大学英语一课后答案1-6单元
第一册，第一单元
Vocabulary
I. 1.1) arguments 2) put ... down 3) sequence 4) rigid 5) tedious
6) hold back 7) reputation 8) distribute 9) off and on 10) vivid
11) associate...with 12)congratulations 13) finally 14) turn in/turn out 15) tackle 2.1) George has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office.
2) There is a possibility that his wish to become a writer will come true.
3) She had a clear image of how she would look in t wenty years’ time.
4) When the officer gave the command the soldiers opened fire.
5) As long as people keep buying bikes we’ll keep turning them out.
3. 1) Mr. Green is very dull as a lecturer. He’s rigid and old fashioned, and doesn’t seem to have the faintest idea of how to inspire. I always get bored with / by his lectures.
2) Alan’s essays are long and tedious to read. What’s more, his arguments are often based on out of date ideas.
3) I was pleasantly surprised at my ability to compose an essay that the professor chose to read to the class. It was without doubt one of the happiest moments in my school career, but I did my best to avoid showing pleasure. When the professor offered me his congratulations, however, I could hardly hold back a smile.
II. Synonyms in Context
1. composed
2. Severe
3. agony
4. Extraordinary
5. recall
6. command
7. was violating 8. Anticipate
III.Collocation
1.at
2.For
3.of
4.With
5.as
6.About
7.to
8.in, in
9.from 10.on/upon Structure
1.1) Russell Baker is reported to live today with his wife in Virginia.
2) They are said to be building another bridge across the river.
3) Only a few students in Mr. Parker’s composition class are said to have really captured the essence of the essay.
4) Those love poems were believed to have been composed by an English poet of the sixteenth century.
2. 1)as you suggested 2)as I told you to 3)exactly as I was
4)as you have described them to me
Comprehensive Exercises
I. Cl oze (A)1. hold back 2.congratulations 3. tedious 4. Scanned 5. recall
6. Vivid
7. arguments
8. off and on
9. turn out/turn in 10. Career
(B)1.that 2.After 3. black 4. kids/children 5.at 6. for/of 7. different 8. So
9 On 10. She 11.answer 12.assignment/book 13.wrong 14.proved
15.Thus 16. Myself
II. Translation
Susan lost her legs because of / in a car accident. For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact that she would never (be able to) walk again.
One day, while scanning (through) books, a true story caught her eye/she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired. Susan made up her mind to read as much as she could, and what’s more, she wanted to write stories about her own childhood. Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be able to lead a useful life.
第一册，第2单元
Vocabulary
I. 1. 1) absolutely 2) available3) every now and then 4) are urging/urged
5) destination 6) know - by heart7) mostly 8) hangs out 9) right away 10) reuni on 11) or something 12) practically 13) went by 14) going ahead 15) keep in touch 2. 1) It seemed that his failure in the examination was still on his mind.
2) He was completely choked up by the sight of his team losing in the final minutes of the game.
3) She was so lost in study that she forgot to have dinner.
4) Something has come up and I am afraid I won't be able to accomplish the project on
II. Collocation
1. to
2. For
3. At
4. From
5. in
6. To
7. on
8. With
III. Usage
1. more or less
2. kind of/sort of
3. Something
4. kind of/sort of
5. more or less
6. or something
Structure
1. 1) may/might as well watch 2) may/might as well pour out
3) may/might as well walk 4) may/might as well buy
2. 1) She looks as if she is worried about it. 2) It smells as if it is fresh.
3) It sounds as if it is Chinese. 4) It feels as if it is made of silk. Comprehensive Exercises
I. Cloze
(A)1. choked up 2. Awful 3. practically 4. Neighborhood 5. correspondence
6. Available
7. destination
8. Reunion
9. Mostly 10. postponing 11. Absolutely
(B)1. how 2. Himself 3. But 4. So 5. To 6. Long 7. reply/answer 8. From
9. asking 10. When 11.touch 12. For 13. pieces 4. Go 15. check 16. Out II. Tr anslation
It is not easy to keep in touch with friends when they are far away. This is certainly true in my case.
第一册，第3单元
Vocabulary
1.1) inquired 2)brief 3) in terms of 4) cut...off
5) tend 6) anyway 7) precise 8) moreover
9) grasped 10)in the form of 11) sufficient 12) initiative
13) convey 14) fit into 15) in two minds
2.1) Winning the match today has ensured their team a place in the Cup Final.
2) Susan was not informed of the reasons why she was dismissed.
3) These computer games entertain as well as educate the learner.
4) No living thing can do without air and water.
5) The election is likely to be held in June.
3.1) The film’s appeal lies in not only the entertainment it provides to the audience but also the questions it raises about the possible contact between human beings and alien civilizations.
2) The decision on the new project is made on the basis of scientific study. The project is likely to succeed despite the fact that we do not have sufficient funds at the moment.
3) True it is hard to make accurate predictions (预言), but the steady growth of the information industry ensures that this line of products will be highly profitable.
II. Prefixation
1. regained
2. Undecided
3. undersupplied
4. Disabled
5. precondition
6. foresight
7. Mispronounced
8. enrich
III. Antonyms
2 1) Majority 2) Accepted 3) increased 4) weaknesses
5) local 6) late 7) wrong 8) false
Structure
1.1) My income is now twice as much as I used to earn two years ago.
2) I am wearing only half as much as I usually do because of the warm weather.
3) If you had spent half as much time on your studies as your elder sister did, you could have made the honor roll.
4) I could eat/could have eaten as much again if the doctor had not told me to go on
a diet.
2.1) As is shown by the growth rate of GDP in the last two decades, China’s reform and open policy is a great success.
2) As is predicted by some newspapers, there will be a substantial cut in tax on
imported cars in the coming year.
3) As is proved by the records, China’s human rights situation has been steadily improving over the years.
4) The failure of the joint venture was not, as was assumed by outsiders, because of lack of capital, but because of poor management.
Comprehensive Exercises
I. Cloze
(A) 1. attitude 2. Highly 3. informed 4. bring... abou 5. rate 6. sufficient
7. put across 8. Proportion 9. Hence 10. Ensure 11. audience
(B) 1. which 2. How 3. Besides 4. that/which 5. discoveries 6. Another
7. through 8. Other 9. an 10. Affect 11. imagine/tell 12. may
13. supply 14. Around 15. make 16. live
II. Translation
It is hard to imagine how our forefathers could do without so many conveniences that modern technology has brought about. Back then only a small proportion of the population enjoyed some comforts. The majority didn’t even have sufficient food, not to speak of/let alone the privilege of being educated. However, many people blame modern technology for the problems it has created. They want to slow down the rate of progress. But no one can put the clock back. The best we can do is to make informed decisions as to the direction in which technology is to develop.
第一册，第四单元
Vocabulary
I. 1.1) wreck 2) balance3) approaching 4) handle5) discard 6) have worked out
7) Above all 8) passed away 9) diet 10) do with 11) confidence 12)
cleaned up
13) property 14) weekly 15) amuse
2.1) Efforts to look for survivors were abandoned after it had been/was determined that all people in the sunken ship had died.
I was amazed that Bob left a well-paid job to travel around the world.
2) Her request for a loan has been turned down by many a bank as her business is small and she could provide no guarantee.
3) The home network system on display was found to be very helpful in freeing
people from trivial housework.
4) Nothing will weaken our determination to modernize our country in the shortest possible time.
3.1) Y ou can spend hours wandering around the department stores, leisurely inspecting the items for sale, or hunting for some antiques along the sidewalks, where you’ll most likely be amazed by the variety of things on display.
2) The local government encourages laid-off workers to learn another trade and become skilled workers. Besides, it has done a lot to help solve their financial troubles by creating reemployment opportunities and by providing business startup loans.
3) For years, the farmer had built up a reputation for kindness by calling on his needy neighbors and trying to be helpful. He was very much respected in the neighborhood and hundreds attended his funeral when he passed away.
II. Confusable W ords
1.1) personal 2) personnel
2.1) sometime 3) some time 2) Sometimes 4) sometime
III. Euphemism
l. d 2. e 3. H 4. C 5. g 6. a 7. b 8. F
Structure
1.1) Every day, the kids came home from school dusty and hungry.
2) The newly-appointed director walked to his office cheerful and confident.
3) Ben hurried home, anxious to watch the football league game on TV.
4) Jenny opened the door quietly, afraid of waking the baby up.
2. 1) “... snow pretty soon,”Correction: “... it’s going to snow pretty soon,”
2) “When winter come, you give me job clearing snow at the factory.”Correction: “When winter comes, please give me the job of clearing snow at the factory.”
3) “I like a buy a house.” Correction: “I’d like to buy a house.”
4) “Mr. Craw, I sell my house!”Correction: “Mr. Crawford, I’ve sold my house!”
5) “Mr. Craw, I buy a farm.”Correction: “Mr. Crawford, I’ve bought a farm.”Comprehensive Exercises
I. Cloze
(A)1. create 2. Sponsored 3. amazed 4. Determination 5. away 6. capacity
7. loan 8. Character 9. Hunting 10. send for
(B) 1. With 2. Until 3. In 4. Or 5. kids/children 6. Up 7. dream 8. more
9. for 10. Open 11. House 12. don’t13. and 14. Y ou
II. Translation
After graduating from college, Tony decided to start his own business. At the beginning, many a bank turned down his request for a loan. But he was not a bit discouraged, and continued to call on one banker after another seeking help. Impressed by his determination and optimism, one banker finally agreed to loan him the money. Now he has become a wealthy businessman. Talking about his amazing achievement, Tony puts great emphasis on the importance of creating rather than waiting for opportunities.
第一册，第五单元
Vocabulary
I1.1) fertile 2) reflected 3) straightens 4) identify 5) overseas
6) scheduled, scheduled 7) slim 8) split 9) sustained 10) glow
11) grateful 12) delicate 13) more than a little 14) thrust 15) keen
2. 1) The extent of the human body’s response to a drug depends on the amount taken.
2) Mary stopped corresponding with Henry after the death of her mother. A radio transmitter is best located at an isolated place far from cities.
3) A radio transmitter is best located at an isolated place far from cities.
4) I was so absorbed in the game on TV that I didn’t hear Martin come in.
5) The rough surface of the basketball helps players grip the ball.
the world.
2. Joy Warren was grateful to the five rescuers for saving her three children from the sinking
car in response to her cry for help.
3. “The food at this hotel disgusts me. Why not dine at the restaurant across the street?”“Well, we haven’t reserved a table, but we’ll take a chance on its not being full.”
II. Usage
1. 1) frightened 2) afraid / frightened
2. 1) alike / similar 2) similar
3. 1) alive 2) living
4. 1) sleeping 2) asleep
III. W ord Family
1.1)disappointed
1.2)disappointment
2)disappointing
3)disappoint
4)disappointingly
5)disappointing
2.1)attractive 2)attract 3)attraction 4)attractively 5)unattractively 6) unattractive Structure
1. 1) Europa is one of Jupiter’s four bright satellites, all named after characters in Greek mythology.
2)The woman stood over there, her graying hair pinned up under a worn hat.
3)The tourist bus rolled south, the fields it passed green with newly planted rice.
4)The principal stormed into the noisy classroom, his face black with anger.
2. 1) Please sit down for a moment, and I’ll tell the manager you’re here.
2) Drop a stone into a smooth lake, and the surface will be covered with circular waves moving outward from the center.
3) Bring the flowers into a warm room, and they’ll soon open.
4) Arrive late once more, and you’re fired.
Comprehensive Exercises:
I. Cloze
(A)1) identifying 2) gripped 3) margins 4) scheduled 5) corresponding
6) overseas 7) more than a little 8) hesitated 9) grateful 10) made my way
11) response 12 going my way
(B)1) before 2) thought 3) believed/thought 4) ring 5) Nor/Neither 6) She
7) did 8) letter9) that/it 10) the 11) Jenny/she 12) could 13) and 14) with 15) had 16) table 17) but
II. Translation
Not rich himself, Uncle Li never hesitates to help others. Previous to / Before his retirement, through Project Hope he located the addresses of two country kids who grew up in poor families but had a keen desire to study . From then on he sent them money regularly. Later the two made their way to college, and even got a chance to study overseas. They often thought of Uncle Li and kept corresponding with him. Whenever he read their letters, Uncle Li’s face would broaden into a smile. He felt this to be the most sensible investment in his life.
第一册，第六单元练习答案
Vocabulary
I. 1.1) maintaining 2) intelligent 3) go (very) far 4) has expanded
5) make a deal 6) In the interest(s) of 7) wiped out 8) surrounding
9) convince 10) figure out 11) encountered 12) has cooperated
13) assessed 14) (had) switched 15) envy
2. 1) There used to be a long/long-running controversy over whether the book should be published or not.
2) Kate felt relieved after her first meeting with Tom had gone smoothly.
3) Something suddenly went wrong with my computer when I was in the middle of writing the essay.
4) It’s a miracle that she survived the air crash when it brought about 109 deaths.
5) She is determined not to give in until they give her a pay rise.
3.1) It is obvious that Sherman never thought Melati was so intelligent that she would deceive her.
2) Scientists have undertaken various kinds of original research projects to explore
animal intelligence, but they still can’t reach an agreement on whether it exists or not.
3) Lots of evidence convinced us/them/me/him/her that the lost ancient tunnel must have run right underneath the city, extending to the seashore.
II. Confusable W ords
1. firstly
2. first, first
3. At first
4. First/Firstly
5. First
6.First
7.at first
8.first III. Usage
Phrases: In the phrase, the attributive noun indicates:
1. animal intelligence whose
2. zoo keeper where
3. eye contact through what
4. money supply of what
5. killer whale what kind
6. baby whale how old
7. family member of what 8. sea turtle what kind/where
Structure
1. 1) Scott arrived at the South Pole on January 18th, only to find that someone had got there before him.
2) They spent a lot of time negotiating for a pay increase, only to get fired.
3) I got to the theater only to find that I had left the ticket at home.
4) I went to this St. V alentine’s party to have some fun only to discover that everyone there was my mother’s age.
2. 1) Why pay so much for such a coat? Y ou could have it at half of the price in the supermarket near our house.
2) The central heating system seems to have gone wrong. Why not call the repairman to check it?
3) Why argue with him any more? He’s made up his mind not to undertake this task.
4) “I called and left a message for him several times but he never called back.”
“Why not try his mobile phone, then?”
Comprehensive Exercises
I. Cloze
(A)1. emergency 2. Evidence 3. original 4. sizing up 5. negotiates 6. reveal
7. intelligent 8. make a deal 9. dominant 10. in their interest 11. deceiving
12. Controversy 13. judgment 14. Explore
(B)1. or 2. How 3. from 4. However 5. behavior 6. when
7. d oesn’t8. Example 9. But 10. Attention 11. Another 12. that
13. a 14. Every 15. associate 16. When 17. food 18. Learning
II. Translation
When I was young I developed a keen interest in animals. So I often visited the zoo in my home town. There what attracted me most was a couple of tigers, especially the male. They were kept in a huge iron cage at first, but later was released from it and put in a place called Tiger Hill. The hill was separated from the visitors by a very wide and deep ditch. What’s more, it was also surrounded by a high iron fence along the ditch.
Twenty years later, I revisited the zoo and was relieved to find the Tiger Hill was still there but greatly extended. Moving around now were six tigers, old and young, instead of two
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In 1931，H.F.Clark，an economist，stated that“proper information regarding wages if sufficiently __13__ upon people，will lead to correct choice of occupation and correct __14__ of people in an occupation，provided barriers to occupations have been removed.”This means that the supply and demand of workers have __15__to do with wages，__16__in turn influence people to choose certain careers……However，all barriers to occupations will have to be removed __17__ career choices can be __18__ by economics alone. There is little question __19__economic factors have some influence on choice of an occupation. 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Whether our purpose is working，playing，raising a family，learning，or simply relaxing，we usually pursue it in groups，even if the group is as small as two or three people. Out need for human contacts is not merely a practical one；it is a deep psychological need as well. If people are deprived of the company of others for prolonged periods，mental breakdown is the usual result. Even the Geneva Convention（日内瓦公约），an international agreement that regulates the treatment of prisoners of war，recognizes this need. It regards solitary （孤独的）imprisonment for more than thirty day as a cruel form of torture（折磨）。 In its strictest sense， a group is a collection of people interacting together in an orderly way on the basis of shared expe ctations about one another‘s behavior. As result of this interaction，members feel a common sense of“belonging.”They distinguish members from nonmembers and expect certain kinds of behavior from outsiders. 21.By“No man is an island，”John Donne means _____. A.no one can live on an island alone B.a man is not surrounded by sea on all sides C.a man and an island are irrelevan D.no one can live in isolation from other people 22.The fact that we work or even play in groups illustrates the point that ____. A.poeple are different from animals B.Donne recognized the group to which he belonged C.human beings are social animals D.human behavior and personalities are formed by others 23.“Breakdown”as used in Line 6，Paragraph 2 most probably denotes ____. A.separation B.collapse C.analysis D.function 24.According to the passage，what is NOT a characteristic of group？ A.There are at least two people in it. B.The members share some common grounds. C.The members work for one purpose. D.The members interact regularly with each other. 25.This passage is mainly about _______. 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