最新中考初中语法现在完成时态讲解及练习
中考初中语法现在完成时态讲解及练习
一、现在完成时的构成
肯定句：主语+have/ has + done (过去分词)+其它
He has lived in Shenzhen for 4 years.
一般疑问句：Have/ Has +主语+ done (过去分词)+其它
Has he lived in Shenzhen for 4 years?
否定句: 主语+have/ has+ not + done (过去分词)+其它
He has not finished his homework.
过去分词的构成方法如下 :
1.一般情况下，直接在动词原形后面加–ed.
work---worked answer---answered obey---obeyed want---wanted
2.以不发音的 -e 结尾的动词只加–d.
Move---moved hope---hoped divide---divided
3.字尾是辅音+y的动词。则将y改i加ed.
study---studied tidy---tidied satisfy---satisfied
4.以重读闭音节结尾的词，这些词的末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写这个辅音字母，再加–ed. stop---stopped regret--- regretted drop---dropped
不规则动词过去式与过去分词分类记忆表
二、ABB （过去式和过去分词一致）
6） 过去式、过去分词改为-elt 三、ABA （过去式与原形一致）
四、ABC （原形、过去式、过去分词各不一样） 1). 过去分词在过去式或原形后加-n 或-en
二、现在完成时标志词：
recently; recent years; these days/ years; lately; since; for+时间段；in the past few years; ever since; in the last five months; up to now; since then; so far; ever; never, yet; once; twice; already; before; just already (已经): 用于肯定句
I have already posted the letter .
yet(已经): 用于否定句,疑问句
He hasn’t done his homework yet.
just(刚刚)
They have just left.
ever(曾经)
Have you ever been to Beijing ?
never(从不)
I have never seen him .
before(以前)
Have you seen the film before?
since(自从…以来)
I’ve worked in the school since 1999.
for(长达)
He’s lived in Shenzhen for 6 years.
in the past several days / weeks/ years(在过去的…)
recently(最近)
I have not written to my parents recently.
so far(到目前为止)
So far she has learned 5 English songs.
up to now(到目前为止)
this morning/month/year(今天早上/这个月/今年)
三、现在完成时的用法
1)现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。常与already(已经), yet(已经),
just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用.
Already， yet的用法
already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 常用于否定句,疑问句尾.
Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的)
I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙)
I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容)
I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的)
3)现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态，常与for, since引导的时间短语或从句连用.
since , for 的用法:
since: (自…以来)
1)since+时间点
He has stayed here since 5 o’clock.
2)since+ 时间段+ ago
He has stayed here since 5 hours ago.
3)since+ 从句
for: (长达）
for+ 时间段
He has kept the book for 2 weeks.
She has learned English for 5 years.
He has lived in Beijing since he was born .
Have you stayed here since 3 o’clock?
四、have/has been to; have/has gone to; have/has been in
have /has been to 曾经去过某地，人已经回来了
have /has gone to 去了某地，人还没回来
have /has been in 去了某地并一直待在那
1.我去过上海。I have been to Shanghai twice.
2.---Where is Jim？--He has gone to England．（尚未回来）
3. I have been in Shanghai for three years．我到上海已有三年了。
1、现在完成时的"完成用法"
现在完成时的"完成用法" 指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束，但该动作对现在产生了影响，与现在情况具有因果关系。
例如：He has turned off the light. 他已把灯关了。
( 动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况-- 灯现在不亮了。)
现在完成时"完成用法" 的特点是动作不延续，因此，该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语( 如：already ，yet ，before ，recently 等) 、频度时间状语( 如：never ，ever ，once 等) 、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语( 如：this morning / month / year... ，today 等) 连用。
例如：Have you found your pen yet ？你已找到你的钢笔了吗？
2、现在完成时的" 未完成用法"
现在完成时的" 未完成用法" 指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。
例如：
1. He has lived here since 1978/he moved here. 自从1978 年以来，他一直住在这儿。
( 动作起始于1978 年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。)
2. I have been in the army for more than 5 years. 我在部队已经呆了五年多了。
( 动作开始于5 年前，一直延续至今，有可能还要继续下去。)
此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语( 由since 或for 引导) ，或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语( 如：up to now ，so far 到目前为止) 等。
例如：I have heard nothing from him up to now. 到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。
1.他的爷爷已经去世2年了。His grandpa has been dead for 2 years.
2.Nick 参军3年了.Nick has been in the army for 3 years
3.他离开深圳好长时间了。He has been away from Shenzhen for a long time.
4.这本书我已借了4个月了I have had/kept the book for 4 months.
五、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
(1) 一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式，而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是" 助动词have /has + 过去分词"。
如：The film started at 7 o'clock. He has been a teacher for many years.
(2) 一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday, last week, two years ago, just now, in 2002 等；而现在完成时则常与just, already, ever, never 等副词和these days, this week, since..., for.../since...ago/ up to now/so far 等表示一段时间的状语连用。
(3 ) 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的侧重点只在于陈述一件过去的事情，不强调对" 现在" 产生的影响。
如：He visited Guilin in 1998. 他1998 年参观过桂林。( 只说明去桂林的时间)
(4)现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响或产生了结果。不与确定的过去时间状语连用。
如：Jill has bought a new computer. 吉尔买了一台新电脑。( 着重点是现在有了一台新电脑) 看看以下的几组句子，有什么区别？
(A)Have you seen the film? (B)Did you see the film?
[说明] 你看过这部电影吗？
(A) 句强调的是被问者对剧情是否了解；
(B) 句强调的是看这部电影的动作是否发生过，并不强调是否知道其内容。
(A)He has lived in Beijing for 8 years. (B) He lived in Beijing for 8 years.
[说明] 他在北京住了8 年。
(A) 句讲的是到目前为止他在北京住了8 年，可能还会继续在北京住下去。
(B) 句讲的是他在北京住过8 年，现在不在北京了。
练习
一、抄写动词以及过去式和过去分词。
1. be_______________-_________________
2. come_______________-_________________
3. go_______________-_________________
4. do_______________-_________________
5. have_______________-_________________
6. drink_______________-_________________
7. give_______________-_________________
8. eat_______________-_________________
9. know_______________-_________________
10. run_______________-_________________
11. say_______________-_________________
12. see_______________-_________________
13. find_______________-_________________
14. draw_______________-_________________
15. get_______________-_________________
16. hear_______________-_________________
17. begin_______________-_________________
18. buy_______________-_________________
19. leave_______________-_________________
20 become _______________-_________________
21 break _______________-_________________
22 bring _______________-_________________
23 build _______________-_________________
24 bite _______________-_________________
25 catch _______________-_________________
26 choose _______________-_________________
27 cut _______________-_________________
28 fall _______________-_________________
29 fly _______________-_________________
30 forget ________________-_________________
31 grow _______________-_________________
32 hit _______________-_________________
33 hurt _______________-_________________
34 keep _______________-_________________
35 lend _______________-_________________
36 lose ________________-_________________
37 meet _______________-_________________
38 put _______________-_________________39 read _______________-_________________
40 ring _______________-_________________
二、用for 或since填空
1. Mr. Brown has had his TV ________ 15 years.
2. I’ve taken driving lessons _________ last month.
3. My sister has had her cell phone ________ a month .
4. My friends haven’t visited me ___________ my birthday.
5. We haven’t used our c ar ________ a long time .
6. She hasn’t had a good cup of coffee _________ years.
7. Tom has worn glasses _________ he was 7 years old.
8. Jill has been in Ireland _________ Monday.
9. Mr. Jason has been in Paris _______ three days.
10. My aunt has lived in Australia_______15days.
11. Margaret is in her office. She has been there _______7 o’clock.
12. India has been an independent country ______ 1974.
13. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty______ many years.
14. Mike has been ill ________ a long time. He has been in hospital ______October.
三、改写句子，使原句的意思不变，每空一词。
1. The English professor arrived here about a week ago
The English professor __________ ____________ here for about a week .
2.Her husband started to work on the farm three hours ago .
Her husband _____________ _____________ on the farm for three hours .
3.The French musician came to China last month , and he is still here .
The French musician _____________ ____________ ____________ China for a month .
4.He joined the army in 1985 .
He ___________ ___________ __________ the army __________ 1985 .
5.He joined the League half a year ago .
He has been a League ____________ ____________ half a year .
6.The bus left five minutes ago .
The bus ___________ already __________ ___________ for five minutes .
7.The girl bought a new school bag in September .
The girl ___________ __________ the school bag since September .
8. The shop closed last winter .
The shop __________ ____________ _____________ since last winter .
9. The film began ten minutes ago .
The film ___________ __________ ___________ for ten minutes .
10. The dog died two days ago .
The dog ___________ ____________ _____________ for two days .
11. The meeting ended last ____________month .
The meeting ___________ __________ ______________ for a month .
四、用have/has been to, have/has gone to填空：
1.—Where is your brother? —He ____________ the shop. He’ll be back soon.
2. — __________ you ever _________ to America? —Yes, I ___________ New York twice.
3. —Here you are at last! Where _________ you _________? —I _____________ London.
4. —David _______________ Australia. —I’m sure he’s already arrived.
5. —Is Benny here? —No, he ______________ the school library. He left five minutes ago.
五、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. I _____________ (wait) for him for two hours . I am very angry.
2. He _________ (be) a doctor since he was twenty.
3. The film __________ (be) on for fifteen minutes.
4. ________ you ever ________ (read) that book before?
5. ________ you ever ________ (try) to change her?
6. No one _____________ (arrive) here yet.
7. ___________ the bus ____________ (leave) yet?
8. I _______________ (not talk) to him yet.
9. I ___________ already ___________ (make) the bed.
10. They __________ just ____________ (go). They will be back soon.
11. When ___________ you ____________ (meet) him ? Last night or this morning?
12. She ______________ (not come) here recently .
13. She ___________ (never see) the man before .
14. I ____________ (meet) him before, but I forget his name.
15. It is eleven o’clo ck. He ______________ (not come) back yet.
16. He _______________ (write) five stories so far .
17. She ______________ (be) a teacher for ten years , she likes her job very much.
18. ____________she _____________(call) on you lately ?
选择题
1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him .
A. knew
B. have known
C. must know
D. will know
2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?
A. already
B. never
C. ever
D. still
3、Have you met Mr Li ______？
A. just
B. ago
C. before
D. a moment ago
4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .
A. is writing
B. was writing
C. wrote
D. has written
5、—Our country ______ a lot so far .
—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
A. has changed ; well
B. changed ; good
C. has changed ; better
D. changed ; better
6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
A. was ; studying
B. will ; study
C. has ; studied
D. are ; studying
7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
A. know
B. had known
C. have known
D. knew
8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .
A. will see
B. have seen
C. saw
D. see
9、—These farmers have been to the United States .
—Really ? When _____ there ?
A. will they go
B. did they go
C. do they go
D. have they gone
10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?
—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
A. Did ; do ; finished
B. Have ; done ; finished
C. Have ; done ; have finished
D. will ; do ; finish
11、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
A. joined
B. has joined
C. was in
D. has been in
12、—Do you know him well ?
初中英语动词时态讲解及练习
16种英语时态总结归纳 时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。 英语时态分为16种：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时，以及这四者的进行时、完成时和完成进行时。 1. 一般现在时 用法：A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。 B) 习惯用语。C) 经常性、习惯性动作。 例：He always helps others. （他总是帮助别人。） D) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持主句、从句时态一致。 E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。 例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.（下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。） How often does this shuttle bus run? （这班车多久一趟？） F) 在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在（有时也用现在完成时）表示将来事情。 例：When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.（等你完成这份报告的时候，我就已经等了将近3个小时了。） 2. 现在进行时(be doing) 用法：现在正在进行的动作。 3. 现在完成时(have done) 用法： A) 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。 例：I bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses. A) didn't sell B) sold C) haven't sold D) would sell 答案是C) haven't sold。 B) 表示从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或情况，并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。时间状语常用since加一个过去的时间点，或for 加一段时间，或by加一个现在时间。 例：Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ___________ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time. A) are to challenge C) have been challenged B) may be challenged D) are challenging 全句的意思是：“虽然牛顿是个伟大的人物，但他的许多见解直到今天还在受到挑战，并且被现代科学家的工作所修正。”challenge是及物动词，在本句中应当是被动语态；其动作延续到今天，所以要用现在完成时态。可见答案是C) have been challenged。A) are to challenge和D) are challenging都是主动语态，不可能是答案。B) may be challenged虽然是被动语态，但意思与全句内容不合，所以不对。 C) 表示发生在过去，但对现在仍有影响的动作或情况。通常用点动词，如：arrive, begin, find, give, lose等。 例：John has broken his left leg.（约翰摔断了左腿。） 注意事项 A) 现在完成时是联系过去和现在的纽带。现在完成时和过去时的区别在于：现在完成时强调动作的动态，或受动态的影响，是动态的结果，对现在有影响；过去时只表示过去的某个具体时间里发生的动作，与现在没有联系。
初中现在完成时态讲解带练习知识讲解
初中现在完成时态讲 解带练习
一.现在完成时的含义及用法 1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 2.现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 现在完成时的基本句型： 肯定式： 主语 + 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词. 否定式: 主语 + 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词. 疑问式： 助动词Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词? 用法①现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的) 此时，现在完成时常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用，通常放在助动词之后，过去分词之前。 already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 用于否定句，翻译为还没。疑问句尾.翻译为已经 1.你已经找到你的书了吗? 2.他们在这个城市建了许多房子. 3.Judy还没到达.
4.你吃过早饭了吗? 用法② 现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since ( 自从)he was born . Have you stayed here since ( 自从) 3 o’clock? for+ 时间段 since+时间点 , since+ 句子 ①Mr. Brown has had his TV _____15 years. ②I’ve taken driving lessons _______last month. ③My sister has had her cell phone _____a month . ④My friends haven’t visited me _______ my birthday. ⑤We haven’t used our car _____a long ti me . ⑥She hasn’t had a good cup of coffee ____ years. ⑦Tom has worn glasses _______he was 7 years old. 二.have been 与have gone 的用法比较 have been to “到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。 have gone to“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。 have been in“呆在某处一段时间了” 三.实义动词分为: 瞬间动词、延续动词
八年级英语下册-现在完成时态的讲解与练习-人教新目标版
现在完成时讲解与练习 1.构成现在完成时是由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和 主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。 2.用法 （1）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如： -Have you had lunch yet -Yes,I have. I've just had it.你（已经）吃午饭了吗我刚刚吃过。（现 在我不饿了） （2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等 表示一段时间的状语。\ 如：He has taught here since 1981他自1981年就在这儿教书。（可能还要继续教） I have't seen her for four years. 我有四年没见到她了。 3．结构 1）．陈述句结构：主语＋have( has)（not）+过去分词＋其它。have not=h aven’t has not=hasn’t. 2）．一般疑问句结构：Have( Has )＋主语＋过去分词＋其它 3）．特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋have(has) +主语+ 过去分词＋其它 eg. He has already finished his homework. He hasn’t finished his homework yet. Has he finished his homework yet --Yes, he has./ No, he hasn’t./ No, not yet. （3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice, ever, never, three times等时间状语。如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。 4.现在完成时的时间状语 （1）现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。 a. 用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。 They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。 b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。如 -Have you ever been to the Great Wall你曾经去过长城吗 -I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。 c.用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just, before, up to now, the past few years等。例如： I have seen her before, but I can not remember where.我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。 He has been there three times the last few years.近几年他去过那里三次了。 d.用包括“现在”在内的时间状语，如：now, today, this morning (month ,year, term)等。例如 -Have you met him today-No,I haven't.今天你见过他吗我没有。 How many times have you been there this year 今年你去过那里多少次 （2）现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语连用,表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始， 一直持续到现在。如：I haven't seen him for two years. 但是，像come, arrive, buy等终止性动词不能与 表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改为“be（在）”等延续性动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动 词到延续性动词的转换： arrive→be here begin(start)→be on die →be dead come back→be back leave →be away fall ill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep) get up→be up go out → be out finish →be over put on →wear 或be on open →be open join →be in或 be a member of… close →be closed go to school→be a student borrow →keep buy →have catch(a cold)→ have(a cold) get to know →know begin to study→study come to work →work等 如：He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。
《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—代词的知识点总复习附解析
一、选择题 1．As for__________students from Grade 9, the biggest __________ is learning how to take care of ourselves as well as improve our grades. A．us , challenge B．Our, chance C．we , choice 2．—Do you like thrillers or comedies, Mike? —___________. I think action movies are the most exciting. A．Both B．None C．Either D．Neither 3．—Did you buy a large house? —No, not really, at least not as large as ______. A．yours B．your C．you 4．—Hi, Anna. Are these your sister’s pencils? —Oh, no. They’re not ______. A．her B．him C．hers D．his 5．—Hurry up! The bus is coming. —Wait a moment, please! Let me check if there’s ________ left. A．anything else B．important something C．other things 6．---What do you think we can do for our aged parents? ---You don’t have to do __________except to be with them and be yourself. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 7．— Is there anything to drink in the fridge? — No, there is _____ left. A．all B．both C．neither D．none 8．His name is James but he calls ________Jim. A．his B．himself C．him D．不填 9．—Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning? —_______is OK. I’m busy today and tomorrow. A．None B．All C．Both D．Neither 10．A smile costs , but gives much, so always keep smiling! A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 11．Be careful and try to make mistakes next time. You will get a better grade. A．few B．fewer C．little D．less 12．--- Which sweater do you prefer, the red one or the blue one? -- _______. I think I like the green one best. A．Neither B．Both C．Either D．All 13．—Shall we meet at 10 o’clock tomorrow morning? —I won’t be free then .Let’s make it ______day. A．other B．the other C．another D．others 14．Life is full of ups and downs, and without the downs, the ups will mean A．something B．everything C．anything D．nothing
(完整版)初一英语一般现在时态讲解
初一英语一般现在时态讲解 一、定义与讲解 一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作或一般性事实。也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。 通常与副词every day（每天），always（总是）,usually（通常）,often（经常）sometimes（有时）,等时间状语连用。 例：（1）表示事物或人物的特征、状态。 The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 Mary’s father is a n English teacher. 玛丽的爸爸是一名英语老师。 （2）表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 I go to school at seven every day.我每天六点去上学。 She plays sports every day. 她每天都做运动。 （3）表示客观现实。 The table has four legs.桌子有四条腿。 There are 63 students in my class. 我们班有63个学生。 （4）表示客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，等客观事实或格言谚语等。 The sun rises in the east every day.太阳每天从东方升起。 The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 （5）表示平日的喜好。 I like bananas. We don’t like vegetables. He likes blue. She doesn’t like strawberries. 二、只有主语在第三人称单数时在陈述句里面实义动词用“三单形式”， 其他人称（一，二，三复）用动词原形。 e.g. I/ We like English very much.我/我们非常喜欢英语。 She/ He/His sister l ikes English very much. 她/他/她的妹妹非常喜欢英语 ★动词三单形式的变化规则： 1.（1）多数直接在动词词尾加-s. play — plays like — likes ask---asks work---works get---gets call---calls （2）以字母s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-es. watch---watches wash---washes do---does go---goes （3）以“辅音字母加- y”结尾的动词，要先变y为i再加-es. try---tries study---studies cry---cries fly---flies 2.不规则变化：be---- is have----has 一般现在时态肯定句式：分为含有be动词和实义动词的两种情况：
初中英语现在完成时态练习题
初中英语现在完成时态练习题 现在完成时态练习 一(写出下列动词的的过去式和过去分词 repair be hold begin hurt pay learn run leave send lose cut win catch understand move throw feel swim get sleep eat study sing take 二(用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. I_______ already _______ (see) the film. I _____ (see) it last week. 2. ----- _______ he ________(finish) his work ? ------Not yet. 3. The students (leave) school when the accident happened yesterday. 4. -----_______ you ever ________(eat ) chocolates? ----No, never. 5. --- I ___________ (see) the fil m “Chicken Run” last week.
--- Where ________ you _______ (see) it? 6. We (hold) a sports meeting next week. 7. Shanghai _______ (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it __ _ (become) a large city. 8. I __________ (work) here since I __________ (move) here in 1999. 9. So far I ______________(make) quite a few friends here. 10. How long ___ __ the Smiths ____(stay)here? ---- For two weeks. 11. What he (do) at 8:00 last night? 12. Mum (cook) when I got home yesterday. 13. I ____________ (not want) to see the film. I ___________ (see) it with my parents. We _________ (see) it last Sunday. 14. The teacher told us that the earth (travel) around the sun. 15. __ ____ you ____ ___ (read) today’s newspaper yet? 16. They _ _ ___already___ __(do) their homework. 17.--- Where is Jim?--- He ___ __ (water) the flowers in the garden. 18. She ____________ (be) ill for three days. I’m sorry to heat that. 19. A squirrel (hide) itself if it (feel) dangerous. 20.---What Tom (do) now? ---He (work) on a maths problem. --- He (work) it out? ---No, not yet. I (think) he (work) it out soon. 21. --- I (hear) a lot about Hong Kong Disneyland recently. --- Next time you go to Hong Kong, I will take you there.
英语现在完成时态讲解学习资料
现在完成时 一、定义：表示一个动作在过去发生并对现在产生影响 表示一个动作由过去发生持续到现在有可能停下，也有可能延续下去 表示一个动作从过去开始发生到目前为止已经发生多次。 二、构成：现在完成时是由“助动词have / has + 动词的过去分词”构成的， 其规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词则需加强记忆。 如：I have just cleaned my clothes．我刚洗过衣服。 My brother has done his homework already. 我的弟弟已经做完他的作业了。 友情提示：在现在完成时的各种结构中，have, has均为助动词，无实际意义，只起构成时态的作用，不可省略。当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用has，其余人称一律用have。 过去分词 1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。 四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived , (3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried , play---played---played ,stay---stayed---stayed (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped 2 、不规则动词： AAA型 原型过去式过去分词 burst burst burst cast cast cast cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt put put put set set set shut shut shut
中考英语语法讲解资料及练形容词
中考英语语法讲解资料 及练形容词 SANY标准化小组 #QS8QHH-HHGX8Q8-GNHHJ8-HHMHGN#
中考英语语法讲解资料及练习 第3讲：形容词 Spring is coming. The trees are green, and the flowers are beautiful. 多么美的季节啊！我们要去郊游, 去感受、去描绘我们周围美好的事物。形容 词会帮你忙。可是形容词怎么使用起来老出错呀不是放错了位置，搞错了级 别，就是在使用多个形容词作定语时排错了顺序。当然了，形容词使用时需要 遵循一些规则的。想知道吗接着往下看。 a beautiful little new white wooden house 从这个长长的词中可以看出多个形容词作 定语时排列有一定的先后顺序。它们往往遵循以下规律：冠词或人称代词 所有格+数词+性质+大小+形状+表示老少、新旧+颜色+事物质地、人的国籍、用途。其实,你大可不必这样费神记,只要记住我给你的句子就可以了。 There is something wrong with my bike。这句话可能让你挠挠头皮，为 什么wrong放在 something的后面呢原来虽然大部分形容词做定语时的位置是放在名词之 前的，但当形容词所修饰的词为something，anything，nothing，everything 等以-thing为字尾的词语时，形容词要后置。 形容词级别问题： a. Our classroom is twice larger than theirs。（我们的教室是他们的两倍。）这种表示倍数的句子用…times +形容词比较级+than …这样的格式。你记住了吗 b. I'm three years older than you.（我比你大三岁。）表示"大三岁，"" 高二厘米"等时用"表示数量词的词+比较级"。 c."越来越……"用"比较级+and +比较级"来表示。如：The earth is getting warmer and warmer。（地球变得越来越暖和。） d."越……就越……"用"the +比较级…，the+比较级…"来表示。如： The busier he is，the happier he feels。(他越忙，越觉得高兴。) 最高级用法的用法就很简单了，提醒你一点，最高级要用于三者以上。还有几点是不得不提的： alone 和lonely：I feel lonely, because I am alone at home. 你独自一 人在家用 "alone" 表示"单独的"、"独自一人的"，它表示一个客观事实，在句中只 能做表语。你在家感到寂寞， 用"lonely"，表示主观上感到 "孤独""寂寞"，指一种悲伤忧郁的情绪，可作定语和表语。 older和elder: Jack is older than me, he is my elder brother.杰克 比我大要用"older"，表示"年纪大的，年老的"，常用做表语；他是我的长兄用
初中英语八大时态语态总复习时态讲解
初中英语八大时态语态总复习时态讲解 一般现在时态 【展示平台】 1 一般现在时态用来表示经常，反复，习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频率的副词sometimes（有时）, often（经常）, usually（通常）, always （总是）等连用。时间状语in the morning/ afternoon/ evening（在上午/下午/晚上）, every day/ week/ month/ year（每天/周/月/年, at noon/night （在中午/夜里）, on Monday/Tuesday（在星期一/二）等也可用在一般现在时态中。如： Bruce usually walks to school. 布鲁斯通常步行去上学。 We have two P.E classes every week. 我们每周上两节体育课。 2 表示现在的特征或状态。如： She is always ready to help others. 她总是乐于助人。 He is 13 years old. 他13岁了。 3 表示事实或客观真理，或在谚语中，也用一般现在时。如： The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day. 太阳每天东升西落。 When there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。 4 一般现在时的基本句型 1）肯定句：① 主语+动词原形+其他②主语（第三人称单数）+ 动词-s+ 其他如：They live in China. 他们住在中国。 He likes eating apples. 他喜欢吃苹果。 2）否定句：① 主语+don’t+ 动词原形+其他 ② 主语（第三人称单数）+doesn’t+ 动词原形+其他 如：They don’t live in China. 他们不住在中国。 He doesn’t like eating apples. 他不喜欢吃苹果。 3）一般疑问句：① Do+主语+动词原形+其他? ② Does+主语（第三人称单数）+ 动词原形+其他？ 如：Do they live in China? 他们住在中国吗？ Does he like eating apples? 他喜欢吃苹果吗？ 【相关链接】 当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词用第三人称的单数形式。谓语动词的第三人称单数形式的变化规则如下： 1）一般在动词后直接加s。如：talk –talks, live –lives。 2）以s, x., ch, sh或o结尾的动词在其后加es。如： watch –watches, wash –washes, go –goes。 3）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y变成i再加es。如： carry – carries, fly –flies。 4）特殊的，如：have的第三人称单数为has。 【牵手中考】 1. Bob often ______his mother with the housework on Sundays A. help B. helping C. helps D. helped
初中英语现在完成时真题汇编(含答案)及解析
初中英语现在完成时真题汇编(含答案)及解析 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．—Do you miss your parents far away? —Yes, very much. They the hometown for over two years. A. left B. have left C. were away from D. have been away from 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】根据句意“他们已经离家两年多了”可知用现在完成时，时间状语for over two years 表示时间段，动词要具有延续性，left是 leave的过去分词，是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用，故选D。 【点评】本题考查延续性动词和短暂性动词的转换。 2．—Do you still play basketball? —Oh, no. I ____ it for the past two years. A. haven't played B. didn't play C. won't play D. hadn't played 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：——你还打篮球吗？——哦，不了。我已经有两年没有打过了。根据句中的for the last two years可知应与完成时态连用，又有时间是the last two years可知是从现在往前两年，因此应使用现在完成时态，故选A。 【点评】考查动词时态中的for+段时间与完成时态连用，根据时间确定是现在完成还是过去完成。 3．My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about panda. A. was working B. is working C. has worked D. will work 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：我父亲在熊猫保护中心工作了10年，所以他对熊猫很了解。由句中的语句for 10 years 提示可知，此句要用现在完成时，主语my father，助动词要用has，故选C。 【点评】考查现在完成时的基本结构及用法，注意根据句子的时间状语判断时态。 4．—The drama series The Thunder （破冰行动） hits screens these days. —Oh. What a pity! I ____________ any of them yet, A. doesn't watch B. didn't watch C. won't watch D. haven't watched 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——连续剧《破冰行动》这些天正在霸屏。——哦。真遗憾！我任何一集也没有看过。根据Oh. What a pity!可知我没有看过。过去的动作对现在造成的影响和 yet也，常和现在完成时的否定结构连用，可知此处用现在完成时。故选D。 【点评】此题考查现在完成时。注意yet常和现在完成时连用。
现在完成时态讲解
语法探知：现在完成时态 一、掌握结构：助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词 二、掌握用法： 1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与一些时间状语，如:already, yet, ever, never, just, before, once, twice （次数）等连用，也可以和包括现在在内的时间状语，如these days, today, recently, this year, so far(=by now)等连用. e.g. I have already posted the letter. (信已经不在我这儿了) 2.表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,一直持续到现在,也许还将继续下去,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用,即for +时间段，since+时间点/从句, in(during) the last(past) ten years等，谓语只可用延续性动词。 我们知道英语动词根据词义可分为两种,一种是延续性的，一种是终止性的，终止性动词(也可称为非延续性动词,瞬间动词,或短暂性动词),如begin, start, die, buy, leave, come等,表示动作在一瞬间之内就能完成,不能再延续,所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用,即不能与表示一段时间的状语,for+段时间，since+点时间/从句连用,也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句中。（但在否定句中短暂性动词可以与for和since短语连用。） 如：They’ve left London for five days. (×) They’ve been away from London for five days. (√) 三、掌握短暂性动词如何转换成延续性动词 常见短暂性动词与延续性动词的对应关系如下: come/go/arrive/get/reach/move—be in/at open—be open die—be dead close—be closed become—be borrow—keep begin/start—be on put on—wear leave—-be away (from) buy—have fall asleep(ill)—be asleep(ill) end/finish—-be over catch a cold—have a cold join the army—be in the army/ be a soldier join the Party—be in the Party/ be a Party member get to do —do (get to know—know) get married —be married get up —be up begin to do —do (begin to study—study)
初中现在完成时态讲解带练习
精品文档 一.现在完成时的含义及用法 1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 2.现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 现在完成时的基本句型： 肯定式： 主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词. 否定式: 主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词. 疑问式： 助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词? 用法①现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的) 此时，现在完成时常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用，通常放在助动词之后，过去分词之前。 already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 用于否定句，翻译为还没。疑问句尾.翻译为已经 1.你已经找到你的书了吗? 2.他们在这个城市建了许多房子. 3.Judy还没到达. 4.你吃过早饭了吗? 用法② 现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since ( 自从)he was born . Have you stayed here since ( 自从) 3 o’clock? for+ 时间段 since+时间点, since+ 句子 ①Mr. Brown has had his TV _____15 years. ②I’ve taken driving lessons _______last month. ③My sister has had her cell phone _____a month . ④My friends haven’t visited me _______ my birthday. ⑤We haven’t used our car _____a long time . ⑥She hasn’t h ad a good cup of coffee ____ years. ⑦Tom has worn glasses _______he was 7 years old.
初中英语时态讲解(完整版)
英语时态讲解 1. 一般现在时的应用 (1) 表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。常用频度副sometimes, often, always, usually, seldom 以及时间副词 every day / night / week / month / year, in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at night 做状语。如： He often stays up late. 他常熬夜。 We go home every month. 我们每月都要回家。 I watch TV at night. 我晚上看电视。 (2) 表示客观真理或永恒的状态。如： The earth travels round the sun. 地球绕太阳旋转。 Trees turn green in spring. 春天树木变绿。 Liquid turns into gas when it is hot enough. 足够热时，液体变为气体。 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 (3) 现阶段的状态。常跟时间副词now连用。如： He lives in Beijing now. 他现在住在北京。 She is at home. 她在家。 They work in that factory. 他们在那家工厂工作。 (4) 习惯性的爱好或行为。如： I like dancing while she likes singing. 我喜欢跳舞，而她喜欢唱歌。 We get up at six. 我们六点起床。 He studies very hard. 他学习很刻苦。 (5) 表示已经计划、安排好了或时间表上所安排，并且一定要做的事情。用于这种句型的动词主要是瞬间动词：come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, stop, close, open等。如： The train arrives at five past eight and leaves at ten past eight. 火车八点过五分到，八点过十分
初中英语完成时态讲义+习题
语法专项二十三——现在完成时 一、过去分词 1、概念：过去分词是分词的一种。规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加ed构成，不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动 词表。 2、过去分词变化规则： 规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则： 。（然而要注意的是，过去分词并不是过去式） (1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed ” work---worked---worked,visit---visited---visited 。 结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d ” (2)以不发音的“e” live---lived---lived (3)以“辅音字母+ y ” 。 结尾的动词，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“ed ” study---studied---studied,cry---cried---cried,try---tried---tried,fry---fried---fried. 。 (4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ” stop---stopped---stopped,drop---dropped--dropped 不规则动词，见不规则表 （1）AAA型：即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。（共8个 cost—cost—cost cut—cut—cut hit—hit—hit hurt—hurt—hurt let—let—let put—put—put read—read—read set-set-set （2）ABB型：过去式、过去分词相同。（共42个） 1）．过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。（4个） bring—brought—brought buy—bought—bought think—thought—thought fight—fought—fought 2）．词尾有-ild，-end时，只需把d变为t。（4个） build—built—built lend—lent— lent send—sent—sent spend—spent— spent 3）．过去式、过去分词都含有-aught。（2个） catch—caught—caught teach—taught—taught 4）．把-eep、-eel变为-ept、-elt。（4个） keep—kept—kept sleep—slept—slept sweep— swept—swept feel—felt— felt 5）．把-ell变为-old。（2个） tell—told—told sell—sold—sold 6）．把-ell、-ill变为-elt或-ilt。（2个） smell—smelt—smelt spell—spelt—spelt 7）．把-eed、-ead、-eet变为-ed或-et。（3个） feed—fed—fed lead—led—led meet—met—met 8）．过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。（4个） learn—learnt—learnt mean—meant—meant burn—burnt—burnt dream—dreamt—dreamt 9）．过去式、过去分词词尾去y变-id（4个） say—said—said pay—paid—paid lay—laid—laid hear—heard—heard 10）．改变元音字母。（9个） meet—met—met feed—fed—fed get—got—got sit—sat—sat find—found—found hold—held—held win—won—won lose—lost—lost stick—stuck—stuck 11）．改变辅音字母。（4个） make—made—made build—built—built send—sent—sent spend—spent—spent 12）．改变元、辅音字母。（4个） leave—left—left stand—stood—stood have/has—had—had understand—understood—understood