．How large sea animals can be.

C．How frightening the squid is,

D．How little is known about the sea.

18、

A．Why it is difficult to use aerial photographs in research. B．Why oceanic research is so limited.

C．How oceanic research has helped land research, D．How fossil remains are obtained from deep sea.

19、Passage Two．

听材料，回答下列各题：

A．New varieties of corn have been developed.

B．The crops need less fertilizer.

C．Farmers can now monitor crop growth.

D．Crop yields are much greater.

20、

A．It's being drained from Nebraska to Texas.

B．It's being pumped out.

C．It's becoming contaminated with oil.

D．It's becoming much warmer.

21、

A．It can be seen from an airplane.

B．It's most likely polluted.

C．It's usually a bright green color.

D．The supply of it may be exhausted soon.

22、Passage Three．

听材料，回答下列各题：

A．To review what students know about volcanic activity. B．To demonstrate the use of a new measurement device. C．To explain the answer to an examination question. D．To provide background for the next reading assignment.

23、

A．They occur at regular intervals.

B．They can withstand great heat.

C．They travel through the Earth's interior.

D．They can record the Earth's internal temperature.

24、

A．When the Earth was formed.

B．The composition of the Earth's interior.

C．Why molten rock is hot.

D．How often a volcano is likely to erupt.

25、

A．How deep they are.

B．Where earthquakes form.

C．How hot they are.

D．What purpose they serve.

二、听力

26、听材料，回答下列各题：

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

Teenagers will be told to "stand up for their elders" on public transport-or risk losing their right to free travel.

London Mayor Boris Johnson will 26( ) plans today to make youngsters sign a " 27( ) pledge" to promise to behave in

a 28( ) manner when travelling in the capital.

The three-point pledge states that they will give up their seats to the

elderly, 29 ( ) and disabled; refrain from using 30 ( ) or threatening language; and be courteous and polite to fellow passengers and staff. Those who refuse, or are caught behaving in a rude manner, will have their free travel passes 31( )

The plan--a key part of Mr. Johnson's re-election bid--will initially affect the 400,000

11-to-15-year-olds in London who qualify for free travel cards, but Conservative sources believe the idea could be used across the country.

A Conservative insider said, "The initiative 32( ) the push to create a Big Society. It is about changing culture and 33( ) around behavior to improve the atmosphere on buses and trains for everyone. "

Speaking before today's launch, Mr. Johnson said he 34 ( ) tackle the anti-social behavior of a "minority of youngsters" on public transport.

"when I was a boy, I was taught to stand up for those less able to," he said. "Youngsters enjoy the privilege of free travel, which is paid for by Londoners, but they have to understand that with that privilege comes responsibility. "

Anyone who abuses this privilege will have it taken away, and will have to earn that right back.

Teenagers who are found 35( ) violating the new behavior code will lose their travel passes. They will have to carry out unpaid community work to have them restored.

快速阅读问答题

36、回答36-46题：

Women with low literacy suffer disproportionately more than men, encountering more 36 ( ) in finding a well-paying job and being twice as likely to end up in the group of lowest wage earners, a study released on Wednesday said.

Analysis by the Institute for Women's Policy Research (IWPR．found women at all levels of 37( ) tend to earn less than men, but it's at the lowest literacy levels that the wage gap between genders is most striking.

Women with low literacy are twice as 38( ) as men at the same skill level to be among the lowest earners, bringing in $300 a week or less, the report said.

"Because women start off so low in terms of wages, having higher literacy and more skills really 39( ) a big difference," said Kevin Miller,

a 40 ( ) research associate at IWPR and co-author of the study.

Women need to go 41 ( ) in their training and education level to earn the same as men, Miller said.

The 42 ( ) was based on 2009 National Assessment of Adult Literacy surveys, the most recent data 43( ) , and focused on reading skills, not writing and numeric literacy. That data was 44 ( ) from a nationally representative sample of 19,714 people aged 16 and older, living in households or prisons.

Data showed about one-third of American adults have low literacy levels, and more than 36 percent of men and 33 percent of women fall into

that 45( ) , the institute said.

A．pattern I．conducted

B．senior J．independent

C．longer K．literacy

D．difficulties L．analysis

E．category M．likely

F．collected N．further

G．positions O．makes

H．available

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.

You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

46、回答46-56题：

A) The legislation concerning financial reform focuses on helping regulators detect and defuse (减少....的危险性) the next crisis. But it doesn't address many of the underlying conditions that can cause problems.

B) The legislation gives regulators the power to oversee shadow banks and take failing firms apart, convenes a council of superregulators to watch the megafirms that pose a risk to the full financialsystem, and much else.

C) But the bill does more to help regulators detect the next financial crisis than to actually stop it from happening.In that way, it's like the difference between improving public health and improving medicine: The bill focuses on helping the doctors who figure out when you're sick and how to get you better rather than on the conditions (sewer systems and air quality and hygiene standards and so on) that contribute to whether you get sick in the first place.

D) That is to say, many of the weaknesses and imbalances that led to the financial crisis will survive our regulatory response, and it's important to keep that in mind. So here are five we still have to watch out for:

1. The Global Glut (供过于求) of Savings

E) "One of the leading indicators of a financial crisis is when you have a sustained surge in money flowing into the country which makes borrowing cheaper and easier," says Harvard economist Kenneth Rogoff. Our crisis was no different: Between 1987 and 1999, our current account deficit--the measure of how much money is coming in versus going out--fluctuated between 1 and 2 percent of gross domestic product. By 2006, it had hit 6 percent.

F) The sharp rise was driven by emerging economies with lots of growth and few investment opportunities-think China-funneling their money to developed economies with less growth and lots of investment opportunities. But we've gotten out of the crisis without fixing it. China is still growing fast, exporting faster, and sending the money over to US.

2. Household Debt-and Why We Need It

G) The fact that money is available to borrow doesn't explain why Americans borrowed so much of it. Household debt as a percentage of GDP went from a bit less than 60 percent at the beginning of the 1990s to a bit less than 100 percent in 2006. "This is where I come to income inequality," says Raghuram Rajan, an economist at the University of Chicago. "A large part of the population saw relatively stagnant incomes over the 1980s and 1990s. Credit was so welcome because it kept people who were falling behind reasonably happy. You were keeping up, even if your income wasn't."

H) Incomes, of course, are even more stagnant now that unemployment is at 9

percent. And that pain isn't being shared equally: inequality has actually risen since before the recession, as joblessness is proving sticky among the poor, but recovery has been swift for the rich. Household borrowing is still more than 90 percent of GDP, and the

conditions that drove it up there are, if anything, worse.

3. The "Shadow Banking" Market

I) The financial crisis started out similarly severe, but it wasn't, at first, a crisis of consumers. It was a crisis of banks. It never became a crisis of consumers because consumer deposits are insured. But large investors-pension funds, banks, corporations, and others--aren't insured. But when they hear that their collateral ( 附属担保品) is dropping in value, they demand their money back. And when everyone does that at once, it's like an old-fashioned bank run: The banks can't pay everyone off at once, so they unload all their assets to get capital, the assets become worthless because everyone is trying to unload them, and the banks collapse.

J) "This is an inherent problem of privately created money," says Gary Gorton, an economist at Princeton University. "It is vulnerable to these kinds of runs." This year,

we're bringing this shadow banking system under the control of regulators and giving them all sorts of information on it and power over it, but we're not doing anything like deposit insurance, where we simply make the deposits safe so runs become an anachronism.

4. Rich Banks

K) In the 1980s, the financial sector's share of total corporate profits ranged from about 10 to 20 percent. By 2004, it was about 35 percent. Simon Johnson, an economist at MIT, recalls a conversation he had with a fund manager. "The guy said to me, 'Simon, it's so little money! You can sway senators for $10 million!?'"Johnson laughs ruefully (后悔地). "These guys [ big investors ] don't even think in millions. They think in billions."

L) What you get for that money is favors. The last financial crisis fades from memory and the public begins to focus on other things. Then the finance guys begin nudging (游说). They hold some fundraisers for politicians, make some friends, explain how the regulations they're under are onerous and unfair. And slowly, surely, those regulations come undone. This financial crisis will stick in our minds for a while, but not forever. And after briefly dropping to less than 15 percent of corporate profits, the financial sector has rebounded to more than 30 percent. They'll have plenty of money with which to help their friends forget this whole nasty affair.

5. Lax ( 不严格的) Regulators

M ) The most troubling prospect is the chance that this bill, if we'd passed it in 2000, wouldn't even have prevented this financial crisis. That's not to undersell it: It would've given regulators more information with which to predict the crisis. But they had enough information, and they ignored it. They get caught up in boom times just like everyone else.

A bubble, almost by definition, affects the regulators with the power to pop it.

N) In 2005, with housing prices running far, far ahead of the historical trend, Bemanke said a housing bubble was "a pretty unlikely possibility". In 2007, he said Fed

officials "do not expect significant spillovers from the subprime market to the rest of the economy." Alan Greenspan, looking back at the financial crisis, admitted in April that regulators "have had a woeful record of chronic failure. History tells us they cannot

identify the timing of a crisis, or anticipate exactly where it will be located or how large the losses and spillovers will be."

46In the 1980s and 1990s people experienced no substantial increase in terms of income, which brought about the popularity of credit.

47、Financial crisis is a crisis of banks in that shadow banking may cause banks to fail.

48、The finance guys make friends with politicians in the hope of making some burdensome and unfair regulations cancelled.

49、The legislation concerning financial reform offers regulators the power of supervising shadow banks and disintegrating companies on the verge of bankruptcy.

50、In terms of the effect of unemployment, it is more deeply felt by the poor than by the rich.

51、Even if there was enough information to predict there would be financial crisis, the regulators still chose to ignore it.

52、Emerging economies with insufficient investment opportunities have invested much money in developed countries.

53、Regulators with power tended to fail again and again concerning forecasting a financial crisis.

54、A fund manager or large investor is considered absurdly rich by an economist from MIT.

55、Large investors' deposits can be made safer if shadow banking system is under the control of regulators.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D ). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

56、回答56-61题：

Opinion polls are now beginning to show a reluctant consensus that, whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now on, high unemployment is probably here to stay. This means we shall have to find ways of sharing the available employment more widely. But we need to go further. We must ask some fundamental questions about the furore of

work. Should we continue to treat employment as the norm? Should we not rather encourage many other ways for self-respecting people to work? Should we not create conditions in which many of us can work for ourselves, rather than for an employer7

Should we not aim to revive the household and the neighborhood, as well as the factory and the office, as centers of production and work?

The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people's work has taken the form of jobs. The industrial age may now be coming to an end, and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be reversed. This seems a daunting thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better future for work. Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom.

Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people's homes. Later, as transport improved, first by rail and then by mad, people commuted longer distances to their places of employment until, eventually, many people's work lost all connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.

Meanwhile, employment put women at a disadvantage. In pre-industrial times, men and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community. Now it became customary for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and the family to his wife. Tax and benefit regulations still assume this norm today, and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.

It was not only women whose work status suffered. As employment became the dominant form of work, young people and old people were excluded--a problem now, as more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.

All this may now have to change. The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the utopian goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full- time jobs.

According to the author, the universal employment has _______.

A．turned out not to be the best form of jobs

B．created an alternative form of jobs

C．built the foundation of an economic leap

D．failed to produce job opportunities for most people

57、Modem forms of transportation have greatly encouraged_______.

A．the phenomenon of deprivation of employees' leisure time

B．the disconnection between people's work and their family life

C．the commutation between the working places and employees' homes

D．people's desire to work far away from where they were born

58、It can be inferred from the passage that _______.

A．women could have been more productive than men in a proper job system B．work in pre-industrial times has been distriibuted evenly between men and women C．paid employment has aroused serious social problems in current society D．women have been treated unfairly under the employment system of industrial age

59、What is the problem for the young under the employment system?

A．They are less likely to compete with the aged.

B．They are much worried about the generation gap.

C．They are more likely to suffer from unemployment.

D．Their academic performances seem useless for job hunting.

60、What is the possible change of job forms?

A．Full-time employment will not be the dominant form of work.

B．Most people can work at home and for themselves.

C．The differences between men and women will disappear.

D．All people get equal job opportunities and equal pay.

61、回答{TSE}题：

Blood vessels running all through the lungs carry blood to each air sac (囊), or alveolus(肺泡), and then back again to the heart. Only the thin wall of the air sac and the thin wall of a capillary (毛细血管) are between the air and the blood. So oxygen easily diffuses from the air sacs through the walls into the blood, while carbon dioxide easily diffuses from the blood through the walls into the air sacs.

When blood is sent to the lungs by the heart, it has come back from the cells in the

rest of the body. So the blood that goes into the wall of an air sac contains much dissolved carbon dioxide but very little oxygen. At the same time, the air that goes into the air sac contains much oxygen but very little carbon dioxide. You have learned that dissolved

materials always diffuse from where there is more of them to where there is less. Oxygen from the air dissolves in the moisture on the lining of the air sac and diffuses through the lining into the blood. Meanwhile, carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the air sac. The blood then flows from the lungs back to the heart, which sends it out to all other parts of the body.

Soon after air goes into an air sac, it gives up some of its oxygen and takes in some carbon dioxide from the blood. To keep diffusion going as it should, this carbon dioxide must be gotten rid of. Breathing, which is caused by movements of the chest, forces the used air out of the air sacs in your lungs and brings in fresh air. The breathing muscles are controlled automatically so that you breathe at the proper rote to keep your air sacs supplied with fresh air. Ordinarily, you breathe about twenty-two times a minute. Of course, you breathe faster when you are exercising and slower when you are resting. Fresh air is brought into your lungs when you breathe in, or inhale (吸入), while used air is forced out of your lungs when you breathe out, or exhale.

Some people think that all the oxygen is taken out of the air in the lungs and that what we breathe out is pure carbon dioxide. But these ideas are not correct. Air is a mixture of gases that is mostly nitrogen(氮). This gas is not used in the body. So the amount of nitrogen does not change as air is breathed in and out. But while air is in the lungs, it is changed in three ways: ( 1 ) About one-fifth of the oxygen in the air goes into the blood. (2) An almost equal amount of carbon dioxide comes out of the blood into the air. (3) Moisture from the linings of the air passages and air sacs evaporates until the air is almost saturated.

61.It can be inferred from the passage that oxygen and carbon dioxide _______. A．produce energy for breathing

B．diffuse immediately in the blood

C．penetrate slowly into the air sacs

D．travel in opposite ways in the lungs

62、When blood travels back to the lungs by the heart, ________.

A．more oxygen was contained in blood

B．more carbon dioxide was contained in the blood

C．less carbon dioxide was contained in an air sac

D．less oxygen was contained in an air sac

63、The movement of breathing can effectively ________.

A．help the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs

B．prevent the inhaling of excessive carbon dioxide

C．keep the regular circulation of blood

D．strengthen the function of breathing muscles

64、When we breathe out, the amount of nitrogen ________.

A．increases a bit because of the exchange of air

B．reduces a bit because of the exchange of air

C．remains the same as we breathe it in

D．keeps the same as that needed in lungs

65、The air in the lungs changes through ________.

A．inhaling some amount of oxygen

B．the evaporation of moisture

C．exhaling some amount of carbon dioxide

D．generating a passage for evaporation Part IV

Part VI Translation （30 minutes）

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

66、(30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

要了解中国文化，就应该对中国的戏曲文化有所了解。中国地方戏种类很多，其中京剧是一个具有代表性的剧种。作为一个独立的剧种，京剧的诞生大约是在1840年至l860 。京剧是在吸收其他地方戏营养的基础上形成的。京剧有明确的角色分工；在念白上用北京方言；在音乐上以胡琴为主要伴奏乐器。由于京剧是在融合各种地方戏之精华的基础上形成的，所以它不仅为北京的观众所钟爱，也受到全国人民的喜爱。

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