2017上海高考英语选词填空专项练习

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

on are based world's or two three days, the best weather forecasts Beyond guesswork, and beyond six or seven they are worthless.

and to a global —The Butterfly Effect is the reason. For small pieces of weather fails ___41___ snowstorms—any thunderstorms forecaster, small can mean and

of chain a ___42___, rapidly. Errors and uncertainties gathering upward through continent-size features, unstable from dust devils to windstorms ) (尘旋风and up

) ___43___ satellites can see.

eddies (旋风The modern weather models work with a network of points of the order of sixty

miles apart, and even so, some ___44___ data has to be guessed, since ground stations with be earth the could covered suppose everywhere. cannot and satellites see But sensors spaced one foot apart, rising at one-foot ___45___ all the way to the top of the atmosphere. Suppose every sensor gives perfectly ___46___ readings of temperature, ) would want. meteorologistpressure, dampness, and any other quantity a (气象工作者and ___48___ computer takes Exactly at noon a(n) ___47___ powerful all the data what will happen at each point at 12.01, then 12.02, then 12.03 …The computer will still be unable to predict whether Princeton, New Jersey, will

have sun or rain on a day one month away. At noon the spaces between the sensors will ___49___ alterations that the computer will not know about, tiny variations from the ___50___. By 12.01, those alterations will already have created small errors one foot away. Soon the errors will have multiplied to the ten-foot scale, and so on up to the size of the globe.

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Keys:

41-45 KJIGH 46-50 AFDEC

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each

Rain forests, found in Earth's temperate and tropical (热带的) zones, are some

of the most biologically varied ecosystems on the planet. All rain forests share certain ___41___ features, including a closed canopy, thedensevegetation of thetop branches that forms a roof above the forest floor, a damp and warm climate, and ___42___ constant temperatures throughout the year. Most of the forest's insect and animal life grows well in the canopy's leafy and sunlit environment. The forest's groundcover, by comparison, is small. Less than 2 percent of the sun's light makes its way through the canopy and the darkness below. This darkness, along with the poor quality of the soils,

___43___ plant growth.

Rain forests are a(n) ___44___ part of Earth's total ecology. Huge amounts of

water are absorbed into tree roots and ___45___ into the atmosphere from the tree leaves through a process called transpiration (蒸发). Tree roots also fix the soil in place and slow the runoff of rains into rivers and oceans. Through the process of photosynthesis (光合作用), rain forests absorb more carbon dioxide and give off more

oxygen than any other ecosystem.

The rain forests are ___46___ shrinking at a rapid rate as a result of the

profitable ventures of farming, logging, and mining. When tropical rain forests are

___47___ in order to raise cattle and crops, the nutrient-poor soils are quickly

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___48___. When farmers move on to new areas, heavy rains and baking sun leave the land fruitless and lifeless. Logging and mining cause similar damage to the land and destroy the territory of ___49___ millions of birds, insects and animals. By some

___50___, an area of tropical rain forest the size of the state of Delaware disappears in this way every month.

Keys:

41-45 F G K D J

46-50 I H B A E

Section B

Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word

“In wilderness is the preservation of the world.”This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borrowed 41 a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place

wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.

As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out, there is a strong appeal in images

of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. The 42 to leave the subject of such images

untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation brings to such landscapes is real. Some of these wildernesses also perform 43 that humans need—the rainforests,

for example, store carbon in vast quantities.

Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the 44 view. He

acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human 45 , or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely 3

struggle for 46 . While the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no 47 reason not to do so. Being untouched is not, in

itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.

I look forward to seeing these views taken further, and to their being 48 by

the other participants. One opinion is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly. And there is a 49 question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.

This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the

guidance of reason. What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of

the world obviously 50 much more serious thinking.

KEYS

41. E 42. H 43. B 44. J 45. I 46. K 47. G 48. A 49. F 50. D

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A drop in the sun's radiation can cause cold winters in parts of North America

and Europe, scientists say, a finding that could improve long-range forecasts and help countries ___41___ for storms.

Scientists have known for a long time that the sun has an 11-year cycle during which radiation from the sun reaches a(n) ___42___ then falls. But detecting a clear link of the cycle to the weather has proved much ___43___ .

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Our research notices a link between solar activities and regional winter climate, lead author Sarah Ineson of the UK Met Office told the reporters in an email.

Her team focused on the data from the recent minimum solar radiation period during 2008-10, which was a(n) ___44___ calm period for the sun but at the same time, ___45___ winters in the U.S and Europe were recorded which brought troubles to many businesses and made people's lives difficult.

The researchers found that a reduction in radiation from the sun can affect wind patterns , ___46___ cold winters.

While radiation levels won't tell us what the day-to-day weather will be, they provide the exciting ___47___of improved prediction for winter conditions for months and even years ahead. These predictions play an important role inlong-term weather planning, Ineson said.

Ineson's team used the data in a complex computer to ___48___ long-term weather patterns. It successfully reproduced what scientists had observed happening in the upper atmosphere during changes in solar radiation. More study was needed, though. The key ___49___ in the experiment lay in the satellite data used, because it spans(跨度) only a few years. So there are still questions concerning whether the current research results are accurate and whether they can be ___50___ to other solar cycles, she said.

41-50 JAHGC DBKFI

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word

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common, found that study on water pollution Not so far in the distant past a everyday makeup products being washed down the drain was ending up in well and drinking water. Now a study has found that people pollute themselves. Many of the key What's the 41 . cancer and other serious health pollutants are linked to

appear to be used ，cause of this pollution? Common household items, 42

commercial, spray and include makeup, hair more by women than men. These

as advertised perfumes that are 43 chemically-made perfumes. These are

a as are even suggested effect on the body and having some sort of beneficial

oils fragrance effectiveness of essential oils. Studies on the replacement for natural

If be mentioned. , something neglected to 44 and health benefits have been

the chemical scent has cancer-causing properties, it may not make sense to try and use your blood pressure. Manufacturers argue that the 45 it for helping you sleep or small. were so found in the tests risk is non-existent as the levels of chemicals

non-existent which were found, many of However, with over 60 chemicals being

be may that these chemicals of the century, researchers make note turn before the enough to cause problems.

Since the products mentioned are often used by women, it leaves one to wonder if

unheard of before the turn of the century, are linked to man-made conditions, 46

) 哮喘chemicals? Perfumes in particular, when chemical, have been linked to asthma(order government to groups are asking the . and other sensitive 47 Some labels on each bottle. 48 manufacturers to place

to commercial

49 Essential oils and real fragrance oils provide a wonderful

fragrances. They also have other properties and effects on the body which have been quite own scent can actually formulate your you scientifically proven. In addition, oils, of essential use and perfume books are easily! There many on 50 the some quite in-depth and others rather fun. Nowadays there are also many companies making perfumes from pure essential oils.

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Keys:

41-45 BIFEA 46-50 DGCHK

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