七年级英语专项训练----名词

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七年级英语上册专项训练--------名词

【知识讲解】名词变复数

1.1 名词复数的规则变化

1.2 其它名词复数的规则变化

1)以元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数。例如: 

男孩boy--- boys |玩具toy---toys |猴子monkey---monkeys 假期holiday---holidays 2)以o字母结尾的名词,变复数时:

a.加s,如:照片photo---photos钢琴piano---pianos 收音机radio---radios动物园zoo---zoos;

b.加es,如:土豆potato--potatoes 西红柿tomato—tomatoes 英雄hero---heroes

c.上述a和b两种方法均可,如zero---zeros / zeroes。 

3)以f或fe字母结尾的名词变复数时:初中阶段:先把f , fe 变为v,然后再加es,如:一半half---halves 小刀knife---knives 树叶leaf---leaves 狼wolf---wolves

妻子wife---wives 生命life---lives 小偷thief---thieves 书架shelf---shelves

1.3 名词复数的不规则变化

1. “oo常常变ee,男人女人a变e”

例如: foot→feet脚;tooth→teeth牙齿;man→men男人;woman→women女人;2.单复数相同:“羊鱼小鹿无变化,单数复数是一家”

例如: sheep→sheep绵羊;fish→fish鱼;deer→deer鹿;

3.不规则变化:child→children孩子;mouse→mice老鼠;German→Germans德国人;

4“某国人”的复数有三种类型:口诀“中日不变英法变,其它S加后边”

(1)Chinese, Japanese单数复数同形,不需加s;

(2)Englishman, Englishwoman, Frenchman, Frenchwoman复数要把man 变为men;

(3)其他各国人以–an, -ian收尾的均直接加s。如:

美国人Americans, 澳大利亚人Australians, 加拿大人Canadians,俄罗斯人Russians

 5.表面是单数,但实际是复数。例如: people人们 police 警察

 6.表面是复数,但实际是单数。例如:

maths 数学, physics 物理, news新闻,这三词是不可数名词,为单数。

7.常常以复数形式出现的名词:

glasses眼镜 clothes服装 shoes鞋 socks短袜 trousers裤子 gloves手套若表达这些词的具体数目时,要借助数量词 pair(对,双); 如 a pair of glasses 【练习】

1.写出下列各词的复数形式

二、选择填空

( )1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful.

A. are photoes

B. are photos

C. is a photo

D. is photos

( )2. This kind of vegetable very healthy for you.

A. is B .are C .were D .has

( )3. There are four and two in the group.

A. Japanese, American B Japaneses, American C. Japanese, Americans

( )4. That’s art book. A. an B. a C. the

( )5. The boys have already.

A. two bread

B. two breads

C. two pieces of bread

D. two piece of bread ( )6. The old man wants .

A. six boxes of apples

B. six boxes of apple

C. six box of apples

( )7. There some in the river.

A. is ,fish

B. are, fishs

C. is, fishs

D. are ,fish

( )8. There two in the box.

A. is ,watch

B. are, watches

C. are, watch

D. is, watches

( )9. We should clean twice a day.

A .our tooth B. our tooths C. our teeth

( )10.The _____ meeting room(会议室) is near the reading room(阅览室).

A. teacher

B. teacher’s

C. teachers’

D. teachers

情况构成方法读音例词

清辅音后读/s/map-maps 一般情况加–s

浊辅音和元音后读/z/bag-bags/ car-cars

以s, x,ch, sh,等

结尾

加-es读/iz/bus-buses /watch-watches 以ce, se, ze,等结

加-s读/iz/License - licenses

以辅音字母+y结尾变y 为i再加es读/z/baby---babies

t 【知识讲解】不可数名词1.不可数名词特点:

⑴不可数名词没有复数形式,也不能与a, an 及数词连用,常作单数看待。例: water There’s some water in the bottle.

food My favorite food is noodles.

⑵要表示不可数名词的数量,通常借助于a bottle of, a glass of 等容器类短语连用。如果表示复数,只需要把量词改为复数就行。

例:a bottle of pop 一瓶汽水 , two glasses of orange juice 两杯桔子汁,

three cups of tea 三杯茶 , a piece of paper 一张纸

⑶有些物质名词有时可数,有时不可数,要根据上下文决定,其意义也有所不同。 A glass is made of glass.玻璃杯是玻璃制成的。(玻璃杯可数,玻璃不可数。) I bought a melon yesterday. I want to eat some melon.2.常见的不可数名词:

气体,液体,肉类,学科类,疾病类,时间,金钱,这些词作主语时,谓语用单数。如: Three hundred dollars is not a small money. Two months is a long time.

3.有些名词由于有多种意思,所以既可以做可数名词,又可以做不可数名词,如:

【知识讲解】名词所有格

1.意义:名词的所有格是用来表示物品归谁所有,即名词的所属关系的形式。

2.分类:名词的所有格有's 类、 of 类和双重所有格三种形式。一、“’s”类名词所有格:表示有生命的名词的所有格

1.构成:通常在名词的后面加's 来构成;若名词本身就是以s 结尾的,则只加“'”。例如: Tom’s book , Lucy’s mother , Jim’s teacher

2. 共同所有:两人或多人共有一样东西时,只需在最后一个人的名字后面加's

各自所有:两人或多人各有一样东西时,则需要在每个名字后面加's 。 例如:This is Susan and my little sister's room.(表示两人共同所有的房间)They are John's and Nick's fathers. (表示两人各自的父亲)

二、of 类名词所有格:表示无生命的名词所有格

1. 表示无生命事物的名词用“名词+of+名词”的结构表示所有关系。

the legs of the desk 桌子腿 a map of China 一张中国地图2. 有时's 结构可以转换成of 结构,表示强调

my cousin's desk = the desk of my cousin 那个男孩的玩具

【练习】1.用所给词的适当形式填空

1.There are so many____________ (wolf ,狼)in the forest (森林).

2. There are three ____________ (chair) in the classroom.

3. These ____________ (tomato) are all red.

4. ____________ (hero,英雄) are great.

5.My brother looks after two ____________(baby ,小孩) 6.There are some ____________ (deer ,鹿) eating the grass. 7.My father likes to eat ____________ (potato ,土豆).

8.Chinese ____________ (people) like to eat noodles (面条). 9.I have a lot of____________ (toy ,玩具) in my bedroom.

10.I help my mother wash ____________ (dish ,盘子) in the kitchen. 11.I have two_______________(pencil-box).

12.There are some ______________(bus)in the street.13.Peter has eight ____________(foot). 14.Linda has three ______________(tooth).

15.There are some ______________(child) in the garden. 16.Michael likes the _____________(mouse,老鼠). 17.There are some ____________ (fish)in the river. 18.My uncle and father are____________ (man). 19.Tom and King are ____________ (boy). 20.Linda has three ____________ (tooth).

三、选出正确形式

1. I can see three ________ in the zoo. A monkeys B monkeys C monkey

2.The pig has four ______. A. foot B. feet C. foots

3. My two brothers are both ______. A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen

4.There are four ___________ in the class. A. Japanese B. Japaneses C. Japan

5. I can see ten _____ in the picture. A. sheep B. dog C. pig

6.The _____ has three______. A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches

7. Can you see _______on the plate? A. bread B. breads C. breades

8.The girl often brushes her_____ before she goes to bed. A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth

9. Mr Black often drink some _________. A. milk B. milks C. milkes

10.There are some _____ on the floor. A. child B. water C. books

11. _______ will learn English. A. Woman B. Women C. Man

12.Lucy will show us some new ____ of hers. A. photo B. photos C. photos

13. I drank two ______ A. bottles of orange B. bottle of orange C. bottles of oranges

14.The cat eats two ______ last night. A. mouses B. mice C. mouse

15.I need a pen and some _____. A. books B. desk C. chair

初中英语名词专练

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