(完整版)新广州英语八年级下册U2bodylanguage语法词汇与练习
U2 Body language 语法，词汇与练习
一、动词-ing形式作主语
作主语的动词-ing形式具有名词的特征，有时又称为动名词。
1. 动词-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数；
?当作主语的-ing短语太长时，常用it作形式主语，而把-ing短语置于句子后部。
注意：在下列句式中常用动词-ing短语作主语。
It is no use/no good/useless/senseless/fun/nice/a waste of time + doing.
二、动词-ing形式作宾语
动词-ing形式作宾语时常跟在一些特殊的动词或动词短语的后面，如：
动词：admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, finish, forgive, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practise, resist, suggest 等
短语：can’t help, feel like, give up, put off, be worth等
注意：
1. allow, advise, forbid, permit等词后面可以直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语，也可以
接sb. to do结构。
如：They don’t allow smoking/us to smoke in the meeting room. 他们不允许在会议室吸烟。
2. forget, remember, stop, regret, try, mean, go on等后接动词-ing形式和不定式的含义有所不同。如：
I regretted making the speech at the meeting. 我后悔在会议上作了发言。
I regret to tell you that you are fired. 我很遗憾地告诉你，你被解雇了。
3. need, require, want作“需要”讲时，后面可以接动词-ing的主动式或不定式的被动式，其含义相同。如：
My bike needs repairing/to be repaired. 我的自行车需要修理。
Language（常用短语搭配）
be interested in, give up, think about, such as, feel like, insist on，
the key to, prefer to, look forward to,
be/get used to(习惯于), take to, pay attention to, in addition to…
have difficulty/problem in doing
spend…in doing sth.
it’s no use / good doing sth.
be busy doing sth…
三、动词-ing形式作表语
动词-ing形式作表语的用法可以分为两种：一种是用来说明主语是什么，相当于名词；一种是说明主语的性质和特征，相当于形容词，前面可以用very, quite 等副词修饰。
四、动词-ing形式作状语
1. 动词-ing形式作状语时与句子的主语之间是主动关系，常用来表示时间、原因、结果、条件、方式、伴随等意义。如：
Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy. 听到这个好消息，他高兴得跳了起来。（表示时间）
Not knowing her telepho ne number, I couldn’t ring her up. 由于不知道她的电话号码，我无法打电话给她。（表示原因）
Her mother died, leaving her with four younger brothers and sisters. 她母亲死了，抛下她和四个妹妹。（表示结果）
Working hard, you will succeed. 努力工作，你就会成功。（表示条件）
Mr. Green sat at the table reading China Daily. 格林先生坐在桌子旁边看《中国日报》。（表示伴随）
3、动名词的复合结构作主语和宾语
什么是动名词的复合结构？指物主代词、名词所有格是动名词逻辑上的主语、动名词是其逻辑上的谓语。
(1)动名词复合结构作主语
e.g. Your coming made us happy.
Your father’s cooking is very good.
(2) 动名词的复合结构作宾语
e.g. Do you mind my smoking?
My friend insisted on my staying here.
Step V: Do some practices
Unit 1 Reading A
1. Where does the story take place?
2. Who are the two people sitting at the desks?
3. Which of the two looks more friendly?
Reading Task 1 读文章，完成下面的表格
Simon is phoning a friend. Complete the speech below with the words in the story. Put one word in each blank.A3
Put the events of the story in the correct order.A4
根据课文填空
Debbie and Simmon are _______ students. They have __________ jobs at a travel agency. One day, an old lady entered their office. Debbie greeted her __________. Simon sighed and took some papers over to the _____ machine.
He didn’t know why the people ________ Debbie ___ him. Then, Chris, a senior member of staff told him. _______________ is not just speaking. Body language is very important. Simon often rest his head _____ his hand and never smile.
The way he looked at people didn’t give them a good __________. But
Debbie held head up. She smiled before _________ to the people . That’s why the people go to her for help and not Simon.
一、根据句意和首字母填空
1.If I forget that thing, please r__________ me.
2.He has provided the k__________ to the whole problem so that we can solve it
soon.
3.He was my roommate in c___________. Since graduation, we have been
neighbors.
4.English people do not use as many g______ as Italians when they are talking.
5.I’ll go to Japan next month, So I went to the travel a_______ yesterday.
6.When they saw their team scored, they cheered them c_________.
7.Without h________, he went over me and gave ma a hand.
8.Do you have a f_______ machine at home. I want to send the messages.
9.Please s_______ your name here, Bob. Don’t s_______ any more.everything wi ll
be OK soon.
10.You’d better make a good i__________ on your teacher when you fi rst meet them.
二、选择填空
( ) 1. Tom beat Jack on ______ nose.
A. the
B. her
C. his
D. a
( ) 2. ______, be good to your parents. Then say thanks to them.
A. In all
B. First of all
C. After all
D. At all
( ) 3. They see _____ their eyes and hear _____ their ears.
A. on, on
B. with, with
C. in, in
D. by, by
( ) 4. The music CLAIR DE LUNE（月光曲）makes you feel ______.
A. in the air
B. on the sky
C. like a bird
D. on the top of the world ( ) 5. ______ the books have you read?
A. What
B. Which
C. What of
D. Which of
( ) 6. He has _____ things to do during the holidays.
A. much
B. plenty of
C. more
D. a great deal of ( ) 7. ---Please send this letter off at_______. ----Very good, sir.
A. all
B. once
C. time
D. thins
( ) 8. Users son make the connection, probably without even _____ about it.
A. think
B. thought
C. thinking
D. thinks
( ) 9. This is a piece of paper _____ answers _____ these questions on it.
A. with, of
B.with, to
C.for, of
D. for, to
( )10.______English well is very important to us.
A. Learn
B. having learned
C.Learning
D. learnt
( )11.He prefers fish _______ chicken.
A. to
B. than
C. with
D. from
( )12.He _______ his head _________, as if there was nobody there.
A. holds, up
B. held, up
C. held, down
D. holds, down ( )13.The teacher went into the classroom with _________ on her face.
A. a big smile
B. a big laugh
C. a little smile
D. big smile
( )14.In the past, he didn’t get _________ to go to school.
A. a change
B. chance
C. change
D. a chance ( )15. The girl made a good impression _______ us.
A. on
B. of
C. with
D. to
学科特色：
1、take, spend, cost, pay 四个花费
take It takes sb 钱/ 时间to do sth
问句：“How long does it take …to do sth? ”
“How much does it take …to do sth? ”
spend 人spend 钱/时间on sth/ (in) doing sth
cost 物cost sb 钱
pay 人pay 钱for sth
建立这个图书馆花费了他们多少钱？
How much did ______ ______ _______ ______ build this library?
Tom 每天晚上花两小时完成作业。
_______ _______ Tom two hours ________ _______ his homework every night.
昨天我们花了三小时去滑雪。
We ________ three hours in ________ ________ yesterday.
我和我父母花了一星期参观湖南，那里很漂亮。
My parents and I ________ one week _________ Hunan. It's very beautiful there.
A、重点单词
1、communication n 交际；交流
拓展：v 交流
is the most important tool in .
语言是最重要的交际工具。
accept v接受（建议、邀请等）
She offered him a lift and he it. 她
反义词：reject v 拒绝
The chief editor his suggestion. 主编拒绝了他的建议。
拓展：acceptance n接受rejection n 拒绝
meaning n 意思
I cannot understand the of these symbols. 我没法理解这些符号的含义。
gesture n 手势
The children were amused at his funny gestures. 他滑稽的手势把孩子都逗乐了。
v 信息；消息
传话：留言
6、boring 和bored
令人无聊的：自己感觉到无聊的：
形容词+ed 修饰人
形容词+ing 修饰物、人
同样的还有interesting 和interested
The book is , so I feel .
这本书很无聊，因此我对它毫无兴趣。
7、part-time adj 兼职的
拓展：full-time adj 专职的
part-time job 兼职
sigh v 叹气；叹息n 叹气；叹息
Stop . 别叹气了。
matter n （询问某人的情况）怎么了
What’s the matter with your office?
你办公室出了什么事？
expression n 表情；神色
拓展：v 表达
appearance n 外貌
impress v 给……留下深刻的印象impression n 印象
第一印象：
给……留下好的印象：…
towards prep 向，朝，对着，对于，关于
I saw her walking the bank.
attitude towards sth面对某事的态度
to 与towards的区别
go to school 可能要转弯之类，并不是一直面对着学校径直走去！
towards 强调径直走去
13、later adv/adj 以后；后来
later on 后来；以后；过一阵子
I’ll speak to Patty alone. 等一会儿，我会单独和帕蒂谈话。
remind v 提醒；使想起
remind sb of / about sth 提醒某人某事
remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
hold held held
使保持（在……位置）Hold your
拿着She is holding her diary and a pen.
举行The Olympic Games are held every four years.
保留；保存We can hold your reservation(预定）until next Tuesday.
能容纳One CD-ROM can hold over 100,000 pages of text.
B、重点短语
发生：
做起来，熬夜：
旅游社：
走到……去：walk over to
离开：walk away 过来：come over
问候某人sb a = greet sb
兼职：
怎么了？？
代替：instead 与instead of 的区分
instead of 后接动名词或代词instead 单独使用作adv，常置于句首或句末Instead of lending a hand, he laughed at us. 他不仅没有帮我们一把，反而嘲笑我们。
I will go instead of you. 我会代替你去的。
We’ve no coffee. Would you like some tea instead? 我们没有咖啡，你喝茶行吗？
We didn’t go there by car. Instead, we took a plane. 我们没有坐车去那里，而是坐了飞机。
改写：She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day. 她成天打网球，而不学习。
, she plays tennis all day.
怎么会？？
获得做某事的机会。to do sth
给某人留下一个印象：
=
be more than just 不仅仅是
Communication is more than just speaking. 沟通不仅仅是说话。
举起、抬起、支撑：抬着头hold one’s head up
sb 寻找某人的帮助
(A few ) minutes later 几分钟后过了一会儿：(A few )
马上= right now / right away / without delay / immediately
the way +名词……的方式
It’s the way you communicate. 那是（因为）你的沟通方式。
眼神交流：转移目光；看别处：
……的关键
It can be the key to communication. 这是沟通的关键。
C、重点语法
非谓语动词
不定式（to do ，动名词，现在分词，过去分词）
在句中不能单独作谓语，但仍然保留动词的某些特征，在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语、表语。
非谓语动词的常见搭配如下：
谓语v. + to do (否定not to do)
want to do decide to do
offer to do pretend to do
agree to do fail to do
hope to do hesitate to do
refuse to do arrange to do
manage to do plan to do
choose to do intend to do
promise to do happen to do
谓语v. +sb. / sth. + to do (否定not to do)
ask sb. to do encourage sb. to do
allow sb. to do warn sb. to do
invite sb. to do require sb. to do
persuade sb. to do inspire sb. to do
teach sb. to do order sb. to do
force sb. to do forbid sb. to do
advise sb. to do wish sb. to do
expect sb. to do enable sb. to do
谓语v.+doing
finish doing insist doing
enjoy doing be busy doing
practice doing
mind doing give up doing
keen on doing be used to doing
consider doing look forward to doing
miss doing pay attention to doing
avoid doing suggest doing
使役动词+sb./sth.+do (否定not do)
let sb. do
make sb. do
have sb. do
有些谓语动词之后既可以加动词不定式to do，也可以加动名词doing。但它们的中文意思不同。
stop to do 停止正在做的事去做另一件事（做）
stop doing 停止正在做的事（不做了）
remember to do 记得去做（未做）
remember doing 记得做过（已做）
forget to do 忘记去做某事（未做）
forget doing 忘记做了某事（已做）
go on to do 做完一件事后继续去做另外一件事
go on doing 继续做正在做的事
try to do 尽力/设法去做
try doing 尝试去做
need to do 需要做
need doing 需要被做
感观动词+sb./sth. +do./doing 但意思有区别
watch
see sb. do.
hear sb. doing
含有感观动词和使役动词的句子变被动语态时，非谓语动词的形式如下：be + 谓语v. + to do
be + 谓语v. + doing
let sb. do →be let to do
watch sb. doing →be watched doing
hear sb. doing →be heard doing
watch sb. do →be watched to do
see sb. do →be seen to do
hear sb. do →be heard to do
make sb. do →be made to do
介词+doing
instead of doing after/before/without doing be interested in doing be/feel frightened of doing be surprised /amazed at doing except (for) doing
be good/bad/poor at doing
掌握下列常见的句型及固定搭配
Why not do
in order to do
find/think it adj. to do
It’s adj. (for/of) + to do
adj. +enough +to do
Doing sth. is ……/ To do sth. is ……
It takes ……to do
prefer to do ……rather than ……
It’s time for (doing)
had better (not) do
would you like to do / feel like doing
Would you please do (not do)……？
Thank you for doing sth.
used to do / be used to doing
spend ……on sth. / (in) doing sth.
prefer doing to doing
prefer to do rather than do
would rather do ……than do
It’s time to do……
分词（现在分词、过去分词）
在句中可作表语宾语补足语、定语和状语等。
现在分词：具有主动和进行的意味，现在分词和逻辑主语之间是主动关系。
过去分词：具有被动和完成的意味，过去分词与逻辑主语之间是被动关系。
The girl singing for us is ten years old.
She is there waiting for us.
The boy hurt by the car was sent to the hospital.
Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientises.
中考题链接：
非谓语动词
–Do you mind my _______ here?
-________. Look at the sign. It says, “No, smoking”.
A. to smoke, Of course not
B. smoking, You’d better not
C. to smoke, No, I don’t
D. smoking, Never mind
–Oh, I had a terrible toothache.
-You’d better _______ see s doctor and have your bad teeth _______ out.
A. go to, pulled
B. to go to, pulled
C. go to, pulling
D. to go to, pulling I prefer ________ at home to _______ outside.
A. to stay, playing
B. to stay, play
C. staying, play
D. staying, playing Doctor Wang often asks us ________ too much meat.
A. don’t eat
B. not eat
C. not to eat
D. doesn’t eat All my classmates are busy ________ ready for PE test.
A. get
B. to get
C. getting
D. got
Let’s stop _______ a rest. We’ll begin again after 10 minutes.
A. have
B. having
C. to have
D. has
It’s a nice day. What about ________ our dog after supper?
to walk B. walked C. walk D. Walking
He likes _______ table tennis but he doesn’t like ________ today.
A. to play, to play
B. playing, playing
C. playing, to play
D. to play, playing
Peter is busy _______ at school, but he never forgets ________ exercise every day.
A. working, doing
B. working, to do
C. at work, doing
You can never imagine the great difficulty I had _______ her QQ number.
A. to get
B. getting
C. got
D. not to get
–What about ________ hiking this Sunday?
-Great. I’d like ________ with you.
A. to go, going
B. going, going
C. going, to go
Many people think it’s important ________ us ________ learn English well.
A. for, to
B. to, to
C. with, for
–My dad bought me a new MP 4, but I don’t know_______.
-Let’s read the instructions.
A. what to use
B. which one to use
C. how to use it
D. when to use it Drivers are warned _________ when they are tired.
A. to drive
B. not drive
C. not to drive
If you want to know ________ the mobile phone, you’d better read the instructions first.
A. how to use
B. how to make
C. where to mend
D. where to buy Students should pay attention to _______ the teacher in class.
A. hear
B. listen to
C. listening to
D. hearing of
Alice asked me _______ another bag for her.
A. get B got C. to get D. getting
1. –Simon, do you feel like ________ basketball or football?
-________ is OK. I have a lot of homework to do.
A. to play, Neither
B. playing, Both
C. to play, Both
D. playing, Neither
2. Please stop _______. You must pay attention to _______ the teacher.
A. to talk, listen to
B. to talk, listening
C. talking, listening to
D. talking, listen to
3. All the children like Mr. White very much because he often makes them _______.
A. laughed
B. laugh
C. laughing
D. to laugh
4. –I enjoy _______ with different people and writing stories about them.
-Why don’t you consider ________ a TV reporter in the future?
A. talking, to be
B. to talk, to be
C. talking, being
D. to talk, being
5. –Have you seen the science fiction movie Carter of Mars, John?
-Yeah, it’s truly worth ________. It’s ________ moving that I’ve seen it twice.
A. seeing, too
B. to see, enough
C. seeing, so
D. to see, such
6. Stop ________! It would _______ your health.
A. smoking, harm to
B. to smoke, do harm for
C. smoking, do harm to
D. to smoke, be harmful for
7. –Who is the man talking to the teacher？
-A foreign teacher ________ our school.
A. visits
B. is visited
C. visited
D. visiting
8. When _______, the museum will be open to the public next year.
A. completed
B. completing
C. being completed
D. to be completed
9. Betty is often seen ________ the old man with his housework.
A. help
B. to help
C. helped
D. helps
10. Time goes by so fast. We must never miss the chance to show love for our parents and make them ________ how much they mean to us.
A. to know
B. knowing
C. know
11. –Why don’t you write?
-Sorry. I don’t have a pen ________?
A. to write
B. to write with
C. writing
D. writing with
12. –Do you know where Mr. Yu is?
-Well, it’s hard to say. But I heard him _______ loudly here just now.
A. was reading
B. reading
C. had read
D. to read
13. It’s very nice _______ pictures for me.
A. of you to draw
B. for you to draw
C. for you drawing
D. of you drawing
14. –Mr. Wang, I have trouble _______ the text.
-Remember _______ it three times at least.
A. to understand, reading
B. understanding, reading
C. understanding, to read
D. to understand, to read
15. It took my daughter two weeks _______ the novels _______ by Lu Xun.
A. read, written
B. to read, written
C. reading, to write
D. to read, wrote
16. Our parents often tell us not _______ alone n the river in summer.
A. swim
B. to swim
C. swimming
17. –How do you feel when you see the national flag of China?
-It makes us ________ proud.
A. feel
B. to feel
C. felt
D. feeling
词汇与语法
Word List (单词表) message n. 要旨，要点 tricky adj. (工作、问题等)微妙的，棘手的;(人)狡猾的beginning n. 开始;起初 semester n. (尤指美国大专院校的)学期m cover v. 处理 duty n. 任务 management n. 管理 number one adj. 最重要的;头号的 seriously adv. 真心地，当真地;认真地，严肃地 once conj. 一旦……(就……) weekly adj. 每周一次的 follow v. 遵照;沿用 following adj. 紧接着的 realistic adj. 现实可行的 essay n. 作文;短文 quiz n. 考查;测验 upset v. 打乱(计划等);打翻 ability n. 能力;才智
grade n. (考试或作业的)分数 achieve v. 获得 flexible adj. 灵活的 re-plan v. 重新计划 basis n. 基础;根据 project n. 课题;科研项目 mid-term adj. 期中的 solid adj. 扎实的 schedule n. 计划表 alive adj. 起作用的;现存的;活着的assignment n. (指定的)作业 activity n. 活动 social adj. 社交的;交谊的 seem v. 似乎;好像 back adj. 以前的;过去的 Proper Names Elwood N. Chapman 埃尔伍德·N·查普曼(人名) Useful Expressions(常用短语)
八年级下册英语语法大全
Unit6 Fun Cycling Topic1 We’re going on a spring field trip 一. 重点词汇 ( 一) 词形转换: 1.discuss(名词) discussion 2.queen(对应词) king https://www.360docs.net/doc/a934041.html,fortable(名词) comfort 4.safely (形容词) s afe (名词) safety ( 二) 词的辨析 1. find out / look for / find 2. cost / pay for / spend on 3. other /else 4. raise /rise 5.each /every 6.exciting / excited (三)重点词组: 1.go on a visit to 去……旅行 2. make the decision 做决定 3.bring back 带回 4.go on a field trip 去野外旅行 5.decide on (upon) Sth 对某事做出决定 6 see the sunrise 看日出 7. make a reservation 预订 8. come up with 想出（主意）
9. look forward to (doing) sth 期望 10. pay for 支付；赔偿 11. raise money 筹钱 12. book a ticket 订票 13. make a room for sb 为……订房间 14. have a wonderful time 玩得愉快 15. in the daytime 在白天 16. a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行 17.find out 查出 18. some places of interest 名胜 19. rooms with bathtub 带浴室的房间 20．a hard (soft) sleeper 硬（软）卧 21.my pleasure 不客气 二．重点句型及重点语言点 1. I have some exciting news to tell you. 我有一些激动人心的消息要告诉你们。 to tell you 是动词不定式短语，作定语。动词不定式作定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。如：I have nothing to talk about. He has a lot of work to do. 2. Sounds great!= It sounds great! 听起来不错。
初二英语语法学习归纳
初二英语语法大全 一. 知识点： 一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。 be going to do （动词原形）结构：表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如：It is going to rain. will do 结构表示将来的用法： 1. 表示预见 Do you think it will rain? You will feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 基本构成如下： 一般疑问句构成： （1）will+主语+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday? （2）there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there + be …? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won?t 否定句构成：will + not （won’t）+do Sarah won?t come to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成： 特殊疑问词＋will＋主语＋…？What will Sarah do next Sunday? 根据例句，用will改写下列各句 例：I don’t feel well today. （be better tomorrow） I?ll be better tomorrow. 1. Gina has six classes today. （have a lot of homework tonight） _____________________________ 2. I’m tired now. （sleep later） _____________________________ 3. My parents need a new car. （buy one soon） _____________________________ 4. We can’t leave right now. （leave a little later） _____________________________ 5. The weather is awful today. （be better tomorrow） _____________________________ 答案：1. She’ll have a lot of homework tonight. 2. I?ll sleep later. 3. They?ll buy one soon. 4. We?ll leave a little later. 5. Maybe it?ll be better tomorrow. （二）should的用法： should用来提出建议和忠告，后边加动词原形，否定句直接在should后边加not. 例如：I think you should eat less junk food. 我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。 She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot.
八年级下册英语语法知识点
1、Smell的用法smell作系动词后面跟形容词作表语例子：The milk in the a bit sour.瓶里的牛奶闻起来有点酸 2、What引导感叹句句型：what[a/an]+形容词+名词/名词性短语+主语+谓语 3、you like....?Would like意为想要可以直接跟宾语Would you like....?意为：你想要.....吗？回答为yes.../no... 例子：Would you like some noodles? 4、Try的用法作名词意为：努力，尝试。常用短语have a try：试试看try还可以做动词意为：尝试，努力。常用结构：try doing sth(尽力去做某事）/try to do sth（尝试去做某事） 5、Hear from sb的用法意为：收到某人的来信相当于get/receive a letter form sb. 注意：hear from的宾语是人，而get与receive的宾语是事物 6、Can’t wait to do sth.的用法Can’t wait to do sth意为：迫不及待做某事列子：Summer holiday is coming.Children can’t wait to go back home. 暑假快到了，孩子们都迫不及待地回家了。 7、With 具有；带有(1)with作介词，意为：具有；带有列子：I dream of a big house with a nice garden 我梦想拥有一个带花园的大房子(2)with+宾语+宾语补足语表示方式或伴随情况。宾语补足语由形容词、分词或介词短语来充当。列子：He left the room with the door open 他没关门就离开了房间。 8、Spend的用法(1) spend time ／money on sth.在……上花费时间(金钱). 例子：I spent two hours on this maths problem.这道数学题花了我两个小时.(2) spend time ／money (in) doing sth.花费时间(金钱)做某事. 例子：They spent two years (in) building this bridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间.(3)spend money for sth.花钱买…….(某物) 例子：His money was spent for books.他的钱用来买书了. 9、Be proud of..... 意为为...而感到骄傲无论什么情况都不用主格，因为是做介词of 的宾语，只能用宾格。如果主语和of后的词指代的是同一个人，就可以用反身代词，如：I'm proud of myself. You are proud of yourself. He is proud of himself. 如果主语和of 后的词指代的不是同一个人，不可用反身代词。如：I'm proud of you. You are proud of him. 感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel look smell sound taste。作为系动词这些词本身含有词义，但不能单独作为谓语，后面必须跟形容词构成表系结构，说明主语的状况、性质、特征等 10、What do/does sb.look like的用法What do/does sb.look like? 某人长什么样? 常用来形容外貌拓展：what is/are sb. Like?的用法what is/are sb. Like?意为某人怎么样？常用来形容性格 11、Close的用法close意为靠近；接近（1）close可作为副词列子：We sat close together.我们紧挨着坐在一起（2）close作形容词表示空间、时间上的接近相当于never。句型；be close to 意为：离....很近（3）close可作为动词意为：关闭反义词：open 12、While的用法while意为：当....的时候(1)while作连词引导时间状语从句，强调句中的动作与主句中的动作同时发生，但持续时间较长或主句的动作在从句的动作过程中发生。(2)while还可以用来表示对比，连接两个并列句子，对比某两件事物。 13、When的用法when引导的时间状语从句when意为：当(在)......的时候既可以连接一个时间点，又可以连接一个时间段。When引导的从句中的谓语多用终止性(瞬间)动词，主从句的动作可以同时发生也可以有先后顺序发生。列子：When I got back, I found my mother cooking for me. 当我回家时，我发现妈妈正在为我做饭。
英语词汇与语法
since 英音：[sins]美音：[s?ns] 副词ad. (常用于现在完成时或过去完成时) 1. 此后;从那时到现在 She left school three years ago and has worked as a nurse ever since. 她三年前毕业,从那时起便一直当护士。 2. 之前,以前 介词prep. 1. (常用于现在完成时或过去完成时)自...以来,从...至今 I haven't heard from him since last year. 我自去年以来未曾收到过他的信。 连接词conj. 1. (常用于现在完成时或过去完成时)自...以来,从...至今 It's been ten years since they married. 他们结婚到现在已经十年了。 She has been living a hard life since her husband died. 她自从丈夫死后,一直过着艰苦的生活。 2. 既然;因为,由于 He must have taken the book since it isn't here. 他一定是把书拿走了,因为书已不在这里了。 Since it is so hot, let's go swimming. 既然天气这么热,我们去游泳吧。 when 副词ad. 1. (用作疑问副词)什么时候,何时 I'd like to know when they'll let him out. 我想知道他们什么时候放他。 When did you last see Margaret? 你上一次见到玛格丽特是什么时候?
八年级英语语法归纳整理
八年级英语语法归纳整理(下册) Topic1 一. 重点词汇 ( 一 ) 词形转换: 1.discuss(名词) discussion 2.queen(对应词) king https://www.360docs.net/doc/a934041.html,fortable(名词) comfort 4.safely (形容词) safe (名词) safety ( 二 ) 词的辨析 1. find out / look for / find 2. cost / pay for / spend on 3. other /else 4. raise /rise 5.each /every 6.exciting / excited (三)重点词组: 1.go on a visit to 去……旅行 2. make the decision 做决定 3.bring back 带回 4.go on a field trip 去野外旅行 5.decide on (upon) sth 对某事做出决定 6 see the sunrise 看日出 7. make a reservation 预订 8. come up with 想出(主意) 9. look forward to (doing) sth 期望 10. pay for 支付;赔偿 11. raise money 筹钱 12. book a ticket 订票 13. make a room for sb 为……订房间 14. have a wonderful time 玩得愉快 15. in the daytime 在白天 16. a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行 17.find out 查出
大学英语B——词汇与语法
大学英语B——词汇与语法 1、I don’t know _______ to deal with such matter. D./ 答案：B 2、I am not used to speaking ________ public. 答案：A 3、- _______ is your girl friend like? - She is very kind and good-looking. 答案：B 4、We came finally _________ the conclusion that she has been telling lies all the time. 答案：C 5、- Write to me when you get home. - OK, I _______. 答案：C 6、He _______ driving me home, even though I told him I lived nearby.
on at that in 答案：A 7、I won’t make the _______ mistake next time. 答案：B 8、I didn’t know what to do, but then an idea suddenly ________ to me. 答案：C 9、A pair of spectacles ________ what I need at the moment. 答案：A 10、He _______ lives in the house where he was born. 答案：C 11、- Do you want to wait? - Five days ________ too long for me to wait.
初二英语语法总结
初二英语语法总结 1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如： When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的？ 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如： Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如： Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京？ 2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用 should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？ Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？ should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如： We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。 我们在使用时要注意以下几点： 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如： You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如： You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。 3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如： We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。 3) What...? 与 Which...? 1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如：What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？ 该句相当于： What does your father do?
人教版八年级英语下册各单元语法点汇总
Unit 1 What 'the matter? 一、询问某人的健康问运及遭到麻烦的表达方法 (1) 询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时，常用以下几种结构来表达： What's the matter (with sb. )?(某人)怎么了？ What's wrong (with sb. )?(某人)怎么了？ What's the trouble (with sb. )?(某人)出什么事了？ Whathappened (to sb. )?(某人)发生了什么事？ Are you OK?尔没事吧？ Is there anything wrong with sb. ?某人有什么事吗？ (2) 要表达身体疼痛或不舒服，可用以下结构： ①某人+have/has+病症. The twins have colds .双胞胎感冒了。 某人+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache. She had a stomachache last night .她昨晚肚子痛。 ③某人+have/has+a+sore+ 发病部位. Hehasasore throat .他喉咙痛。 ④某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词. Hehurt his leg.他的腿受伤了。 ⑤某部位+hurt(s). Myhead hurts badly .我头痛得厉害。 ⑥某人+have/has+a pain+in on e's+身体部位，I have a pa in in my chest .我胸口痛。 ⑦(There is)something wrong with one's+身体部位. There is something wrong with my right eye ..我的右眼有毛病。 ⑧其他表达方式 She has a heart trouble .她有心脏病。 Hegot hit on the head他头部受到了撞击。 She cut her finger .她割破手指了。 二情态动词should的用法 1. Should为情态动词，意为“应该；应当”，否定式为shouldn '，其后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求或义务等。You should drink hot water with honey .你应该喝加有蜂蜜的开水。Heshould put his head back 他应该把头后仰。 Weshould try our best to help him.我们应当尽力去帮助他。Youshouldn ‘t watch TV.你不应该看电视。 2. Should用于主语为第一人称的疑问句，表示征询意见。 Should I put somemedicine on it?我应当给它敷上药吗？Should wetell her about it?我们应该告诉她这件事吗？ 【拓展】在英语中，表示建议的说法有很多，而且都是中考考查的重点。主要结构有： ①Would you like (to do) sth .?你想要/愿意(做)某事吗？ Would you like to play basketball with me?尔想要和我一起打篮球吗？ ②Shall I/we do sth ?我/我们做”好吗？ Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow?明天我们去动物园，好吗？ ③Whynot do sth ?为什么不”呢？ Why not join us?为什么不加入到我们当中来呢？ ④How/Whatabout doing sth ?做某事怎么样？Howabout going swimming?去游泳怎么样？
完整word版,高中英语词汇与语法练习100题
高中英语词汇与语法练习100题 1、____ your help we ____ not have finished in time . A. But for,should B. Except for,can C. But,might D. Without,shall 2、I’ll start to think about it ____ I have to write my report. A. before B.as C. while D. when 3、It ______ long before we ______ the result of the experiment. A. will not be, will know B. is, will know C. will not be, know D. is, know 4、Nothing ________ disaster _____ come from such a plan. A. otherwise,could B. or,might C. but , would D.without, should 5、She _____ things around. A. always moving B.was always moving C. has always been moved D. did move always 6、It did nothing but ____ us ridiculous . A．to make B.make C.made D. had made 7、The ship ____ ready for a month . A. isn’t B. has not been C. will not be D. had not been 8、They want all groups ___ an equal basis. A to be treated on B to treat C to be treated D to treat on 9、He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _____ from the university next year. A. will graduate B. will have graduated C. graduates D. is to graduate 10、--- But how long can you stay in the house? --- I don't know. It _______ A. depended B. depends c. is depended D. will be depended 11、People ______ less tolerant of smoking these days. A.are becoming B.has become C. will have become D. will become 12、We ___ next winter in Australia A. are spending B. have spent C. spend D. will have spent 13、He ____ tomorrow morning on the 13:27 train. A. will have arrived B. arrive C. has arrived D. is arriving 14、The origin of the universe ______ probably never ______. A.is, explain B. will, be explained C.is, explained D. will, explain 15.You were lucky to escape ______ . A. having been punished B. to be punished C. to have been punished D. being punished 16. Anne never dreams of ____ for her to be sent abroad very soon. A. there being a chance B. there to be a chance C. there be a chance D. being a chance 17. Her hair curls _____ . A. naturally B. natural C. nature D. native 18\Your hair wants ___ . A. to cut B. being cut C.cutting D. to be cutting 19. It’s no good _____ to come now. He is busy. A. if you ask him B. to ask him C. asking him D. that you ask him 20. --- How did you get to the airport? --- I got Charlie ______ me there. A. drove B. drive C. driving D. to drive
人教版新目标八年级下册英语语法
八年级下册英语 1．形容词，副词的比较等级考查热点透视： a)表示A与B在程度上相同时，“as+形容词或副词的原级+as”结构。表示A不如B时，可用“not as/so+形容词或副词的原级+as”结构。 b)表示A比B在程度上“更…..”时，可用“形容词或副词的比较级+than”结构 c)表示三者或三者以上的比较，其中一个在程度上“最…..”时，常用“the+形容词或副词的最高级”结构，后面可带“of/in的短语”来说明比较的范围。（注意：副词的最高级在句中常省略“the”.） d)在形容词或副词的比较级前，可以用“a little, even, far, much,still”的等词语来修饰，以加强语气。 e)表示“越来越….”时，常用“形容词或副词的比较级+and+形容词或副词的比较级”结构，但要注意，对于多音节和部分双音节形容词，副词而言，若要表达此意时，要用“more and more+形容词或副词的原级“结构。 f)在表示“其中最….之一“的含义时，常使用“one of+the+形容词最高级形式+名词复数”结构，其中的定冠词the不可以省略。 g)如果强调“两者中比较…的（一个）”的意思时，可使用“the+形容词比较级+其它”结构。 h)表示“越….越….”, 可使用“the+形容词或副词的比较级，the+形容词或副词的比较级”结构。 2 .一般将来时 a)一般将来时的构成：由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成，shall用于第一人称。在口语中，will在名词或代词后常简略为’ll 用”be going to +动词原形”也可表示将来时，表示将要发生的事，打算或决定要做的事。 b)一般将来时的用法：1）表示将要发生的动作或情况；2）不以人的意志为转移，肯定要发生的事情。The day after tomorrow will be National Day.后天是国庆日。 3. in/after:in是指以现在时间为起点的“在一段时间以后”。也可以表示“在将来多少时间之内”，句子中的谓语动词要用一般将来时态；after常指以过去时间为起点的“一段时间之后”，所以它与过去时态连用。当after指某个特定的未来时刻或日期之后，或指以将来某一时间为起点的若干时间之后时，它可以与将来时态连用。 4.more, less, fewer的用法区别：more为many, much的比较级，意为“更多”，可修饰可数与不可数名词。Less是little 的比较级，意为“更好，较少”，修饰不可数名词。Fewer是few的比较级，意为“更少”，修饰可数名词复数。【注意】few, little表示否定“几乎没有”。a few, a little表示肯定“一点，几个”。 5.would like sth意思为“想要某物“；would like to do意思为”想要做某事“。回答would like句型的一般疑问句时，其肯定回答为“Yes, please.”;否定回答“No, thanks”或“I’d like /love to, but….” 6. Such作形容词，意思是“如此的”“这样的”，修饰各种名词。 Such这样的。如It is such bad weather.天气如此恶劣。 Such常和as搭配，表示一种类别。如We enjoy such a voice as hers.我们喜欢象她那样的嗓子。 Such常和表示结果的that从句搭配，表示“如此….以至于…”如 It was such a hot day that we all had to stay at home. Such…that…和so…that…都可用来引出一个结果状语从句。由于such是形容词，所以that从句前有一个受such 修饰的名词；而so 是副词，用以修饰形容词或副词，因此that从句前一般不出现名词。如 They are such kind-hearted teachers that people in the village all respect them.
初二英语语法总结大全
初二期末英语必考的十二大语法点 一. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级 1. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则 （1）单音节词和少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节单词，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est。 ①单音节单词 small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest ②少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节单词 clever→cleverer→cleverest
narrow→narrower→narrowest （2）以不发音e结尾的单音节单词，比较级在原形后加-r，最高级在 原级后加-st。 large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest （3）以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）单词中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est。 big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest （4）以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est。 easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest
busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest （5）其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most。 beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily （6）有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记。 good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest
(完整)八年级下外研版下册英语语法
八年级外研版--语法知识部分 时态部分 现在进行时：现在进行时的基本用法： 1.表示说话时正在进行的动作常和now 连用，有时用一个look、listen ,来表now 这一时 间概念。Look! A train is coming .看，火车来了 Listen! He is playing the piano.听，他在弹琴。 2.表示现阶段正在进行的动作但不一定是说话时正在进行。常和at present ,this week ,these days…等时间状语连用。 What lesson are you studying this week?你们本周学哪一课了？（说话时并不在学） 3.现在进行时有时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作.即是说可以用来代 替将来时，但此时，一般要与表示将来时的时间状语连用，而且仅限于少量动词。如：go, come, leave, start, arrive, return . sleep Are you going to Tianjin tomorrow? 你明天去天津吗? How many of you are coming to the party next week? 你们有多少人下周要来参加晚会？ 一般将来时:.be going to+ 动词原形~ 对于将要发生的事，或打算、计划、决定要做的事情时，皆以be going to + 动词原形的句型来表示因此此句型有be动词，所以是否用am, is, are ,决定于主语 1.肯定句：主语+be (is, am, are) going to +动词原形I am going to play football next Sunday. 下周日我打算踢足球◇He is going to travel around the world. 他计划周游世界。 ◇They are going to meet outside the school gate. 他们打算在校门口见面。◇It is going to rain. 要下雨了。 2.否定句：主语+be (am, are, is) not going to +动词原形We are not going to have any classes next week. 下周我们不上课。◇I’m not going to be a teacher. 我不打算当老师。 ◇He isn’t going to see his brother tomorrow. 他明天不准备去看他哥哥。 3.疑问句：Be (Am, Is, Are) +主语+ going to + 动词原形 ◇Are you going to be a doctor when you grow up? 你长大了，打算当一名医生吗？ Yes, I am. 是的，我打算当。No, I’m not. 不，我不打算当。 will 同be going to 的用法相同以今天为起点的所有将来时间，如： this afternoon / this evening = tonight / tomorrow/ tomorrow morning / afternoon / evening , the day after tomorrow / next week , next Wednesday / next month, next September / next year. ★“be going to + 动词原形”表示计划、打算、将来发生的动作，常和this afternoon （今天下午），this evening = tonight （今晚），tomorrow （明天），tomorrow morning (afternoon , evening ) （明早，午，晚），the day after tomorrow（后天），next Sunday （下个星期天），next week (下周)，next month (下个月)，next year (明年)等的时间状语连用，前不加任何介词。另外，动作性动词go ,come 和leave 等的现在进行时表示一般将来时动作。 四、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级1．比较级：句子表示两者之间的比较时用比较级，其标志词是than, much, a little , even和still等。 e.g. ①Her hair is much longer than mine. 她的头发比我的长多了。②I’m a little older than you. 我比你大一点儿。2．最高级：句子表示三者或多者的比较时用最高级，其标志词是表示范围的in…或of …介词短语。在句子中，形容词最高级前必须加the。 e.g. ①The boy is the tallest in our class. 这个男孩是我们班最高的。 ②Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?
电大英语统考词汇与语法
一、词汇与语法 1、I like the teacher _____classes are very interesting and creative. A、which B、who C、whose D、what 参考答案:C 解析: 考点:定语从句。whose引导限定性定语从句。 句意：我喜欢那位老师，她的课非常有趣并有创意。 2、- Write to me when you get home.- OK, I _______. A、must B、should C、will D、can 参考答案:C 解析: 考点：情态动词。will 表示愿意做某事，含有许诺或决心等意思，符合题意。 句意：“你到家就给我写封信。” “好的，我会的。” 3、"Let me ______ you," said my boss, "you should call me immediately after you arrive at the airport." A、ask B、advise C、remember D、remind 参考答案:D
解析: 4、- Do you want to wait?- Five days ________ too long for me to wait. A、was B、were C、is D、are 参考答案:C 解析: 考点：主谓一致。数词+名词（表示时间、长短、重量或金钱等）当作单一的数量时，谓语动词为单数。 5、I often see ______ the road on his way home. A、he cross B、him cross C、him crossed D、he crossing 参考答案:B 解析: 考点:非谓语动词。在某些感官动词或使役动词see，hear, make(使，让), have(使，让)等之后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，即：see（hear，make，have）sb. do sth.。句意：我经常看见他在回家路上穿过那条马路。 6、Don’t forget ________ the window before leaving the room. A、to have closed B、to close C、having closed D、closing 参考答案:B 解析: 考点:非谓语动词。forget+动词不定式表示不要忘记去做某事，而forget+动名词则表示忘记已经做过某事。句意：离开这个房间前，别忘了关窗户。