高中英语状语从句教师讲稿

高三英语语法复习

第二讲状语从句

定义:

一个_〔句子〕用作状语时,在语法上叫状语从句。这个句子可

修饰主句的谓语，定语，状语或整个句子。状语从句

通常由一个连词引起或起连词作用的_词组引起或由名词

副词_等引起。

分类：

状语从句可表示1) _时间2) 地点、3) 原因

4) _目的5) 结果、6) 条件

7) 行为方式、8) 比较、9)让步等

连词:

一. 表示时间的状语从句可由以下连词引导:

1. when, while , as, whenever, before, after, until, till,

since, ever since, once, as soon as

2．every time, next/last/each time, the first time,

the moment, the minute, the instant

3. instantly, directly, immediately

4. hardly…when, no sooner…than, be about to do…when

It is/ has been+一段时间+since从句

It was/ won’t be +一段时间+before从句

二. 地点状语从句:

where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere.

三. 原因状语从句:

because, as, since/ now that; seeing (that)由于, consideringthat 考虑到, not because/ that…but because/ that…

四. 目的状语从句

that(=so that), so that, in order that, in case,

for fear that, lest.

五. 结果状语

so, that, so that, so…that…, such… that….

六. 条件状语从句:

if, unless, once, on condition that 、as/ so long as, so far as(据我所知…), providing/ provided (that), given (that)假定,

七. 方式状语:

as, as if/ though, just as, rather than.

八. 比较状语从句:

than, as

九. 让步状语从句:

Though, although, even if/ though, no matter, whatever,however, whether…or…, whi le (=though), as

用when, while或as 填空:

1．_______________ we were talking, Mr Smiths came in.

2．_____ they came home, I was cooking dinner.

3．I was about to go to bed _______ I heard someone knock at t the door.

4. ________ we were watching TV, he was studying.

5. He is fat _______ his brother is thin.

6. ______ she sang, tears ran down her face.

Conclusion:

A: 从句为〞当……的时候〞,从句谓语为延续性动词,主句谓语为非延续性动词(即终止性动词), 三者可通用.

B 当从句的谓语动词为终止性动词,只能用when; 表示〞正在那时〞, 也只能用when.

.C.从句和主句的谓语动词都为延续性动词时, 只能用while; while还可作并列连词,表示〞而〞.

D. 当强调主句和从句的动作同时发生时,只能用as, 译为〞一边……一边……; 随着……〞

Before与after:

1.He Finish your homework ______ you go out to play.

2.had left the town the day ______ she arrived.

3.He had walked three days ____ he found water.

4.It was not long _____ he left his hometown.

5.I played football _____ I (had) finished my homework

6.Please tell her I’ll e _ ___ I do some shopping.

7.It will not be long _____ we meat each other again.

Conclusion:

1. Before作为连词, 有多种含义,必须根据上下文作出合理的判断.

2. Before与after所引导的时间状语从句中, 用现在时表示将来时

3. Before与after 还可作介词,后接名词或-ing形式.

4.Before引导的从句是过去式, 主句是过去时或过去完成时;. 主句为过去时,after从句可用一般过去时代替过去完成时.

till 与until:

1. He lived with his parents ________ he graduated from college.

2. Not ____ he told me did I know the truth.

3. The children won’t ________ (e/ be) home until/ till it’s dark.

4. It was _________ the war was over that he returned to his land. Conclusion:

1．主句为肯定句时, 主句的谓语动词应为延续性动词.

2. 当主句谓语动词为非延续性动词时,谓语动词应用否定式.

3. 位于句首时.只能用until, 不用till.

4. not…until可改写为: It is/ was not until… that强调句.〞not+ until引导的从句, 一同置于强调句中.

5. Till与until 还可作介词,后接名词. 如: I waited till/ until 3 o‘clock.

其它的时间状语从句:

1.I__________ (be) at his bedside since he _______ (bee) ill.

2.It _________ (be) two years since we _______ (begin) to use this machine.

3._______________________he saw the monster, he turned pale.

4.The spy had _________ returned home than he was told to go to another

country.

5.We had ________returned home when it rained.

6._______ had we begun when we told to stop.

Conclusion:

1. Since表示〞自从……以来〞, 以过去某一时间为起点,持续到现在或过去的某个时候; since从句用过去时态, 主句一般用现在完成时.

2. It is/ has been…since…句型.

3. 表示〞一……就……〞, 可用the moment; the minute; the instant; as soon as, immediately/ directly/ instantly以及hardly…when; no sooner…than… 等作为连词.

用because, as, since 与for填空:

1.--Why are you crying, meg?

--- ______ I’ve broken your necklace, m om.

2. I went to bed early _______ I was tired.

3. I was not kind to him _______ he was poor.

4. I was not kind to him, _______ he was rude.

5. ________ I had a cold, I was absent from school.

6. My mother was ill and I sent for Tom, ___ he was a doctor.

7. _____ we are all here, let’s begin our class.

Conclusion:

判断以下句子对错:

1.If I will have enough money next year, I will go to England.

2.If I am to blame, you are to blame.

3.I’d be very glad if you would e.

条件句的填空:

1.If I_______ (be) a bird, I would fly to you.

2.If you ________ (leave) home a little earlier this morning, you

_______________ (catch) the bus.

3.If the sun __________ (rise) in the west, I _________ ___(change) my

mind.

4._____ he _____ (fall) through the ice, he would have drowned.

5._____ bad weather stops me, I jog every day.

6._______ I have to sell my house, I’ll help those poor children to go on with

their studies.

7.I’ll go ___________________ you go.

8._______ anything important happens, please call me up.

Conclusion:

1.条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来时.

2.If 从句如果表示主语的意志,意愿, 或以you作主语表请求时, 那么用will

或would.

3.Unless不用于虚拟条件句.

4.In case引导状语从句; 而in case of后接sth. / doing sth.

判断以下句子类型:

1. You would let your children play where you can see them.

2. You would let your children play in the place where you can see them. Conclusion:

让步状语从句

1.He went out, ________ it was raining.

2._________ they are poor, they buy a great many books.

3.Strange _________ it may seem, he remained single all his life.

4.Child ____ he is, he has learnt advanced mathematics.

5.No matter ________ happens, don’t be discouraged.

6.No matter ______ you go, you must write to your parents.

7.No matter ______ hard he tried, he couldn’t open the door.

8.No matter ______ you marry in the future, he must be an honest man. Conclusion:

1.Although多用于句首.

2.Though可用于句首,句中; 还可用作副词,用于句末,译为:可是;但是.如:

It’s h ard work, I enjoy it though.

3.Though引导的主语从句还可以把表语提到最前面,而although那么不能

这样用.

目的与结果状语从句

1.He got up early _____________________ he could catch the bus.

2.____________ he could catch the bus, he got up early.

3.This book is ____ rewritten ______ children can enjoy it.

4.I was caught in a shower, ________ all my clothes got wet.

5.It’s ____ cold _____ the lake has frozen.

6.There are ______ many books there _____ I don’t know which one to

borrow.

7.I ran _____ fast ______ I’d got a pain in my side.

8.It’s _____ good a book _______ I’ve read it again and again.

9.It was _____ a cold day _____ there was nobody on the street.

10.______ cold weather remained for three days _____ I had to stay at home

all day long.

Conclusion:

1. 由so that; in order that 引导的目的状语从句中通常用may, could, can等情态动词..

2. In order that从句可放于句首,而so that 引导的从句只能放在主句之后.

3. so…that引导目的状语时, so通常修饰动词.

4. So that 引导结果状语从句时,就不用情态动词.

5. so…that引导结果状语从句时, so常用于修饰形容词或副词, 或用于修饰many,

much, little, few.

6. So也可修饰单数可数名词,但顺序为:so+adj.+a/ an+n.

7. Such可修饰任何名词,当其修饰单数可数名词时, 语序为:such+a/ an +(adj.) +n.

比较状语从句:

1.His brother is ____ handsome ____ he (is).

2.The movie was not ______ good ____ I had expected.

3.Your bag is twice as expensive as _______ (me).

4.The driver drives faster _____ he used to (drive).

5._________ knowledge we learn, _________ (happy) we will be. Conclusion:

1.请保持人称代词的格前后一致.如:1, 3.

2. 倍数词须加在比较结构的前面.如:

3.

3. 句中相同的成分,如动词,常常省去.如:1,

4.

方式状语从句:

1.He stood up _____ (he wanted ) to leave.

2.She always talks to me as if she _____ (be) my sister.

3.He walked slowly as if he _______ (hurt) his leg.

判断以下句子的类型:

1.I will do as you advise.

2.As I expected , he won the match.

Conclusion:

1.As if从句里的主语与动词有时可省略.

2.As if 从句表达的情况如果与事实相符合,从句不用虚拟语气,从句时态与

主句保持一致.

3.As if 从句表达的情况如与事实不相符合,那么从句用虚拟语气.

4.As 引导的从句的动词可用do, does, did来代替,以避免重复.

改错:

1.She was walking on the street while the accident happened.

________ 2.I will call you as soon as I will finish my homework.

_______ 3. After the queen knows it is I that help you run away, she will kill me .

________ 4. I have finished the position when the bell rang. ______

Conclusion:

1. 连词的错用.

2. 时间与条件状语从句中的将来时用一般现在时。

3.连词的错用

4. 主句从句时态本该一致而不一致.

—状语从句

概念定义

分类

连词

各种连词的具体用法When, while与as

before与after

Till与until

Hardly…when与no sooner…than的时态

Since从句与主句的时态

Because, as, since, for

状语从句中的虚拟语气虚拟条件句–即if 引导的虚拟条件句

As if 条件句中的虚拟语气

状语从句的倒装与省略虚拟条件句中省了if 的倒装。

Though与as让步状语从句的倒装

比较状语从句中相同动词的省略。

As if 方式状语从句中主语与谓语的省略。状语从句的常见错误连词的错用, 多用.

主句从句时态本该一致而不一致.

时间与条件状语从句中不应该有的将来时。