词句精讲精练

词句精讲精练
词句精讲精练

Module 2 My home town and my country

词句精讲精练

词汇精讲

1. in the east of

in the east of…意为“在……的东部”。例如:

Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海在中国的东部。

【拓展】

in / to/ on+方位名词

(1)in表示在某一地区之内(属于该范围)。例如:

Taiwan is in the southeast of China. 台湾位于中国的东南部。

(2)to表示在某一地区之外(不属于该范围),两地不接壤。例如:

Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东部。

(3)on表示与某一地区相邻,两地相接壤。例如:

North Korea is on the east of China. 朝鲜在中国东部。

2. population

population意为“人口”时,是一个集体名词,被看作一个整体,在句中做主语时,后面的谓语动词用单数形式。例如:

China has a quarter of the world’s population. 中国人口占世界人口的四分之一。

【拓展】

(1)当表示一个城市、地区或国家有多少人口时,常用以下两种结构,即“the population of + 某地+ is + 数词”或“某地+ has a population of + 数词”。例如:

The population of London is over ten million.

= London has a population of over ten million. 伦敦的人口超过一千万。

(2)population可与large,small搭配,但不能与many,few搭配。例如:

The city with its large population has become crowded.

这个人口众多的城市变得拥挤不堪了。

(3)询问人口数量常用what或how large。例如:

What’s the population of the city?

= How large is the population of the city? 这个城市有多少人口?

(4)population前有修饰词,如分数、百分数时,表示整体人口中的一部分,谓语动词复数形式。例如:

Half of the population of the city are farmers. 这个城市的一半人口是农民。

3. especially

(1)especially表示“特别地”,用于修饰形容词或副词,强调程度。有时也修饰动词。例如:

It is especially cold today. 今天特别冷。

We are especially busy today. 我们今天特别忙。

I’m feeling especially t ired this evening. 今天晚上我特别累。

I especially want to see that film. 我特别想看那部电影。

(2)用于强调目的,意为“特意、专门”,通常与表目的的不定式或介词for 短语连用。例如:

We bought it especially for you. 这是我们特意为你买的。

The book is written especially for children.

这本书是专门为孩子们写的。

(3)表示陈述某一事实之后,列举一个具有代表性的例子,作进一步强调,其后可接名词、介词短语、从句等。例如:

This street is very crowded, especially on Sundays.

这条街很拥挤,尤其是星期天。

We want to invite some friends, especially Jim and John.

我们想邀请几个朋友,尤其是吉姆和约翰。

【拓展】

(1)special 作形容词,意为“特殊的,特别的,专门的(反义词:ordinary)”,强调事物特有的性质、性格或专门的目的、用途。例如:

You must have special permission to enter this room.

你必须得到特许才能进这个房间。

(2)especial 作形容词,意为“特别的,主要的,突出的(反义词:common)”,强调的是重要性,有“尤其、特别”之意。例如:

He solved the problem of especial importance.

他解决了非常重要的问题。

4. north

(1)north作名词,意为“北,北方,北部”。例如:

Heilongjiang Province is in the north of China.

黑龙江省地处中国的北部。

(2)north作形容词,意为“北方的,北部的,来自北方的”,是定语形容词,在句中只用作定语。north如所修饰的名词是地理名词,则其前不加冠词,如是普通名词,则其前加冠词。例如:

We seldom meet with such fish in the north country.

我们在北方很少看到这种鱼。

North America has good climate for wild grapes.

北美的气候适合野生葡萄的生长。

(3)north作副词,意为“向北方”,多修饰动态动词。例如:

Most birds fly north in spring.

大多数鸟儿在春天飞向北方。

【拓展】

英语中表示方向的词:north —北方;west —西方;east —东方;south —南方;southeast —东南;southwest —西南;northwest —西北;northeast —东北。

5. such as

such as意为“例如”,用来“罗列”同类人或物中的几个例子,可置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间,但such as后边不能用逗号。例如:

I have many hobbies such as reading, dancing and singing.

我有很多爱好,如读书,跳舞和唱歌。

Many of the English programs are welcome, such as Follow Me, Follow Me to Science.

其中有许多英语节目很受欢迎,例如《跟我学》、《跟我学科学》。

English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and so on.

许多国家说英语,如澳大利亚、加拿大等。

【拓展】

for example也意为“例如”,但是强调“举例”说明,而且一般只举同类人或物中的一个

作为插入语,且用逗号隔开。for example可置于句首、句中或句末。

例如:

There are many kinds of pollution, for example, noise is a kind of pollution.

污染方式有许多种,例如噪音就是一种污染。

Many students like playing computer games,for example,Mike.

许多学生喜欢玩电脑游戏,比如迈克。

6. ago

ago作副词,意为“以前”,表示从现在算起的“以前”,常与一般过去时态连用。例如:I came here two years ago. 我两年前来这里的。

He arrived three hours ago. 他三小时前到达的。

【拓展】

ago与before

(1)ago表示“从现在起的若干时间以前”,意思是“距今……以前”,常和一般过去时连用。before泛指“从过去起的若干时间以前”,意思是“距过去某时……以前”,常和完成时连用,尤其在间接引语中。例如:

I visited him three days ago, but he had gone to Shanghai a week before.

我三天前去访问他,但他已于那时的一周前到上海去了。

His parents died ten years ago. 他父母十年前都去世了。

He said that his parents had died ten years before. 他说他父母亲十年前都去世了。

(2)如果不具体表明多少时间以前,只用before不用ago,意为“从前、以前”。before仍以副词的形式置于被修饰语后,常与完成时连用。例如:

Have you seen this film before? 你以前看过那部电影吗?

He asked me whether I had been to the Great Wall before.

他问我以前是否去过长城。

(3)表示在某一点时间或事件以前时,只用before不用ago,这种用法是将before当作介词或连词使用。ago不具有这一功能。例如:

They will come back before six o’clock. 他们将在六点前回来。

It is hoped that this project will be finished before the year 1995.

希望这项工程将在1995年以前完成。

7. older

older为形容词old的比较级形式,意为“更旧的;岁数更大的”。例如:

His bike is older than mine. 他的自行车比我的旧。

My grandfather is older than my grandmother. 我的爷爷比奶奶岁数大。

【注意】

older与elder

(1)older 通常用于比较两个人的年龄大小或者两个物体之间的新旧程度。例如:

He is older than his brother. 他比他的兄弟年长。

This book is older than that one. 这本书比那一本旧一些。

(2)elder专用于同一个家庭成员之间的长幼对比,也有时指职位、身份较高的人,且只能用于形容人。例如:

Tom is my elder brother.汤姆是我的哥哥。

You are all elder statesmen.你们都是政治元老/资深政客。

8. much wider

much此处作副词,修饰比较级。修饰比较级是副词much的常见用法,“much + 比较级”

的意思是“更……”或“……得多”。例如:

It’s much colder today than it was yesterday. 今天比昨天冷得多。

We will be a much better football team next year.

明年我们将会成为一支更好的足球队。

【拓展】

much修饰形容词的原级

much修饰形容词原级的情形主要见于那些由过去分词转化来的形容词。例如:

I was much annoyed. 我很不高兴。

She wasn’t much surprised. 她并不太惊讶。

【注意】

有个别非分词转化来的形容词有时也可用much修饰,但这种用法很有限,通常只见于good, different等少数几个形容词。例如:

I don’t think this battery is much good. 我并不认为这种电池非常好。

The new school isn’t much different from the old one. 新学校与老学校区别不太大。

词汇精练

I. 把下列词组英汉互译。

1.pretty good ________________

2.________________事实上

3.in the 1980s________________

4.as...as...________________

5.on the coast________________

6.________________有一天

7.much bigger________________

8.________________在……的东/西/南/北部(包含关系)

9.lots of________________

10.________________以……而闻名

11.________________多大(年龄)

12.the population of________________

II. 根据汉语或首字母提示补全句子。

1.—How was your school trip?

—P________ good.

2.The p________ of the city is more than 23 million.

3.Beijing is b________ than Tianjin.

4.This boy is taller t________ that girl.

5.There are lots of trees on the h________.

6.My mother likes fruit,_______(尤其) apples.

7.Some people like living in the ________(乡下).

8.I can see four _______(岛) in the picture.

9.The ________(北) of the country is colder than the south.

III. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空(每空不限一词)。

1.There are two ________(university) in our city.

2.My brother’s room is ________(big) than my sister’s.

3.There are four ________(million) people in this country.

4.This tree is tall but that tree is much ________(tall).

5.Remember ________(visit) Big Ben when you go to London.

1.Shanghai is a big city in the ________ of China.

2.They lived in a remote(偏远的) ________.

3.He is a very ________ writer in this country.

4.I have no time.I’m ________ with my work.

5.You can see lots of old ________ in the old city.

6.There are ________ of books in our library.

【参考答案】

I. 把下列词组英汉互译。

1.相当好2.in fact 3.在20世纪80年代4.和……一样……

5.在海岸线上6.one day 7.大得多8.in the east/west/south/north of 9.许多10.be famous for 11.how old 12.……的人口

II. 根据汉语或首字母提示完成下列句子。

1.Pretty 2.population 3.bigger 4.than 5.hill

6.especially 7.countryside 8.islands 9.north

III. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空(每空不限一词)。

1.universities 2.bigger 3.million 4.taller 5.to visit

IV.从方框中选择恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空。

1.east 2.village 3.famous 4.busy 5.buildings 6.millions

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