音节知识及发音规则

音节按读音可以分为开音节和闭音节

1）开音节又可以分为绝对开音节和相对开音节

(1)绝对开音节：是指一个元音字母后面没有辅音字母而构成的音节，例如：we, hi, yo-yo

(2)相对开音节：是指一个元音字母后面有一个辅音字母(除r)之外，最后是一个不发音的e构成的音节，如:take, make

在开音节中，这个元音字母发“字母”本身音，例如hi|hai|, use|ju:z|2）闭音节：指元音字母后面有辅音字母(辅音字母r除外)构成的音节，如：leg, cross

3）音节按重读可以分为重读音节和非重读音节

重读音节：指在双音节或多音节词中有一个发音特别响亮的音节，叫重读音节，用重音符号“`”标于相应位置，其他音节为非重读音节，如begin

|bi`gin|，单音节词作重读处理，但不标重音符号.

英文字母发音规则

一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音

a

在开音节中[ei] name plane Jane baby cake

在闭音节中[?] bag dad hat map black back

e

在开音节中[i:] he these me Chinese

在闭音节中[e] bed let pen desk yes egg

i

在开音节中[ai] bike fly drive time nice kite

在闭音节中[i]fish big drink sit milk swim

o

在开音节中[ou] those close go hoe home no

在闭音节中[?] clock not box shop sock

u

在开音节中[ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday

在闭音节中[Λ] bus cup jump much lunch

在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：Juneblue ruler super

二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音

a

在[w]音后面[?] want what watch wash quality

在f n sk ph sp ss st th前[α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast fatheri在-nd -ld和gh前[ai] find child light high

o

在-st -ld前[??] most postcard old cold

在m n v th前[Λ] come monkey love mother

三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

a

[?] China another woman breakfast orange comrade village cabbagee

[?] hundred student open weekend chicken pocket begin childreni

[?]/holiday beautiful family animal

[ai] exercise satellite

o

[?] second tonight somebody welcome

[?u] also zero photo

u

[?] autumn difficult

[ju:] popular congratulation January

1.动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operateu处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue

2.在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i即可以读作[E]音，也可以读作音。四、-r音节元音字母组在重读音节中的读音

ar

在[w]音后面[α:] car farmdark sharpener

[?:] warm quarter towards

or

在[w]音后面[?:] forty morning short

[?:] word worker worse

er ir ur

[?:] certainly bird Thursday

辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如：carry sorry hurry

-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[?]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forgetSaturday

五、-re音节元音字母组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组读音例词

are [ε?] care dare hare

ere [??here mere

ire [a??] fire hire wire

ore [?:] more score before

ure [ju?] pure cure

（are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[?]音，例如：picture pleasure）

六、元音词组在重读音节中的读音

ai/ay

[ei] afraid rain wait day play

air

[e?] air hair chair pair repair

al

在f m前[α:] half calm

[?:l] small ball talk wall all

au/aw

[?:] autumn daughter draw

ea

[i:] teach easy cheap please

[e] heavy bread sweater weather [ei] break great

ear

[i?] hear dear near clear year

[e?] bear pear wear swear [?:] earth learn early

ee

[i:] jeep week green three

eer

[i?] pioneer deer beer

ei/ey

[ei] eight neighbor they

[i:] either key

eu/ew

在j l r s后[ju:] new few newspaper [u:] flew brew jewelry

ie/ei

[i:] piece field receive

oa

[ou] coat Joan boat goal

oar/oor

[?:] roar board door floor

oi/oy

[?i] noise point boy toilet

oo

[u:] broom food tooth school book look cook foot good ou/ow

[au] flower house count down

[ou] know row throw though

[Λ] young country enough

[u:] group you soup

our

[?:] course your four

[au?] our hour ours

[?:] journey

ui

在j l r s后[u:i] suicide tuition

[u:] juice fruit suit fluid

七、非重读音节中元音字母组和字群的读音

ai/ay

[ei] play plain explain sunday

ei/ey

[i:] foreign monkey

ow

[??] yellow sparrow tomorrow

元音字母组在非重读音节中读[?]音或[i]。例如:neighbourseriousfamous biscuit coffee

-sion -tion [??n] impression nation

-sion在元音字母后[??n] vision decision occasion

-tion在s后[t??n] question suggestion

-sten [s?n] listen

-stle [sl] whistle

划分音节的方法：

元音是构成音节的主体，辅音是音节的分界线。两辅音之间不管有多少个元音，一般都是一个音节。如：bed床，bet打赌，seat坐位，beat毒打，beau'ty美。

两元音字母之间有一个辅音字母时，辅音字母归后一音节，如：stu'dent学生，la'bour劳动。有两个辅音字母时，一个辅音字母归前一音节，一个归后一音节，如：let'ter信，win'ter冬天。不能拆分的字母组合按字母组合划分音节。如：fa'ther父亲，tea'cher教师。