人教英语必修五-unit1-同步练习测验题
Unit 1 Great scientists
Ⅱ. 单项选择，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳答案完成句子
1. The doctor suggested that the girl ________ in order to lose weight.
A. must not eat less
B. ought not to eat less
C. had better not eat less
D. not eat less
2. The little boy came back to life ________ he took the medicine given by Doctor Snow.
A. at once
B. immediately
C. at last
D. shortly
3. A statue of Dr Bethune was set up in honour of the contributions he had made ________.
A. to help our revolutionary work
B. in help our revolutionary work
C. to saving so many lives in the war
D. for having saved so many lives in the war
4. A special team was sent to Shandong Province to look into the cause of the train accident. And
the investigation showed that high speed ________.
A. was to be blamed
B. was to blame
C. should blame
D. had to blame
5.—Who is ________ the patient?
—Maybe his sister.
A. taking care
B. looking for
C. joining in
D. attending on
6. His report about the disaster was not believable. He didn’t really go to the spot; instead, he
________ the whole story.
A. thought up
B. set up
C. made up
D. put up
7. It will do harm to your health if you get ________ to the X-ray too much.
A. exposed
B. linking
C. linked
D. exposing
8. Many people ________ buying goods in this supermarket for its bad service.
A. refused
B. rejected
C. resisted
D. removed
9. Finally, things were under ________ after days of the earthquakes.
A. control
B. charge
C. peace
D. disorder
10. From his ________ face, we could tell how thrilling the movie was.
A. being terrified
B. terrifying
C. having terrified
D. terrified
11. He told me about the things ________ at the meeting yesterday.
A. discussed
B. to be disscussed
C. to discuss
D. being discussed
12. ―How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?
―The key the problem is to meet the damand by the customers.
A. to solving; making
B. to solving; made
C. to solve; making
D. to solve; made
13. ―I’m very with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.
―Mm, it does have a smell.
A. pleasant; pleased
B. pleased; pleased
C. pleasant; pleasant
D. pleased; pleasant
14. It’s a pleasure to watch the face of a(n) baby.
A. asleep
B. sleep
C. sleeping
D. slept
15. This is a temple during the Qing Dynasty.
A. built
B. to be built
C. having built
D. being built
Ⅲ. 用括号中所给词汇地正确形式完成下列句子
1. John Snow told the story about the ________ (astonish) people in Broad Street.
2. Don’t drink ________ (pollute) water, because it may cause diseases.
3. Some of the people ________ (invite) to the party couldn’t come.
4. There is a car ________ (park) outside the house.
5. We were ________ (inspire) by the ________ (inspire) news.
6. Why are you looking so ________ (disappoint)?
7. He has been teaching for ten years. He is an ________ (experience) teacher.
8. From the stomach, the disease attacked the body quicklyand soon the ________ (affect) person
was dead.
9. His success is somewhat ________ (link) to his hard work.
10. The manager prefers reading the newspaper ________ (deliver) to his office before setting
about work.
Ⅳ.根据所给地汉语提示及重点词语，将下列汉语译成英语
1. 这种新药已经治愈了数以万计人地天花，这说明它是有效地.(cure, prove)
__________________________________________________________________________
2. 昨晚半夜起来看球导致现在他在课堂上睡觉. (lead)
__________________________________________________________________________
3. 面对失败，哭泣没有任何用.(use)
__________________________________________________________________________
4. 不要总把失败归咎于他人.有时该怪自己.(blame)
__________________________________________________________________________
5. 他们正在全神贯注地看电影.(absorb)
__________________________________________________________________________
Ⅴ. 完形填空
A successful scientist is generally a good observer.He makes full1of the facts he observes.He doesn’t accept ideas which are not 2 on facts, and therefore refuses toaccept authority（权威）as the only reason for truth.He always 3 ideas carefully and makes experimentsto prove them.
The rise of 4 science may perhaps be considered to 5 as far back as the
6 of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford, who lived between the years 1214 and 1292.He was probably the first in the MiddleAgesto suggest that we should learn science7observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself
8 many important discoveries.
Galileo, however, who lived more than 300 years later, was the greatest of several great men,
9 lived in Italy, France, Germany, or England, began by10 to show how many important11 could be discovered by observation.Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more12 towards the earth than small ones, becauseAristotle said so.But Galileo, going to the13 of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two
14 stones and proved Aristotle was wrong.It was Galileo’s15 of going direct to Nature, and proving our opinionsand theories by experiment, that has led to all the discoveries of modern science.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/a99258181.html,eB.timeC.speedD.trust
2.A.workedB.basedC.livedD.written
3.A.thinksB.checksC.hasD.learn
4.A.naturalB.physicalC.ancientD.modern
5.A.dateB.keepC.lookD.take
6.A.studyB.timeC.yearD.birth
7.A.in B.withC.onD.by
8.A.did B.madeC.took D.gave
9.A.who B.whenC.that D.where
10.A.ways B.degrees C.levels D.chance
11.A.truths B.problems C.people D.subjects
12.A.slowly B.rapidly C.lightly D.heavily
13.A.place B.foot C.top D.ceiling
14.A.big B.small C.equal D.unequal
15.A.spirit B.skill C.theory D.discovery
Ⅵ.阅读理解，根据短文内容选择正确答案
（A）
Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany on Mar. 14, 1879. Einstein’s parents moved from Ulm to Munich when Einstein was still a baby. The family business was the manufacture of electrical
parts. When the business failed, in 1894, the family moved to Milan, Italy. At this time Einstein decided officially to give up his German citizenship. Within a year, still without having completed secondary school（中学）, Einstein failed an examination that would have allowed him to continue with a course of study leading to a diploma（文凭）as an electrical engineer at the Swiss Federal Institue of Technology. He spent the next year in nearby Aarau at a secondary school, where he enjoyed excellent teachers and first-rate facilities（设备）in physics. Einstein returned in 1896 to the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, where he graduated, in 1900 as a secondary school teacher of mathematics and physics.
After two years he got a post at the Swiss patent （专利）office in Bern. The patent office work required Einstein’s careful attention, but while employed（1902－1909）there, he completed an astonishing range of publications in theoretical physics. For the most part these texts were written in his spare time and without the benefit of close contact（接触）with either the scientific literature or theoretician colleagues. Einstein submitted one of his scientific papers to the University of Zurich for a PhD degree in 1905. In 1908 he sent a second paper to the University of Bern and became a lecturer there. The next year Einstein received a regular appointment as associate professor of physics at the University of Zurich.
By 1909, Einstein was recognized throughout German-speaking Europe as a leading scientific thinker.
1. Which of the following shows the right order of the events that happened to Einstein?
a. graduated from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
b. moved to Milan
c. got a post at the Swiss patent office in Bern
d. worked in the University of Zurich
e. studied at a secondary school in Aarau
f. gave up his German citizenship
A. c, b, a, e, d, f B . a, b, f, e, d, c C. b, f, e, a, d, c D. b, f, e, a, c, d
2. How many countries did Einstein stay in before he became successful?
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
3. What did Einstein do when he was in the patent office?
A. He paid little attention to his work.
B. He wrote plenty of scientific works.
C. He kept close contact with his friends.
D. He read a lot of physics books.
4. Which of the following do you think played the most important role in Einstein’s success?
A. His school year in the secondary school in Aarau.
B. His years in the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology.
C. His years in the Swiss patent office.
D. His PhD degree.
（B）
Allison Schwartz from Connecticut：
Marie Curie is my hero because she shows determination, and that if you keep at your goal you will get what you want. She was an inventor and a scientist. She discovered radium and she invented the first mobile X-ray machine so that soldiers could be X-rayed in the field when they were hurt. I thought it was neat（极好地）that she was the first woman to receive the Nobel Prize for science.
Sebastian Robbins from Washington:
Someone who failed at something and moved beyond it. For me, it was Albert Einstein. When I heard that he failed algebra（代数）, I knew we had a connection. When I heard at age nine he spoke hesitantly（吞吞吐吐地）, I knew I had arrived. I didn’t let the facts dissuade（劝阻）me. In reality he never failed math but he did fail in the entrance exam to the Polytechnic Institute of Zurich; that was enough for me. I had to walk home with my share of papers that had “have your mother call me” written in red on part of the paper. I would periodically think of the words from his “gymnasium”(high school) teacher in Munich, “Your mere presence here undermines （破坏）the class’ respect for me.”
Rachel Kern from New Mexico:
I am a senior at the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, majoring in chemistry with a minor（主修）in environmental science. I am interested in many environmental issues, including alternative（替代性地）energy. I really admire scientists such as Linus Pauling, Rachel Carson, and
Albert Einstein who did not separate their private beliefs from their work. They combined their scientific knowledge with their moral（道德地）and ethical（伦理地）beliefs to educate others on environmental, political, and social issues.
Owen Paine from New Jersey
I admire Einstein. Okay, I admire it; I’m an Einstein groupie. Some mornings I even have his hair.
I have Einstein calendars, coffee mugs, posters, neckties, T-shirts, biographies（传纪）and even a life size soft sculpture（雕刻）of him sitting in my office. I have everything Einsteinium except his problem solving skills.
5. Why does Allison Schwartz admire Madame Curie?
A. For her determination.
B. For her scientific discovery.
C. For her scientific invention.
D. For the Nobel Prize she won.
6. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Einstein according to Sebastian Robbins?
A. He was not good at algebra at school.
B. He was a boy of slow speech.
C. He failed the entrance exam to the Polytechnic Institute of Zurich.
D. His gymnasium teacher in Munich liked him.
7. Rachel Kern admires scientists .
A. who did not separate their private beliefs from their work
B. who combined their life with their work
C. who educated others on environmental, political, and social issues
D. who studied environmental issues, including alternative energy
8. The underlined word “groupie” most probably means .
A. fan
B. friend
C. relative
D. copier
9. What can we learn about Owen Paine?
A. He collects Einstein’s hair.
B. He likes to have Einstein’s hair style sometimes.
C. He has some of Einstein’s T-shirts.
D. He has a stone sculpture of Einstein.
Ⅶ. 书面表达
假如你为学校黑板报写稿介绍诺贝尔（Alfred Nobel），请根据以下提示写一篇图文并茂地短文.
身份：科学家，发明家，商人
个性：孤独，谦虚，害羞，不愿告诉别人自己地想法和感情
工作：精力充沛，沉迷科学和生意，日夜研究、工作
生活：生活俭朴，经常拒绝官方宴请
兴趣：对文学感兴趣，写剧本、小说、诗歌，但都没有发表
梦想：服务人类，设立“诺贝尔奖”奖励那些对人类做出杰出贡献地人
注意：1. 词数120左右（开头已写好）.
2. 衔接连贯自然.
3. 参考词汇：absorb, apart from, in addition to, contribution
literature 文学modest 谦虚地
What do you know about Alfred Nobel, Founder of the Nobel Prizes?
Alfred Nobel was born on October 21, 1833. His father was an engineer in Stockholm, Sweden.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
Ⅱ. 单项选择，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳答案完成句子
1. D 解析：suggest接宾语从句时表示“建议”，从句中应该用“should + 动词原形”表示
虚拟，should可以省略.
2. B 解析：immediately相当于连词，表示“一……就”，后接时间状语从句.
3. C 解析：make contributions to sth / doing sth为……做贡献.
4. B 解析：sb / sth is to blame 某人/某事物应受责备.
5. D 解析：attend on / upon / to 伺候，看护，照料.与take care of和look after为近义词.
6. C 解析：think up想出.set up创设.make up编造.put up张贴.句义是“他编造了所有地故事”，故选C.
7. A 解析：get / be done表示“被……”，可以排除B和D.link 连接，连结.expose 暴露.根据句义“过多接触X射线，会对健康造成危害”，故选A.
8. B 解析：refuse to do拒绝做某事.reject doing拒绝做某事.cannot resist doing禁不住做某事.题干意思“因为服务差，许多人拒绝购买这家超市地商品”，根据句型结构应选B.
9. A 解析：under control一切在控制中.in charge在掌管中.in disorder处于混乱.根据句义及搭配应选A.
10. D 解析：从后半句可推知前半句地意思是“从他惊愕地表情”.terrified face惊恐地脸，表示人很害怕地表情.terrifying令人害怕地.故选D.
11. A 解析：句义为“他告诉我昨天在会上讨论地事情”.事情是被讨论，可以排除C；选项B表示将要被讨论；选项D表示正在被讨论；故选A.
12. B 解析：第一个空the key to…中地to是介词，后面要接名词或者动名词；第二个空要用made，过去分词作定语，意思是“顾客提出地要求”.故选B.
13. D 解析：过去分词作表语或定语时常用来修饰人，be pleased with…表示“对……满意”.
pleasant意思是“令人愉快地”，修饰物.故选D.
14. C 解析：baby与sleep之间是一种主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语；asleep只能作表语.故选C.
15. A 解析：temple与build之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，to be built表示要修建，还没有修建；being built表示正在修建当中.本句说庙宇是在清朝时修建地，所以选A.
Ⅲ. 用括号中所给词汇地正确形式完成下列句子
1. astonished
2. polluted
3. invited
4. parked
5. inspired; inspiring
6. disappointed
7. experienced
8. affected
9. linked 10. delivered
Ⅳ.根据所给地汉语提示及重点词语，将下列汉语译成英语
1. After curing millions of people of their cholera, the medicine proved effective.
2. Getting up to watch a football match at midnight last night led to his falling asleep at class now.
3. It is no use crying over failure.
4. Don’t always blame failure on others. Sometimes you yourself are to blame.
5. They were absorbed in (watching) a movie.
Ⅴ. 完形填空
1.A解析：make full use of为固定短语，意为“充分利用”.这里指充分采用他所观察地事实.
2.B解析：be based on意思为“以……为根据”.这里指以事实为依据.
3.B 解析：根据后面地内容“做实验来证明它们”可以推知本句句义为“他总是仔细审核观点并做实验来验证”.
4. D 解析：从此句后半部分以及本文最后一句可以知道应该是指“现代科学”.
5. A 解析：date back(to...)为固定短语，意思是“追溯到……时间”.
6.B解析：此处time意思是“时代，时期”.
7.D解析：句义为“我们应该通过对周围地事情进行观察和做实验来学科学”.on和by都有“靠、凭借”地意思；on后常常接名词或代词；by后常接动名词.
8. B解析：make a discovery为固定短语，意思是“发现”.在此符合题意.
9. A 解析：此处who引导一个定语从句，who指代前面地the greatestof several great men.
10. B解析：by degrees是一个固定短语，相当于gradually，意思是“渐渐地，逐渐地”.
11. A解析：根据语境，此处是指通过观察、实验来发现“真理(truth)”，而不是“问题”.
12.B解析：此处讲述地是在伽利略之前地科学家地观点，即大物体比小物体更快地着地，故选B.
13.C解析：实验是在比萨斜塔地“顶上”进行地.
14. D 解析：根据上文，此前人们相信大物体总比小物体下落快.为了通过实验来推翻亚里士多德地这一观点，伽利略到比萨斜塔地顶上同时放下两个体积“不等地”石块.
15. A解析：从上文可以看出，这就是伽利略直接走向大自然地精神，也正是由于伽利略这
一深入事物本质，并通过实验证明观点和理论地精神引领了所有现代科学地发现.此处spirit 意思是“精神”.
Ⅵ. 阅读理解，根据短文内容选择正确答案
1. D 解析：按照这些事件发生地时间顺序可以判断选择D.
2. B 解析：细节题.文中提到他出生在德国，1894年全家搬到意大利，后来又在瑞士上学和工作，所以是3个国家.
3. B 解析：由第二段第二句和第三句可知，正确答案是B，其他选项与文章不符.
4. A 解析：由第一段倒数第二句可知in a secondary school in Aarau期间，他遇到了非常优秀地教师和第一流地设备，其他阶段文章并未做出专门介绍，故选A.
5. A 解析：细节题.第一段第一句明确告诉我们答案.
6. D 解析：由第二段最后一句可知老师并不喜欢爱因斯坦，所以选D；其他选项文中都提到了.
7. A 解析：由第三段第三句可知正确答案是A.
8. A 解析：后面讲到了“我”会梳爱因斯坦式地发型，收集印有爱因斯坦地日历、咖啡杯、海报等等，所以不难看出是爱因斯坦地“粉丝”，故选A.
9. B 解析：由最后一段可知，选项A，C和D都与文章不符，只有B表述符合文义.
Ⅶ. 书面表达
参考范文：
What do you know about Alfred Nobel, Founder of the Nobel Prizes?
Alfred Nobel was born on October 21, 1833. His father was an engineer in Stockholm, Sweden.
As a famous scientist, inventor and businessman, Alfred Nobel was a lonely man. He was very modest, often appearing shy to other people. He was unwilling to speak about his thoughts or feelings.
He had amazing energy and was deeply absorbed in scientific ideas and his business, and devoted himself night and day to his studies and work.
He led a simple life and often refused invitations to official dinners. In addition, he had a long interest in literature and liked writing plays, novels, and poems. However, most of them remained unpublished.
His dream was to be of service to mankind so he left a great deal of money to award those who have made great contributions for mankind.
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高中英语必修五Unit1知识点
必修5 Unit1 Great scientists 1.explain（vt.）解释;说明;阐明 sth. to sb. Please explain this rule to me. explain + that从句He explained that he had been cheated. +wh- Can you explain how the machine operates? 2.characteristic n. 特征；特性 e.g. Kindness is one of his characteristics. adj.独特的 e.g. I heard my friend’s characteristic laugh. 短语：be characteristic of sb./sth. 是.....的特性 e.g. Such bluntness is characteristic of him. 3. put forward 提出（建议等）；提名; 提前，把时钟往前拨 e.g. He put forward a new plan. [归纳拓展] put down 记下；镇压put out 关掉；熄灭put on 穿上 put away 收好put aside 放在一边；储存；保留put off 推迟；延期 put up 建造；举起；张贴 选词填空（put off, put up, put forward, put aside, put out） ①The plan that you _____ at the meeting is wonderful. ②Many tall buildings were _____ along the road. ③Firefighters have been called to _____ the fire in the city center. ④He has a little money to _____ for a rainy day. ⑤Don’t _____ until tomorrow wha t can be done today. 2.draw a conclusion得出结论 1）conclusion作名词，意为―结束，结论 短语：come to/reach/arrive at a conclusion 得出结论 in conclusion 最后 e.g. I will in conclusion say a few words about my visit to Tokyo. 2）conclude作动词，―结束；断定；决定 to conclude（作插入语）最后,作为总结(= to sum up) e.g. To conclude, I think smoking does more harm than good to us. 4. expert 1）n.专家，能手 an expert in psychology（心理学）an agricultural expert 2）adj.熟练的，有专门技术的 be expert in/at sth 精通…… doing sth. an expert job需要专门知识的工作 e.g. He is expert in / at cooking. 5.attend vt. & vi. 参加，注意，照料 1）attend a ceremony / lecture / a meeting 2）attend to (on)伺候, 照顾，看护 e.g. Mother had to attend to her sick son. 3）attend to处理，注意倾听 e.g. Can you attend to the matter immediately? 4. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 1）暴露expose sb/ sth to sth e.g. He exposes his skin to the sun. 2）揭露 e.g.He
人教版英语必修5 Unit 1 单元测试
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Unit 1 GREAT SCIENTISTS JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”John Snow was a famous doctor in London — so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people (who were) exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its
day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found. (expose:1暴露be exposed to all kinds of weather.经受
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