山东专升本英语核心词汇
专升本—英语核心词汇（大全1）
1. able/ability/enable/unable/disable/disabled/disability
able的同根词用法一致,后接不定式。
比较：be able to do sth. / be capable of (doing) sth.
2. 动词词缀：en-+ adj./n.或adj./n.+/-en
enable/enlarge/enrich/encourage/brighten/widen/worsen/sharpen/strengthen/heighten/lengthen 3. abandon vt. 放弃，抛弃，放纵
abandon oneself to 纵情于，沉溺于(=be addicted to)
4. aboard adv. 在船（车）上，上船
abroad adv. 在国外，到国外
board n. 木板on board 在船上
broad adj. 宽的，宽阔的
5. absent adj. 不在的, 缺席的（反：present）
6. absolute adj. 完全的, 绝对的
7. absorb vt. 吸收, 吸引
be absorbed in 全神贯注于
8. abundant adj. 丰富的，大量的（=plentiful）
9. access n. 通路, 接近，入门
have access to 接近，有权使用
e.g. Citizens may have free access to the public library.
10. accident n. 意外事件, 事故
by accident 偶然（=by chance）（on purpose 故意）
11. accompany vt. 陪伴，陪同
12. accomplish vt. 完成, 达到, 实现~ the task
accomplishment n. 成就
13. account n. 计算, 帐目, 说明，解释
on account of 由于
take... into account 考虑到(= take… into consideration)
account for 解释，说明
14. accuse vt. 指责，控告
accuse sb. of sh. 因某事控告某人
(同：charge sb. with sth. 因某事控告某
人）
e.g. He was accused of robbing the bank and sentenced ten years in jail.
His mother charged him with being lazy.
15. achieve vt. 完成, 达到
achievement n. 成就, 功绩
16. action n. 动作, 行动, 举动
take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事（同：take measures to do sth.）
17. actor n. 男演员→ actress n. 女演员
类似：waitress（女侍者，女服务生）, hostess（女主人）, princess（公主，王妃）
18. adapt vt. 使适应, 改编
adapt oneself to sth. 适应(= adjust oneself to sth.)
e.g. He adapted/adjusted himself very quickly to the weather in the country.
比较：adopt vt. 采用, 收养
19. advance n. 前进, 提升v. 前进, 提前
in advance 预先，提前
20. advantage n. 优势, 有利条件（反：disadvantage n. 不利条件, 缺点）
have an advantage over 胜过，占优势
take advantage of 利用
21. advertise v. 为…做广告
advertisement/ad n. 广告
22. advise vt. 劝告, 忠告
advise sb. to do sth. 劝说（强调动作）
persuade sb. to do sth. 说服（强调结果）
注意：advise的宾语从句或It is advised that结构的主语从句，需使用should型虚拟语气。advice n. 忠告, 建议
23. afford vt. 买得起, 负担得起
~ sth. (a new car, vacation, etc.)
~ to do sth.
24. agree vi. 同意, 赞成
agree with sb.
agree on sth. （经过讨论后）就…达成一致
agree to sth. （plan, proposal, etc.）
agreement n. 同意, 一致in ~ with 与…一致
disagree vi. 不一致，有分歧
25. aim at 以…为目标，旨在
26. allow vt. 允许~ sb. to do sth. (=permit sb. to do sth.)
27. alternative n. 可供选择的办法, 抉择
have no ~ but to do 别无选择，只得…（= have no choice but to do）
比较：have nothing to do but do
28. amaze/astonish/surprise/shock vt. 使吃惊
~ed ~ing
29. ambition n. 野心, 雄心
ambitious adj. 有雄心的, 野心勃勃的
30. amuse vt. 娱乐，消遣~ment n.
~ sb. with sth. 用某物逗/取悦某人
~ oneself by doing sth. 做某事来消遣
31. analyze vt. 分析, 分解analysis analyst
32. ancient adj. 远古的，古代的~ times
33. anniversary n. 周年纪念twentieth ~
annual adj. 每年的，年度的
34. anxious adj. 焦虑的，担心的
be ~ about/for sth. 对…感到忧虑
be ~ to do sth. 渴望做某事(=be eager to do =long to do) anxiety n.
35. apology n. 道歉make an ~ to sb. for sth. apologize v. 道歉~ to sb. for sth.
36. appeal v. 呼吁，恳求
~ to sb. to do sth.
37. apply vt. 申请, 应用
~ (to sb.) for sth. 申请
~ sth. to (someplace) 应用
application applicant
38. appoint vt. 约定, 任命
appointment n. 约会，约定(因工作需要)
比较：date （男女约会）
39. appreciate vt. 赏识, 鉴赏, 感激
40. approach vt. 接近n. 接近，方法, 步骤
41. appropriate adj. 适当的，恰当的
42. approve vt. 赞成，批准
~ of 赞同，赞成
~ment dis~
43. arise vi. 出现, 发生
rise vi. 升起, 上升
arouse vt. 唤醒, 唤起~ one’s curiosity, consciousness
raise vt. 抬起，举起
44. arrest vt./ n. 逮捕, 拘留
under ~ 被拘捕
45. artificial adj. 人造的, 假的（反：natural, genuine）
46. assign vt. 分配, 指派
~ sb. to do sth. 分派某人做某事
~ sth. to sb. 分派某事给某人
47. associate vt. 使发生联系, 使联合
~ ... with... e.g. She always associated happiness with having money.
48. assure vt. 向…保证~ sb. that... e.g. He assured us that the train would be on time. 使确信~ sb. of sth. e.g. He assured her of his love.
ensure vt. 确保, 确保~ sb. sth. 确保某人获得某物
e.g. These pills will ~ you a good night’s sleep.
insure vt. 给...保险~ sb. insurance n.
确保~ sth. e.g. His talent and dedication will ~ his success.
49. attach vt. 系，贴, 附加
~... to... 把…贴上，放到…上
~ importance/significance to 强调，看重(介词不用on)
50. attack vt./n. 进攻, 攻击under ~
51. attempt vt./n. 尝试, 企图
~ to do 企图，努力
in an ~ to do 试图，力图
52. attention n. 注意, 关心pay ~ to sth.
53. attract vt. 吸引attractive adj. attraction n. distract (反，v.)
54. authority n. 权威, 威信, 权威人士(pl.) the authorities 当局，官方
author n. 作者，作家
authoritative adj. 权威的, 有权威的
authorize v. 批准，授权~ sb. to do sth.
55. automatic adj. 自动的, 无意识的, 机械的
automobile n. 汽车(=motor car)
56. available adj. 能得到的, 可利用的
57. average n. 平均on ~ 平均
58. avoid vt. 避免, 消除
avoidable adj. 可避免的unavoidable/inevitable adj. 不可避免的, 必然的
59. await vt. 等候(=wait for)
60. award n. 奖品vt. 授予be awarded sth.
reward vt./n. 报答, 奖赏
~ sb. for sth. 因…而报答某人
~ sb. with sth. 用…酬劳某人
in ~ for 作为对…回报
61. aware/conscious adj. 知道的, 明白的, 意识到的
be ~ of 意识到
62. awkward adj. 笨拙的，尴尬的
63. bachelor n. 单身汉, 文理学士a ~’s degree 学士学位(master, doctor)
64. backward adv./adj.向后地(的)
~ward 向…的forward, upward, downward
65. balance n. 天平, 平衡
keep one’s ~ lose ~
66. bare adj. 赤裸的, 无遮蔽的(身体局部) ~ feet, arm, head
naked adj. 裸体的, 无遮盖的(全身)
67. base n. 基础, 根据地, 基地（具体的事物）
vt. 以...作基础be based on 建立在…基础上
basis n. 基础, 基本, 根据on the ~ of (theory, experiment) (抽象的事物) basic adj. 基本的
68. bear n.熊v.负担, 忍受~ sth. in mind 记住
69. beat v. 打, 打败
70. behalf n. 利益，支持on behalf of 代表
71. behave vi. 举动, 举止~ oneself 举止得体
behavior n. 举止, 行为
72. believe v.相信believe in 信任，信仰
belief n. 信任, 信仰
73. belong to 属于（无被动态）e.g. The house belongs to him.
74. benefit n. 利益, 好处vt.有益于, 有助于
to one’s ~ 对…有利
~ from 从…受益
75. bitter adj. 痛苦的，严酷的，难受的
76. blame vt. 责备, 谴责
(sb.) be to blame 该受责备
~ sb. for sth. 将…归咎于某人
77. bold adj. 大胆的，勇敢的，莽撞的
78. bore v. 使烦扰boring（物）bored（人）
79. bound adj. 有义务的，注定的be ~ to do 一定要，注定要
adj. 开往...去的be ~ for spl.
80. boundary n. 边界, 分界线(表明一区域外缘的明显的，具有限制作用的线)
border n. 边界, 国界（两国之间的边界线，有分割政治实体的作用）
81. brief adj. 简短的, 短暂的in ~ 简而言之（=in one word, to conclude, to be simple）
82. business n. 商业, 交易, 事务
on ~ 因公事，出差
It’s none of your ~. 与你无关
83. calm adj.平静的, 镇静的, 沉着的v. (使)平静, (使)镇定, 平息
84. campaign n. 战役, (政治或商业性)活动, 竞选运动（强调有目的的大规模军事行动）battle 一场战役中的一次战斗
struggle 侧重政治和精神斗争
conflict 指武力或思想上的冲突
champion n. 冠军champagne n. 香槟酒
85. campus n. 校园on ~
schoolyard n. 校园, 运动场in the ~
86. cancel vt. 取消, 删去
87. candidate n. 候选人
88. capture vt. 俘获, 捕获
89. career n. 事业, 生涯，指终生从事的事业。
job 暗示可获得报酬的工作。
work 覆盖范围最广，不可数名词。
profession 强调受过高等教育才能担任的职务。
90. case n. 病例, 案例, 情形, 场合
in ~ of 万一，在…情况下
in no case 决不（=under no circumstances, by no means，置于句首，采用倒装句式）
91. cash n. 现金to pay in cash 用现金支付
92. casual adj. 偶然的, 随便的, 临时的
93. celebrate v. 庆祝, 祝贺, 表扬celebration n.
94. ceremony n. 典礼, 仪式
95. certificate n. 证书, 证明书birth ~ 出生证明marriage ~ 结婚证
96. challenge n. 挑战vt. 向...挑战
challenging adj. 富有挑战性的
97. charge v. 掌管, 控诉, 收费
free of ~ 免费
in charge of 负责，掌管
in the charge of 由…负责，掌管
charge sb. with sth. 控告（=accuse sb. of sth.）
98. cheat v. 欺骗, 骗取
cheat sb. into doing sth. 骗某人去做某事
cheat sb. out of sth. 骗走某人某物
99. check in 登记入住check out 付账后离开
100. chief adj. 主要的, 首要的, 首席的
101. choice n. 选择, 抉择
have no ~ but to do sth. 别无选择，只能做某事（=have no alternative but to do）choose v. 选择, 选定
102. classify vt. 分类, 分等classification n.
103. clarify v. 澄清, 阐明clear adj.
104. client n. 客户, 委托人
105. climate n. 气候(某地区固有的天气状况)
weather n. 天气（某地区短时间内的天气变化）
106. coach n. 长途汽车, 教练v. 训练, 指导
107. colleague n. 同事, 同僚
比较：college n. (综合大学中的)学院
108. combine v. (使)联合, (使)结合combination n.
~ A with B ~ A and B
109. comfort n./ vt. 安慰
discomfort n. 不舒适
comfortable adj. 舒服的
uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的
110. command n. 命令, 掌握
under one’s ~ 在…的控制/掌握之下
111. comment n./vi. 评论
~ on sth. 对…作评论
112. commit vt. 犯(错误), 干(坏事)，承诺
~ suicide, murder, mistake, error
be committed to do sth. 承诺做某事
113. committee n. 委员会（为集合名词，看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；看作个体时，谓语动词用复数。又如：class, police, group等。）
114. common adj. 共同的, 公共的
have much/little/nothing in ~ 有很多（很少/没有）共同之处
~ sense 常识
115. communicate v. 沟通, 通信,传达communication n.
~ with sb. 和某人交流
116. compare v. 比较, 相比(包括similarity和difference)
~ A with B 将A与B进行比较
~ A to B 将A与B进行比较；将A比作B（侧重此义）
e.g. Poets often compare death to sleep.
contrast vt. 使与...对比, 使与...对照（侧重difference）
117. compensate v. 偿还, 补偿
118. compete vi. 比赛, 竞争~ with/against sb. for sth.
competition n. 竞争, 竞赛
competitive adj. 竞争的
competitor n. 竞争者
competent adj. 有能力的, 胜任的
119. complain v. 抱怨, 悲叹，埋怨
complaint n. 抱怨，投诉letter of ~ 投诉信
explain v. 解释→ explanation n.
120. complex adj. 复杂的, 综合的（一般结构上复杂）
complicated adj. 复杂的, 难解的（不仅结构上复杂，而且在理解上也很难）
121. compose v. 组成, 写作
be ~ed of 由…构成（=be made up of =consist of）
component n. 成分，元件，组件
composition n. 构成，作文
122. compromise n./v. 妥协, 折衷
123. concentrate v. 集中, 浓缩~ on 集中精力于
124. concept n. 观念, 概念
125. concern vt./n. 涉及, (利害)关系, 关心
as far as sb./sth. be concerned 就…而言
be ~ed about 关心
be ~ed with 牵涉到
126. conclude v. 结束, 终止, 作出结论to ~ 总而言之
conclusion n. 结论draw/come to a ~ 得出结论127. confess v. 承认, 坦白, 忏悔
~ to (doing) sth. 承认/供认做了（坏事）
128. confidence n. 信心have ~ in 对…有信心confident adj. 自信的, 确信的be ~ of 对…有信心类比：take pride in/be proud of 为…感到骄傲129. confront vt. 使面临, 对抗
be ~ed with 面对，面临（=face up to）
130. confuse vt.使迷惑, 使糊涂confusion n.
~ed, ~ing
131. congratulate vt. 祝贺, 庆贺
~ sb. on sth.
132. considerable adj. 相当大(或多)的, 相当可观的considerate adj. 考虑周到的, 体谅的
133. construct vt. 建造, 构造
construction n.
destruction n. 破坏, 毁灭
destroy v.
134. consult v. 咨询，请教，查阅
~ reference books, dictionary, authority
~ with sb. 与…商量
135. consume vt. 消耗, 消费
consumer n. 消费者
consumption n. 消费, 消费量
136. content n. 内容,目录(pl.)
adj. 满足的, 满意的
137. contrary adj. 相反的, 逆的
on the ~ 恰恰相反
138. contact vt./n. 接触, 联系
contract n. 合同, 契约
contrast vi./n. 对比, 对照
139. contribute v. 贡献,捐助,投稿contribution n. ~ to sth. 导致（=lead to）
140. control n./vt. 控制, 支配
out of ~ 失去控制
under ~ 处于控制之下
141. convenient adj. 便利的, 方便的
inconvenient adj.
convenience n.
142. convince v. 使确信，使信服
~ sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
143. cooperate vi. 合作, 协作~ with sb. 与…合作
cooperation n. 合作, 协作
corporation n. 公司, 企业
144. cope vi. 应付, 处理
~ with应付, 处理(=deal with, do with)
145. cost n. 成本, 价钱, 代价
at all costs 无论如何
at the cost of 以…为代价
146. count on/depend on/rely on 依靠, 指望
147. courage n. 勇气, 精神
discourage vt. 使气馁, 阻碍
encourage vt. 鼓励~ sb. to do sth.
courageous adj. 勇敢的, 有胆量的
148. create vt. 创造, 创作
creative adj. 创造性的
creation n. 创造, 创作物
149. critical adj. 批评的（源自criticize）, 危急的(源自crisis)
比较：crucial adj. 至关紧要的,决定性的
150. current adj. 当前的，流行的~ affairs时事~ fashion 流行时尚n. 电流, 水流, 气流
151. daily adj. 每日的, 日常的
n. 日报
152. danger n. 危险, 危险物
in ~ 处于危险中
dangerous adj.
153. data n. 资料, 数据datum（单数）
类似：media n. 媒体medium（单数）
154. deadline n. 最终期限
155. deaf adj. 聋的
turn a ~ ear to sb./sth. 对…充耳不闻
156. deceive v. 欺骗, 行骗
~ sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事（=cheat sb. into doing sth.）
157. decide v. 决定~ to do sth. 决定做某事
decision n. 决定, 决心make a ~ to do sth. 决定做某事
decisive adj. 决定性的(=crucial) play a ~ role in sth. 在…中起到重要作用158. decrease v. 减少increase vt. 增加, 加大
159. degree: to some/a certain degree（extent）在某种程度上
160. deliberately adv. 故意地（= on purpose）
161. delicious adj. 美味的，可口的品牌“得利斯”为音译
162. delight n. 快乐, 高兴
take a ~ in 以…为乐
be ~ed to do 高兴去做
163. deliver vt. 递送, 投递，发表(演说)
~ sth. to sb. 将某物交给某人
~ a message 传话，带信
~ a speech 发表演说
164. demand n. 要求, 需求
in ~ 非常需要，受欢迎的
meet the demand of sb. 满足某人的需要
165. depend vi. 依靠, 依赖（count on/depend on/rely on 依靠, 指望）dependent adj. 依靠的, 依赖的be ~ on sth.
dependence n. 依靠, 依赖
independent adj. 独立自主的
independence n. 独立, 自主
166. derive vt. 得自,获得~ sth. from... e.g. ~ a conclusion from facts
vi. 起源~ from... e.g. Many English words ~ from Latin.
比较：deprive vt. 剥夺, 使丧失~ sb. of sth.
167. describe vt. 描写, 记述, 形容
description n. 描写, 记述beyond ~ 难以形容
168. deserve vt. 应受, 值得后接动名词的主动形式，表达被动意义。
e.g. What he did yesterday deservers praising. （他昨天的所作所为值得表扬。）类似：need repairing (=need to be repaired)
169. destination n. 目的地
170. detail n. 细节, 详情
in ~ 详细地
go into ~(s) 逐一说明，详细叙述
171. detect vt. 察觉, 发觉, 侦查
detection n. 察觉, 发觉
detective n. 侦探
172. determine v. 决定, 确定(=decide) ~ to do sth. /be ~ed to do sth. determination n. 决定, 决心make a ~ to do sth.
173. devote vt. 投入于, 献身
~ oneself/one’s life to sth. 致力于，献身于
~ sth. to sb. 将…献给某人~ his new book to his mother
174. difference n. 差异, 差别
make a ~ 有影响
make no ~ 没有差别，没有影响
175. difficulty n. 困难, 难点
in ~ 处于困境中
with ~ 困难地，吃力地
have ~/trouble in doing sth. 做某人有困难
176. disappoint vt. 使失望
~ ment n. ~ed ~ing
be ~ed with/about sth. 对…感到失望
be ~ed to do sth. 很失望地去做某事
177. disaster n. 灾难, 天灾, 灾祸
178. discipline n. 纪律
179. disgust n./vi. 厌恶, 反感
in ~ 厌恶地
be ~ed with/at 对…感到厌恶
180. disorder n. 杂乱, 混乱
in ~ 混乱
fall into ~ 陷入混乱
181. display vt. 陈列, 展览
on ~ 在展览中
182. distinguish v. 区别, 辨别
~ A from B 将A和B区分开（=tell from）
183. distinct adj. 清楚的, 明显的, 截然不同的, 独特的
be ~ from 与…截然不同
distinction n. 差别，区别
184. domestic adj. 家庭的, 国内的（反：foreign）
185. dominate v. 支配, 占优势
dominant adj. 占优势的, 支配的
186. dramatic adj. 戏剧性的，引人注目的，夸张的
drama n. 戏剧
187. drown v. 溺死, 淹死
~ oneself in 埋头于
188. due adj. 到期的，预期的
due to 由于，因为（= owing to, because of, thanks to）
189. ease n. 安逸, 悠闲
with ~ 容易地
(feel) at ~ 感到舒适
同根词：easy（容易的, 舒适的）, uneasy（不安的,不舒服的）, disease(疾病) 190. economic adj. 经济(上)的, 经济学的
economical adj. 节约的, 经济的
同根词：economy, economist
191. edge n. 利刃, 边缘
on the ~ of 在…的边缘
192. effect n. 结果, 效果
bring into ~ 实施
come/go into effect 开始生效
have an effect on 对…有效果
affect vt. 影响, 感动
effective adj. 有效的, 生效的
efficient adj. 有效率的, 能干的
193. effort n. 努力
make an ~ to do sth. 努力去做某事
194. eliminate vt. 排除, 消除（=get rid of, remove）
195. embarrass vt. 使困窘
同根词：~ment, ~ed, ~ing
196. emerge vi. 出现, 浮现
emergency n. 紧急情况, 突然事件
emergent adj. 紧急的
197. emotion n. 情绪, 情感
emotional adj. 情绪的, 情感的，情绪化的~ crisis, person
198. emphasis n. 强调, 重点put/lay/place great/much ~ on 看重，着重emphasize v.
199. employ vt. 雇用
同根词：employer（雇员）/employee（雇主）
employment（就业）/unemployment（失业）
200. encounter v. 遭遇, 遇到
201. endure v. 耐久, 忍耐（=bear, stand, tolerate, put up with）
endurance n. 忍耐
202. engage vt. 使从事于, 使参加
be engaged in 从事于, 忙于(=be absorbed in)
203. enhance vt. 提高, 增强(+ value, beauty, or reputation)
204. enormous adj. 巨大的, 庞大的
205. entertain vt. 娱乐, 招待
entertainment n. 款待, 娱乐
206. enthusiasm n. 热情, 热心, 积极性~ for sth. 对…有热情
enthusiastic adj. 热心的, 热情的
207. environment n. 环境, 外界
208. equivalent adj. 相等的, 相当的
be ~ to 相当于，等同于e.g. The British Parliament is ~ to American Congress. 209. equip vt. 装备, 配备be equipped with 装备, 配备
equipment n. 装备, 设备
210. era n. 时代, 纪元information ~ 信息时代a new ~ 新纪元
211. essential adj. 必要的，必须的，本质的
注意：It is ~ that...句型中的从句中需要使用should型虚拟语气。
212. establish vt. 建立, 设立
213. estimate v. 估计, 估价
~ at 估计…达到e.g. We estimated his income at $9,000 a year.
214. eventually adv. 最后, 终于(=finally, at last, ultimately)
215. evidence n. 明显, 证据
evident adj. 明显的, 显然的（=obvious）
216. exact adj. 精确的, 准确的
to be ~ 确切地
217. exchange vt./n. 交换, 调换
in ~ for 交换
218. exclude vt. 把...排除在外, 排斥
include vt. 包括, 包含
219. executive adj. 实行的, 执行的, 行政的
CEO = chief executive officer （首席执行官）
220. exhausted adj. 疲劳的, 疲惫的（=tired, worn out）221. expense n. 费用, 代价expensive adj.
at one’s ~ 牺牲某人
at the ~ of 以…为代价（=at the cost of）
222. export n./v. 出口
import n./v. 进口
223. facility n. 便利, （pl.）设备teaching facilities 教学设施224. factor n. 因素, 要素
225. fame n. 名声, 名望（=reputation名誉, 名声）famous adj. 著名的, 出名的be ~ for 因…而出名
226. familiar adj. 熟悉的, 常见的
be ~ with sth./sb. 熟悉，精通
be ~ to sb. 为某人所熟知
227. fancy vt. 想象n. 爱好
take a ~ to sth. 喜欢上某物
have a ~ for sth. 爱好某物
228. fashion n. 流行, 风尚
be in ~ 正在流行
be out of ~ 不再流行
fashionable adj. 流行的, 时髦的
229. fatal adj. 致命的, 重大的（=deadly，mortal）
230. fault n. 过错, 缺点
find ~ with sb. 挑某人的错
231. favor n. 好感, 赞同，恩惠
in ~ of 赞同
do sb. a ~ 帮某人的忙
232. fetch vt. （去）拿来, （去）取来~ a doctor 去请医生比较：take带走bring带来
233. fierce adj.猛烈的, 激烈的，热烈的~ competition 234. figure n. 外形, 数字, 人物
~ out 计算出，弄明白
235. flexible adj. 灵活的
236. fluent adj. 流利的, 流畅的
fluency n.
237. focus v. 集中，聚焦
~ on 集中于，聚焦于
~ one’s attention on sth. 集中精力于某事
238. fond adj. 喜爱的，喜欢的
be ~ of 喜爱
239. forbid vt. 禁止, 不许
~ sb. to do sth. 禁止/不许某人做某事
~ sth. 禁止某事e.g. ~ smoking on trains
240. forgive vt. 原谅, 饶恕
~ and forget 不计前嫌
241. formal adj. 正式的
informal adj. 非正式的
比较：former adj. 从前的, 以前的
242. fortune n. 财富, 运气
make a ~ 发财
同根词：fortunate, unfortunate, ~ly
243. found v. 建立, 创立, 创办
(founded, founded) e.g. The CPC was founded in 1921. (find, found, found 发现)
244. frank adj. 坦白的, 率直的
to be ~ 坦白地说（=frankly speaking）
245. frustrate v. 挫败,使沮丧
frustration n.
~ing ~ed
山东省专升本英语真题2017年
山东省专升本英语真题2017年 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分：听力理解(Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Short Conversations 1、 A. She finished her reading two weeks ago. B. She finished her reading quickly. C. She will write an English novel in two weeks. D. She couldn't finish her reading in less than a month. 2、 A. It gets on your nerves if you buy five of-them. B. It's a very good bargain. C. It's too expensive. D. If you buy five, the price is lower. 3、 A. She wants to know when the man will be free. B. She will be busy every day this week. C. She will be able to go some time later. D. She doesn't want to go to the theater with the man at all. 4、 A. The airplane has already left. B. The plane is overdue. C. They should take the 9:45 flight. D. The plane has arrived early at 3:39. 5、 A. Vacation plans. B. School hours. C. A part-time job. D. Weekend plans. 6、 A. She doesn't know its hours. B. She thinks it closes at 6. C. It's open all night on weekdays. D. It isn't open on weekends. 7、 A. Three dollars. B. Fifteen dollars. C. Half of the price. D. One third the price. 8、 A. Reporters. B. Students. C. Typists. D. Librarians. Long Conversation 1 Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 9、 A. Dresses. B. Shoes. C. Socks. D. Shirts. 10、 A. They were worn out. B. They were dirty. C. They were of a dull color. D. They were out of style. 11、 A. They were too casual. B. They were too dressy. C. They were uncomfortable. D. They were not charming enough. Long Conversation 2 Questions 12 to 14 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
专升本考试英语核心词汇积累.doc
专升本考试英语核心词汇积累 because [bi'k z] conj.因为; because of 因为，由于; 基于; become [bi'k m] v. (became, become)变成,成为,开始变得 before [bi'f :] prep. (指时间)在...以前; (指位置)在...前面;(指顺序、重要性等) 在...之前,先于 conj.在...以前ad.较早;以前,以往; behind prep.在...的背后,(遗留) 在...后面,落后于 ad.在背后,向后,落在后面; below prep. 在……下面; beneath prep. 在……下方(面) beside prep. 在……旁边;靠近 besides prep. 除……以外(还有)
ad. 还有,此外 between prep. 在(两者)之间;在…中间 v.是,就是;表示,意味着;等于,值;成为,变成aux.v. [与动词的现在分词连用,构成各种进beyond prep. (表示位置) 在……的那边; 迟于;超出ad.在更远处 begin [bi'gin] v.开始; beginner n. 新手; beginning n. 开始,开端; at the beginning 起初; behalf [bi'hɑ:f] n.利益 behave v.举止端正, 表现,守规矩,行为; (机器等)运转 Behave yourself! 规矩点！ behaviour (=behavior) n.行为,举止; (机器等)运转情况 belief [bi'li:f] n.相信;信念;信仰;信条;
专升本英语翻译方法
常用翻译技巧总结 w个人认为，翻译题很重要！考研是个充实自己的过程，只要你还需要英语，就离不开翻译，所以大家应该引起足够重视。 首先个人推荐一本书，XDF唐静老师的《拆分与组合翻译法》，我听过他的课，他的方法很实用，感觉很象下面介绍的第四种方法。 翻译题里考察三方面内容： 1、专有名词(如operational research expert)、习惯用法(如depend on)及多义词 的翻译(如school、set的多义) 2、一般性翻译技巧:包括词义选择，词序调整，词性转换和增词法等等 3、具体句型(定从、状从、主从、宾从、表从、同位从、强调结构、并列、 比较、倒装、插入、被动、否定等) 其中2、3是大考点，具体内容可在论坛下XDF的翻译笔记来看，在此不赘述。 可看出，应对翻译题的主要武器是翻译技巧，下面正式进入正题(常用方法、被动语态译法、形容词译法、举例详解) 一、常用方法 英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异，因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难，需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。常用的翻译技巧有增译法、省译法、转换法、拆句法、合并法、正译法、反译法、倒置法、包孕法、插入法、重组法和综合法等。这些技巧不但可以运用于笔译之中，也可以运用于口译过程中，而且应该用得更加熟练。 1增译法：指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式，在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子，以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多，而英语句子一般都要有主语，所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候，除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或“There be…”结构来翻译以外，一般都要根据语境补出主语，使句子完整。英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。英语中代词使用频率较高，凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时，必须在前面加上物主代词。因此，在汉译英时需要增补物主代词，而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示，而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此，在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外，在翻译时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语，以确保译文意思的完整。总之，通过增译，一是保证译文语法结构的完整，二是保证译文意思的明确。如： (1) What about calling him right away? 马上给他打个电话，你觉得如何？(增译主语和谓语) (2) If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations. 要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊！(增译主句) (3) Indeed, the reverse is true 实际情况恰好相反。(增译名词) (4)就是法西斯国家本国的人民也被剥夺了人权。 Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human rights.(增译物主代词)
2012年河南专升本专业英语真题
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山东省2011&2010年专升本考试英语试卷
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专升本成考英语词汇
2010年成考专升本英语词汇表 1.enable sb to do sth使某人能做某事eg.The computer enables people to communicate with each other more conveniently./计算机使人们彼此间能更方便地交流。 2.be about to do sth… when正要做某事……突然……eg.I was about to go shopping when it suddenly began to rain./我刚要出去买东西，天就突然下雨了。 3.by accident/by chance/accidentally偶然地 https://www.360docs.net/doc/b410758006.html,e across sb偶然遇见 5.act on sth依……行事eg.Each student should act on the rules and regulations of the school./每个学生都应该遵守学校的规章制度。 6.add to/add up to加上/总计达eg.The number of the patients added up to three hundred last week./上星期，病人人数达到了三百人。 7.in advance/ahead of time提前 8.after all毕竟 9.agree to do sth/agree with sb/agree to sth 10.aim at doing sth下定目标做某事eg.Aiming at winning the game，he practiced hard every day./为赢得比赛，他每天努力练习。 11.allow/permit/forbid doing sth允许/允许/禁止做某事 12.allow/permit/forbid sb to do sth允许/允许/禁止某人做某事 13.apologize to sb for sth因某事向某人道歉 14.take sth in one's arms抱着…… 15.arrive at a conclusion得出结论 16.put sb to shame使某人相形见绌eg.His courage put all the other students to shame./他的勇气令其他学生都感到惭愧不如。 17.be astonish at sth因某事感到震惊 18.make the bed铺床 19.blame sb for sth/it is me to blame因某事责怪某人/该受责怪的人是我 20.break down/break up/break out/break into坏了/驱散/爆发/破门而入 21.hold one's breath/out of breath摒住呼吸/上气不接下气 22.bring about/bring up引起，使发生/抚养长大 23.burst into tears/laughters突然大哭/大笑 24.burst out crying/laughing突然大哭/大笑 25.call at sp/call on sb/call up/call off/call out to/call for/call on sb to do拜访某地/拜访某人/打电话/取消/大喊/叫来/号召某人做某事 26.carry out/work out/point out/find out实现/做出/指出/查明 27.catch up with sb/keep up with sb/put up with sb赶上某人/跟上某人/容忍某人 28.change sth into sth/exchange sth for sth把……变成/交换eg.Can you change this note into coins？/你能把这张纸币换成硬币吗？eg.May I exchange this book for your new pen？/我能用这本书换你的新笔吗？ https://www.360docs.net/doc/b410758006.html,e into being/come to oneself/形成/恢复意识eg.The new system came into being in the late 19th century./这种新体制在十九世纪后期开始形成。 30.have sth in common with sb和某人有共同点eg.The twins have a lot
山东专升本英语考试翻译历年真题解析
xx 词汇的翻译 Experts havelongthought that depression could bebadfor your heart. A new researchdemonstratesjust howdangerousit can be. 专家们长期以来就认为抑郁症会对心脏有害，最近的一项研究证明了这种危害有多大。 In the end, they found that people withmajordepression were at least three times aslikelyto die of heart disease as were patients who weren’t depressed. 最终，他们发现患有严重抑郁症的人死于心脏病的可能性至少是正常人的三倍。 他对公司财务状况一无所知，结果未能采取有效措施。 Although someareas suffered from serious natural disasters, the totalgrainoutput washigher than that of last year. 虽然有些地区遭受了严重的自然灾害，但是粮食总产量还是比去年高。 For one reason or another, all countriesimposetrade barriers on certain goods crossingtheir border. 由于种种原因，所有国家对通过他们边境的某种商品都强行设置贸易壁垒。 Everyemployerwantsandneedsemployeeswhocansuggestimprovementsinanhon est and constructivemanner. 每位雇主都希望有以诚实积极态度提出改进意见的雇员。 The words and phrasesgivenin this dictionary are those that are likely to beneedbyevery person. 本字典提供的单词和词组是每个人都有可能要用的。
专升本英语核心词汇
福建专升本英语必备核心词汇 =A= 1.abandon v. 放弃；抛弃，离弃 同义词：cease,depart,quit,withdraw 搭配：abandon oneself to 沉溺于；听任。。。。。。摆布 2.abide v. 坚持；遵守；容忍 同义词：bear,endure,tolerate 搭配:abide by 遵守，履行 3.abolish v. 废除，取消 同义词：abandon,cancel,destroy 4.absence n. 没有，缺乏，缺席 同义词：lack,scarcity,shortage 搭配：in the absence of 没有，缺乏 5.absolute a. 绝对的；顽强的；专制的；确实的，确定的 同义词：complete,entire,perfect,total 6.absorb v. 吸收；吸引。。。。。。的注意，使全神贯注 同义词：involve,occupy 搭配:be absorbed in 专心于 7.abstract a. 抽象的；深奥的n. 摘要；抽象v.摘要；提取，抽取 同义词：a. theoretical n. extract,outline,summary 8.absurd a. 愚蠢的；荒唐的
同义词：childish,comic,ridiculous 9.abuse v. 滥用；谩骂n. 滥用；谩骂，毁谤 同义词：v.misuse,curse,insult n. misuse,insult,mistreatment 10.accelerate v. 加速；促进 同义词：advance,quicken,rush 11.access n. 接近，进入；入口，通路；进入的方法 同义词：approach,course, entry, passport 12.accommodate v. 留宿，收容；供应，供给；容纳 同义词:hold,provide,supply 13.accommodation n. 居住设施 同义词:housing,rooms,settlement 14.accomplish v.完成，实现 15.accumulate v.积累，积蓄；堆积 同义词:collect,increase,save,store 16.accuse v. 控告，谴责 同义词:blame,charge 搭配:accuse sb of doing sth 指控某人做了某事 17.acquaint v. 使认识，使了解 同义词:introduce,present 搭配:acquaint oneself with 熟悉，通晓 acquaint sb with 把…..告诉某人 18.adapt v. 适合；改编，改写
专升本英语翻译汇总
专升本翻译 1、基本及特殊句型 2、各种从句（引导词的特殊用法） 3、重要单词及词组 4、主动句与被动句的互译 一、专升本翻译常考句型总结及练习 1、in order to \ so as to 他努力学习以实现他的梦想。 他拼命干活以便到六点时把一切都准备就绪。 3、so…that\Such….that 他太自私了，一直都没有人愿意与他共事。 这本书很有趣，我一口气就把它读完了。 4、would rather do…than do 他宁愿听别人讲也不愿自己说。 5、prefer doing to doing 他在办公室的时候，他总是愿找些事做而不愿意闲着。 6、prefer to do…rather than do 比起女人，男人总是宁愿在家睡觉也不愿花那么多时间来购物。 7、not only…but also 在短短的三年的时间里他不但完成了所有课程，而且还获得了博士学位。他不仅乐于接受别人的观点，而且也很耐心。（08）
Not only did Mike learn the Chinese language, but also bridge the gap between his culture and ours. (08) 成功不仅取决于个人能力，而且取决于合作的意愿。（04） Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions. (04 英) 8、either…or 如果考试过关，你可以买一个MP3或去云南玩一趟。 9、neither…nor 他是一个无聊的人，既不爱娱乐，也不爱读书。 10. as well as 足球和电脑都一样深受青年喜欢。 11.倍数的翻译 （1）as…as 这口钟大约有三个人那么高。（2003） （2）数字+times as +形原型+as +比较对象。 太阳的大小是地球的33万倍。 This year the factory spends five times as much money in developing new products as it did five years ago. (08) （3）数字+times + 形比较级+than X是Y的15倍。 游泳池里的水是以前的两倍。（07 英） （4）increase to\ by
山东省-2019-年专升本考试英语试题
山东省 2019 年普通高等教育专升本统一考试英语试题 本试卷分为策I 卷和策II 卷两部分,共12 页。满分100 分。考试用时120 分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必用毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、座号填写到试卷规 定的位置上，并将姓名、考生号、座号填（涂）在答题卡规定的位置。 2.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号，答在本试卷上无效。 3.第Ⅱ卷答题必须用毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置；如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 第Ⅰ卷 PartⅠ Listening Comprehension.(1 point each,20 points) Section A Directions: In will section, you will hear 8 short conversations. 41 the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be read only once. After each question there will be a pause, During the peruse, you must read the four suggested answers marked A) B) C) and D), and decide which is the best answer Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet . Short Conversations 1. A. His car was hit by anothercar. B.H e was hurt while involved insports. C.He fell down somestairs, D.While crossing a street he was hit by acar.
山东省专升本英语试题
2015专升本试题 21. She tries her best to __________ the changes in fashion. A. keep up with B. put off C. come up with D. go by 22. if you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get __________. A. troubled B. mistaken C. confused D. interfered 23. We can __________ with people in most parts of the world by telephone. A. communicate B. tell C. relate D. connect 24. The book tells us about the author’s life __________ about his writings. A. also B. as much as C. as well as D. as well 25. I got a splitting headache. It kept me __________ the whole night. A. waken B. aware C. awake D. waking 26. I’d like to __________ a special seat for the concert of May 5. A. serve B. reserve C. preserve D. conserve 27. The students of this university complain about traffic noises which __________ them when they are having classes. A. disturb B. interrupt C. prevent D. interfere 28. Mary __________ her bag at the first sight by seeing its color. A. identified B. told C. knew D. claimed 29. The picture __________ me of the days when I spent my childhood in the countryside. A. reminded B. recollected C. remembered D. recalled 30. Over the years my father had gradually __________ a collection of precious stamps. A. collected B. gathered C. accumulated D. absorbed 31. It was hard work, but they __________ to it and got the job done. A. adjust B. follow C. continue D. stuck 32. The article __________ more attention to the problem of cultural interference in foreign teaching and learning. A. calls for B. allows for C. cares for D. applies for 33. Although buses are __________ to depart at a certain hour, they are often late. A. scheduled B. obliged C. requested D. loaded 34. What __________ to him is whether the job allows him to pursue his studies. A. matters B. happens C. refers D. applies 35. A smart appearance makes a __________ impression at an interview. A. favorable B. favored C. favorite D. favoring 36. Mary __________ like to surf the internet. She often spends hours on line. A. did B. does C. do D. is 37. She pretended __________ indifferent but her facial expression betrayed her. A. to be B. being C. be D. been 38. We have to get the road repaired __________. A. no matter how much does it cost B. no matter how much costs it C. no matter how much it costs D. no matter it costs how much 39. She said that the doctor must have got stuck in a traffic jam, otherwise he __________ by then. A. would arrive B. would have arrived C. should arrive D. must have arrived 40. Mr. Smith insisted that the work __________ finished by the end of April. A. be B. had been C. was D. were 41. The person __________ I complained is the supervisor. A. whom B. to whom C. who D. to who 42. Dr. John __________ be in Paris because I met him in town just now. A. may B. can’t C. might not D. may not 43. Michael liked the carving very much, which cost him $2000. However, he would gladly have paid __________ for it. A. as twice much B. much as twice C. as much twice D. twice as much 44. Only when she had accomplished the task __________ that she had made a mistake. A. did she realize B. she then realized C. she realized D. before she realize 45. I find it hard to imagine a time when __________ to solve. A. no problems will be there B. there will be no problems C. no problems there will be D. there no problems will be 46. When we arrived at the airport, the plane __________. A. already took off B. took off already C. had already taken off D. has already taken off 47. "Would you like to go out for a picnic?" "Yes, it's __________ day!" A. so a beautiful B. so beautiful C. such beautiful D. such a beautiful 48. She grabbed me __________ and pulled me out of the taxi. A. a arm B. an arm C. by the arm D. the arm 49. I know Mike is slow at understanding, but we should be patient __________ him. A. for B. with C. at D. about 50. He is studying diligently __________ he should fall behind. A. for fear that B. so that C. unless D. before Passage 1 Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also explain that there’s a big difference between “being a writer” and writing. In most cases individuals are dreaming of wealth and fame, not the long hours alone at a typewriter. “You’ve got to want to write,” I say to them, not want to be a writer.” The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded. When I left a 20-year career in the US Coast Guard to become a freelance writer(自由撰稿者), I had no prospects at all. What I did have was a friend who found me a room in a New York apartment building. It didn’t even matter that it was cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought used manual typewriter and felt like a genuine writer. After a year or so, however, I still hadn’t got a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to s ell a story that I barely made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years, I wasn’t going to be one of those people who die wondering. What if I would keep putting my dream to the test (even though it meant living with uncertainly and fear of failure)? This is the shadow-land of hope, and any one with a dream must learn to live there. 51. The passage is meant to __________. A. warn young people of the hardships that a successful writer has to experience B. encourage young people to pursue a writing career C. show young people it’s unrealistic for a writer to pursue wealth D. advise young people to give up their idea of becoming a professional writer 52. What can be concluded from the passage? A. A writer’s success depends on luck rather than on effort. B. Genuine writers often find their work interesting and rewarding. C. Famous writers usually live in poverty and isolation. D. The chances for a writer to become successful are small 53. Why did the author begin to doubt himself after the first year of his writing career? A. He found his dream would never come true. B. He hadn’t seen a change for the better