雅思写作:拿下独立主格(一)

雅思写作:拿下独立主格(一)
雅思写作:拿下独立主格(一)

雅思写作:拿下独立主格(一)

国内考试语法部分十分看重,对于语法的考察已是老生常谈。很多考生庆幸雅思考试不设针对语法专项考试,但语法依旧不可小觑,雅思考试中其实处处体现语法要求,比如作文。今天就为大家介绍英语语法结构中独立主格的用法,备考雅思的同学们一起学习下。

1.名词/主格代词+现在分词。名词/主格代词与现在分词之间主谓关系(主动)。如:

Thegirlstaringathim(=Asthegirlstaredathim),hedidn'tknowwhattosay.

姑娘两眼望着他,他不知道说什么好。

Timepermitting(=Iftimepermits),wewillgoforanoutingtomorrow.如果时间允许的话,我们明天去郊游。

Johnbeingaway,Harryhadtodothework.

由于约翰不在,哈里就得做这个工作。

MissYangbeingourEnglishteacher,we'llhaveahappytimethisterm.

杨小姐当我们的英语老师,本学期我们将会很愉快。

Hesatinfrontofthem,dressedinaplain,ill-fittingsuit,nevermoving,hisdustyfacemaskinghisage .

他一动不动地坐在他们面前,穿着一套普通的、不合身的西服,他满面灰尘,让人看不出他的年龄。

2.名词/主格代词+过去分词。名词/主格代词与过去分词之间的动宾关系(被动)。如:

Theproblemssolved(=Astheproblemsweresolved),thequalityhasbeenimproved.

随着问题的解决,质量已经提高了。

Herglassesbroken(=Becauseherglasseswerebroken),shecouldn'tseethewordsontheblack board.

由于眼镜摔坏了,她看不见黑板上的字。

Shegazed,herhandsclaspedtoherbreast.

她凝视着,双手叉在胸前。

3.名词/主格代词+不定式。名词/主格代词与不定式之间是主谓关系,可表将来,强调一次具体性的动作。如:

Heisgoingtomakeamodelplane,someoldpartstohelp.

借助于一些旧零件,他要做一个飞机模型。

Theysaidgood-byetoeachother,onetogohome,theothertogotothebookstore.

他们道别后,一个回了家,一个去了书店。

Herearethefirsttwovolumes,thethirdonetocomeoutnextmonth.这是头两卷,第三卷下个月出版。

Somanypeopletohelphim,heissuretosucceed.

有如此多的人来帮助他,他一定会成功的。

Anumberofofficialsfollowedtheemperor,sometoholdhisrobe,otherstoadjusthisgirdle,andso on.

许多官员尾随皇帝之后,有的拎着皇帝的衣袍,有的则给他整腰带等。

4.名词/主格代词+形容词(形容词(短语)说明前面名词或代词的性质或状态)。如:

Anairaccidenthappenedtotheplane,nobodyalive.

那架飞机遭遇了空难,无一人生还。

Somanypeopleabsent,themeetinghadtobecalledoff.

这么多人缺席,会议不得不取消。

Sheappearedinfrontofus,herfacebrightwithjoy.

她出现在我们面前,脸上闪耀着快活的神色。

Hesatinthefrontrow,hismouthhalfopen.

他坐在前排,嘴半开着。

Thefloorwetandslippery,westayedoutside.

由于地板又湿又滑,我们呆在屋外。

5.名词/主格代词+副词(副词也多是说明前面名词或代词的状态)。如:Heputonhissweaterwrongsideout.

他把毛衣穿反了。

Themeetingover,theyallwenthome.

会议一结束,他们就都回家了。

英语独立主格结构说明

英语独立主格结构说明 一、独立主格结构的特点 独立主格结构是一个名词或代词(作为逻辑主语),加上一个形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、不定式等在句中作状语。它有以下三个特点: (1) 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。 (2) 名词或代词与后面的形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、不定式等存在逻辑上的主谓关系。 (3) 独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开,但与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。 二、独立主格结构的用法 它表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等,相 当于一个状语从句或并列句

(1)作时间状语 The work don e(二After the work had bee n done) , we went home.工作完成后,我们才回家。 (2) 作条件状语 Weather permitt ing( = If weather permits) , they will go on an out ing to the beach tomorrow. 女口果天气允许的话,他们将在明天组织一次海滨小游。 (3) 作原因状语 An importa nt lecture to be give n tomorrow(二As an importa nt lecture will be give n tomorrow) , the professor has to stay up late into the night. 因为明天要发表一个重要的演讲,教授不得不熬夜到很晚。 (4) 作伴随状语

He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed un der his head(二a nd his hands were crossed un der his head). 他躺在草地上,两手交叉枕在脑后。 (5) 表补充说明 A hunter came in, his face red with cold(=and his face was red with cold). 一个猎人走了进来,他的脸冻得通红。 注:独立主格结构表示时间、条件或原因时,相当于一个状 语从句,一般放在句首,表示原因时还可放在句末;表伴随状况或补充说明时,相当于一个并列句,通常放于句末。 一、独立主格结构的概念及基本构成形式 独立主格结构(the absolute structure )是由名词或代词加上分词或 分词短语构成的一种独立结构,用于修饰整个句子,而不是一个词或词组。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词或分词短语构成逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系,独立主格结

新概念英语语法讲解:独立主格

一、独立形式只是一个小短语,而不是主谓完整的简单句,又称之为独立分词构句。当分词意义上的主语不是主句的主语时,必须在分词前保留意义上的主语,否则语意不通。 示例: Being ill in bed, I can't go to school. Mother being ill in bed, I can't go to school. 1.独立主结构形式可用以表时间,理由,条件,伴随状态等。 He lay on the grass, the sun shining upon him. = He lay on the grass, and the sun was shining upon him. Weather permitting, I'll start tomorrow. = If weather permits, I'll start tomorrow. School being over, the boys went home. = When school was over, the boys went home. The sun having set, we arrived at the station. = After the sun had set, we arrived at the station. 重点:当独立主格结构的主语表示“一般人”,如:we, one, you时,主语可省略,此用法常用于下列表达方式中: generally speaking 一般来说 strictly speaking 严格地说 talking of ... 谈到 speaking of ... 说到 judging from ... 由……来判断 taking all things into consideration 把一切都考虑在内 considering ... 考虑到…… [示例] If we judge from his face, he must be ill. = Judging from his face, he must be ill.

独立主格结构+英语句子结构.docx

独立主格结构 独立主格结构( Independent Genitive)有两部分组成,前一部份是名词或者代词,后一部分是非谓语动 词(不定式、动名词和分词 )或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语,多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子,在句子中作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。 详细概述 非谓语动词作状语,其逻辑主语须与主句主语保持一致。若不一致,非谓语动词形式须另带主 语,从而构成复合结构的形式作状语。这种结构称为“独立结构”。其中,非谓语动词主动用V-ing , 被动用 V-ed 。 非谓语动词及其短语前面带有逻辑主语,逻辑主语的代词又是主格,故常称为“独立主格”。独“ 立结构”在句中起状语作用,相当于状语从句,表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等情况。 功能 独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中,其作用相当于一个状语从句,常用来表示时间、原因、 条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。例如: 表示时间 The meeting being over, all of us went home.开完会后我们都回家了。 Her work done , she sat down for a cup of tea.她干完了活,坐下来喝茶。 表示条件

The condition being favourable, he may succeed.若条件有利,他或许能成功。 表示原因 There being no taxes, we had to walk.没有出租车,我们只好步行。 He wrapped her up with great care,the night being dark and frosty. 夜又黑又冷,所以他把她裹得严严实实的。 表示伴随情况 Almost all metals are good conductors,silver being the best of all. 几乎所有的金属都是良导体,而银则是最好的导体。(=Almost all metals are good conductors, and silver is the best of all.) 用法 独立主格结构主要表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等,相当于一个状语从句或并列句。 用作时间状语 The work done (=After the work had been done), we went home.工作完成后,我们就回家了。 用作条件状语 Weather permitting(=If weather permits), they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow. 如果天气允许的话,他们将在明天组织一次海滨小游。

独立主格用法详解

一、 独立主格结构是一个名词或代词(作为逻辑主语),加上一个形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、不定式等在句中作状语。它有以下三个特点: (1)结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。 (2)名词或代词与后面的形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、不定式等存在逻辑上的主谓关系。 (3)独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开,但与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。 二、 英语中,的形式是:名词或代词跟形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词连在一起,构成。 1.名词/ 代词+ 不定式。如: A house to be built, we must save every cent. 由于要建一座房子,我们必须节省每一分钱。 Now here is Li Lei, Wei Fang to come tomorrow. 现在李蕾来了,魏方明天到。 2.名词/ 代词+ -ing分词。如: The bus coming here soon, we should get everything ready. 汽车很快就要来了,我们应该把一切事情准备好。 Mother being ill, Li Lei was very worried. 母亲病了,李蕾非常焦急。 3.名词/ 代词+ 动词的过去分词。如: His cup broken, he used his bowl instead. 茶杯破了,他就用碗来代替。 4.名词/ 代词+ 形容词。如: The ground muddy, we should be careful. 地面泞泥,我们应该小心。 5.名词/ 代词+ 副词。如: The class over, we all went out to play. 下课后,我们都出去玩。 6. Glasses in his hand, he asked where his glasses were. 手里拿着眼镜,他问他的眼镜哪去了。 三、 在句子中作状语,表示时间、原因、条件和伴随等情况。 1.作时间状语 School over, the students went home. 放学后,学生们都回家了。 The ceremony ended, the games began. 仪式结束后,比赛开始了。 2.作条件状语 It being fine tomorrow, we’ll go boating. 如果明天天气好的话,我们就去划船。

高中英语独立主格结构详细讲解

独立主格 一、独立主格结构的含义和实质 “独立主格结构”(absolute construction)又叫“独立结构”,是带有自己主语的非谓语动词分句和无动词分句。由于在语法上有自己的逻辑主语,结构上与主句不发生关系,因此传统语法叫做“独立主格结构”。其实,所谓“独立主格结构”并非真正独立,它还是一种从属分句,与主句紧密联系在一起,共同表达一个完整的意思,通常在句中起状语分句的作用。独立主格结构可放于句首、句尾,用逗号和主句隔开。 二、独立主格结构的基本形式和功能 独立主格结构可以分为两部分:一部分是名词或代词,起逻辑主语的作用;另一部分是非谓语动词分句(现在分词、过去分词、不定式)或无动词分句(名词、形容词、副词、介词短语),表示前面名词或代词的动作或状态。 基本形式是:名词普通格/代词主格+现在分词/过去分词/不定式/名词/形容词/副词/介词短语,with引导的复合结构。 1.名词/代词+ 现在分词 现在分词表示前面的名词或代词主动进行的动作或状态等。 例The man lay there, his hands trembling. So many students being absent, the meeting had to be put off. His homework having been done, Tom went to sleep. 注:“独立结构”中的being或having been 有时可以省去,这样就成了无动词分句或过去分词分句。 2.名词/代词+过去分词 过去分词表示前面的名词或代词被动完成的动作或所处的一种状态。 例The boy lay on his back, his hands crossed under his head. The job not finished, we couldn’t see the film. Her shirt caught on a nail, she could not move. 后面两个句子也可以看成省略掉了having been,being。如果加上,这两个句子就又变成了现在分词分句。 3.名词/代词+不定式 不定式表示的是将来的动作。 例He suggested going for a picnic, Mary to provide the food. These are the first two books,the third one to come out next month. We shall get together at 7:30, the procession(游行)to start moving at 8 sharp. 4. 名词/代词+名词 名词一般做前面名词或代词的同位语。 例Many people joined in the work, some of them women and children. He fought the tiger,a stick his only weapon. 5.名词/代词+形容词短语 形容词(短语)说明前面名词或代词的性质,状态,原因等。 例The floor wet and slippery, we had to stay outside for a while. I heard that she got injured in the accident,my heart full of sorry. 这两个句子也可以看成是省略了being,如果加上,就变成了现在分词分句。 6.名词/代词+副词 副词说明前面名词或代词的状态。

5种基本句型和独立主格结构讲解

英语中的五种基本句型结构 一、句型1:Subject (主语) +Verb (谓语) 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,所谓不及物动词,就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。常见的动词如:work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。如: 1) Li Ming works very hard.李明学习很努力。 2) The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。 3)Spring is coming. 4) We have lived in the city for ten years. 二、句型2:Subject (主语) +Link. V(系动词) +Predicate(表语) 这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。其系动词一般可分为下列两类: (1)表示状态。这样的词有:be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep等。如: 1) This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。 2) He looked worried just now.刚才他看上去有些焦急。 (2)表示变化。这类系动词有:become, turn, get, grow, go等。如: 1) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。 2) The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树比以前长得高多了。 三、句型3:Subject(主语) +V erb (谓语) +Object (宾语) 这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词, 所谓及物动词,就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语,其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。例: 1) He took his bag and left.(名词)他拿着书包离开了。 2) Li Lei always helps me when I have difficulties. (代词)当我遇到困难时,李雷总能给我帮助。 3) She plans to travel in the coming May Day.(不定式)她打算在即将到来的“五一”外出旅游。 4) I don’t know what I should do next. (从句)我不知道下一步该干什么。 注意:英语中的许多动词既是及物动词,又是不及物动词。 四、句型4:Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+Indirect object(间接宾语)+Direct object (直接宾语) 这种句型中,直接宾语为主要宾语,表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的,在句中不可或缺,常常由表示“物”的名词来充当;间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语,去掉之后,对整个句子的影响不大,多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有:buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等。如: 1) Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present.她爸爸给她买了一本词典作为生日礼物。 2)The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March. 老人经常给孩子们讲述长征途中那些英雄的故事。上述句子还可以表达为: 1)Her father bought a dictionary for her as a birthday present. 2)The old man always tells stories about the heroes to the children in the Long March. 五、句型5:Subject(主语)+Verb (动词)+Object (宾语)+Complement(补语) 这种句型中的“宾语+补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份等;或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。如: 1)You should keep the room clean and tidy. 你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。(形容词) 2) We made him our monitor.(名词)我们选他当班长。 3) His father told him not to play in the street.(不定式)他父亲告诉他不要在街上玩。

英语独立主格结构

独立主格结构 独立主格结构有两部分组成,前一部份是名词或者代词,后一部分是非谓语动词或其他的一些词。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语,多用于书面语。 独立主格结构本身不是句子,在句子中作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。 独立主格结构的功能 独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中,其作用相当于一个状语从句,常用来表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。例如: 1) 表示时间 The meeting being over, all of us went home. 开完会后我们都回家了。 Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea. 她干完了活,坐下来喝茶。 2)表示条件 The condition being favourable, he may succeed. 若条件有利,他或许能成功。 3)表示原因 There being no taxis, we had to walk. 没有出租车,我们只好步行。 He wrapped her up with great care, the night being dark and frosty. 夜又黑又冷,所以他把她裹得严严实实的。 4)表示伴随情况 Almost all metals are good conductors, silver being the best of all. 几乎所有的金属都是良导体,而银则是最好的导体。(=Almost all metals are good con ductors, and silver is the best of all.) 常见的独立主格结构有如下几种: 1. 名词/主格代词+现在分词。名词/主格代词与现在分词之间主谓关系。如: The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didn't know wh at to say. 姑娘两眼望着他,他不知道说什么好。 Time permitting (= If time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow. 如果时间允许的话,我们明天去郊游。 2. 名词/主格代词+过去分词。名词/主格代词与过去分词之间的动宾关系。如: The problems solved(= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved. 随着问题的解决,质量已经提高了。 Her glasses broken(= Because her glasses were broken), she couldn't see the words on the blackboard. 由于眼镜摔坏了,她看不见黑板上的字。 3. 名词/主格代词+不定式。名词/主格代词与不定式之间是主谓关系,且强调的是一次具体性的动作。(使用较少,仅作参考)如: He is going to make a model plane, some old parts to help. 借助于一些旧零件,他要做一个飞机模型。 They said good-bye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to the bookstore. 他们道别后,一个回了家,一个去了书店。

独立主格结构练习题及解析

独立主格结构练习题及解析 1. I have a lot of books, half of ___ novels. A. which B. that C. whom D. them 2. __ more and more forests destroyed, many animals are facing thedanger of dying out. A. because B. as C. With D. Since 3. The bus was crowded with passengers going home from market, most of __ carrying heavy bags and baskets full of fruit and vegetables they hadbought there. A. them B. who C. whom D. which 4. The largest collection ever found in England was one of about 200,000 silverpennies, all of ___ over 600 years old. A. which B. that C. them

D. it 5. The cave __ very dark, he lit some candles ___ light. A. was; given B. was; to give C. being; given D. being; to give 6. The soldier rushed into the cave, his right hand __ a gun and his face ____ with sweat.A held; covered B. holding; covering C. holding; covered D. held; covering 7. The girl in the snapshot was smiling sweetly, her long hair ___ . A. flowed in the breeze B. was flowing in the breeze C. were flowing in the breeze D. flowing in the breeze 8. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ____ for the day. A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished 9. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, ___ parents seated together joking.

独立主格结构英语句子结构

独立主格结构 独立主格结构(Independent Genitive)有两部分组成,前一部份是或者代词,后一部分是非(不定式、动名词和)或形容词、、或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语,多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子,在句子中作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。 详细概述 非谓语动词作状语,其逻辑须与主句主语保持一致。若不一致,非谓语动词形式须另带主语,从而构成复合结构的形式作状语。这种结构称为“独立结构”。其中,非谓语动词主动用V-ing,被动用V-ed。 非谓语动词及其短语前面带有逻辑主语,逻辑主语的又是主格,故常称为“独立主格”。“独立结构”在句中起状语作用,相当于状语从句,表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等情况。 功能 独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中,其作用相当于一个,常用来表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。例如: 表示时间 The meeting being over, all of us went home. 开完会后我们都回家了。 Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea. 她干完了活,坐下来喝茶。 表示条件 The condition being favourable, he may succeed. 若条件有利,他或许能成功。 表示原因 There being no taxes, we had to walk. 没有出租车,我们只好步行。 He wrapped her up with great care, the night being dark and frosty. 夜又黑又冷,所以他把她裹得严严实实的。 表示伴随情况 Almost all metals are good conductors, silver being the best of all. 几乎所有的金属都是良导体,而银则是最好的导体。(=Almost all metals are good conductors, and silver is the best of all.) 用法 独立主格结构主要表示发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等,相当于一个状语从句或并列句。 用作时间状语 The work done(=After the work had been done), we went home. 工作完成后,我们就回家了。

英语独立主格结构

英语独立主格结构 一、概念: “独立主格结构”是由名词或代词作为逻辑主语,加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成。这种结构在形式上与主句没有关系,通常称为“独立主格结构”。 二、功能: “独立主格结构”实质就是带有自己主语的非限定状语从句。众所周知非限定性从句通常以主句的某一成分作为自己的逻辑主语,从而依附于主句。而有些非限定性从句和无动词从句带有自己的主语,在结构上与主句不发生关系,因此成为独立主格结构。其实,虽然叫做独立主格结构,并不是真正的独立,它还是一种从属分句,在句中有多种作用。如:表原因、表条件、表方式、表伴随、表时间等,在句中通常起状语作用。 三、形式: 独立主格结构在形式上有两部分组成:第一部分有名词或代词担任,第二部分由分词、动词不定式、形容词、副词、或介词短语担任。按其结构形式分为:—ing 分词独立主格结构;—ed分词独立主格结构;无动词独立主格结构等。 四、举例: 1、There being nothing else to do, they gone away. 由于无事可做,他们离开了。(代词+-ing; 表原因) 2、Miss Wang come into the classroom, books in hand. 王老师走进教室,手里拿着书。(无动词结构;表伴随) 3、The old man sat in his chair, his eyes closed. 老人坐在椅子上,闭着眼睛。(名词+-ed; 表状态) 4、Class over, we began to play basketball. 放学了,我们开始玩篮球。(名词+副词;表时间) 5、Without a word more spoken, he picked up the paper. 没再多说一个字,他拾起那张纸。(借此结构;表伴随) 6、The last guest to arrive, our party was started. 最后一位客人到了,我们的晚会开始了。(名词+不定式;表时间) 五、独立主格结构与分词短语作状语的异同: 1、独立主格结构与分词短语都可以转化成状语从句。但是,独立主格结构转换成状语从句后,有自己的逻辑主语,与主句的主语不一致;而分词短语转化

独立主格结构图表解析

独立主格结构 一、概念 “独立主格结构”就是由一个相当于主语的名词或代词加上非谓语动词、形容词(副)词或介词短语构成的一种独立成分。该结构不是句子,也不是从句,所以它内部的动词不能考虑其时态、人称和数的变化,它与主句之间不能通过并列连词连接,也不能由从句阴道词引导,通常用逗号与主句隔开。独立主格结构在很多情况下可以转化为相应的状语从句或者其他状语形式,但很多时候不能转化为分词形式,因为它内部动词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致。 二、独立主格的特点

1.当独立主格结构中的being done表示“正在被做时”,being不可以被省略。 2.当独立主格结构的逻辑主语是it, there时,being不可以省略。 三、独立主格结构的用法。 一般放在句首,表示原因时还可放在句末;表伴随状况或补充说明时,相当于一个并列句,通常放于句末。

四、非谓语动词独立主格结构。 “名词或代词+非谓语动词”结构构成的独立主格结构称为非谓语动词的独立主格结构。名词或代词和非谓语动词具有逻辑上的主谓关系。 1.不定式构成的独立主格结构 不定式构成的独立主格结构往往表示还未发生的行为或状态,在句中常 作原因状语,有时做条件状语。 Lots of homework to do, I have to stay home all day. 由于很多作业要做,我只好待在家里。 So many children to look after, the mother has to quit her job. 如此多的孩子要照顾,这个妈妈不得不辞掉她的工作。 2.动词+ing形式的独立主格结构 动词-ing形式的句中作状语时,其逻辑主语必须是主句的主语,否则就 是不正确的。动词-ing形式的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致时,就应在 动词的-ing形式前加上逻辑主语,构成动词-ing 形式的独立主格结构,逻辑主语与动词间为主谓关系,是分词的动作执行者,分词表示的动作 时逻辑主语发出的动作。 We redoubled our efforts, each man working like two. 我们加倍努力,每个人就像在干两个人的活。 The governor considering the matter, more strikers gathered across his path. 总督思考这个问题时,更多的罢工工人聚集到他要通过的路上。 The guide leading the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest. 在向导的带领下,我们轻松地走出了森林。 3.过去分词形式的独立主格 过去分词形式的独立主格结构是由“逻辑主语+过去分词”构成。逻辑主 语与动词之间为动宾关系,它是分词的动作承受者,这一结构在句中作 时间状语,原因状语、伴随状语、条件状语等。 This done, we went home.做完这个,我们就回家了。 All our savings gone, we started looking for jobs. 积蓄用完后,我们都开始找工作。 More time and money given, we can finish the work in advance. 如果给予更多的时间和金钱,我们能提前完成这个工作。 五、其他形式的独立主格结构

英语独立主格考点专项训练(附详解)

英语独立主格考点专项训练(附详解) 1. I have a lot of books, half of ________ novels. A. which B. that C. whom D. them 2. ________ more and more forests destroyed, many animals are facing the danger of dying out. A. because B. as C. With D. Since 3. The bus was crowded with passengers going home from market, most of ________ carrying heavy bags and baskets full of fruit and vegetables they had bought there. A. them B. who C. whom D. which 4. The largest collection ever found in England was one of about 200,000 silver pennies, all of ________ over 600 years old. A. which B. that C. them D. it 5. The cave ________ very dark, he lit some candles ________ light. A. was; given B. was; to give C. being; given D. being; to give 6. The soldier rushed into the cave, his right hand ________ a gun and his face ________ with sweat. A held; covered B. holding; covering C. holding; covered D. held; covering 7. The girl in the snapshot was smiling sweetly, her long hair ________. A. flowed in the breeze B. was flowing in the breeze C. were flowing in the breeze D. flowing in the breeze 8. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ________ for the day. A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished

(完整版)独立主格结构完整讲解

一、独立主格结构的概念 独立主格结构(Absolute Structure )是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立 结构,用于修饰整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系,它的位置相当灵活,可置于主句前、主句末或主句中,常由逗号将其与主句分开。在句中作状语,相当于一个状语从句。 需特别注意的是,独 二、独立主格结构基本构成形式 名词(代词)+现在分词;过去分词;形容词;副词;不定式;名词;介词短语) 1. 名词(代词)+现在分词 例句:The storm drawing near ,the navvy decided to call it a day The storm drawi ng n ear 在句中作:原因状语 =Si nee the storm was draw ing n ear , the n avvy decided to call it a day 由于暴风雨即将来临,那个挖土小工决定收工。(call it a day 今天到此为止) 例句:Win ter comin g, it gets colder and colder. Win ter comi ng 在句中作:伴随状语 =The win ter comes, and it gets colder and colder. 冬天来了,天气越来越冷了。 造句:时间允许的话,我就和你一起走。 Time permitti ng, I will go with you. 独立主格作:条件状语 =改写:f time permits, I will go with you. ___________ 造句:那个姑娘望着他,他不知道说什么好。 The girl staring at him, he didn ' t know what to say. 独立主格作:时间状语 =改写:As the girl stared at him, he didn ' t know what to say. 2.名词(代词)+过去分词 例句:He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard. 他上课专心听讲,眼睛紧盯着黑板。 例句:The meeti ng gone over, every one tired to go home earlier. 会议结束后,每个人都想早点回家。 造句:工作完成后,他回家了。 The work done, he went back home.

英语独立主格结构用法小结

英语独立主格结构用法小结 非谓语动词作状语时, 它的逻辑主语应该是句子的主语。但有时非谓语动词带有自己的主语, 从而在结构上与主语不发生关系, 我们称之为独立主格结构( Absolute Construction) 。其实, 所谓“独立主格结构”也并非真正独立, 它还是一种从属的结构。 一、非谓语动词独立主格结构 在独立主格结构中, 非谓语动词和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。请看下面的例子: Such an able man to help you, you will surely succeed sooner or later. 有这么能干的人来帮你, 你迟早一定会成功的。(不定式) such an able man和to help you 之间存在着主谓关系, 即Since such an able man will help you, you will surely succeed sooner or later. He seating himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story. 他在书桌旁坐好后, 他母亲开始给他讲故事。(现在分词) He seating himself at the desk 拥有了自己的逻辑主语he, 即When he se ated himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story. The key to the bike lost, he had to walk to school. 由于丢了自行车钥匙, 他只好步行去学校。(过去分词) the key 是lost 的逻辑主语, lost 也可以用完成式having been lost,即B ecause the key to the bike had been lost, he had to walk to school. 1、不定式独立主格结构 在“逻辑主语+动词不定式”结构中, 动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构也可用一个从句或并列分句来表达。 His mother to come tonight, he is busy preparing the dinner. 他母亲今晚要来, 他正在忙着准备饭菜。 (As his mother is to come tonight, he is busy preparing the dinner.) ——Will you go to the concert tonight?

独立主格结构完整讲解(可编辑修改word版)

独立主格结构的用法 一、独立主格结构的概念 独立主格结构(Absolute Structure)是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构,用于修饰整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系,它的位置相当灵活,可置于主句前、主句末或主句中,常由逗号将其与主句分开。在句中作状语,相当于一个状语从句。 需特别注意的是,独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。 二、独立主格结构基本构成形式 名词(代词)+现在分词;过去分词;形容词;副词;不定式;名词;介词短语) 1.名词(代词)+现在分词 例句:The storm drawing near,the navvy decided to call it a day. The storm drawing near 在句中作:原因状语 =Since the storm was drawing near,the navvy decided to call it a day.由于暴风雨即将来临,那个挖土小工决定收工。(call it a day 今天到此为止)例句:Winter coming, it gets colder and colder. Winter coming 在句中作:伴随状语 = The winter comes, and it gets colder and colder. 冬天来了,天气越来越冷了。 造句:时间允许的话,我就和你一起走。 Time permitting, I will go with you. 独立主格作:条件状语 =改写:If time permits, I will go with you. 造句:那个姑娘望着他,他不知道说什么好。 The girl staring at him, he didn’t know what to say. 独立主格作:时间状语 =改写:As the girl stared at him, he didn’t know what to say. 2.名词(代词)+过去分词 例句:He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard. 他上课专心听讲,眼睛紧盯着黑板。 例句:The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier. 会议结束后,每个人都想早点回家。 造句:工作完成后,他回家了。 The work done, he went back home. = When the work was done, he went back home.

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