21世纪大学实用英语综合教程(第二册)课后答案UNIT6
Unit Six
陈雪雷整理
比利
杰夫·迈克马伦
所有重大的战役都是在自己内心进行的。——谢尔登·考格斯
数年前（1983—1987），我有机会为麦当劳公司扮演吉祥小丑罗纳德·麦当劳的角色。我的市场范围涵盖亚利桑那州的大部分地区和南加州的部分地区。
我们例行的活动之一便是“罗纳德日”。每个月中的某一天，我们都要探访尽可能多的社区医院，给那个谁也不想去的地方带去一点快乐。能为正在经历“消沉时期”的大人和孩子带去一点欢乐，我感到十分自豪。从活动中感受到的温暖和喜悦一连几周萦绕在我身边。我喜欢这个项目，麦当劳公司喜欢这个项目，孩子和大人喜欢这个项目，护理人员及医务人员也喜欢这个项目。
每次探访我都受到两条规定的限制。第一，没有麦当劳员工以及医院工作人员的陪同，我不得在医院随意走动。这样，如果我走进某个病房吓着了孩子，旁边就会有人及时处理这一问题。第二，我不得用身体接触医院里的任何人。他们可不希望我把病菌从一个病人传播到另一个病人身上。我能理解他们实施“不准触摸”这一规定的理由，可我并不喜欢它。我认为触摸是我们所能知道的最真诚的交流方式。书面文字、口头语言都可以撒谎，热烈的拥抱是不可能撒谎的。
我被告知，违反其中任何一条规定都意味着我会失去这份工作。
我的“罗纳德日”进行到第四年年末的某一天，已经一整天涂着油彩的我走在医院的走廊上，正准备回家，这时传来一阵轻轻的叫喊声：“罗纳德，罗纳德。”
我停了下来。那微弱的、细细的声音来自一间半掩着门的病房。我推开房门，只见一个5岁上下的小男孩躺在他爸爸的怀里，身上连着的医疗仪器之多是我平生未曾见到过的。妈妈在另一头，旁边还有爷爷、奶奶和一位监护仪器的护士。
病房里的气氛使我知道病人的情况很严重。我问小男孩叫什么名字，他告诉我他叫比利，随后我为他变了些简单的戏法。当我后退着道别时，我问比利我还能为他做些什么。
“罗纳德，你愿意抱抱我吗？”
如此简单的一个请求。可我脑子里想到的却是我如果碰了他，便会丢掉工作。因此我告诉比利我此刻不能抱他，但提议和他一起给一幅图画着色。在完成了我俩都引以为豪的一件绝妙的艺术作品之后，比利再次要我抱抱他。这一
次，我的心在喊“抱抱他！”而我的理智却以更高的声音在喊:“不行！你要丢饭碗的。”
比利第二次叫我抱抱他时，我不得不思考为什么我就不能答应一个可能永远回不了家的小男孩的简单的请求呢。我问自己，为什么我会被以前从未见过、也许永远也不会再见的一个人在理智和感情上弄得心烦意乱、左右为难呢。
“抱一抱我。”这是非常简单的一个请求，然而……
Your success today may be significant to your whole future.
October 1, 1949 is a significant day in modern Chinese history.
The city is waging a campaign against drunk driving.
multinational corporation
Microsoft Corporation
British Broadcasting Corporation
I put a portion of my salary in a savings account each month.
Seat belts are now standard on all new cars.
The events that led to the war were complex and numerous.
The program reviewed the most important events of the year.
Teachers find gratification in the success of their students.
a nursing school
She’s going to take three nursing courses next semester.
The hotel has a staff of about 100.
The teaching staff of the school is excellent.
Some rights have been restricted by the new law.
You must restrict your smoking.
I can’t find my wallet anywhere.
You can go anywhere you want.
The company had to fire half of its personnel to save money.
express a view on political issues
What issue are Linda and her husband arguing about?
The office has been transferred to Room 1618.
She’s been transferred to our Paris branch.
The students were asked to print out their essays.
Fix a hook on the wall.
Hook the rope to the boat and pull hard.
medical examination
medical college
medical equipment
There is a grave risk of flooding.
Once he played a trick on his teacher, something none of the other students dared to do.
A feeling of despair ran through him.
An idea ran through my mind.
I suggest we should go to see a movie.
grant a favor / request
The minister granted the journalist an interview.
a logical conclusion
I demand a logical explanation for your behavior.
5
1. waging
2. standard
3. community
4. issues
5. project
6. transferred
7. significant
8. experiences
9. personnel 10. medical
6
1. hooked up
2. right now
3. torn apart
4. ran through
5. along with
6. stepped back
7. walked into
8. stayed with
7
1. I love Yao Ming for his modesty and so does my girlfriend.
2. Frank quickened his steps and so did Henry.
3. Jane bought a copy of Love Story and so did all the other girls.
4. I am confident that the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be a great success. So am I.
5. If your brother Adam can do it, so can I.
6. I’d love to go to Shanghai to see the World Expo in the year 2010. So would I.
8
1. Instead of ordering an advance, the general commanded that the soldiers retreat immediately.
2. We propose that Louis be appointed chairman and chief executive of IBM Corp.
3. The patient has requested that the doctor discontinue treatment, but the doctor has ignored his request.
4. The police chief ordered that parking be prohibited on Main Street during rush hours.
5. David demanded that he be told the truth about what had happened to his beloved son.
9
1. Xiao Zhang was knocked off his bicycle by a taxi on his way home from school.
2. Katharine is very proud of her husband’s achievements in medical research.
3. When I asked Billy if there was anything else I could do for him, he again asked me to hold him.
4. I fully understood why they had these two restrictions placed on me, but
I really didn’t like them.
5. I am sorry I can not grant your request right now. I have to talk it over with our manager.
6. Since she lost her job a number of years ago, Helen has been looking forward to being employed again by the MacDonald’s Cor poration.
10
1. The criminal was punished.
2. Special attention must be paid to this important issue.
3. She was made fun of at the party.
4. Is the house cleaned regularly?
5. Lost time must be made up for.
6. He was found innocent of all charges.
7. You have been told the truth.
8. My report will be sent to you by Tom.
9. English is spoken almost all over the world.
10. A fine has to be paid if the books are not returned to the library on time or renewed before they are due.
比利（续）
杰夫·迈克马伦
我搜寻着能够让我离开的任何合理的回答，却一个也找不到。半晌，我才意识到在这种情况下，丢掉饭碗也许并不是我所惧怕的灾难。
难道丢掉饭碗是世界上最糟糕的事情吗？
我是否有足够的自信，如果真的丢掉饭碗，我能振作起来重新开始呢？回答是一个响亮、勇敢、坚定的“是”，我能振作起来重新开始。
那么风险何在呢？
只不过是如果丢了饭碗，可能不久我便会失去我的车子，继而是我的房子……说实话，我真的喜欢这些东西。但我意识到在我的生命尽头，车子将毫无价值，房子同样也毫无价值。唯一具有不变价值的东西是经历。一旦我提醒自己我来医院的真正目的就是为了给一个不快乐的环境带去一点快乐，我便意识到其实我根本没有面临任何风险。
我把孩子的爸爸、妈妈、爷爷、奶奶送出病房，让我的两个麦当劳陪同人员回到面包车上。监护医疗仪器的护士留下了，但比利叫她面对墙角而立。然后我俯身抱起这个精灵般的小人儿。他是如此的虚弱，如此的惊恐。我们又哭又笑地过了45分钟，谈论着让他担忧的那些事情。
比利担心没有他带路，明年他的小弟弟从幼儿园回家会迷路。他担心他的狗再也找不到骨头吃，因为他在回医院前把骨头藏在了家里的什么地方，而现在却想不起到底藏在哪儿了。
这些就是一个知道自己回不了家的小男孩所担心的事情。
离开病房时，我脸上化装用的油彩被泪水浸湿,顺颈而下。我给孩子的父母留下了我的真实姓名和电话号码（对一个扮演罗纳德·麦克唐纳的员工而言，这又是一个自动解雇的理由，但我想我肯定是要走的，而且也不会因此失去
什么），并告诉他们如果有什么事情是麦当劳公司或我本人能够做的，给我来个电话就行了。这之后不到48个小时，我就接到比利母亲的来电。她告诉我比利已经去世。她和她丈夫只是想感谢我给他们孩子的生活带来了变化。
比利的母亲告诉我那天我离开病房后不久，比利看着她说：“妈妈，我今年就是见不到圣诞老人我也不在乎了，因为罗纳德抱过我了。”
有时，我们必须做眼前应该做的事情，而不应顾及意识到的风险。只有经历才有价值，而人们约束其经历的最大原因就是经历中包含的风险。
必须申明的是，麦当劳公司还是发现了比利和我的事，但考虑到当时的情况，还是允许我保留了工作。我在继续扮演罗纳德角色一年后才离开了麦当劳公司，开始向人们讲述比利的故事，告诉人们冒险有多么重要。
14
1. response
2. informed
3. risk
4. value
5. limit
6. permitting
7. involved
8. bold
9. perceive 10. retain
15
1. to be honest with you
2. shortly after
3. searching for
4. pick up
5. come up with
6. find out
7. regardless of
8. Given the circumstances
（完）
21世纪大学英语第2册课后翻译标准答案
21世纪大学英语第2册课后翻译答案【Unit1】 1、老伴60多岁中风去世时，那位72岁的退休教授不胜悲痛。无人依靠的生活对他来说将是非常困难的。 When his wife died of a stroke in her sixties the 72-year-old retired professor was overwhelmed by grief. Life would be too difficult for him without anybody to rely on. 2、两位业余画家上个月在伦敦举办了一次个人画展。许多人前去参观，其中包括一些著名的专业画家。 Last month two amateur painters held an exhibition of their pictures in London. Many people went to see it including a few celebrated professionals. 3、当20世纪80年代中期，7名宇航员在“挑战者”号的灾难中遇到困难时，全世界一下子陷入了震惊与悲痛之中。
When seven astronauts died in the Challenger disaster in the mid-1980s it plunged the whole world into shock and grief. 4、在结束了其第二届首相任期之后，她仍积极参与政治事务。当政府遇到困难时，她屡次前来帮忙。 After completing her second prime ministry she remained actively involved in political affairs. She came to the rescue several times when the government was in difficulty. 5、大选失败之后，史密斯博士隐退到一个小村庄，在那里尝试工作。After his failure in the election campaign Dr. Smith retired to a small village where he tried his hand at farming. 6、只要你一辈子不停地努力工作，你在回忆里往事时就会感到心满意足的。 As long as you keep working hard all your life you will recall your past with a glow of satisfaction.
大学语文课后习题答案整理(2)
一黄州新建小竹楼记 1、本文抒发了作者怎样的情感？从那些语言中可以看出他坚贞自守、不甘沉沦的精神？ 本文抒发了作者多次被贬谪的愤懑不平的情感，文中虽多次写贬谪生活的幽趣盎然，看似怡然自得没实际上却透露出落寞惆怅、愤懑不平的情感。 有抒发了作者内心的恬静和坚持自己的人格操守，文中多写谪居生活之闲适情趣，“披鹤蹩”、“戴华阳帽”、“执《周易》”如此种种，都表现出作者内心的恬静，又以“齐云、落星”等楼和竹楼对比，写出了作者坚持自己人格操守的情感。止于贮妓女，藏歌舞，非骚人之事，吾所不取。四年之间，奔走不暇，未知明年又在何处，其居住楼之易巧乎？ 2、分析竹楼在文中的象征意义： 答：在文中，围绕着主楼之“易朽”与“不朽”展开讨论，表达了这样的象征意义；竹楼的形质固然会很快朽腐，但贬居于竹楼中的仁人志士们的品格境界确是不朽的！这是本文的主旨，也是其人文精神价值之所在。 二祭十二郎文 1、古人说，“情真自然成至文”。以本文为例，谈谈你的体会。 答：本文是韩愈侄儿韩老成英年早逝，韩愈哀痛欲绝，血泪和墨写下此篇祭文，文章感人至深，是其情意的真挚与深切，无论是追忆叔侄俱幼是“未尝一日相离”的童稚旧事，还是历数成年后两人几度离合的因由衷曲；无论是坦陈“生不能相养以共居”的迁就悔恨，还是直抒“呜呼哀哉”的深切悲痛，字字句句都是从肺腑中流出而浸透着骨肉亲情。尤其是“死而有知，其几何离？其无知，悲不几时，而不悲者无穷期矣“几句，悲痛之至已如痴如醉，情意何等真切！而本文亦为韩愈的手写稿，非刻意而为，写真情，诉琐碎，情之真挚、深切，至文自然而成。 2、韩愈对老成死讯的将信将疑，是否可以看出来他对侄儿的一往情深？请具体分析说明。 答：“呜呼！其信然耶？其梦邪？其传之者非其真耶？”可以看出韩愈对老成的死将信将疑，一会儿似在做梦，一会儿似真的发生，而在对老成的死将信将疑，表现的是韩愈对老成的死的事实不能接受或不想接受，叔侄二人自幼相伴朝夕，情同兄弟，韩会夫妇死后叔侄二人更是唇齿相依，相濡以沫，将信将疑之中饱含了韩愈的不舍与悲痛，足可以见得他对侄儿一往情深。 三、长恨歌 1、第四段对刻画杨玉环的形象及表现“长恨“的主旨有何作用？ 答：第四段写杨贵妃对李的忠贞不渝之情，“闻道汉家天子使”以下诸句, 写杨贵妃的震惊、激动、惶惑、急切、悲楚、委屈、感激等诸般感触，生动的写出了杨贵妃的心理活动，刻画了她美丽风姿和神登仙界后依然对玄宗忠贞不渝的形象。 而本段的一系列情节，使诗波澜再起，生面别开，而且还在皇帝身上此写出了如常人一般的真切情感，大大加重了故事的悲剧气氛，强化了“长恨”的主旨。 2、第三段玄宗思念贵妃的有关描写，对故事情节的发展有什么作用？ 答：第三段“夕殿萤飞思悄然”以下几句，写唐玄宗从傍晚到入夜、到夜
大学英语1教材答案
Unit 1 Vocabulary 1.F ill in the gaps with words……. 1). Respectable 2).agony 3).put down 4).sequence 5).hold back 6).distribute 7).off and on 8).vivid 9).associate 10).finally 11).turn in/out 12).tackle 2. Rewrite each sentence…… 1)…has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office. 2)….was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not. 3)….a clear image of how she would look in twenty years’ time. 4)….gave the command the soldiers opened fire. 3. Complete the sentences… 1).reputation; rigid; to inspire 2).and tedious; What’s more; out of date ideas 3).compose; career; avoid showing; hardly hold back Ⅱ. Synonyms in Context
https://www.360docs.net/doc/b15922234.html,posed 2.severe 3.agony 4.extraordinary 5.recall https://www.360docs.net/doc/b15922234.html,mand 7.was violating 8.anticipate Ⅲ.Collocation 1.at 2.for 3.of 4.with 5.as 6.about 7.to 8.in; in 9.from 10.on/upon Comprehensive Exercises Ⅰ.Cloze Text-related (1).hold back (2).tedious (3).scanned (4).recall (5).vivid (6).off and on (7).turn out/in (8).career Theme-related (1).last (2).surprise (3).pull (4).blowing (5). dressed (6).scene (7).extraordinary (8).image (9).turn (10).excitement Ⅱ.Translation 1.A s it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to. 2.H is girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took
大学语文课后习题答案
《樊迟、仲弓问仁》 一、简述孔子仁学思想的主要内涵。 “仁”的思想是孔子思想的核心。从本文所辑录的内容来看，“仁”体现了人与人之间彼此相爱的伦理关系——“爱人”。孔子将“仁”确定为最基本的社会关系准则，并围绕“爱人”的内涵，构造了仁学的思想体系。孔子的“仁”还包括“己所不欲，勿施于人”的忠恕之道。这就是推己及人：别人与自己一样是人，因而应当像尊重自己一样地尊重别人。所以“恕”其实也就是“爱人”之仁。孔子从未给“仁”一个固定不变的定义，而是在不同场合，针对不同对象，结合具体事例谈论“仁”的具体表现形式。所以，只有对相关内容进行综合理解，才能全面了解与把握“仁”所具有的本质特性。 二、从本文节选的内容可以看出《论语》的语言具有哪些特色？语句简洁，文辞闲雅，意蕴丰厚。 三、《论语》对今天的我们，是否还有学习、择取的价值？ 孔子思想包罗万象，博大精深，中国文化发展的所有丰富性特征都可以从孔子那里找到根源。《论语》集中地体现了孔子的思想，内容十分广泛，涉及人类社会生活问题的各个方面，对中华民族的心理素质及道德行为起到过重大影响。《论语》中虽有些许糟粕或消极之处，但它所反映出来的两千多年前的社会人生精论，富有哲理的名句箴言，是中华民族文明程度的历史展示。今天我们对自己的民族精神及传统文化进行重新反思，这一民族文化的精粹，更值得人们重新认识和探索它的不朽价值。
《兼爱》 一、比较儒家“仁爱”与墨家“兼爱”思想的异同。 在先秦诸子，中墨家学派，可谓是与孔孟儒学比肩而立的两大思想流派。儒家讲“仁爱”，墨家讲“兼爱”，成为古代人道主义思想的两种主要形态。他们共同的地方是都提出”爱人”的主张。不同的是，儒家仁爱建立在“亲亲”的血缘关系的基础上，认为只有在爱有差等的前提下，才谈得上“老吾老以及人之老，幼吾幼以及人之幼”。墨家反对儒家仁爱理论中的那种分亲疏、分等差、分厚薄、由近及远的仁爱思想。墨家认为，这种有差别的爱，正是造成天下之人不相爱的根本原因所在。 二、本文在语言与说理方面有何特色。 语言质朴充实，不重文采。文辞不加修饰，能就近取譬，浅近通俗，重在以理服人。说理具有严密的逻辑力量论辩一气呵成，气势非凡。 三、今天应如何看待墨子的兼爱思想？ 墨子认为，兼爱互利是为治之道“兼相爱”并不否定自爱，而是把自爱与相爱结合起来，力求使自利与互利两不偏废，在这种爱意融融的相互义务性关系中，天下才能实现和谐、富足。墨子的这种兼爱思想是一种达致和谐的崇高理想，至今仍有其不可抹煞的思想内涵和现实意义，特别是对当今中国构建和谐社会具有重要的启迪意义。 《齐桓晋文之事》 一、谈谈你对孟子“仁政”思想的理解。
大学英语unit-6课后练习答案
Text comprehension I. C II. 1. T; 2. F; 3. F; 4. T; 5. T. III. 1. Para.2: whether they should have a second child. 2. Para.2&3: feel lonely; be more spoiled. 3. Para.4: A third of the population in Japan will be aged 65 or over by 2020. 4. Para.5: because the cost of supporting a child up to the age of 18 is around US$160,000. 5. Para.6: favoritism or sibling jealousy; less quality time and attention to children; decreased self-esteem and self-confidence. 6. No. No simple answer. Circumstances vary from family to family. IV. 1. As for the issue of single children, people are often concerned about whether an only child necessarily means a lonely child. 2. Some single-child parents feel they are too busy with their work to spend time and energy on a second child. Consequently, they choose to have no more children. 3. The conditions affecting each couple vary from family to family. I . Vocabulary I Phrase practice 1. demanding jobs= jobs needing a lot of attention or effort 费力的工作 2. with regard to = in connection with; on the subject of 关于，至于 3. stigma =sign of shame; feeling of being ashamed 耻辱，受到侮辱 4. give-and-take =willingness of each person to satisfy others’ wishes 妥协，互让 5. declined = decreased 6. sibling jealousy = the feeling of wanting to get what sb else has among brothers and sisters II.
大学英语教程课后答案
新视野大学英语第四册课后答案 Unit 1 III. 1. idle 2. justify 3. discount 4. distinct 5. minute 6.accused 7. object 8. contaminate 9. sustain 10. worship IV. 1. accusing... of 2. end up 3. came upon 4. at her worst 5. pa: 6. run a risk of 7. participate in 8. other than 9. object to/objectedV 1. K 2. G 3. C 4. E 5. N 6.0 7.1 8. L 9. A 10. D Collocation VI. 1. delay 2. pain 3. hardship 4. suffering 5. fever 6. defeat 7. poverty 8. treatment 9. noise 10. agony Word building VII. 1. justify 2. glorify 3. exemplifies 4. classified 5. purified 6. intensify 7. identify 8. terrified VIII. 1. bravery 2. jewelry 3. delivery 4. machinery 5. robbery 6. nursery 7. scenery 8. discovery sentence Structure
IX. 1. other than for funerals and weddings 2. other than to live an independent life 3. other than that they appealed to his eye . . ` 4. but other than that, he'll eat just about everything . 5. other than that it's somewhere in the town center X. 1. shouldn't have been to the cinema last night 2. would have; told him the answer 3. they needn't have gone at all 4. must have had too much work to do 5. might have been injured seriously XIII. 1．B 2.A 3.C 4.D 5. B 6.A 7.B 8.A 9. C 10.A II．D 12.C 13. D 14.A 15. C 16.D 17.B 18.C I9. A 20.D Unit 2 Section A Comprehension o f the text 1. He lived a poor and miserable life during his childhood. 2.Because no one in Britain appeared to appreciate his talent for comedy.His comic figures did not conform to British standards.
21世纪大学英语第二册答案
第一单元 Text Comprehension II． 1. It was a military campaign in which many soldiers died. The effects on Churchill were () he lost his political position and he was overwhelmed with grief. 2. He felt so inspired to paint that he was distracted from his personal problems. 3. His sister-in-law?s painting inspired him to try his hand at it; his wife rushed out to buy all the materials he would need; and the wife of Sir John Lavery helped him overcome his fear of the blank canvas. 4. The blank whiteness of the c anvas made him feel he didn?t know where to begin. This nervousness was not typical of Churchill, who was known publicly as a brave and strong-willed person. 5. Churchill was comparing the canvas to an opponent in a fight, and he could now see that he need not fear his “adversary”. 6. He meant that Churchill would have been a great painter, just as he was a great politician. 7. It was his great comfort when the death of his mother was followed quickly by the death of his daughter. 8. Because the judges suspected that it was not painted by an amateur; they were later surprised and delighted because Churchill was not just a famous political figure but also a talented untrained artist. 9. No, she considers that decade an artistically fruitful one. 10. He meant that painting was like a friend who never betrayed or abandoned him. This seems to suggest that he often felt lonely, misunderstood and/or disappointed in his relationship with other people. V ocabulary III. 1.artistic 2.overcome 3.infinite 4.plunged 5.mission 6.camgpain 7.revived 8.distract 9.accustomed 10.retreat 11.precaution 12. disastrous IV. 1. delighted with 2. bore fruit 3. kept Clementine company 4. rely on 5. take refuge 6. awaken people to 7. pay the price 8. chanced upon; dated from 9. tried his hand at 10. fell upon; came to her rescue Word Building V. 1. broadens the mind 2. weakened 3. sweeten Diet Coke 4.hardens 5. strengthen 6. deepen your understanding of the course materiall 7. sharpen the kitchen knives 8. reddened 9. brighten; quickens 10. lightened VI. 1. lucky 2. wealthy 3. tasty 4. icy 5. wavy 6. smelly 7. sleepy 8. noisy (smelly is also plausible) 9. healthy 10. sunny Structure VII. 1. Amazed at the great changes that are taking place in shanghai, many foreign visitors leave
大学语文课后题答案
一、《寡人之于国也》 1.概括本文所体现的孟子王道政治的主要内容 （1）富民、爱民，以民为本的思想。（2）反对暴政，提倡仁政。 （3）反对兼并战争，提倡以仁政来统治天下 2.文章是以什么为线索展开论述的？ 围绕“民不加多”和如何使“民加多”这一线索 3.本文抑扬兼施、循循善诱的说理方法表现在什么地方？ 答：先批评梁惠王的治国方法不当，然后再提出实行王道的具体措施。在阐述实行王道的具体措施时，采取先易后难、步步推进的写法。 4.孟子用“五十步笑百步”的比喻来说明什么问题？ 说明梁惠王治国方法与邻国没有质的差别。 二、《秋水》 1.本文的主旨是什么？在客观上有何思想意义？ 主旨是在无限广大的宇宙中，个人的认识和作为，是十分有限的。启示人们不能囿于个人的见闻而自满自足，应该努力学习，不断上进。 2．试谈本篇中的景物描写对表现主旨所起的作用。 形象地渲染了“人的认识是有限的”这一文章的主旨。 3．举例说明本文善于援譬设喻的特色 1、井蛙不可以语于海者，拘于虚也；夏虫不可以语于冰者，笃于时也；曲士不可以语于道者，束于教也。 2、吾在天地之间，犹小石小木之在大山也。 3、计四海之在天地之间也，不似磊空之在大泽乎？ 4、计中国之在海内，不似稊米之在大仓乎？ 5、此其比万物也，不似毫末之在于马体乎？ 以上比喻说明人的认识，受条件和环境的制约，世间事物的大小都是相对的，人的认识是十分有限的。这些比喻以一个个具体生动的形象，把深奥而抽象地哲理表达的浅显易懂。 4.试分析本文的论证方法。 本文在说理方面有以下特色：（1）论证结构上，本文经过由小到大，再由大到小的逐层推进，这种逐层推进的论证结构很有说服力。（2）论证方法上，本文采用了寓言的形式，形象生动，又以类比法为主，用大量的比喻，生动形象地论证中心主旨。（3）语言修辞上，作者大量运用排比，反诘的修辞手法，造成了文章滔滔莽莽的气势，增强了说理的力量。 三、《五代史伶官传序》 1.本文的中心论点和有关警句对我们有什么启迪作用 中心论点是封建王朝的兴亡盛衰不在天命而在人事。 《尚书》的名言“满招损，谦得益”做理论根据，然后指出“忧劳可以兴国，逸豫可以亡身”的道理 2.试以本文第二段为例，说明作者是如何运用对比手法进行论证的。 第二段写庄宗李存勖兴衰成败的史实，在写法上欲抑先扬，先极力赞扬成功前的发奋，成功时意气的胸怀雄壮，再以迅疾的笔调写其衰败之速。在盛衰成败兴亡的鲜明对比中，通过盛与衰、兴与亡。得与失、成与败的强烈对比，发出庄宗历史悲剧的根由所在。 3识别文中所运用的理论论据和事实论据，并说明其作用。 历史事实做论据，文中第二段用大段篇幅写了后唐庄宗兴衰的过程。 理论论据，《尚书》名言“满招损，谦得益”。 四、《论毅力》 1.结合自身经验，谈谈本文所说道理有何启发意义？ 现代年轻人依赖性强，意志薄弱，锻炼自己意志。提高毅力，是当今时代获得成功的必要条件之一。 2.本文如何在论证过程中贯串正反对举方法的？请作具体分析。 中心论点：“有毅力者成，反是者败”。
现代大学英语精读1unit6课后练习答案
现代大学英语精读1U n i t6课后练习答 案 -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1
Unit 6 Preview 1. Listen to the recording of the text and choose the statement that best reflects your understanding. 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. D Vocabulary 1. Become familiar with the rules of word formation. 1. Give the corresponding nouns for the following verbs. 1. strain 7. realization 13. assurance 2. teasing/tease 8. burial 14. astonishment 3. dawn 9. scattering/scatter 15. expectation 4. Death 10. grasp 16.insurance 5. leak 11. appreciation 17. reflection 6. inspection 12. flight 18. belief 2. Give the corresponding verbs for the following nouns. 1. stream 6. Accept 2. state 7. encounter 3. relate 8. Collect 4. form 9. radiate 5. recognize 10. identify 3. Decide whether the missing letter is e, o or a. （注意：在不发音的e结尾的动词后面加er, or或ar时，应先删去该字母e；在以重读闭音节结尾的动词后面加er, or或ar时，如结尾只有一个辅音，则该辅音必须双写。） 1. reporter 10. supporter 19. composer 2. professor 11. visitor 20. interpreter 3．Editor 12.1iar 21.beggar 4．Adviser 13. seller 22. sailor 5．Robber 14. murderer 23. announcer 6. actor 15.traveler 24. manager 7. aggressor 16. scholar 25. invader 8. beginner 17. author 26. creator 9. passenger 18. successor 27. dealer 4. Translate the following expressions, paying attention to the different use of the suffix “-ful”. 1．令人羞愧的结果 10.带着哭腔；声泪俱下地 2．满满一碗米饭 11.吃一大口 3．色彩鲜艳的衣服 12.一厢情愿的想法 4．一个令人快乐的人 13.有希望的形势
21世纪大学英语2答案.doc
21 世纪大学英语 2 答案【篇一：《21 世纪大学英语》第二册课后翻译答案】 p class=txt>unit1 老伴60 多岁中风去世时，那位72 岁的退休教授不胜悲痛。无人依靠的生活对他来说将是非常困难的。 when his wife died of a stroke in her sixties, the 72-year-old retired professor was overwhelmed by grief. life would be too difficult for him without anybody to rely on. 两位业余画家上个月在伦敦举办了一次个人画展。许多人前去参观，其中包括一些著名的专业画家。 last month two amateur painters held an exhibition of their pictures in london. many people went to see it, including a few celebrated professionals. 当20 世纪80 年代中期，7 名宇航员在“挑战者”号的灾难中遇到困难时，全世界一下子陷入了震惊与悲痛之中。 when seven astronauts died in the challenger disaster in the mid-1980s, it plunged the whole world into shock and grief. 在结束了其第二届首相任期之后，她仍积极参与政治事务。当政府遇到困难时，她屡次前来帮忙。 after completing her second prime ministry, she remained actively involved in political affairs. she came to the rescue several times when the government was in difficulty. 大选失败之后，史密斯博士隐退到一个小村庄，在那里尝试工作。 after his failure in the election campaign, dr. smith retired to a small village, where he tried his hand at farming. 只要你一辈子不停地努力工作，你在回忆里往事时就会感到心满意足的。 as long as you keep working hard all your life, you will recall your past with a glow of satisfaction. 我们现在必须唤醒人们认识到环境保护的重要性。否则很快就为时太晚了。we must awaken people to the importance of environmental protection, or it will be too late. 那位官员因卷入一件政治丑闻而被撤职。如果早知会落到这般地步，他当初也许就会以不同的方式行事了。
大学语文(第三版) 课后练习题参考答案
《采薇》课后练习 1、诗的前三节主要表现了什么情感？它通过什么方式表现出来的？这样表现有什么好处？ 诗的前三节主要表现了士兵因久在前线而思念家乡的情绪；这种情绪是通过采摘不同季节的薇这一活动烘托出来的；由于采薇时间的持久性和连续性，让人感到士兵无时无刻不被思念家乡的痛苦折磨着，从而使全诗的思想感情得到了强化。 2、当兵服役、保家卫国是一个人对国家义不容辞的责任和义务，它既让人感到神圣和自豪，但同时又让人承受巨大的痛苦折磨，甚至要付出高昂的生命代价。试结合《采薇》这首诗的学习，谈谈你对这一问题的认识和看法。 《采薇》中表现了士兵对敌人入侵使自己不能安居乐业强烈不满，体现了大敌当前、国家民族利益高于一切，个人与国家同仇敌忾的爱国主义思想感情，这一点值得我们仔细体会学习。国家民族危难之际，无论何时，无论何人，都应把国家利益放在第一位，随时随地接受国家的召唤。当兵服役，保家卫国，这是一个人对国家义不容辞的责任和义务，每个人都应为此感到神圣和骄傲。 另一方面，战争又是残酷的，参加战争的人要承受巨大的痛苦折磨，甚至要付出高昂的生命代价，这一点在《采薇》中也有深刻的反映。这一点既让我们在心理上对战争的本质有清醒的认识，更激励我们努力争取和珍惜和平的好时光。 3、“昔我往矣，杨柳依依。今我来思，雨雪霏霏”这四句为什么会成为千古名句？分析这四句诗的抒情特点。 1、原因主要有：①用生动的形象写出了丰富的内容和复杂的感情。②把多种修辞手法成功熔在一起：⑴对仗工整；⑵叠字（依依、霏霏）形象生动；⑶借代（用杨柳依依代指春天，雨雪霏霏代指冬天）准确而形象⑷对比（阳春与寒冬）鲜明。③文字雅俗共赏。 这四句诗里含有两个典型画面，一是春天里微风轻吹，柳枝飘拂的画面，一是寒冬时节雪花纷飞的画面，抒情主人公的感情就蕴涵在这两个画面中，而没有明说出来。这样，以景写情，情景交融，显得既富于形象性，又含而不露，耐人寻味，给读者的欣赏活动创造了很大的空间。 清人王夫之在《姜斋诗话》里这样评价这四句诗：“以乐景写哀，以哀景写乐，一倍增其哀乐。”也就是说当初离家出征的时候，心里是悲伤的，却用杨柳春风这样的明媚春光来反衬；如今走在回家的路上，心里是高兴的，却用大雪纷飞这样的严寒景象来反衬。王夫之认为走在回乡路上的士卒心里是“乐”的，这种理解未必正确。这位士卒一直非常牵挂家里，心里非常痛苦，当他终于能够结束服役回家的时候，他的心里不只是单纯的高兴，而是百感交集。他希望马上能回到家中，与家人团聚，而同时又会不由自主地担心家里发生什么不好的事情，因为自己离开家已经很久了。因此，从这个角度看，“杨柳依依”和“雨雪霏霏”的对比给他一种不胜今昔之感，正符合此时他复杂的感情。 2、这四句诗通过融情入景和对比的方法，把感情表达得更深刻、形象、含蓄。其中2、4两句分写乐和哀，分别拟喻国家的和平安宁与破败纷乱，两相对比，足见主人公前后感情心理变化之大，以及战争给国家带来的灾难；1、3两句，前句当哀不哀，强化了战士的参战心情和决心，后句当乐不乐，强化了战争对国家和人民的摧残。 4、解释下列各句中加点的字，注意这些字的用法： 1.曰归曰归，岁亦莫．止。读mò,同“暮”,一年将尽的意思。 2.我心伤悲，莫．知我哀。没有谁。 3.今我来思，雨．雪霏霏。读yù，下，降落，用作动词。 4.行道迟迟，载．渴载饥。又……又……。 5.忧心孔．疚，我行不来。很、甚。 6.我戍未定，靡．使归聘。无，没有。 《山鬼》思考练习题 1、屈原为什么会受到全世界人民的尊敬？谈谈你对屈原的认识和了解。 屈原是中国古代最伟大的爱国志士和诗人，他崇高无私的爱国精神受到了全世界人民的尊敬，每年五月端午这一天，许多国家和民族包棕子、划龙船，以纪念这位伟大的爱国诗人。作为一位卓有才华的政治家和诗人，无论国家怎样对待他，无论自己的处境多么艰难，他都一心一意热爱着自己的祖国，决不向黑暗邪恶低头妥协，宁死不肯离开自己的祖国，并用诗歌将自己的心声记录下来，让千秋万代的人们感受他的思想和情感，这就是屈原为什么受到全世界人民尊敬的原因。 2、山鬼是一个怎样的形象？分析诗中山鬼感情变化的轨迹？ 诗中的山鬼是一个美丽痴情的女子形象，她怀着对爱情的美好愿望，精心打扮准备，在凄风苦雨中痴痴等待自己的爱人，为此承受了巨大的喜悦和痛苦。作者屈原通过塑造这一形象，表现了人类对美好爱情的热烈追求和忠贞态度，也寄托着自己虽遭流放而心中依然苦苦思念关心楚国、楚王的高尚爱国热情。 诗中第一节，山鬼在赴约途中的感情是喜悦、兴奋的；第二节，随着等待时间的不断延迟，天空黑暗下来，天上刮起了风、下起了雨，这时山鬼的心情也变得暗淡下来，发出了岁月不饶人的感慨；第三节，山鬼一方面对自己的纯洁和忠贞行为感到自豪，对对方迟迟不至的行为自我宽解，但另一方面，随着时间的不断迁移，她渐渐开始对自己的宽解产生了怀疑，这种怀疑伴随着雷电和暴风雨的加强逐渐加深，最终使她陷入了因爱人迟迟不来而带来的极度孤独和忧愁中。诗人通过山鬼从兴奋到忧愁这一心理过程的变化，真实反映了爱情给人带来的缠绵、痛苦和折磨。 3、将这首诗与《诗经·采薇》对照，结合过去学过的其他作品，说说屈原的诗歌和《诗经》有什么不同。 主要表现在：《诗经》侧重于写实，重章叠句突出，语言朴素，民歌色彩很强，句式是以四言为主；而屈原的诗歌则侧重于表现理想，抒情性更强，语言富有变化和文采，句式则是每句七个字，且每句都有一个语气词“兮”字等。 4、、注意下面句子中加点字的意思及用法： （1）若有人兮山之阿，被薜荔兮带女萝。被：同“披”。
大学英语精读4 Unit6答案
大学英语精读第三版第四册Book4 Unit6答案 1) prelude 2) schedule 3) be in the way/get in the way 4) individuals 5) sequence 6) preserve 7) relevant 8) integrate 9) glide 10) inquiry 11) conscious 12) continual 13) Reading between the lines 14) sets of 15) original 1) resumed 2) transferred 3) manufactured 4) loosened 5) invariably 6) set down 7) restrain 8) literally 9) glided 10) magnificent 11) do good to 12) consists ... in 1) have dipped into 2) read through 3) picked up 4) left off 5) has thought through 6) reaching for 7) tied up 8) was marked up 9) consisted in/consists in 10) reduced to 1You mustn't let your social life get in the way of your studies.) 2) A good director is indispensable for a successful film.
大学英语课后练习答案
Unit 11. Vocabulary 1) insert 2) on occasion 3) investigate 4) In retrospect 5) initial 6) phenomena 7) attached 8) make up for 9) is awaiting 10) not …in the least 11) promote 12) emerged 2. Rewrite each sentence 1) There is a striking contrast between the standard of living in the north of the country and the south. 2) Natural fiber is said to be superior to synthetic fiber. 3) The city's importance as a financial center has evolved slowly. 4) His nationality is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer. 5) The poems by a little-known sixteenth-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines. 3. 1) Chinese isn't a subject that can be picked up in a month. You can't accomplish your goal of mastering the language unless you work at it for years. Well, it sounds as if I'm exag-gerating the difficulties, but the fact is I'm only telling the truth. 2) The principal is somewhat disappointed with the performance of the children. From what she has gathered, some of the teaching staff have neglected their pupils. She has just announced that strict work regulations have been made and that they apply to both Chinese and overseas teachers. 3) The teacher-directed and the child-directed approaches to teaching art represent two ex-tremes of opinion. Too many teacher-directed activities cannot be expected to effectively assist children in learning because of the rigid structure. On the other hand, too many child-directed activities may see a curriculum that is totally unstructured and out of con-trol. There are valid reasons to believe a teacher-guided approach would be a superior way to guide children's development. This approach combines some form of structure with the child leading the direction. II. Confusable Words 1. 1) continual 3) continual