2019-2020学年复旦附中高三上第一次月考试卷

2019-2020学年复旦附中高三上第一次月考试卷

Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Some people sit outside for hours without getting bitten by mosquitoes, but it always seems like you (21) ________ (bite) alive within minutes of stepping outdoors.

(22) ________ this is you, you’re not alone. According to Smithsonian Magazine, around 20 percent of people in the world are especially tasty to mosquitoes. What about these people making mosquitoes’ mouths water?

A popular myth claims that mosquitoes prefer certain blood types, but the fact is that they simply can’t tell what your blood type is from a faraway place. Jonathon Day, a professor of medical entomology（昆虫学）at the University of Florida in the US, told NBC it’s not complicated. “The two most important reasons a mosquito (23) ________ (attract) to you have to do with sight and smell.”

Mosquitoes are especially active in the late afternoon. While flying along, they use their sense of smell to find possible targets. They find victims by smelling the carbon dioxide (CO2) breathed out my humans and animals. That’s (24) ________ you commonly find them in crowded streets and parks.

Joop van Loon, an entomologist at Wageningen University in the Netherlands, told Live Science, “Mosquitoes start orienting (25) ________ to carbon dioxide and keep flying upwind (26) ________ they sense higher concentrations.”

As a result, people who simply exhale more of the gas over time - generally, larger people - (27) ________ (show) to attract more mosquitoes than others. “This is why kids don’t get bitten as much ... as adults,” US professor Ted Rosen told Science Alert.

This love for CO2 can also put pregnant women at (28) ________ (increase) risk for mosquito bites, as they tend to exhale 21 percent more CO2 than people of the same age and size who aren’t pregnant.

In addition to carbon dioxide, the color of the clothes you wear also plays a role in attracting mosquitoes.

According to Live Science, mosquitoes can lock (29) ________ targets from up to 50 meters away. At this distance, what we wear has huge effect. Due to their vision, people wearing dark colors are more likely to become targets.

(30) ________ (sting) by mosquitoes is annoying, but don’t worry. Some simple tips can help ward them off. Scientists recommend that we use insect repellent and wear light-colored clothing.

Section B

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.

The U. S. dollar was supposed to be at the end of its rope. Kicking the bucket. A dying symbol of a dying empire. Well, maybe not. The dollar continues to __31__ gloom-and-doom predictions. After a swoon last year, the dollar is again enjoying a major ___32___. The U. S. dollar index, which measures the dollar’s value against other major currencies, is just off an eight-month high.

The main reason behind the dollar’s recovery is actually no real surprise at all. There is no ___33___ able to replace the dollar as the world’s No. 1 currency. What makes currencies so fascinating is that their perceived value is always relative to other currencies. Sure, the U. S. budget deficit（赤字）is ___34___, the government’s debt is increasing, and Wall Street is still repairing itself. But the dollar remains the prettiest of a flick of ugly ducklings. Is any other major industrialized economy ___35___ better off than the U. S. ?Not really. Just about the ___36___ developed world is suffering with the same problems. That’s why when investors get nervous, they still rush to the good old dollar. The dollar wins because no one else is really in the game.

The euro has been exposed as a ___37___. Only a few month ago, economists tryly

believed the euro could ___38___ the dollar as the top reserve currency. Now experts are questioning if the euro has a future at all. The Greek debt crisis has ___39___ that the euro is only as strong as its weakest link.

Maybe over the next 20 or 30 years, the dollar will slowly lose the ___40___ status it holds today. That process, however, could well be driven by the appearance of new rivals.

Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Culture influences an individual’s health beliefs, behaviours, activities and medical treatment outcomes. ___41____ the significant influence of culture upon health and related outcomes, health care ___42___ should be culturally competent in order to provide ___43___ health care to patients. Cultural competency means considering many options and being more careful about making judgments. For example, scars and bruises that suggest abuse in western culture could ___44____ be symbols of accepted healing methods or sacred rituals. ____45___, different parts of the body are considered sacred in different cultures.

Culture competency in health-care ___46___ four major challenges for providers. The first is the straightforward challenge of recognizing clinical ___47___ among people of different ethnic and racial groups, e. g., higher __48__ of hypertension in African Americans and of diabetes in certain Native American groups.

The second, and far more complicated, challenge is ___49___. This deals with everything from the need for interpreters to nuances of words in various languages. Many patients, even in western cultures, are __50__ to talk with their doctors about such personal matters as sexual activity or chemical use. How do we overcome this __51__ among more restricted cultures?

The third challenge is ethics. ____52___ western medicine is among the best in the world, we do not have all the ___53___. Respect for the belief systems of others and the effects of those beliefs on well-being are critically important to competent care.

The final challenge involves ___54__. For some patients, authority figures are immediately

mistrusted, sometimes for good reason. Having seen or been victims of atrocities（暴行）at the hands of authorities in their homelands, many people are as ___55____ of caregivers themselves as they are of the care.

41. A. Because of B. Regardless of C. Thanks to D. In regard to

42. A. professors B. signals C. professionals D. assistants.

43. A. optimum B. opposite C. optimistic D. optional

44. A. truly B. surely C. actually D. really

45. A. In fact B. In addition C. In general D. In theory

46. A. provides B. reduces C. contends D. holds

47. A. similarities B. differences C. traditions D. experiences

48. A. danger B. threat C. risk D. problem

49. A. contact B. communication C. comprehension D. translation

50. ready B. hard C. reluctant D. impossible

51. A. challenge B. fault C. result D. phenomenon

52. A. When B. While C. As D. Unless

53. A. diagnoses B. medicines C. reputation D. trust

54. A. loyalty B. honor C. reputation D. trust

55. A. conscious B. careful C. worried D. wary

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements . For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

Plastic-Eating Worms

Humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year. Almost half of that winds up in landfills（垃圾填埋场）,and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans. So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms.

Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth

can break down polyethylene（聚乙烯）, which accounts for 40% of plastics. The team left 100 was worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours, and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams, or almost 3% of it. to confirm that the worms’ chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste（糊状物）and applied it to plastic films. 14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass - apparently broken down by enzymes（酶）from the worms’ stomachs. Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017.

Federica Bertocchini, co-author of the study, says the worms’ ability to break down their everyday food - beeswax - also allows them to break down plastic. “Wax is a complex mixture, but the basic bond in polyethylene, the carbon-carbon, is there as well,” she explains. “The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond.”

Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee, who was not involved in the study, says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene. But compared with previous studies, she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting. The next step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes（肠道微生物）?

Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team’s findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills. But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process -- not simply “ millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.”

56. What can we learn about the worms in the study?

A. They take plastics ads their everyday food.

B. They are newly evolved creatures.

C. They can consume plastics.

D. They wind up in landfills.

57. According to Jennifer DeBruyn, the next step of the study is to ________.

A. identify other means of the breakdown

B. find out the source of the enzyme

C. confirm the research findings

D. increase the breakdown speed

58. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemical might ________.

A. help to raise worms

B. help make plastic bags

C. be used to clean the oceans

D. be produced in factories in future

59. What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To explain a study method on worms.

B. To introduce the diet of a special worm.

C. To present a way to break down plastics.

D. To propose new means to keep eco-balance.

(B)

Your True Stories

On The Wing

My husband had passed tragically and unexpectedly the night before. I returned home the next morning with my sister-in-law, my emotional support. We sat in the upstairs loft, sharing stories about a man who’d left us too young. I glanced out the window and noticed a woodpecker on the roof. It appeared to be watching us. A member of a species rarely seen here, the bird sat for almost 20 minutes as we reminisced. I affectionately named it after my late husband. It has been five years since he passed, and a woodpecker continues to appear at my weakest moments.

Shannon Rozewicz Like Son, Like Father

Caught in a sudden downpour on the last day of a bike-packing trip, I ducked into the lobby of a nearby supermarket for cover. As I waited out the storm with my bike and gear, a teenage boy invited me to spend the night with his family. I gladly accepted, and he went to find his parents. While I waited, an older man made me the same offer. I thanked him and said I already had a place to stay. Shortly after, the boy returned with his parents. The man who had approached me was his father.

Philip Wood Color Me Proud

When my granddaughter Bethany was four years old, she visited my home for a few days.

I gave her some crayons and pictures for coloring. When I looked down, I saw she had used a crayon to draw purple marks all over her legs. “Bethany, what are you doing?” I asked. “Why, Grandma,”

she said, “you have such pretty purple lines up and down your legs, and I wanted mine to look just like yours.” Since then, I have worn my varicose vein with pride, and they got prettier each year.

Margie Anderson

60. From the stories, we can learn that ________.

A. The woodpecker is Shannon’s emotional support

B. Shannon has been crazy for the death of her husband

C. Purple is Granddaughter’s favorite color

D. Grandma used to be proud of her varicose vein

61. When Philip Wood says “Like Son, Like Father”, he means the father and the son ________.

A. resemble each other in many ways

B. are both helpful and considerate

C. like to socialize with strangers

D. are fond of accommodating strangers

62. What is the general tone of the three stores ?

A. Warm and optimistic

B. Sad but positive

C. Humorous and ironic

D. Hopeful and idealistic

(C)

①What does it say about the future of meat when the country’s largest processor of chicken, pork, and beef buys a stake（股份）in a start-up that aims to “perfectly replace animal protein with plant protein”?

②Tyson Foods announced this week that it purchased a 5 percent stake in Beyond Meat, the Southern California-based food-tech start-up that made headlines earlier this year with its veggie burger that reportedly cooks and tastes like real beef.

③To be sure, Beyond Meat’s meatless creations have yet to take the country

by storm. Although the 100 percent plant-based burgers have achieved plenty of positive press since they appeared for the first time in May, so far they’re only available at Whole Foods stores in seven states. Even though the company’s “chicken” strips, “beef” pies, and meatless frozen dinners are available nationwide, Beyond Meat is hardly a household name.

④That may be what makes the news of Tyson’s investment all the more noteworthy. While the two companies declined to give details about the deal, it’s doubtful that Tyson’s 5 percent

stake made much of dent（凹陷）in the meat giant’s coffers（金库）. The company posted $41.4 billion is sales last year; prior to the deal with Tyson, Beyond Meat had reportedly raised $64 million in project capital funding -- about what Tyson earns before lunch on any given day.

⑤Tyson is doing pretty great. The company reported record third-quarter

earning per share is August and says that it expects overall meat production to increase 2 to 3 percent during the next financial year. But like a big oil company shelling out cash to invest in wind power, Tyson’s toe-in-the-water move to team up with a start-up devoted to bringing more plant-based protein to American dinner tables seems to suggest the meat industry is starting to see which way the winds are blowing.

⑥Sales of plant-based protein, which totaled an estimated $5 billion last

year,continue to pale compared with the market for meat in America-- but vegetarian alternatives to meat are booming, with sales growing at more than double the rate for good products overall. The steady drumbeat of news about the negative health impacts, environmental problems, and animal welfare concerns associated with meat consumption appears to be sinking in. According to a survey released in April, more than half of Americans surveyed said they plan to eat more plant-based food in the coming year.

63. Beyond Meat’s veggie burger made headlines probably because ________.

A. it makes perfect use of animal protein

B. it uses high tech in the making process

C. it tastes as good as a genuine beef burger

D. it represents the diet trend in South California

64. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the state of Beyond Meat?

A. It is the creator of the country’s first 100 percent plant-based burgers.

B. It has been well received as its products are available nationwide.

C. It is far from being a match to real food processing giants like Tyson.

D. It provides high-quality dining experience in selected Whole Foods stores.

65. What does the pale in paragraph 6 mean?

A. seem unimportant

B. seem white

C. seem weak

D. seem faint

66. What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. Meat will still take over the marker in spite of other alternatives.

B. A major American meat company is betting on plant-based protein.

C. Tyson and Beyond Meat work together to build a global meat giant.

D. Plants have been found to contain protein that does more good to human being.

Section C

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blanks with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentences can used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Write and journalist Cristina Odone aroused widespread anger by suggesting that her daughter was being pressured to take science for graduation exams and this was unreasonable for a child with a literary bent. She even claimed that “ ... this focus on STEM [Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics] subjects sends a message that makes her and me uncomfortable: doing a man’s work is more impressive than doing a woman’s.”

Like many others, ______67________ Taking science to age 16 should simply be seen as part of obtaining a well-rounded education. Furthermore, identifying STEM as a man’s subject leads in part to our serious lack of variety in the scientific workforce. Meanwhile, many male authors and poets might be surprised to learn that literature is “woman’s work”.

Novelist Lucy Ellman once wrote, “The purpose of artists is to ask the right questions, even if we don’t find the answers, whereas the aim of science is to prove some silly points.” But proving some silly points might save your life, light your home, allow you to surf the web or visit your relatives living far away. _____68______

However, having said that, I am not trying to denigrate the work of the humanities. I do

not see this as an either/or situation but it’s all part of being human. I admire and appreciate those who try to express things hard to be described in words, but is simply isn’t my strength. I may wholeheartedly believe that science is vital but that doesn’t mean I think the humanities (or indeed the social sciences) are not. _______69______ That statement is not equal to saying that the humanities should not be properly funded. Somehow, we are constantly being put in opposition, a divide that is damaging to both scientists and non-scientists.

______70_______ I would say it is exactly because I am human. I sit her typing listening to a Schubert piano trio. I have been reading EP Thompson’s The Making of the English Working Class to try to understand how our society was and is the shape it is. Scientists may be capable of dealing with the ethic of their work, but they cannot and should not answer the question of whether we should do this in isolation.

Ⅱ. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your won words as far as possible.

Where are the bees?

Bees are essential to the production of food we eat. Bees make honey, but they also pollinate large areas of crops, such as strawberries, apples and onions. About a third of the food we eat is a result of pollination of the bees. Unfortunately, bees have been disappearing at an alarming rate.

In 2006, bee keepers started reporting about something called Colony Collapse Disaster (CCD). The main sign of CCD is the loss of adult honey bees from a hive. In October of 2006, some beekeepers reported that they had lost between 30 and 90 percent of their hives.

There were many theories of the disappearance of the bees. But the most convincing one has to do with pesticides and lifestyles of bees today. Nowadays, beekeepers get most of their income not from producing honey but from renting bees to pollinate plants. This means that the life of the typical bee now consists of traveling all around the country to pollinate crops as the seasons change. That means a lot of traveling on trucks, which is very stressful to bees. It is not unusual for up to 30% of the hive to die during transport due to stress. In addition, bees that spend most of their time locked up on trucks are not exposed to what usually live on. Instead, they live on a sweet liquid from corn, usually polluted with pesticides.

No one knows from sure the exact reason for the disappearance of bees, but losing bees is very costly for the economy. The bee pollination services are worth over $8 billion a year. With no bees, pollination will have to be done by hand, which would have effects on the quality of food and increased food prices. We hear a lot about big environmental disasters almost every day. But one of the biggest may just be the loss of that tiny flying insect.

Ⅴ. Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1. 我们无意发动贸易站，但同时也为之做好了充分准备。(intention)

2. 学校图书馆仅向持FDFZ学生证的学生开放。(access)

3. 他向我保证暑假一定会好好背词组，但其实是骗我的。(assure, prove)

4. 我绝对无法认同他这种面对诱惑毫不犹豫出卖朋友的行为。(identify, hesitate)

Ⅴ. Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English composition in around 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

请针对图片反映出现象，谈谈你对此的看法。你的作文必须包括：

1. 描述图片内容

2. 谈谈你的看法

KEYS :

语法填空

21. are being bitten 22. If 23. is attracted 24. why 25. themselves 26. as 27. have been shown 28. increased 29. onto 30. Being stung 十一选十

31. BD 32. B 33. ABC 34. D 35. CD

36. AB 37. A 38. AD 39. BC 40. C

完型填空

41-45 ACACB 46-50 DBCBC 51-55 ABCDD

阅读理解

56. C 57. B 58. D 59. C

60. A 61. B 62. A

63. C 64. C 65. A 66. B

67. C 68. A 69. B 70. AC