冬奥会和冰雪体育娱乐项目英语词汇
冰雪项目 ice and snow sports
Beijing is planning to list ice and snow sports as a compulsory course for pr imary and middle school students, announced by municipal authorities at t he 2016 International Winter Sports (Beijing) Exposition on Thursday.
The authority is hoping the students can do at least one type of winter spo rt in the future. 体育局领导表示，未来要让每个孩子掌握至少一项冬季运动技能。
今年以来，冰雪运动项目（ice and snow sports）在受到了空前的关注和扶持。目前市已经有20处室冰场（indoor ice rinks）和20片季节性的室外冰场（outdoor ice rinks），到2022年，全市将新建标准室冰场16座，室外冰场50座。根据市冰雪产业的发展布局，雪场（ski resorts）将主要分布在郊区，城六区将主要新建冰场。学校的课程一般分为必修课（compulsory course）和选修课（optional course）。市计划将冰雪运动列入必修课容意味着未来全体中小学生必须修习一项冰雪运动并且掌握该技能。对于像冰球（hockey）等修习成本较高的冰雪项目，政府将提供资金支持。
滑冰英语词汇
短跑道速度滑冰:Short Track Speed Skating
装备:手套Gloves
头盔Helmet
护颈Neck Protection
连身服Racing Suit
护腿板Shin Protection
冰鞋Boots
冰刀Blades
花样滑冰:单人滑Single Skating
双人滑Pair Skating
冰舞Ice Dance
速度滑冰:Speed Skating
冰上项目5个大项：
速度滑冰Speed skating
【Speed skating】is a competitive form of ice skating in which the competitors race each other in travelling a certain distance on skates. Types of speed skating are long track speed skating, short track speed skating, and marathon speed skating. In the Olympic Games, long-track speed skating is usually referred to as just "speed skating", while
short-track speed skating is known as "short track". The ISU, the governing body of both ice sports, refers to long track as "speed skating" and short track as "short track skating".
短道速滑Short Track
【Short track】speed skating is only about 100 years old and a product of North America. Speed skating, however, dates back to 13th century Holland.
Short track speed skating originated in Canada and the United States in 1905 with the first known competition having taken place in 1909. By
the 1920s and 30s, the sport was gaining popularity in Great Britain, Japan, France, Belgium and Australia.
While short track speed skating became part of the International Skating Union (ISU) in 1967, it wasn't until 1976 that official ISU competitions began.
花样滑冰Figure Skating
【Figure skating】is a sport and activity in which individuals, duos, or groups perform on figure skates on ice. It was the first winter sport included in the Olympics, in 1908. The four Olympic disciplines are men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Non-Olympic disciplines include synchronized skating and four skating. From intermediate through senior-level competition, skaters generally perform two programs (short and long) which, depending on the discipline, may include spins, jumps, moves in the field, lifts, throw jumps, death spirals, and other elements or moves.
冰球Ice Hockey
【Ice hockey】is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points. Ice hockey teams usually consist of four lines of three forwards, three pairs of defensemen, and two goaltenders. Normally, each team has five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.
冰壶Curling
【Curling】is a sport in which players slide stones on a sheet of ice towards a target area which is segmented into four concentric circles. It is related to bowls, boules and shuffleboard. Two teams, each with four players, take turns sliding heavy, polished granite stones, also called rocks, across the ice curling sheet towards the house, a circular target marked on the ice. Each team has eight stones. The purpose is to accumulate the highest score for a game; points are scored for the stones resting closest to the centre of the house at the conclusion of each end, which is completed when both teams have thrown all of their stones. A game usually consists of eight or ten ends.
雪上项目10个大项：
冬季两项Biathlon
越野滑雪Cross Country
高山滑雪Alphine Skiing
北欧两项Nordic Combined
跳台滑雪Ski Jumping
自由式滑雪Freestyle Skiing
单板滑雪Snowboarding
有舵雪橇Bobsled* 无舵雪橇Luge
* 有舵雪橇，也有的翻译成“雪车”
俯式冰橇Skeleton** ** 俯式冰橇，也有的翻译成“钢架雪车”
速降downhill
冬季奥运会体育项目中英文对照