国际植物保护公约文本(IPPC)

国际植物保护公约文本(IPPC)
国际植物保护公约文本(IPPC)

(New Revised Text approved by the FAO Conference

at its 29th Session - November 1997)

PREAMBLE

The contracting parties,

-recognizing the necessity for international cooperation in controlling pests of plants and plant products and in preventing their international spread, and especially their introduction into endangered areas;

-recognizing that phytosanitary measures should be technically justified, transparent and should not be applied in such a way as to constitute either a means of arbitrary or unjustified discrimination or a disguised restriction, particularly on international trade; -desiring to ensure close coordination of measures directed to these ends;

-desiring to provide a framework for the development and application of harmonized phytosanitary measures and the elaboration of international standards to that effect;

-taking into account internationally approved principles governing the protection of plant, human and animal health, and the environment; and

-noting the agreements concluded as a result of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations, including the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures;

have agreed as follows:

ARTICLE I

Purpose and responsibility

1.With the purpose of securing common and effective action to prevent the spread and introduction of pests of plants and plant products, and to promote appropriate measures for their control, the contracting parties undertake to adopt the legislative, technical and administrative measures specified in this Convention and in supplementary agreements pursuant to Article XVI.

2.Each contracting party shall assume responsibility, without prejudice to obligations assumed under other international agreements, for the fulfilment within its territories of all requirements under this Convention.

3.The division of responsibilities for the fulfilment of the requirements of this Convention between member organizations of FAO and their member states that are contracting parties

shall be in accordance with their respective competencies.

4.Where appropriate, the provisions of this Convention may be deemed by contracting parties to extend, in addition to plants and plant products, to storage places, packaging, conveyances, containers, soil and any other organism, object or material capable of harbouring or spreading plant pests, particularly where international transportation is involved.

ARTICLE II

Use of terms

1.For the purpose of this Convention, the following terms shall have the meanings hereunder assigned to them:

“Area of low pest prevalence” - an area, whether all of a country, part of a country, or all or parts of several countries, as identified by the competent authorities, in which a specific pest occurs at low levels and which is subject to effective surveillance, control or eradication measures;

“Commission” - the Commission on Phytosanitary Measures established under Article XI;“Endangered area” - an area where ecological factors favour the establishment of a pest whose presence in the area will result in economically important loss;

“Establishment” - perpetuation, for the foreseeable future, of a pest within an area after entry;“Harmonized phytosanitary measures” - phytosanitary measures established by contracting parties based on international standards;

“International standards” - international standards established in accordance with Article X, paragraphs 1 and 2;

“Introduction” - the entry of a pest resulting in its establishment;

“Pest” - any species, strain or biotype of plant, animal or pathogenic agent injurious to plants or plant products;

“Pest risk analysis” - the process of evaluating biological or other scientific and economic evidence to determine whether a pest should be regulated and the strength of any phytosanitary measures to be taken against it;

“Phytosanitary measure” - any legislation, regulation or official procedure having the purpose to prevent the introduction and/or spread of pests;

“Plant products” - unmanufactured material of plant origin (including grain) and those manufactured products that, by their nature or that of their processing, may create a risk for the introduction and spread of pests;

“Plants” - living plants and parts thereof, including seeds and germplasm;

“Quarantine pest” - a pest of potential economic importance to the area endangered thereby and not yet present there, or present but not widely distributed and being officially controlled;“Regional standards” - standards established by a regional plant protection organization for the guidance of the members of that organization;

“Regulated article” - any plant, plant product, storage place, packaging, conveyance, container, soil and any other organism, object or material capable of harbouring or spreading pests, deemed to require phytosanitary measures, particularly where international transportation is involved;

“Regulated non-quarantine pest” - a non-quarantine pest whose presence in plants for planting affects the intended use of those plants with an economically unacceptable impact and which is therefore regulated within the territory of the importing contracting party;

“Regulated pest” - a quarantine pest or a regulated non-quarantine pest;

“Secretary” - Secretary of the Commission appointed pursuant to Article XII;“Technically justified” - justified on the basis of conclusions reached by using an appropriate pest risk analysis or, where applicable, another comparable examination and evaluation of available scientific information.

2.The definitions set forth in this Article, being limited to the application of this Convention, shall not be deemed to affect definitions established under domestic laws or regulations of contracting parties.

ARTICLE III

Relationship with other international agreements

Nothing in this Convention shall affect the rights and obligations of the contracting parties under relevant international agreements.

ARTICLE IV

General provisions relating to the organizational

arrangements for national plant protection

1.Each contracting party shall make provision, to the best of its ability, for an official national plant protection organization with the main responsibilities set out in this Article.

2.The responsibilities of an official national plant protection organization shall include the following:

a)the issuance of certificates relating to the phytosanitary regulations of the

importing contracting party for consignments of plants, plant products and other

regulated articles;

b)the surveillance of growing plants, including both areas under cultivation (inter

alia fields, plantations, nurseries, gardens, greenhouses and laboratories) and

wild flora, and of plants and plant products in storage or in transportation,

particularly with the object of reporting the occurrence, outbreak and spread of

pests, and of controlling those pests, including the reporting referred to under

Article VIII paragraph 1(a);

c)the inspection of consignments of plants and plant products moving in

international traffic and, where appropriate, the inspection of other regulated

articles, particularly with the object of preventing the introduction and/or spread

of pests;

d)the disinfestation or disinfection of consignments of plants, plant products and

other regulated articles moving in international traffic, to meet phytosanitary

requirements;

e)the protection of endangered areas and the designation, maintenance and

surveillance of pest free areas and areas of low pest prevalence;

f)the conduct of pest risk analyses;

g)to ensure through appropriate procedures that the phytosanitary security of

consignments after certification regarding composition, substitution and

reinfestation is maintained prior to export; and

h)training and development of staff.

3.Each contracting party shall make provision, to the best of its ability, for the following:

a)the distribution of information within the territory of the contracting party

regarding regulated pests and the means of their prevention and control;

b)research and investigation in the field of plant protection;

c)the issuance of phytosanitary regulations; and

d)the performance of such other functions as may be required for the

implementation of this Convention.

4.Each contracting party shall submit a description of its official national plant protection organization and of changes in such organization to the Secretary. A contracting party shall provide a description of its organizational arrangements for plant protection to another contracting party, upon request.

ARTICLE V

Phytosanitary certification

1.Each contracting party shall make arrangements for phytosanitary certification, with the objective of ensuring that exported plants, plant products and other regulated articles and consignments thereof are in conformity with the certifying statement to be made pursuant to paragraph 2(b) of this Article.

2.Each contracting party shall make arrangements for the issuance of phytosanitary certificates in conformity with the following provisions:

a)Inspection and other related activities leading to issuance of phytosanitary

certificates shall be carried out only by or under the authority of the official

national plant protection organization. The issuance of phytosanitary certificates

shall be carried out by public officers who are technically qualified and duly

authorized by the official national plant protection organization to act on its

behalf and under its control with such knowledge and information available to

those officers that the authorities of importing contracting parties may accept the

phytosanitary certificates with confidence as dependable documents.

b)Phytosanitary certificates, or their electronic equivalent where accepted by the

importing contracting party concerned, shall be as worded in the models set out

in the Annex to this Convention. These certificates should be completed and

issued taking into account relevant international standards.

c)Uncertified alterations or erasures shall invalidate the certificates.

3.Each contracting party undertakes not to require consignments of plants or plant products or other regulated articles imported into its territories to be accompanied by phytosanitary certificates inconsistent with the models set out in the Annex to this Convention. Any requirements for additional declarations shall be limited to those technically justified.

ARTICLE VI

Regulated pests

1.Contracting parties may require phytosanitary measures for quarantine pests and regulated non-quarantine pests, provided that such measures are:

a)no more stringent than measures applied to the same pests, if present within the

territory of the importing contracting party; and

b)limited to what is necessary to protect plant health and/or safeguard the intended

use and can be technically justified by the contracting party concerned.

2.Contracting parties shall not require phytosanitary measures for non-regulated pests.

ARTICLE VII

Requirements in relation to imports

1.With the aim of preventing the introduction and/or spread of regulated pests into their territories, contracting parties shall have sovereign authority to regulate, in accordance with applicable international agreements, the entry of plants and plant products and other regulated articles and, to this end, may:

a)prescribe and adopt phytosanitary measures concerning the importation of plants,

plant products and other regulated articles, including, for example, inspection,

prohibition on importation, and treatment;

b)refuse entry or detain, or require treatment, destruction or removal from the

territory of the contracting party, of plants, plant products and other regulated

articles or consignments thereof that do not comply with the phytosanitary

measures prescribed or adopted under subparagraph (a);

c)prohibit or restrict the movement of regulated pests into their territories;

d)prohibit or restrict the movement of biological control agents and other

organisms of phytosanitary concern claimed to be beneficial into their territories.

2.In order to minimize interference with international trade, each contracting party, in exercising its authority under paragraph 1 of this Article, undertakes to act in conformity with the following:

a)Contracting parties shall not, under their phytosanitary legislation, take any of

the measures specified in paragraph 1 of this Article unless such measures are made necessary by phytosanitary considerations and are technically justified.

b)Contracting parties shall, immediately upon their adoption, publish and transmit

phytosanitary requirements, restrictions and prohibitions to any contracting party or parties that they believe may be directly affected by such measures.

c)Contracting parties shall, on request, make available to any contracting party the

rationale for phytosanitary requirements, restrictions and prohibitions.

d)If a contracting party requires consignments of particular plants or plant products

to be imported only through specified points of entry, such points shall be so selected as not to unnecessarily impede international trade. The contracting party shall publish a list of such points of entry and communicate it to the Secretary, any regional plant protection organization of which the contracting party is a member, all contracting parties which the contracting party believes to be directly affected, and other contracting parties upon request. Such restrictions on points of entry shall not be made unless the plants, plant products or other regulated articles concerned are required to be accompanied by phytosanitary certificates or to be submitted to inspection or treatment.

e)Any inspection or other phytosanitary procedure required by the plant protection

organization of a contracting party for a consignment of plants, plant products or other regulated articles offered for importation, shall take place as promptly as possible with due regard to their perishability.

f)Importing contracting parties shall, as soon as possible, inform the exporting

contracting party concerned or, where appropriate, the re-exporting contracting party concerned, of significant instances of non-compliance with phytosanitary certification. The exporting contracting party or, where appropriate, the re-exporting contracting party concerned, should investigate and, on request, report the result of its investigation to the importing contracting party concerned.

g)Contracting parties shall institute only phytosanitary measures that are technically

justified, consistent with the pest risk involved and represent the least restrictive measures available, and result in the minimum impediment to the international movement of people, commodities and conveyances.

h)Contracting parties shall, as conditions change, and as new facts become

available, ensure that phytosanitary measures are promptly modified or removed if found to be unnecessary.

i)Contracting parties shall, to the best of their ability, establish and update lists of

regulated pests, using scientific names, and make such lists available to the Secretary, to regional plant protection organizations of which they are members and, on request, to other contracting parties.

j)Contracting parties shall, to the best of their ability, conduct surveillance for pests and develop and maintain adequate information on pest status in order to support categorization of pests, and for the development of appropriate phytosanitary measures. This information shall be made available to contracting parties, on request.

3. A contracting party may apply measures specified in this Article to pests which may not be capable of establishment in its territories but, if they gained entry, cause economic damage. Measures taken against these pests must be technically justified.

4.Contracting parties may apply measures specified in this Article to consignments in transit through their territories only where such measures are technically justified and necessary to prevent the introduction and/or spread of pests.

5.Nothing in this Article shall prevent importing contracting parties from making special provision, subject to adequate safeguards, for the importation, for the purpose of scientific research, education, or other specific use, of plants and plant products and other regulated articles, and of plant pests.

6.Nothing in this Article shall prevent any contracting party from taking appropriate emergency action on the detection of a pest posing a potential threat to its territories or the report of such a detection. Any such action shall be evaluated as soon as possible to ensure that its continuance is justified. The action taken shall be immediately reported to contracting parties concerned, the Secretary, and any regional plant protection organization of which the contracting party is a member.

ARTICLE VIII

International cooperation

1.The contracting parties shall cooperate with one another to the fullest practicable extent in achieving the aims of this Convention, and shall in particular:

a)cooperate in the exchange of information on plant pests, particularly the

reporting of the occurrence, outbreak or spread of pests that may be of

immediate or potential danger, in accordance with such procedures as may be

established by the Commission;

b)participate, in so far as is practicable, in any special campaigns for combatting

pests that may seriously threaten crop production and need international action

to meet the emergencies; and

c)cooperate, to the extent practicable, in providing technical and biological

information necessary for pest risk analysis.

2.Each contracting party shall designate a contact point for the exchange of information

connected with the implementation of this Convention.

ARTICLE IX

Regional plant protection organizations

1.The contracting parties undertake to cooperate with one another in establishing regional plant protection organizations in appropriate areas.

2.The regional plant protection organizations shall function as the coordinating bodies in the areas covered, shall participate in various activities to achieve the objectives of this Convention and, where appropriate, shall gather and disseminate information.

3.The regional plant protection organizations shall cooperate with the Secretary in achieving the objectives of the Convention and, where appropriate, cooperate with the Secretary and the Commission in developing international standards.

4.The Secretary will convene regular Technical Consultations of representatives of regional plant protection organizations to:

a)promote the development and use of relevant international standards for

phytosanitary measures; and

b)encourage inter-regional cooperation in promoting harmonized phytosanitary

measures for controlling pests and in preventing their spread and/or introduction.

ARTICLE X

Standards

1.The contracting parties agree to cooperate in the development of international standards in accordance with the procedures adopted by the Commission.

2.International standards shall be adopted by the Commission.

3.Regional standards should be consistent with the principles of this Convention; such standards may be deposited with the Commission for consideration as candidates for international standards for phytosanitary measures if more broadly applicable.

4.Contracting parties should take into account, as appropriate, international standards when undertaking activities related to this Convention.

ARTICLE XI

Commission on Phytosanitary Measures

1.Contracting parties agree to establish the Commission on Phytosanitary Measures within the framework of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).

2.The functions of the Commission shall be to promote the full implementation of the objectives of the Convention and, in particular, to:

a)review the state of plant protection in the world and the need for action to

control the international spread of pests and their introduction into endangered

areas;

b)establish and keep under review the necessary institutional arrangements and

procedures for the development and adoption of international standards, and to

adopt international standards;

c)establish rules and procedures for the resolution of disputes in accordance with

Article XIII;

d)establish such subsidiary bodies of the Commission as may be necessary for the

proper implementation of its functions;

e)adopt guidelines regarding the recognition of regional plant protection

organizations;

f)establish cooperation with other relevant international organizations on matters

covered by this Convention;

g)adopt such recommendations for the implementation of the Convention as

necessary; and

h)perform such other functions as may be necessary to the fulfilment of the

objectives of this Convention.

3.Membership in the Commission shall be open to all contracting parties.

4.Each contracting party may be represented at sessions of the Commission by a single delegate who may be accompanied by an alternate, and by experts and advisers. Alternates, experts and advisers may take part in the proceedings of the Commission but may not vote, except in the case of an alternate who is duly authorized to substitute for the delegate.

5.The contracting parties shall make every effort to reach agreement on all matters by consensus. If all efforts to reach consensus have been exhausted and no agreement is reached, the decision shall, as a last resort, be taken by a two-thirds majority of the contracting parties present and voting.

6. A member organization of FAO that is a contracting party and the member states of that member organization that are contracting parties shall exercise their membership rights and fulfil their membership obligations in accordance, mutatis mutandis, with the Constitution and General Rules of FAO.

7.The Commission may adopt and amend, as required, its own Rules of Procedure, which shall not be inconsistent with this Convention or with the Constitution of FAO.

8.The Chairperson of the Commission shall convene an annual regular session of the Commission.

9.Special sessions of the Commission shall be convened by the Chairperson of the Commission at the request of at least one-third of its members.

10.The Commission shall elect its Chairperson and no more than two Vice-Chairpersons, each of whom shall serve for a term of two years.

ARTICLE XII

Secretariat

1.The Secretary of the Commission shall be appointed by the Director-General of FAO.

2.The Secretary shall be assisted by such secretariat staff as may be required.

3.The Secretary shall be responsible for implementing the policies and activities of the Commission and carrying out such other functions as may be assigned to the Secretary by this Convention and shall report thereon to the Commission.

4.The Secretary shall disseminate:

a)international standards to all contracting parties within sixty days of adoption;

b)to all contracting parties, lists of points of entry under Article VII paragraph

2(d) communicated by contracting parties;

c)lists of regulated pests whose entry is prohibited or referred to in Article VII

paragraph 2(i) to all contracting parties and regional plant protection

organizations;

d)information received from contracting parties on phytosanitary requirements,

restrictions and prohibitions referred to in Article VII paragraph 2(b), and

descriptions of official national plant protection organizations referred to in

Article IV paragraph 4.

5.The Secretary shall provide translations in the official languages of FAO of documentation for meetings of the Commission and international standards.

6.The Secretary shall cooperate with regional plant protection organizations in achieving the aims of the Convention.

ARTICLE XIII

Settlement of disputes

1.If there is any dispute regarding the interpretation or application of this Convention, or if a contracting party considers that any action by another contracting party is in conflict with the obligations of the latter under Articles V and VII of this Convention, especially regarding the basis of prohibiting or restricting the imports of plants, plant products or other regulated articles coming from its territories, the contracting parties concerned shall consult among themselves as soon as possible with a view to resolving the dispute.

2.If the dispute cannot be resolved by the means referred to in paragraph 1, the contracting party or parties concerned may request the Director-General of FAO to appoint a committee of experts to consider the question in dispute, in accordance with rules and procedures that may be established by the Commission.

3.This Committee shall include representatives designated by each contracting party concerned. The Committee shall consider the question in dispute, taking into account all documents and other forms of evidence submitted by the contracting parties concerned. The Committee shall prepare a report on the technical aspects of the dispute for the purpose of seeking its resolution. The preparation of the report and its approval shall be according to rules and procedures established by the Commission, and it shall be transmitted by the Director-General to the contracting parties concerned. The report may also be submitted,

upon its request, to the competent body of the international organization responsible for resolving trade disputes.

4.The contracting parties agree that the recommendations of such a committee, while not binding in character, will become the basis for renewed consideration by the contracting parties concerned of the matter out of which the disagreement arose.

5.The contracting parties concerned shall share the expenses of the experts.

6.The provisions of this Article shall be complementary to and not in derogation of the dispute settlement procedures provided for in other international agreements dealing with trade matters.

ARTICLE XIV

Substitution of prior agreements

This Convention shall terminate and replace, between contracting parties, the International Convention respecting measures to be taken against the Phylloxera vastatrix of 3 November 1881, the additional Convention signed at Berne on 15 April 1889 and the International Convention for the Protection of Plants signed at Rome on 16 April 1929.

ARTICLE XV

Territorial application

1.Any contracting party may at the time of ratification or adherence or at any time thereafter communicate to the Director-General of FAO a declaration that this Convention shall extend to all or any of the territories for the international relations of which it is responsible, and this Convention shall be applicable to all territories specified in the declaration as from the thirtieth day after the receipt of the declaration by the Director-General.

2.Any contracting party which has communicated to the Director-General of FAO a declaration in accordance with paragraph 1 of this Article may at any time communicate a further declaration modifying the scope of any former declaration or terminating the application of the provisions of the present Convention in respect of any territory. Such modification or termination shall take effect as from the thirtieth day after the receipt of the declaration by the Director-General.

3.The Director-General of FAO shall inform all contracting parties of any declaration received under this Article.

ARTICLE XVI

Supplementary agreements

1.The contracting parties may, for the purpose of meeting special problems of plant protection which need particular attention or action, enter into supplementary agreements.

Such agreements may be applicable to specific regions, to specific pests, to specific plants and plant products, to specific methods of international transportation of plants and plant products, or otherwise supplement the provisions of this Convention.

2.Any such supplementary agreements shall come into force for each contracting party concerned after acceptance in accordance with the provisions of the supplementary agreements concerned.

3.Supplementary agreements shall promote the intent of this Convention and shall conform to the principles and provisions of this Convention, as well as to the principles of transparency, non-discrimination and the avoidance of disguised restrictions, particularly on international trade.

ARTICLE XVII

Ratification and adherence

1.This Convention shall be open for signature by all states until 1 May 1952 and shall be ratified at the earliest possible date. The instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Director-General of FAO, who shall give notice of the date of deposit to each of the signatory states.

2.As soon as this Convention has come into force in accordance with Article XXII it shall be open for adherence by non-signatory states and member organizations of FAO. Adherence shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument of adherence with the Director-General of FAO, who shall notify all contracting parties.

3.When a member organization of FAO becomes a contracting party to this Convention, the member organization shall, in accordance with the provisions of Article II paragraph 7 of the FAO Constitution, as appropriate, notify at the time of its adherence such modifications or clarifications to its declaration of competence submitted under Article II paragraph 5 of the FAO Constitution as may be necessary in light of its acceptance of this Convention. Any contracting party to this Convention may, at any time, request a member organization of FAO that is a contracting party to this Convention to provide information as to which, as between the member organization and its member states, is responsible for the implementation of any particular matter covered by this Convention. The member organization shall provide this information within a reasonable time.

ARTICLE XVIII

Non-contracting parties

The contracting parties shall encourage any state or member organization of FAO, not a party to this Convention, to accept this Convention, and shall encourage any non-contracting party to apply phytosanitary measures consistent with the provisions of this Convention and any international standards adopted hereunder.

ARTICLE XIX

Languages

1.The authentic languages of this Convention shall be all official languages of FAO.

2.Nothing in this Convention shall be construed as requiring contracting parties to provide and to publish documents or to provide copies of them other than in the language(s) of the contracting party, except as stated in paragraph 3 below.

3.The following documents shall be in at least one of the official languages of FAO:

a)information provided according to Article IV paragraph 4;

b)cover notes giving bibliographical data on documents transmitted according to

Article VII paragraph 2(b);

c)information provided according to Article VII paragraph 2(b), (d), (i) and (j);

d)notes giving bibliographical data and a short summary of relevant documents on

information provided according to Article VIII paragraph 1(a);

e)requests for information from contact points as well as replies to such requests,

but not including any attached documents;

f)any document made available by contracting parties for meetings of the

Commission.

ARTICLE XX

Technical assistance

The contracting parties agree to promote the provision of technical assistance to contracting parties, especially those that are developing contracting parties, either bilaterally or through the appropriate international organizations, with the objective of facilitating the implementation of this Convention.

ARTICLE XXI

Amendment

1.Any proposal by a contracting party for the amendment of this Convention shall be communicated to the Director-General of FAO.

2.Any proposed amendment of this Convention received by the Director-General of FAO from a contracting party shall be presented to a regular or special session of the Commission for approval and, if the amendment involves important technical changes or imposes additional obligations on the contracting parties, it shall be considered by an advisory committee of specialists convened by FAO prior to the Commission.

3.Notice of any proposed amendment of this Convention, other than amendments to the Annex, shall be transmitted to the contracting parties by the Director-General of FAO not later

than the time when the agenda of the session of the Commission at which the matter is to be considered is dispatched.

4.Any such proposed amendment of this Convention shall require the approval of the Commission and shall come into force as from the thirtieth day after acceptance by two-thirds of the contracting parties. For the purpose of this Article, an instrument deposited by a member organization of FAO shall not be counted as additional to those deposited by member states of such an organization.

5.Amendments involving new obligations for contracting parties, however, shall come into force in respect of each contracting party only on acceptance by it and as from the thirtieth day after such acceptance. The instruments of acceptance of amendments involving new obligations shall be deposited with the Director-General of FAO, who shall inform all contracting parties of the receipt of acceptance and the entry into force of amendments.

6.Proposals for amendments to the model phytosanitary certificates set out in the Annex to this Convention shall be sent to the Secretary and shall be considered for approval by the Commission. Approved amendments to the model phytosanitary certificates set out in the Annex to this Convention shall become effective ninety days after their notification to the contracting parties by the Secretary.

7.For a period of not more than twelve months from an amendment to the model phytosanitary certificates set out in the Annex to this Convention becoming effective, the previous version of the phytosanitary certificates shall also be legally valid for the purpose of this Convention.

ARTICLE XXII

Entry into force

As soon as this Convention has been ratified by three signatory states it shall come into force among them. It shall come into force for each state or member organization of FAO ratifying or adhering thereafter from the date of deposit of its instrument of ratification or adherence.

ARTICLE XXIII

Denunciation

1.Any contracting party may at any time give notice of denunciation of this Convention by notification addressed to the Director-General of FAO. The Director-General shall at once inform all contracting parties.

2.Denunciation shall take effect one year from the date of receipt of the notification by the Director-General of FAO.

ANNEX

Model Phytosanitary Certificate

No. _________ Plant Protection Organization of ______________________________________________ TO: Plant Protection Organization(s) of _________________________________________

I. Description of Consignment

Name and address of exporter: _______________________________________________ Declared name and address of consignee: ______________________________________ Number and description of packages: __________________________________________ Distinguishing marks: ______________________________________________________ Place of origin: ____________________________________________________________ Declared means of conveyance: ______________________________________________ Declared point of entry: _____________________________________________________ Name of produce and quantity declared: ________________________________________ Botanical name of plants: ___________________________________________________ This is to certify that the plants, plant products or other regulated articles described herein have been inspected and/or tested according to appropriate official procedures and are considered to be free from the quarantine pests specified by the importing contracting party and to conform with the current phytosanitary requirements of the importing contracting party, including those for regulated non-quarantine pests.

They are deemed to be practically free from other pests.*

II. Additional Declaration

III. Disinfestation and/or Disinfection Treatment

Date ________ Treatment ___________ Chemical (active ingredient) ________________ Duration and temperature ___________________________________________________ Concentration ____________________________________________________________ Additional information ______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

Place of issue _____________________________________ (Stamp of Organization) Name of authorized officer ___________________________

Date ____________ _______________________________

(Signature)

________________________________________________________________________ No financial liability with respect to this certificate shall attach to ____________ (name of Plant Protection Organization) or to any of its officers or representatives.*

* Optional clause

Model Phytosanitary Certificate for Re-Export

No. _________ Plant Protection Organization

of _____________________________________________ (contracting party of re-export)

TO: Plant Protection Organization(s)

of ____________________________________________ (contracting party(ies) of import)

I. Description of Consignment

Name and address of exporter: _______________________________________________

Declared name and address of consignee: ______________________________________

Number and description of packages: __________________________________________

Distinguishing marks: ______________________________________________________

Place of origin: ____________________________________________________________

Declared means of conveyance: ______________________________________________

Declared point of entry: _____________________________________________________

Name of produce and quantity declared: ________________________________________

Botanical name of plants: ___________________________________________________ This is to certify that the plants, plant products or other regulated articles described above

_____________ were imported into (contracting party of re-export) ___________ from

______________ (contracting party of origin) covered by Phytosanitary Certificate No. ________, *original o certified true copy o of which is attached to this certificate; that they are packed o repacked o in original o*new o containers, that based on the

original phytosanitary certificate o and additional inspection o, they are considered to conform with the current phytosanitary requirements of the importing contracting party, and

that during storage in _______________ (contracting party of re-export), the consignment

has not been subjected to the risk of infestation or infection.

* Insert tick in appropriate o boxes

II. Additional Declaration

III. Disinfestation and/or Disinfection Treatment

Date ________ Treatment __________ Chemical (active ingredient) _________________

Duration and temperature ___________________________________________________

Concentration ____________________________________________________________

Additional information ______________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Place of issue _____________________________________

(Stamp of Organization)Name of authorized officer ___________________________

Date __________________________________________

(Signature)

________________________________________________________________________ No financial liability with respect to this certificate shall attach to ___________ (name of Plant Protection Organization) or to any of its officers or representatives.**

** Optional clause

植物保护技术教案设计

教案2013---2014学年度第二学期(种植)学科 高一年班 任课教师:王云霞 靖宇县那尔轰学校

教师授课表

高一种植学科教学工作计划 2013至2014年第二学期 那尔轰学校王云霞 植物保护技术是在研究植物病虫草害发生发展规律的基础上,对病虫草害进行预测预报,并采取相应对策加以综合治理,本学期的教学工作计划如下: 一、教学目标 1、掌握农业昆虫的基本知识 2、掌握植物病害的基本知识 3、掌握植物病虫害的调查统计及综合防治技术 4、掌握农药应用技术 5、掌握水稻主要病虫害的防治技术 6、掌握麦类主要病虫害的防治技术 7、掌握棉花主要病虫害防治技术 8、掌握油料作物的主要病虫害防治技术 9、掌握杂粮主要病虫害防治技术 10、掌握主要果树病虫害防治技术 11、掌握蔬菜主要病虫害防治技术 12、掌握农田杂草的防除技术 13、掌握农田鼠害的发生于防治 教学重难点 1、重点: 掌握农业昆虫的基本知识

掌握植物病害的基本知识 掌握植物病虫害的调查统计及综合防治技术 掌握农药应用技术 掌握水稻主要病虫害的防治技术 掌握麦类主要病虫害的防治技术 掌握棉花主要病虫害防治技术 2、难点 掌握油料作物的主要病虫害防治技术 掌握杂粮主要病虫害防治技术 掌握主要果树病虫害防治技术 掌握蔬菜主要病虫害防治技术 掌握农田杂草的防除技术 掌握农田鼠害的发生于防治 二、教学资源分析 本书共有十三章容,第一章农业昆虫的基本知识,要求掌握昆虫的外部形态;掌握昆虫的繁殖、发育习性;掌握昆虫与环境条件的关系;掌握农业昆虫的主要目、科识别。第二章植物病害的基本知识,要求掌握植物病害概述;掌握植物病害主要病原物的识别;掌握植物侵染性病害的发生发展。第三章植物病虫害的调查统计及综合防治技术,要求掌握植物病虫害的调查统计及预测预报;掌握植物病虫害综合防治技术。第四章农药应用技术,要求掌握农药的基本知识,掌握农药的使用方法;掌握农药的合理安排使用技术;掌握农药的田间药效试验技术。第五章水稻主要病虫害的防治技术,要求掌握水稻害虫;掌握水稻病害。第六章麦类主要病虫害

实施卫生与植物卫生措施协定(SPS协定)

实施动植物检疫措施协定(SPS协定) 各成员: 重申不应阻止各成员为保护人类、动物或植物的生命或健康而采用或实施必须的措施,只要这些措施的实施方式,不得在情形相同的成员之间构成任意或不合理歧视,或对国际贸易构成变相的限制; 期望改善各成员的人类健康、动物健康和植物卫生状况; 注意到动植物检疫措施通常以双边协议或议定书为基础实施; 期望建立规则和纪律的多边框架,以指导动植物检疫措施的制定、采用和实施,从而使其对贸易的消极作用降到最小; 认识到国际标准、指南和建议可以在该领域做出重大贡献; 期望进一步推动各成员使用以有关国际组织制定的国际标准、指南和建议为基础的动植物检疫措施,这些国际组织包括食品法典委员会、国际兽疫局,以及在《国际植物保护公约》框架下运行的有关国际和区域组织,但不要求各成员改变其对人类、动物或植物的生命或健康的水平的适当保护; 认识到发展中国家成员在遵守进口成员的动植物检疫措施方面可能遇到特殊的困难,进而在市场准入以及在其制定和实施国内动植物检疫措施方面也会遇到特殊困难,期望在这方面给予全心全意的帮助; 因此期望对如何实施1994年关贸总协定中与动植物检疫有关的条款,特别是第二十条(b)款①的实施制定具体协定如下: 第一条总则 1.本协定适用于所有可能直接或间接影响国际贸易的动植物检疫措施。这类措 施应按照本协定的规定制定和实施。 2.为本协定之目的,附件1中规定的定义都适用。 3.各附件是本协定的不可分割组成部分。 4.对不在本协定范围的措施,本协定不应影响各成员在技术性贸易壁垒协议项 下所享有的权利。

第二条基本权利和义务 1.各成员有权采取为保护人类、动物或植物的生命或健康所必需的动植物检疫 措施,但这类措施不应与本协定的规定相抵触。 2.各成员应确保任何动植物检疫措施的实施不超过为保护人类、动物或植物的 生命或健康所必需的限度,并以科学原理为依据,如无充分的科学证据则不再维持,但第五条第7款规定的情况除外。 3.各成员应确保其动植物检疫措施不在情形相同或相似的成员之间,包括在成 员自己境内和其他成员的境内之间构成任意或不合理的歧视。动植物检疫措施的实施方式不应对国际贸易构成变相限制。 4.符合本协定有关条款规定的动植物检疫措施,应被认为符合各成员根据1994 关贸总协定有关采用动植物检疫措施的义务,特别是第二十条(b)款的规定。 第三条协调一致 1.为在尽可能广泛的基础上协调动植物检疫措施;各成员的动植物检疫措施应 以国际标准、指南或建议为依据,除非本协定、特别是第3款中另有规定。 2.符合国际标准、指南或建议的动植物检疫措施应被视为是保护人类、动物或 植物的生命或健康所必需的措施并被认为本协定和1994关贸总协定有关条款的规定。 3.各成员可以实施或维持比以有关国际标准、指南或建议为依据的措施所提供 的保护水平更高的动植物检疫措施,但要由科学依据,或一成员根据第五条第1款至第8款中有关规定,认为该措施所提供的保护水平是合适的。除上述外,若某措施所产生的动植物卫生保护水平不同于以国际标准、指南或建议为依据制定的是所提供的保护水平,则一概不得与本协定中任何其他条款的规定相抵触。 4.各成员应尽其所能全面参与有关国际组织及其附属机构,特别是食品法典委 员会,国际兽疫局,以及在《国际植物保护公约》范围内运行的有关国际和区域组织,以促进在这些组织中制定和定期审议有关动植物检疫措施各个方面的标准、指南和建议的制定和定期审议。

野生植物资源学

一:名词解释 1. 引种驯化:通过人工栽培、自然选择和人工选择,使野生植物、外地或外国的植物适应本地自然环境和栽培条件,成为能满足生产需要的本地植物。 2. 仿生栽培:指利用野生植物的原始生境条件,通过优生抚育、人工播种、营养繁殖、剔除竞争种等人为措施,扩大其生长面积、种群规模和资源产量的一种半人工栽培技术。 3. 生态环境:指对生物生长、发育、生殖行为和分布有直接或间接影响的环境要素的总和。 4. 自然保护区:指在不同的环境区域内划出一定范围,将自然资源和自然历史遗产保护起来的场所。包括陆地、水域和海岸。就地保护:指在其自然原生地通过建立自然保护区进行保护的措施。 5. 野生植物资源: 是指在一定的时间、空间、一定人文背景和经济技术条件下,对人类直接或间接有用的野生植物,是在众多的植物中,经人类长期的生产、生存实践活动,而认识的具有各种特殊使用价值的野生植物。 6. 生态适应:植物在长期适应环境的过程中,形成了自己生长发育的内在规律,并以其自身的变异适应外界条件的变化,成为生态适应。 7. 药用植物资源:是指含有药用成分,具有原料用途,可以作为植物性药物开发的一群植物。药用植物资源还包括人工栽培和利用生物技术繁殖的个体及产生药物活性的物质。 8. 踏查:是对调查地区或区域进行全面概括了解的过程。 9.果树植物资源:指一些能够提供鲜食、干果和作为饮料加工原料的经济植物 10.油脂植物:含油器官的含油量达10%的植物 11.系统研究法:是建立在植物区系和植物地理学研究的基础上,应用植物化学研究的科学积累和技术手段,采用植物分类,分布和植物化学等学科结合的一种开发新植物资源的方法。 12.生物多样性:就是指生命有机体及其赖以生存的生态综合体的多样化和变异性。包括所有的植物、动物和微生物等各种生命形式,以及各种生命形式之间及其与环境之间多种相互作用的生态过程和所形成的各种生态体。 13.引种与驯化:通过人工栽培,自然选择和人工选择,使野生植物、外来(外地或外国)的植物能适应本地的自然环境和栽种条件,成为生产需要的本地植物。 14.野生抚育:根据资源植物生长特性及对生态环境的要求,在其生态或相类似的生境中,人为或自然增加种群数量,使其资源量达到能为人们采集利用,并能继续保持群落生态的平衡的一种资源植物仿生态的生产方式。 二:填空题 1. 在一下植物(银杉、银杏、三尖杉、人参、红豆杉、水杉、金钱松)中属于国家一级保护植物的有银杉、人参、水杉。 2. 地下器官的更新调查需要: 3. 1983 年在中国植物学会 50 周年年会上,吴征镒将植物资源分为5类,分别是:食用植物资源、工业用植物资源、药用植物资源、防护及观赏植物资源、植物种质资源。 4. 野生植物资源的调查的基本方法:现场调查、路线调查,样调查。 5. 芳香油提取的三种方法: 6. 植物资源开发利用的层次按采用的主要方式分为针对发展原料的一级开发、针对发展产品的二级开发、针对发展新资源的三级开发。 7. 自然保护区功能区域可划分为:缓冲区、实验区、旅游区。 8.特种油脂的内涵:a不饱和脂肪酸的结构特殊,b用途特殊,c产地独特,d价值高 9.特种油脂的种类:高亚油酸,高亚麻油酸,高ve油酸,二十五碳五烯酸(EPA),二十二碳六烯酸. 1东北三宝是:人参、鹿茸、乌拉草 2植物资源的特点有可再生性、易受威胁性、成分相似性、利用的时间性、用途的多样性_ 可栽培性、分布的地域性、价值的潜在性。 3在植物资源开发利用中,_中华猕猴桃_被誉为维生素C之王,且现已被驯化。 4野生抚育的基本方法有:禁封、人工管理、人工补种、仿生栽培。 5写出一种我国特有的有着“活化石”之称的植物:银杏、水杉、攀枝花苏铁、银杉等

国家重点保护野生植物名录

国家重点保护野生植物名录 颁布单位:国家林业局农业部 颁布日期:1999-8-4 执行日期:1999-9-9 国务院1999年8月4日批准国家林业局农业部令第4号1999年9月9日------------------------------- --- 中名学名保护级别 ------------------------------- --- 蕨类植物Preridophytes 观音座莲科Angiopteridaceae 法斗观音座莲Angiopterissparsisora2 二回原始观音座莲Archangiopterisbipinnata 2 亨利原始观音座莲Archangiopterishenryi 2 铁角蕨科Aspleniaceae 对开蕨Phyllitisjaponica 2 蹄盖蕨科Athyriaceae 光叶蕨Cystoathyriumchinense1 乌毛蕨科Blechaceae 苏铁蕨Braineainsignis2 天星蕨科Christenseniaceae 天星蕨Christeniaassamica 2 桫椤科(所有种)Cyatheaceaespp 2 蚌壳蕨科(所有种)Diclsoniaceaespp 2 鳞毛蕨科Dryopteridaceae 单叶贯众Cyrtomiumhemionitis 2 玉龙蕨Sorolepidiumglaciale1 七指蕨科Helminthostachyaceae 2 七指蕨Helminthostachyszeylanica 水韭科Isoetaceae *水韭属Isoetesspp1水蕨 科Parkeriaceae *水蕨属(所有种)Ceratopterisspp 鹿角蕨科Platyceriaceae 鹿角蕨Platyceriumwallichii 2 水龙骨科Polypodiaceae 扇蕨Neocheiropterispalmatopedata2 中国蕨科Sinopteridaceae 中国蕨Sinopterisgrevilleoides 2 中名学名保护级别 1级2级 裸子植物Gymnospermae 三尖杉科Cephalotaxaceae 贡山三尖杉Cephalotaxuslanceolata 2

植物保护技术教案教学文案

植物保护技术教案

教案2013---2014学年度第二学期(种植)学科 高一年班 任课教师:王云霞 靖宇县那尔轰学校

教师授课表

高一种植学科教学工作计划 2013至2014年第二学期 那尔轰学校王云霞 植物保护技术是在研究植物病虫草害发生发展规律的基础上,对病虫草害进行预测预报,并采取相应对策加以综合治理,本学期的教学工作计划如下: 一、教学目标 1、掌握农业昆虫的基本知识 2、掌握植物病害的基本知识 3、掌握植物病虫害的调查统计及综合防治技术 4、掌握农药应用技术 5、掌握水稻主要病虫害的防治技术 6、掌握麦类主要病虫害的防治技术 7、掌握棉花主要病虫害防治技术 8、掌握油料作物的主要病虫害防治技术 9、掌握杂粮主要病虫害防治技术 10、掌握主要果树病虫害防治技术 11、掌握蔬菜主要病虫害防治技术 12、掌握农田杂草的防除技术 13、掌握农田鼠害的发生于防治

教学重难点 1、重点: 掌握农业昆虫的基本知识 掌握植物病害的基本知识 掌握植物病虫害的调查统计及综合防治技术 掌握农药应用技术 掌握水稻主要病虫害的防治技术 掌握麦类主要病虫害的防治技术 掌握棉花主要病虫害防治技术 2、难点 掌握油料作物的主要病虫害防治技术 掌握杂粮主要病虫害防治技术 掌握主要果树病虫害防治技术 掌握蔬菜主要病虫害防治技术 掌握农田杂草的防除技术 掌握农田鼠害的发生于防治 二、教学资源分析 本书共有十三章内容,第一章农业昆虫的基本知识,要求掌握昆虫的外部形态;掌握昆虫的繁殖、发育习性;掌握昆虫与环境条件的关系;掌握农业昆虫的主要目、科识别。第二章植物病害的基本知识,要求掌握植物病害概述;掌握植物病害主要病原物的识别;掌握植物侵染性病害的发生发展。第三章植物病虫害的调查统计及综合防治技术,要求掌握植物病虫害的调查统计及预测预报;掌握植物病虫害综合防治技术。第四章农药

国际植物检疫措施标准监测准则-IPPC

NPPO审校于2009年6月 国际植物检疫措施标准 1

国际植物保护公约秘书处1998年,罗马

版权所有,未经版权所有者许可,不得以电 子、机械、复印或其它任何形式和方法将本书任 何部分加以翻印、存入检索系统或传播。申请这 种许可应致函联合国粮农组织新闻司司长,并说 明翻印的目的与范围,地址:意大利罗马Viale delle Terme di Caracalla,00100。 ?粮农组织1998年 3

目录 批准5审查和修正6引言8范围8参考文件8定义和缩写8要求概要8要求10 1 一般性监视10 1.1 来源10 1.2 信息的收集、保存和检索10 1.3 信息的使用10 2 专门调查10 2.1 有害生物调查11 2.2 商品或寄主调查11 2.3 针对性抽样和随机抽样11 3 良好的监督方法11 4 诊断服务的技术要求12 5 记录保存12 6 透明度12

批准 国际植物检疫措施标准由国际植物保护公约秘书处制定,作为联合国粮食及农业组织全球植物检疫政策和技术援助计划的一部分。本计划向粮农组织成员和其它有关各方提供这些标准,准则和建议,以便使植物检疫措施达到国际统一,目的是便于开展贸易,避免利用不合理的措施作为贸易壁垒。 本标准已经1997年11月粮农组织大会第29届会议批准。 联合国粮食及农业组织 总干事 雅克·迪乌夫 5

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峨眉拟单性木兰 藤枣 *莼菜 珙桐 光叶珙桐 云南蓝果树 合柱金莲木 独叶草 异形玉叶金花 掌叶木 *发菜 Ⅱ级 法斗观音座莲 二回原始观音座莲亨利原始观音座莲对开蕨 苏铁蕨 天星蕨 桫椤科(所有种)蚌壳蕨科(所有种)单叶贯众 七指蕨 *水蕨属(所有种)鹿角蕨 扇蕨 中国蕨 贡山三尖杉 蓖子三尖杉 翠柏 红桧 岷江柏木 福建柏 朝鲜崖柏 秦岭冷杉 台湾油杉 海南油杉 柔毛油杉 太白红杉 四川红杉 油麦吊云杉 大果青扦 兴凯赤松 大别山五针松

红松 华南五针松(广东松)毛枝五针松 金钱松 黄杉属(所有种) 白豆杉 榧属(所有种) 台湾杉(秃杉) 芒苞草 梓叶槭 羊角槭 云南金钱槭 *浮叶慈菇 富宁藤 蛇根木 驼峰藤 盐桦 金平桦 天台鹅耳枥 *拟花蔺 七子花 金铁锁 十齿花 永瓣藤 连香树 千果榄仁 *画笔菊 四数木 无翼坡垒(铁凌) 广西青梅 青皮(青梅) 翅果油树 东京桐 华南锥 台湾水青冈 三棱栎 *瓣鲜花 *辐花 秦岭石蝴蝶 酸竹 *沙芦草 *异颖草 *短芒披碱草 *无芒披碱草

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附件2: 《国家重点保护野生植物名录(第二批》(讨论稿

中名重楼属(所有种)木兰科乐昌含笑香籽含笑长蕊含笑黄心夜合乐东拟单性木兰五味子观光木楝科木果楝防己科崖藤古山龙桑科奶桑滇桑川桑长穗桑柳叶菜科南湖柳叶菜兰科兰科(所有种兰属(所有种)杓兰属(所有种)兜兰属(所有种)石斛属(所有种)蝴蝶兰属(所有种)云南火焰兰大花万代兰金佛山兰列当科草苁蓉肉苁蓉管花肉苁蓉棕榈科琼棕矮琼棕学名 Paris spp. Magnoliaceae Michelia chapensis Dandy Michelia hedyosperma Law Michelia longistamina Law Michelia martini (Lévl. Lévl. Parakmeria lotungensis (Chun et C. Tsoong Law Schisandra chinensis (Tuecz. Baill. Tsoongiodendron odorum Chun Meliaceae Xylocarpus granatum Koening Menispermaceae Albertisia laurifolia Yamamoto Arcangelisia gusanlung H. S. Lo Moraceae Morus macroura Miq. Morus mongolica Schneid. var. yunnanensis (Koidz. C. Y. Wu et Z. Y. Cao Morus notabilis Schneid. Morus wittiorum Hand.-Mazz. Onagraceae Epilobium nankotaizanense Yamamoto Orchidaceae Orchidaceae spp. Cymbidium spp. Cypripedium spp. Paphiopedilum spp. Dendrobium spp. Phalaenopsis spp. Renanthera imschootiana Rolfe Vanda coerulea Griff. ex Lindl. Tangtsinia nanchuanica S. C. Chen Orobanchaceae

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IPPC标识 目录 IPPC标识定义 IPPC标识的意义 IPPC标识图解 IPPC标识定义 2002年3月国际植物保护公约(International Plant Protection Convention,简称IPPC)发布了国际植物检疫措施标准第15号出版物《国际贸易中木质包装材料管理准则》(Guidelines for Regulating Wood Packing Material in International Trade),简称第15号国际标准,即为国际木质包装检疫措施标准。IPPC标识用以识别符合IPPC标准的木质包装,表示该目标装已经经过IPPC检疫标准处理。 IPPC标识的意义 木质包装上加盖IPPC标识的目的是确保全球农业安全,并采取有效措施防止有害生物随植物和植物产品传播和扩散,促进有害生物控制措施。国际植物保护公约为区域和国家植物保护组织提供了一个国际合作、协调一致和技术交流的框架和论坛。由于认识到IPPC在植物卫生方面所起的重要作用,WTO/SPS协议规定IPPC为影响贸易的植物卫生国际标准(植物检疫措施国际标准,ISPMs)的制定机构,并在植物卫生领域起着重要的协调一致的作用。 我国从2006年起执行这一国际标准,1月1日至6月30日为过渡期。现在,入境木质包装无ippc标识或ippc标识不符合要求,可能连同货物被责令退运出境。 IPPC标识图解 标识式样如图,至少包括4个方面的信息:

IPPC标识 左侧的图形是国际植物保护公约(IPPC)注册的用于按规定实施除害处理合格的木质包装上的符号; XX是国际标准化组织的2个字母国家编码; 000代表国家植保机构给予木质包装生产企业的独特登记号。 YY代表除害处理方法,如MB表示溴甲烷熏蒸处理,HT表示热处理; 输出国官方植物检疫机构或木质包装生产企业可以根据需要增加其它信息。 标识必须加施于木质包装的显著位置,至少应在相对的两面,标识应清晰易辨、具永久性和不可改变性,避免使用红色或橙色。 出口木制包装需要熏蒸证的国家 在国际贸易中,各国为保护本国的资源,对有的进口商品实行强制的检疫制度。木质包装熏蒸就是为了防止有害病虫危害进口国森林资源所采取的一种强制措施。因此,含有木质包装的出口货物,就必须在出运前对木质包装物进行除害处理,熏蒸是除害处理中的一种方式。 出口有木质包装需要熏蒸的国家: 美国加拿大巴西菲律宾南非 新西兰韩国日本墨西哥土耳其欧盟 智利澳大利亚越南台湾 欧盟25国的具体名单: 法国、德国、意大利、荷兰、比利时、卢森堡、英国、丹麦、爱尔兰、希腊、葡萄牙、西班牙、奥地利、瑞典、芬兰、塞浦路斯、匈牙利、捷克、爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、马耳他、波兰、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚

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