如何讲解英语小故事

如何讲解英语小故事
如何讲解英语小故事

讲解英语小故事需有方法

小学英语教学中,因其学生年龄小,我们更应关注他们心理发展的特点。

在教学中,我们要注意激发学生学习英语的积极性。如果我们一边讲故事一边

教授故事中的词汇和语法,这样就无形中把一个故事的整体性给肢解了。同时,也让枯燥的词汇语法教学抹煞了学生阅读故事的积极性。我们作为老师,一个

教学活动的组织者,应该给与学生充分的预备时间,去观察图画,听听录音。

也就是给学生一个从整体感知故事情节的时间。相信他们能够在已有知识的基

础上通过图画中人物的衣着、语言、动作,甚至是录音中的语气来理解、猜测

故事中的大意。这样做,不但能提高学生的阅读能力,更能培养他们自动探求

新知的精神。只要长期坚持阅读英语小故事,就能激发他们的学习兴趣,积累

其成功的经验,从而使他们更乐于去阅读不同的小故事。

如何讲解英语小故事

一、所提供故事材料的特点

英语小故事教学中所提供的材料通常有以下四个特点:

(一)有几幅按顺序排列的图画或是打乱了顺序排列的,来帮助提供故事的情节,在每幅画中或画下面出示故事中人物之间的对话或内容。

(二)故事的图画中所提供的对话文字内容并不是故事的全部内容,故事的完整语境及其发展的基本线索大多在画面上来呈现。

(三)不用看或不用听故事中的英语语言,单看图画就很富有趣味性并且通过它们就能对故事所发生的情节略知一二。

(四)故事的对话、文字或声音,基本涵盖了本单元的学习要点。

二、基于故事教学的理论基础及其功能

首先大家不妨考虑一个问题:教材将一个小故事安排在单元的开始或是结束,其意图是什么呢?在外语教学中强调输入与输出,通常要先有一定的语言输入,学生才可以进行有效的

输出。其理论就是:词汇、语法、语音等。实践就是听说读写活动。理论必须以实践为基础,孩

子通过看故事,读故事,听故事来进行语言输入,在听讲的过程中呈现了语言知识,这充分体现

了现代外语教学观念。

同时,在呈现的过程中,充分重视学生已有的经验和视觉感受,激发学生的学习兴趣(利用旧知带新知)。传统教学中,教师重语言知识的传授,轻能力和运用,机械的反复操练的学习状态,其结果是事倍功半,教学效率降低。

三、如何把握基于故事的英语教学

首先要解决对语言教与学的观念问题,教师对语言认知过程的看法,课堂所营造的教

学氛围,每个环节教学的侧重点,学生学习的心向,这都取决于教师教与学的观念。那么具体设计教学要求和过程时,我们通常会把握以下四点:

(一)提供语言感受,重输入

教师在教学中必须给学生尽可能多的提供感受语言的机会。可以通过故事画报、制做

卡片、动画片、声音及文字,教师声情并茂的表演和肢体语言等多种输入方式,要求学生运用各种器官来感受故事的情景和内容。学生在这一过程中会接收很多信息并发现问题,如陌生的词汇,进而逐渐形成通过整体接受知识来领会故事概要的能力,培养推断陌生词语的意义及解决问题的能力,逐渐养成认真观察,积极思索等积极的学习态度和学习习惯。

(二)紧扣素材,强调理解

在输入多种信息时,要紧扣故事的素材来强调理解。要有层次性。首先:先引导学生

看故事的插图或标题,要求他们预测故事的大意;其次,让学生看图听录音或观看教师表演,要他们看清故事中的人物及人物关系;然后再让学生边看边分节听故事的录音,来判断故事情节;最后组织学生看整幅图来听故事,并要求他们能回答有关理解性问题。这样分层次的理解活动有助于树立学生的学习成就感和自信心。

(三)导入语言知识,促进理解

故事中一定会有些陌生的、新的词语和句型结构,在恰当层次的理解活动中教师可采

用直接式或间接式、集中方式或分散方式或直接翻译的方法来进行导入。这里要把握一个分寸,那就是有的暂时只要求理解,有的则要求听懂会说。绝不能马上单纯的教授这些新的词语或结构,当然教师可有意识的进行板书,出示卡片来凸显新的知识点,引起学生的注意。

(四)注重模仿表演,强化体验

根据小学生的特点,要注重模仿与表演。而这种模仿绝不是机械式地跟读,要得以理

解才能得以掌握。教师可以尽可能的让学生跟读录音机,或是小组表演故事中的角色,用pair work \group work等合作学习方式进行语言表达的初步体验。创造性的改编并表演,以第三者

的身份来陈述故事的内容,这就属于高层次的语言表达和运用活动。类似活动可以概据班级和学生的情况进行组织练习。

孩子们会在学习故事的同时更加热爱学习英语,热衷对其的模仿与表演,这需要教师的细心观察、培养和正确的教授引导,让孩子可以在声情并茂的复述或表演小故事的过程中去体验语言的实践和运用。

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