高中定语从句完整讲解自制
定语从句
定语从句（Attributive Clause?在句中做定语，修饰一个或，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即（An tecede nt）。从句通常出现在之后，由关系词（或）引出
1. 定义
从句，就是用来修饰名词或代词的句子，起到定语的作用，所以叫做。被修饰的词叫。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它需要放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。定语从句一般由来引导。关系代词必须放在定语从句之首。
2. 从句结构：包括先行词，关系词和定语。
3. 关系词
（1）关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose,as在定语中作主语，宾语，定语，表语）——在句中作成分，说明后面的句子不完整。
（2）关系副词：when,where,why,在句中作状语）——后面的句子完整。
一.由that,who,whom作关系代词引导的定语从句，先行词指人。
1. Do you know the comerade _________ spoke at the meeting yesterday?两者都修饰前面的
comerade）.
2. This is the man _________ （they say） is a good teacher.这里who 还做了后面they say 的宾
语，有双重身份，所以不能用that.）
3. This is the teacher __________ I met in the street just now.作宾语，所以可以省略）。
4. My cous in, __________ is an engin eer, we nt to America last week.（非限定性定语从句，不
能用that引导。）
5. 先行词是he, they, those, one, ones, anyon只能用who，不能用that.
Anyone ________ breaks the law will be puni shed.
One ________ works hard and without complai n is welcome here.
6. 关系代词指人的先行词（先行词指人）存在于there be结构中用who。
Eg. There is someon ___________ is wait ing for you at school gate.
7. 先行词指人，关系代词在从句中做宾语时可以省略。
Eg. This is the teacher ________ I met in the street just now.
8. 先行词指人，介词后紧随关系代词不能省略关系代词且必须用宾格，（关系代词在此时做
宾语）。
Eg. In the dark street, there washa sin gle pers on to ________ she could turn for help.
In the dark street, there wasrta sin gle person ________ she could tur n to for help.
9. 在非限定性定语从句中，先行词指人，关系代词作宾语，只能用whom,不能用that.
Eg. He is a man with rich experienc _________ we can lear n a lot from.
10. 在who引导的定语从句中（先行词指人），后只能用that引导的宾语从句作主语。
Eg. Who is the boy ____________ is shouti ng in the classroom.
11. 先行词指人，在定语从句中作表语时，用that.
Eg. Li Hong is no Ion ger the girl __________ she was before.
12. 先行词又指人又指物，在定语从句中只用that.
Eg. Watch the woma n and her dog __________ are cross ing the street.
13. 先行词指人，被the only, the very等最高级或序数词修饰时，做宾语用that.
Eg. He was the only person __________ I had in vited.
14. 为了平衡句子结构，有时要省略that或who（或都省略）。
Eg. The man ___________ she likes is the on __________ is both hon est and brave.
二.先行词指物，关系代词that与which的区别。
1. 一般情况可以互换
Eg. The mach ine __________ can fly is pla ne.
2. 介词+关系代词，不能用that，且不能省略which.
Eg. This is the book in _________ s he could much in terest.
This is the book _________ she could much in terest in.
3. 非限定性定语从句中不能用that，且不能省略which.
Eg. I will buy a book, _________ t ells about the use of English idoms.
4. 先行词是that，作宾语时用which,也可省略。
Eg. What was that ___________ you said about him.
5. 先行词是all, everything,anything, nothing,much,little,few 等不定代词时，关系代词用that. Eg. Everythi ng __________ can be done has bee n done.
6. 先行词被all,any,every,much,little,no,only,very修饰时，用that.
Eg. Ask any questio ___________ y ou don 'tu ndersta nd.
7. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，关系代词常用that.
Eg. The first lesson ____________ I lear ned will n ever be forgotte n.
8. 由which引导的特殊疑问句中，含定语从句，先行词指物时，关系代词用that来避免重
复。
Eg. Which of the cows _________ you keep produces more milk?
9. 先行词指物，在定语从句中作表语，只用that.
Eg. Our hometow n is no Ion ger the on __________ it used to be.
10. 先行词指物，且在there be句型中，只用that.
Eg. There is a seat in the con _________ is still free.
11. 如果指的是相同的一个东西(同一个)用that，而不用as,如表示相同，但不是同一个就要用as. Eg. I have found my miss ing book and this is the same one ________ I lost yesterday.
12. 一个句中如果含有两个定语从句，先行词指物，第一个用which，第二个用that,第一个用
that，第二个就要用which。
三.关系代词which和as的区别
1. 都可以用来引导非限定性定语从句，可表示某一物的名词，也可代指整个事物。
2. (1) which可做介词的宾语，而as不可以。
(2.) which引导的非限定性定语从句一般在主语之后，as可前可后可中间，位置灵活。
(3)as引导的非限定性定语从句有较为密切的上下关系。
(4)as本身含有“正如......”之意，一般情况下放在句首。
3. 先行词是某个具体的名词，且所指的名词在非限定性定语从句中又做了主语的时候，只用
which而不用as.
Eg. I like En glish very much, _____________ is a bridge to so much kno wledge.
4. 关系代词指代前面整个内容，并且在非限定性定语从句中作主语或宾语时，用which而不
用aso
Eg. Light travels faster tha n soun ___________ all teachers once told us.
5. 固定结构：as引导的非限定性定语从句用于下列句型(句式)中。
Eg. as is known to us all/ as we all kno w/as we can see/as is said/as is reported/as is expected/as is announ ced/as has happe ned/as we hop可用在句首，句中，句尾；在句中作插入语(正女口 )四.关系代词whose
Whose不单用,表示所属关系，即可指人也可指物，一般情况下可和of which互换，但有时
不能
1. The desk ________ legs Tom broke yesterday has been repaired.
2. 先行词表示整体与部分的关系时（定语从句的主语）,如little, some, most, mainly,few,much
等时不能用whose来连接，只能用of which或of whom来连接。
Eg. Jonn bought me much bread , little of __________ tastes good.
Those foreign teachers, most ____________ h ad never been to China before, are enjoying their work here.
3. 定语从句的主语是同位关系的代词（与先行词是同位关系）如all, none, neither, each, either
的时候用of whom 或of which，不用whose.
Eg.He gave me many books,none ___________ was in teresti ng.
4. 定语从句的主语是数词时，用of whom或of which，不用whose.
Eg.My father has many books,seve n percent ___________ a re writte n in En glish.
五.关系代词as （可用作主语或宾语）
1. 正如：as is...to...
2. The same +n+as...
Eg. I have the same dicti onary as you bought yesterday.
3. such +n+as..像这样.....像那样...
六.关系副词（后面句中完整，做宾语的从句，都考虑用关系副词，具体选择哪一个要根据意思来看）.
1.1 will n ever forget these days _________ I lived with the farmers in the coun terside.
I will n ever forget these days ________ I spe nt with the farmers in the coun tryside.
2. This is the farm ____________ my father used to work.
This is the farm ____________ my father used to visit.
3. This is the reason ____________ h e was late.
This is the reason _____________ he expla ined at the meeti ng.
4. I will never forget the day ________ I joined the Party.
5. ...the way ___________ （定语从句）
6. 先行词是point,scene, case,situation,mar等时，首先考虑关系副词where,再看从句中是否有宾
语，如没有就用that或which。
Eg. I don 'like the way __________ h e spokes to me.