英语中“许多”的表达方法

英语中“许多”的表达方法
英语中“许多”的表达方法

英语中“许多”的表达法

根据它们所修饰名词的性质,主要分为三个方面:

Ⅰ、仅用来修饰可数名词的有:

▲A、不定量

many, many a, a good (great )many, more than one, a great(large)number of, quite a few

例:1> Are there many difficult problems in your exercises?

2> Many a book has been published in this new publishing house.

3> A good (great) many scientists love music.

4> More than one student in his class has been to the Great Wall.

5> The little violinist has played a great(large) number of

tunes.

6> I had quite a few falls so that I was all blue and black.

★注:⑴在否定句和疑问句中较多使用many。

⑵many a 和more than one 只能修饰单数可数名词且谓语一定要用单数形式,见例2>、4>。

⑶在例7> 中a good (great) many 为代词,意为我们当中的许多人,所以必须加of,而在例2>中a good many 中为形容词,故不能加of。

7> A good (great) many of us have attended the English course.

⑷在例8> 中,the number of 为“......

的数目”,主语是the number 而非players,故谓语要求用单数形

式。

8> The number of players who will attend the Atlanta Olympic Games has been decided.

▲B、定量

dozens of 成打的)、scores of(好几十的)、hundreds of(成百的)、thousands of(成千的)、tens of thousands of (成万的)、millions of(上百万的)以上这些词为定量修饰词,从字面上可看出量的多少,它们也主要用于修饰可数名词。

例:9> In an "ant city ",you can see tens of thousands of ants.

★注:它们前面一般不加具体的数字如ten dozens of books(×),但有时可加上some, many 来进行修饰。

例:10> Many millions of dollars was collected for the Asian Games. (参照:张克礼编译《英语语法难题集释》P143)

Ⅱ、仅用来修饰不可数名词

much, a large(huge) amount of ,a large sum of等只用来修饰不可数名词,其中much较多在否定句和疑问句中使用。

(参照:《牛津实用英语语法》P49 陈则源夏定雄译1986年版)

例:10> There isn't much water in the vessel.

11> The new factory demands a large amount of electricity each month.

12> The joint venture company has invested a large sum of

money in the new project.

★注:many more +n. [c] 和much more +n.[u]. 在这一结构中应根据more 之后的名词来确定用many 或much ,当该名词为可数名词复数时需用many,如many more tractors/teachers /lessons 等;当该名词为不可数名词时,用如much, much more time/meat/money 等。

Ⅲ、既可以修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词

a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great(good) deal of, a(good) supply of, supplies of, a large quantity of, large quantities of

例:13> Plenty of water for a person every day is quite necessary.

14> This store will supply us plenty of English story-books that

we need.

15> " I have lots of (a lot of ) money."

said the little boy proudly.

16> The market always supplies a large quantity of (large quantities of) vegetables or meat to our canteen.

17> His absence caused the host a great deal of anxiety.

18> There in your composition your teacher has found out a great deal of grammatical errors.

★注:在许多书本中包括章振邦主编的《新编英语语法》(修订本)上说,a great deal of 只用作不可数名词的定语,但是《牛津现崐代高级英汉双解辞典》(P304) 有a great deal of friends 的例子,以及在《英语世界》1992年第5期P156“答问”栏中,许孟雄教授也明确指出a great deal of 可修饰可数名词或不可数名词。

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