小升初英语必考语法篇

小升初英语语法复习提纲

一、名词

可数名词：表示可以具体个别存在的人或物。可数名词有单复数形式，其单数形式与不定冠词a(n)连用。

可数名词复数规则：

1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, c a t-c a t s,b e d-b e d s

2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, b o x-b o x e s,b r u s h-b r u s h e s,w a t c h-w a t c h e s

3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：f a m i l y-f a m i l i e s,s t r a w b e r r y-s t r a w b e r r i e s

4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：k n i f e-k n i v e s 5．不规则名词复数：

m a n-m e n,w o m a n-w o m e n,p o l i c e m a n-p o l i c e m e n, p o l i c e w o m a n-p o l i c e w o m e n,m o u s e-m i c e

c h i l d-c h i l

d r

e n

f o o t-f e e t,t o o t h-t e e t h

f i s h-f i s h,p e o p l e-p e o p l e,s h e e p-s h e e p, C h i n e s e-C h i n e s e,J a p a n e s e-J a p a n e s e 不可数名词：表示不能个别存在的事物，如液体类，气体类的物质；少数固体类的物质（grass草，ice冰），抽象的名词（help帮助，music 音乐）。不可数名词没有复数（如some water）,不能与不定冠词连用。写出下列各词的复数

photo____________ diary____________ day_____________

dress____________thief__________yo-yo_________

peach_________juice_________water____________

rice______________ tea ______________ man____________

woman____________ banana ___________ bus___________ child

____________

foot _____________ sheep ____________ leaf(树叶) ________ dish ____________

knife _____________ pen____________ boy__________

baby___________

map _____________ city ____________ box __________ book

___________

class ____________ eye ____________ office ________

car____________

fox(狐狸) ___________ watch ____________ library ________ pear ___________

skirt ____________ shelf _____________ cinema __________ tomato _________

tooth ____________ wife____________ Englishman________ paper

__________

milk___________ Frenchman ___________ postman __________ family __________

mouse __________ people (人们) __________ fish _________ brush ________

mango __________ Japanese ____________ sandwich __________ policeman____________ watermelon______________

Chinese_____________

strawberry ___________ match _________________ glass __________ 二、一般现在时

一般现在时基本用法介绍

一般现在时的功能：

1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。

3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.

地球绕着太阳转。

3.一般现在时的构成：

1.be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

2.注意：（我用am，你用are，三单is，复数are。）

3.2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。

4.注意：（当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。）

5.一般现在时的变化：

1. be动词的变化。

肯定句：主语+be+其它。如：He is a worker. 他是工人。

否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。 He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。(be动词移到句首)

如：I am a student.

-Are you a student

-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。

如：My bike is under the tree.

Is your bike under the tree? Where is your bike?

2.行为动词的变化。

肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。

否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。

如：I like bread. I don't like bread.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。

如：He ofter plays football. He doesn't often play football.

一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。（句首加助动词do, does）

如：I often play football.

- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。

如：She goes to school by bike.

- Does she go to school by bike?

- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。

如：She goes to school by bike.

Does she go to school by bike

How does she go to school

动词+s的变化规则

1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks

2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies 一般现在时用法专练:

一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数

drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________

look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____

come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________

study_______ brush________do_________ teach_______

二、用am, is, are 填空

1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.

2. The girl______ Jack's sister.

3. The dog _______ tall and fat.

4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.

5. ______ your brother in the classroom

6. Where _____ your mother She ______ at home.

7. How _______ your father

8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.

9. Whose dress ______ this

10. Whose socks ______ they

11. That ______ my red skirt.

12. Who ______ I

jeans ______ on the desk.

______ a scarf for you.

15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.

16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.

17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.

18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.

19. Some tea ______ in the glass.

20. Gao Shan's shirt _______ over there.

21. My sister's name ______Nancy.

22. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil.

23. ______ David and Helen from England

24. There ______ a girl in the room.

25. There ______ some apples on the tree.

26. _______ there any kites in the classroom

27. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle

28. There _______ some bread on the plate.

29. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.

30. You, he and I ______ from China.

三、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.

2. David and Tom _______(be) in Class One.

3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.

4. Mike _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.

5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup

6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays

7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day

8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.

9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.

10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.

11. Mike _______(like) cooking.

12. They _______(have) the same hobby.

13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.

14. You always _______(do) your homework well.

15. I _______(be) ill. I'm staying in bed.

16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.

17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.

18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.

19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.

20. －What day _______(be) it today?

－ It’s Saturday.

四、按照要求改写句子

1. David watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________

2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)

________________________________________________________

3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)

_______________________________________________________

4. Helen likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)

_______________________________________________________

5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)

_______________________________________________________

6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________

7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)

________________________________________________________

8. Jim comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)

___________________________________________________

9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ______________________________________________________

10. Tom and David like going skating.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________

五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)

1. Is your brother speak English? __________________

2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________

3. He likes play games after class. __________________

4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________

5. She don't do her homework on Sundays. _________________

三、现在进行时

1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。（句中一般含有now, look, listen.）

2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.

如：Tom is reading books in his study .

3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。

如：Tom is reading books in his study .

Tom is not reading books in his study .

4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。

如：Tom is reading books in his study .

Is Tom reading books in his study

5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+一般疑问句（注意：当划线部分包含谓语动词时，用疑问词代替划线部分放到句首，原划线处应加上doing）

如：Tom is reading books in his study . Tom is reading books in his study .

Is Tom reading books in his study

Is Tom reading books in his study

What is Tom doing in his study Where is Tom reading books?

动词加ing的变化规则

1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking

2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting 3．如果末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的

辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping

现在进行时专项练习：

一、写出下列动词的现在分词：

play_____________ run______________ swim

_____________make______________

go______________ like____________ write_____________

_ski_____________

read_____________ have____________ sing _____________

dance___________

put______________ see____________ buy _____________

love____________

live___________ take______________ come _____________

get_____________

stop____________ sit _____________ begin____________

shop___________

二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：

boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.

2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .

3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.

4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?

5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .

____________(not ,water) the flowers now.

! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .

is our granddaughter doing

She _________(listen ) to music.

9. It's 5 o'clock now. We _____________(have)supper now (wash )clothes

Yes ,she is .

三、句型转换：

1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)

_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)

______________________________________________________________ ’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问) ______________________________________________________________ ___

4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)

______________________________________________________________ ___

四、将来时理论及练习

一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。

二、基本结构：

①be going to + do；如：I am going to go swimming tomorrow.

②will+ do. 如：I will go swimming tomorrow.

三、否定句：

在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。

如：I am going to go swimming tomorrow.→ I am not going to go

swimming tomorrow.

I will go swimming tomorrow. →I will not go swimming tomorrow.

四、一般疑问句：

be动词或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互

换。

如：I am going to go swimming tomorrow.→ Are you going to go

swimming tomorrow?

I will go swimming tomorrow. →Will you go swimming tomorrow?

五、对划线部分提问。(疑问词+一般疑问句)

一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。

1、问人。Who 例如：I am going to school.Tom will go to school.

Are you going to school? Will Tom go to school?

Who’s going to school?Who will go to school?

2、问干什么。What … do.

例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon.Is your father going to watch a race with you this afternoon.

What is your father going to do with you this afternoon？

My father will watch a race with me this afternoon.

Will your father watch a race with you this afternoon.

What will your father do with you this afternoon

3、问什么时候。When.

例如：She is going to swim at nine. She will swim at nine.

Is she going to swim at nine？ Will she swim at nine？

When is she going to swim？ When will she swim?

六、同义句：be going to = will (be going to 常指客观情况，will 常指主观情况)

I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.

一、改句子。

1. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）

Nancy ________ going to go camping.

2. I’ll go and join them.（改否定）

I _______ go ______ join them.

3. I'm going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）

________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow

4. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）

_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.

5. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）

________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school 6. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)

_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.

二、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Today is a sunny day. We _________________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.2. My brother ______________________ (go) to Shanghai next week.3. Tom often ____________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _________________ (go) to school by bike.4. What do you usually do at weekends I usually __________ (watch) TV and ____________(catch) insects 5. It's Friday today. What _____she ____________________ (do) this weekend She __________________ (watch) TV and (catch) insects.6. What ___________ (do) you do last Sunday I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm. What ____________________________ (do) next Sunday I ____________________ (milk) cows.7. Mary __________________________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.8. Liu Tao _______________________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.9. David __________________________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.10. I ____________________________ (plan) for my study now.

五、一般过去时

1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：

⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn't）

⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren't）

⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子

否定句：didn't +动词原形，如：Jim went home yesterday.

Jim didn't go home yesterday.

一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。

如：Jim went home yesterday. Did Jim go home yesterday?

特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+一般疑问句？如：Jim went home yesterday. Did Jim go home yesterday? What did Jim do yesterday?

动词过去式变化规则：

1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked

2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted

3．末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped

4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied

5．不规则动词过去式：

词义现在（原形）过去

是am, is (be)was ；是are (be)were ；成为becomebecame

开始beginbegan ；弯曲bendbent ；吹blowblew

买buybought ；能cancould ；捕捉catchcaught

选择choosechose ；来comecame ；切cutcut

做do, doesdid ；画drawdrew ；饮drinkdrank

吃eatate ；感觉feelfelt ；发现findfound

飞flyflew ；忘记forgetforgot；得到getgot

给givegave

走gowent ；成长growgrew ；有have, hashad

听hearheard ；受伤hurthurt ；保持keepkept

知道knowknew ；学习learnlearned, learnt 允许，让letlet 躺lielay ；制造makemade ；可以maymight

意味meanmeant ；会见meetmet ；必须mustmust

放置putput ；读readread ；骑、乘riderode

响、鸣ringrang ；跑runran ；说saysaid

看见seesaw ；将shallshould ；唱歌singsang

坐下sitsat ；睡觉sleepslept ；说speakspoke

度过spendspent ；扫sweepswept

过去时练习

写出下列动词的过去式

is\am_____________ fly____________ plant____________ are ____________

drink_____________ play___________ go______________ make ________

does_____________ dance__________ worry___________ ask ___________

taste_____________ eat____________ draw____________ put ____________

throw____________ kick___________ pass____________ do __________ Be动词的过去时练习（1）

一、用be动词的适当形式填空

1．I _______ at school just now.

2．He ________ at the camp last week.

3．We ________ students two years ago.

4．They ________ on the farm a moment ago.

5．Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.

6．There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.

7．There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.

8．The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.

二、句型转换

1. It was exciting.

否定句：________________________________________________

一般疑问句：____________________________________________

肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

2. All the students were very excited.

否定句：________________________________________________

一般疑问句：____________________________________________

肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

3. They were in his pocket.

否定句：________________________________________________

一般疑问句：____________________________________________

肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

Be动词的过去时练习（2）

一、用be动词的适当形式填空

1．I ______ an English teacher now.

2．She _______ happy yesterday.

3．They _______ glad to see each other last month.

4．Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.

5．The little dog _______ two years old this year.

6．Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.

7．There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday..

8．Today _______ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children's Day. All the students ______ very excited.

二、句型转换

1. There was a car in front of the house just now.

否定句：________________________________________________

一般疑问句：____________________________________________

肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

行为动词的过去时练习（1）

一、用行为动词的适当形式填空

1. He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.

2. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night.

3. We _______ (have) a party last Halloween.

4. Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.

5. I ________ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.

6. They ________ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.

7. My mother _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.

8. The girls ________ (sing) and _______ (dance) at the party.

二、句型转换

1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.

否定句：________________________________________________

一般疑问句：____________________________________________

肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

2.Nancy went to school early.

3.否定句：________________________________________________

4.一般疑问句：____________________________________________

5.肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

6.3. We sang some English songs.

7.否定句：________________________________________________

8.一般疑问句：____________________________________________

9.肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

10.行为动词的过去时练习（2）