高考英语二轮复习考点学与练专题11 特殊句式(讲)
专题11 特殊句式
从近几年高考试题来看，特殊句式主要考查倒装句、省略句和强调句的用法。命题的着重点在以下几个方面：
1．考查倒装句式，特别注意以下三种情况：
(1)含有否定意义的词置于句首时，部分倒装。
(2)only位于句首修饰状语等，部分倒装。
(3)so/such...that句型中，so/such位于句首时，后面的主句倒装，that从句不倒装。
2．考查省略句的构成，尤其是以下四种情况：
(1)省略主语、主语和谓语、主语和谓语的一部分。
(2)状语从句省略为“连词＋非谓语动词”形式，务必要明确句子主语与非谓语动词的逻辑关系以及非谓语动词与谓语的时间关系。
(3)不定式的省略。
(4)not，so，neither，nor的“替代性”省略。
3．考查强调句型的构成和强调谓语的方法。近几年高考更加注重考查知识之间的交叉现象，加大了综合考查语法知识的力度，以下几个方面要引起高度重视：
(1)强调句型的一般疑问句式和特殊疑问句式的构成。
(2)强调not...until...句型的特殊构成方式。
(3)把强调句型与定语从句、省略句以及强调句型与时间状语从句、地点状语从句的考查等融合到一起考查学生综合把握语法知识的能力。
知识点一、倒装句
(一)完全倒装(Full Inversion)
谓语动词完全放在主语之前的句子便是完全倒装句。这类句型主要有：
1．表示方式、方位的副词或介词短语，如here, there, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall 等，置于句首，且主语是名词时。如：
In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.
在英格兰一所大学的讲堂里坐着一位教授。
South of the river lies a small factory.
一个小型工厂坐落在河的南岸。
Out rushed the children.
孩子们冲了出去。
2．such置于句首时。如：
Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th century's greatest scientist.
这就是艾伯特·爱因斯坦，一个朴实的人，也是20世纪最伟大的科学家。
(二)部分倒装(Partial Inversion)
只把谓语的一部分(多为助动词或情态动词)置于主语之前的句子叫部分倒装句。这类句型主要有三种：1．only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时。如：
Only in this way can we learn English well.
只有以这种方法，我们才能学好英语。
Only when he returned did we find out the truth.
只有当他回来时，我们才查明了真相。
使用特点：
(1)在部分倒装句中，如果谓语部分无助动词，则须找助动词来“帮助”它构成倒装句。如：
(×)Only after the war learned he the sad news.
(√)Only after the war did he learn the sad news.
只是在战后他才知道那个悲惨的消息。
(2)only修饰状语从句时，从句不可倒装。如：
(×)Only when did he return did we find out the truth.
(√)Only when he returned did we find out the truth.
只有当他回来的时候，我们才查明了真相。
(3)only修饰主语时，句子不可倒装。如：
(×)Only can he answer the question.
(√)Only he can answer the question.
只有他能回答这个问题。
2．否定副词never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely及表否定意义的介词短语at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition等置于句首时。如：
Never before have I seen such a moving film.＝I have never seen such a moving film before.
以前我从未看过这么感人的电影。
Not a single mistake did he make.＝He didn't make a single mistake.
他一个错也没犯。
3．七个重要的固定句型：
(1)．..so＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语“……也是如此”。如：
They love having lots of friends; so do those with disabilities.
他们喜欢交很多朋友，那些有残疾的人也是如此。
【警示】
如果句意不是“……也是如此”，而仅是对前面内容的肯定或附加(此时的so＝indeed)，那么，句子不可使用倒装形式。试比较：
A：I was afraid. (句中的I指是说话者A)
B：So was I. (I指的是B，此句意为：I was afraid, too.)
A：我害怕。
B：我也是。
A：I was afraid. (I指的是A)
B：So you were.
(you指的也是A。此句意为：Indeed you were afraid.)
A：我害怕。
B：你就是这样。
(2)．..neither(或nor)＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语“……也不这样”。如：
Lily can't ride; neither (或nor) can Lucy.
莉莉不会骑车，露西也不会。
此句型中的neither(或nor)不可用so...not替代，但可用not...either改写。如：
(×)I have never been abroad. So hasn't he.
(√)I have never been abroad. Neither/Nor has he.
(√)I have never been abroad. He has never/not been abroad, either.
我没出过国，他也没有。
(3)So＋adj./adv....that.../Such＋adj.＋n....＋tha t...“如此……以至于……”。如：
So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.
他说英语如此清晰以至于别人都听得懂。
【警示】
在这个句型中，so/such引导的句子要倒装，而that引导的句子不倒装。
(4)Neither...，nor...“……不……，……也不……”。如：
Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.
我不知道，也不关心。
【警示】
由于neither和nor都是否定词，所以其后面的分句均需倒装。
(5)Not only...，but also...“不仅……而且……”。如：
Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.
不仅要给那些找工作的人提供帮助，而且也要给那些需要帮助的人提供医疗保健服务。
【警示】
此句型也可写成Not only...but...或Not only...but...as well的形式，但but (also)引导的句子必须用正常语序。
(6)Not until...“直到……才……”。如：
Not until he returned did we have supper.
直到他回来我们才吃晚饭。
【警示】
①这句话可以改写成：We didn't have supper until he returned.再如：
Not until 400 in the morning can he fall asleep.
＝He can't fall asleep until 400 in the morning.
直到凌晨4点他才睡着。
②如果not until引导的是句子，until从句不可倒装，只是主句需要倒装。
(7)hardly...when...，no sooner...than...“刚……就……”等引导两个句子时，前一个句子用部分倒装，后一个句子不倒装。
Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry.
他一听到这个消息就哭了。
(三)形式倒装(Formal Inversion)
形式上的倒装在语法上称为前置。它的特点是，只把强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装。这样的结
构较多，但尤其要注意as, though引导让步状语从句时采用形式倒装的情况。
1．表语的倒装
Tired as/though he was, he still went on with his work.
尽管他很累，他还是继续工作。
2．谓语动词的倒装
Try as he might，he didn't pass the exam.
尽管很用功，但他考试还是不及格。
3．状语的倒装
Much as he likes the bike, he doesn't want to buy it.
他虽然很喜欢那辆自行车，但不想买它。
【警示】
如果是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语，不再用冠词。如：
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
尽管他是孩子，但他懂得很多。
Youngest as he is in our class, he speaks English the best.
他虽然是我们班年龄最小的，但英语说得最好。
知识点二、强调
It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋句子剩余成分
(一)强调人时可用who/that来连接，强调事物时用that来连接。
被强调的可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句，但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。如：
It is I who/that am right.
我才是对的。(强调主语)
(二)强调句的特殊句式
Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out?
第二次世界大战是在1939年爆发的吗？
When was it that you called me yesterday?
你昨天给我打电话是什么时候？
What is it that you want me to do?
你要我做什么？
I didn't realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
→It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
直到她摘掉墨镜我才认出她是著名影星。
(三)用助动词do，does或did来强调谓语动词，用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定的陈述句中，do 还可以用于祈使句。
Do be careful while crossing the street.
过马路时一定要当心。
知识点三、省略
(一)定语从句中作宾语的关系代词that, which, whom常可以省略。
(二)状语从句中的省略现象
1．当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中含be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词。
Once (he was) a teacher, he now works in a government office.
While (I was) walking along the street, I heard my name called.
当我正在沿着大街走时，我听见有人叫我的名字。
The exhibition is more interesting than (it was) expected.
展览比预料的更有趣。
He opened his lips as if (he were) to speak.
他张了张嘴好像有话要说。
2．当从句中的主语是it，谓语动词中又含有系动词be时，可以把it和系动词be一起省略。此时构成连词(if, unless, when, whenever)＋形容词。如：
Unless (it is) necessary, you'd better not refer to the dictionary.
如果没必要，你最好别查词典。
另外，我们还可以用so或not代替上文内容，此时可有“if＋so/not”省略句式：If so和If not。
He may not be at home then. If so (If he is not at home), leave him a note.
他那时也许不在家。如果不在家的话，给他留下个便条。
(三)不定式的省略
1．单独使用不定式符号to，代替动词不定式后被省略的动词，常用在be afraid, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等后边。如：
I asked him to see the film, but he didn't want to.
2．否定形式的省略用not to。
—Shall I go instead of him?
—I prefer you not to.
——我可以代替他去吗？
——我宁可你不去。
3．如果不定式中含有be，have，have been，通常保留be，have和have been。如：
—Are you a sailor?
—No, but I used to be.
——你是个海员吗？
——不是，但我以前是。
—He hasn't finished yet.
—Well, he ought to have.
——他还没完成。
——哦，他早该完成了。
(四)宾语从句中的省略
1．由which, when, where, how和why引导的宾语从句，可全部或部分省去，只保留引导词。
Please pass me one of these books, I don't care which(you pass me)．
请递给我一本书，随便哪一本。
He will come back, but he doesn't know when (he will come back)．
他会回来的，但他不知道什么时候回来。
2．由that引导的宾语从句，连词that可省略，若带有多个宾语从句，只有第一个that可省略，其余不能。
He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.
他说这篇课文非常重要，我们应该背下来。
知识点四、主谓一致
(一)并列主语的主谓一致
1．两个单数名词用and连接，表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词常用复数形式。如：
Tom and Jack were close friends.
汤姆和杰克是亲密的朋友。
2．两个单数名词用and连接，表示同一人、同一物、同一个概念或表示不可分割的整体时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：
The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.
那位歌舞演员将参加我们的晚会。
3．被every, each, many a, no等限定的单数名词由and连接时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。其中，后一个限定词可省略。如：
Each boy and (each) girl has an apple.
每个男孩和每个女孩都有一个苹果。
4．一个单数名词被几个用and连接的并列形容词修饰时，可以指一件事或几件事，这种名词作主语，要根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的数。如：
What he says and does do not agree.
他言行不一致。
Simple and plain living is a fine quality.
生活俭朴是一种优良的品质。
English and American literature are appealing to her.
英国文学和美国文学都对她有吸引力。
5．由and连接的两个what从句作主语时，要根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的数。如：
What he says and does does not concern me.
他的言行与我无关。
6．由or, nor, either...or，neither...nor, not only...but (also)连接的并列主语，通常根据就近原则，谓语动词的单复数形式要和与它邻近的主语的数保持一致。如：
One or two friends are coming this evening.
今天晚上有一两个朋友要来。
Neither I nor he is in favour of her marriage.
我和他都不赞成她的婚姻。
7．“单数名词＋with, along with, together with, as well as, rather than, as much as, but, except等＋名词”作主
语时，谓语仍用单数形式。如：
Dr. Smith, together with his wife, is to arrive on the evening flight.
史密斯博士及其夫人将乘晚班飞机抵达。
Nobody but one teacher and three students was in the laboratory.
除了一个老师和三个学生外，没有人在实验室里。
(二)某些名词作主语时的主谓一致
1．集体名词family, class, crew, team, group, public, audience, crowd, government, committee等作主语时，动词的单复数形式要根据主语所指的意义而定。当把集体名词作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词常用单数形式；如果指其中各个成员时，谓语动词常用复数形式。如：
The class consists of 25 boys and 20 girls.
这个班由25个男生和20个女生组成。
The class are doing experiments.
全班学生正在做实验。
2．由两部分构成的表示物体的名词，如trousers, pants, jeans, compasses, glasses, shorts等作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。但如果这类名词前用了a pair of或two/three/...pairs of来修饰，谓语动词的数往往取决于pair的单复数形式。如：
Your glasses are very nice.
你的眼镜很漂亮。
This pair of trousers is mine.
这条裤子是我的。
(三)数词与量词作主语的主谓一致
1．表示时间、重量、距离、价格、体积等的名词的复数形式作主语，通常当作整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Twenty years is a long time in one's life.
20年在人的一生中是很长的一段时间。
2．分数和百分数修饰可数或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数还是复数取决于它们表示的意义。试比较：
About one third of the books are worth reading.
这些书中大约有1/3值得读一读。
3．有“kind(form, type, sort, species, portion, series) of”等修饰的主语，其谓语形式常取决于这些词的单复
数。如：
This new type of buses is on show.
这种新型的公共汽车现在正在展出。
All kinds of difficulties have to be overcome.
必须克服各种各样的困难。
4．如果主语由“many a/more than one＋单数名词”构成，谓语动词常用单数。如：
Many a page in this book is missing.
这本书缺了许多页。
5．a quantity of及quantities of后既可接复数名词，亦可接不可数名词；a quantity of...作主语时谓语动词的单数形式取决于后面的名词是否可数；而quantities of...作主语时谓语总用复数形式。如：With more forests being destroyed, a large quantity of good earth is being washed away each year.
＝With more forests being destroyed, quantities of good earth are being washed away each year.
随着越来越多的森林被砍伐，每年有大量的沃土被冲走了。
(四)从句中的主谓一致
1．在用it作形式主语的句子中和在用it构成的强调句型中，谓语动词常用单数。如：
It isn't obvious which route would be the best.
哪条路线会是最好的还不明显。
It was he who taught us English last year.
去年是他教我们英语。(强调句型)
知识点五、其他特殊句式
(一)祈使句的固定句式
1．祈使句＋and＋简单句表示“如果……就……”
2．祈使句＋or＋简单句表示“……否则……”
(二)感叹句的固定句式
1．What a(an)＋单数名词＋主语＋谓语！
2．What＋形容词＋复数名词＋主语＋谓语！
3．How＋形容词＋a(an)＋单数名词＋主语＋谓语！
4．How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！
(三)反义疑问句
1．主从复合句，与主句的主谓语保持一致。但当陈述部分是I (We) think/believe/expect/suppose加从句
时，疑问句应和从句的人称时态保持一致。
2．must表示猜测时的反意疑问句
(1)“must be”对现在情况进行推测作一般现在时或现在进行时的附加疑问句进行处理。
3．陈述部分是祈使句，疑问尾句用will you；但如果陈述部分是let's开头的祈使句，疑问尾句用shall we。
高频考点一、考查强调句型
例1、【2018·天津】It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. where
【答案】B
【解析】考查强调句。句意：只有当汽车在我们房子前停下来我们才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。这里考查强调句，强调句型结构为：It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。本题强调时间状语only when the car pulled up in front of our house。故选B。
【变式探究】（2017?天津）It was when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors.
A. who
B. where
C. which
D. that
【答案】D
【解析】句意：当我回到我的公寓的时候，我首先遇见了我的新邻居。根据关键词It was开头，后面连词首选that，，构成强调句型，但需要验证，本句中去掉It was 和that，句意完整，所以确定是强调句型。故选D。
【变式探究】You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel ________ the coach picks up tourists.
【答案】that【解析】句意：你等错地方了。长途汽车来宾馆接游客。本题考查强调句型：It is/was ＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他。本句中at the hotel是被强调部分，缺强调句式中的that，故填that。
【变式探究】Was it because Jack came late for school ______ Mr. Smith got angry?
A. why
B. who
C. where
D. that
【考点】考察强调句型的一般疑问句
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查的特殊句式中强调句的一般疑问句。强调句的基本结构“It is/was+被强调成分
that/who+其他成分”。本题强调的成分较为特殊，强调的是原因状语从句because Jack came late for school。句意：斯密斯先生是因为Jack上学迟到才生气的吗？故D正确。
【举一反三】It was only after he had read the papers ________ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.
A．when B．that
C．which D．what
【答案】B
【解析】句意：只有他看了论文之后，克洛斯先生才意识到摆在他面前的任务很难完成。本题为强调句型，其结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that...，故B项正确。
高频考点二、考查倒装句
例2．(2019·天津卷)The professor warned the students that on no account ________ use mobile phones in his class.
A．should they B．they should
C．dare they D．they dare
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装和情态动词。句意：教授警告学生说在他的课上绝对不应该使用手机。on no account(绝对不)具有否定意义，置于句首时，句子应使用部分倒装结构；再结合句意“不应该”可知，应选A。
【举一反三】（2017?江苏）_______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A. It were
B. Were it
C. It was
D. Was it
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故选B。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该生是无法克服她自己的困难的。
【变式探究】Not until recently ______the development of tour ist-related activities in the rural areas.
A. they had encouraged
B. had they encouraged
C. did they encourage
D. they encouraged
【答案】C
【解析】句意：直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。当not until所引导的时间状语放在句首时，主句要使用部分倒装。故C项正确。
【变式探究】No sooner ________ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
A. had Mo Yan
B. Mo Yan had
C. has Mo Yan
D. Mo Yan has
【答案】A
【解析】本题中的固定句式no sooner… than…一…就…；当否定词放在句首的时候，主句中要使用部分倒装的形式。句义：莫言一走上舞台，观众就爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。根据句义可知莫言走上舞台是在观众鼓掌之前，而观众鼓掌已经使用了一般过去时，在这之前的动作要使用过去完成时。同时要使用倒装句式。故A正确。
【举一反三】Only when you can find peace in your heart _____good relationships with others.
A. will you keep
B. you will keep
C. you kept
D. did you keep
【答案】A
【解析】本题考察的是only的倒装句。当only放在句首，且强调的是状语的时候，需要使用部分倒装的形式。本题中only放在了句首，强调的是时间状语从句when you can find peace in your heart，所以后面的主句要使用倒装句。D项的时态错误。句义：只有当你取得内心的安宁以后，你才可以和别人保持良好的关系。故A正确。
高频考点三主谓一致
例3．【2019·江苏卷】22.The musician along with his band members ___________ ten performances in the last three months.
A. gives
B. has given
C. have given
D. give
【答案】B
【解析】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“in the last three months”可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，故排除AD选项。本句主语为the musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
【举一反三】(2017·江苏卷)The publication of Great Expectations，which________both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.
A．is B．are
C．was D．were
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态与主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，which指代Great Expectations这本书，故定语从句中的谓语动词应该使用单数形式；根据句中的strengthened可知，应使用一般过去时态。故答案为C。
【举一反三】It is important to remember that success ________ a sum of small efforts made each day and often ________ years to achieve.
A．is；takes B．are；takes
C．are；take D．is；take
【答案】A
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：重要的是要记住，成功是每天所做的一些小小的努力的总和，它常常需要很多年的时间才能实现。此处success是不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，故选A项。
【变式探究】The scientists claimed that only now and then ________ this kind of bird living in the wild.
A．they could see B．could they see
C．they have seen D．have they seen
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态和倒装。句意：科学家们称他们只是偶尔能看到处于野生状态的这种鸟。分析句子结构可知，“only＋状语”位于宾语从句句首，从句的主语和谓语应用倒装。结合句中的“claimed”“now and then”及选项可知，此处陈述过去的某种事实，应用一般过去时。故选B。
【变式探究】Among the biggest problems facing those remote mountainous villages ________ the lack of experienced teachers.
A．is B．are
C．is there D．are there
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装句和主谓一致。表示方位的介词短语置于句首时，句子要用全部倒装，而本题中的介词短语“Among the biggest problems facing those remote mountainous villages”正是表示抽象的方位的，所以本句要用全部倒装，而且主语为单数名词the lack，故选A项。
高频考点四省略
例4．Video games can be a poor influence if ________ in the wrong hands.
A．to leave B．leaving
C．leave D．left
【答案】D
【解析】考查省略句。句意：如果落在不合适的人的手中，电子游戏就会有一个很坏的影响。leave的逻辑主语是video games，主语video games与leave之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。if left...是“连词＋过去分词”构成的状语从句的省略。
【举一反三】If ________ for the job，you’ll be informed soon.
A．to accept B．accept
C．accepting D．accepted
【答案】D
【解析】考查省略句。句意：如果你被接受做这份工作，你很快就会接到通知。句中you与accept之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，所以答案为D。本题中if之后省略了主语和be动词，补充完整为：If you are accepted for the job，you’ll be informed soon.。
【变式探究】The climate here is quite pleasant，the temperature rarely，________，reaching 30℃in summer.
A．if not B．if ever
C．if any D．if so
【答案】B
【解析】考查省略句。句意：这里的气候宜人，如果曾经有的话，在夏季气温极少达到30摄氏度。if not 如果不；if ever如果曾经有，如果曾经发生；if any如果有的话；if so如果是这样的话。根据句中的关键词quite pleasant(宜人)，rarely(极少)可知，空格处表达的意思是“如果曾经有(if ever)”。
【变式探究】The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police ________．A．not to do B．not to
C．not do D．do not
【答案】B
【解析】考查省略。句意：那个司机想把车停靠在路边，但是警察不允许他这样做。这里为了避免重复，省略与前文相同的部分，只保留不定式符号to。补充完整后应为“was asked by the police not to park his car near the roadside”。
高频考点五其他特殊句式
例5．(2018·北京卷)In any unsafe situation, simply ________ the button and a highly－trained agent will get you the help you need.
A．press B．to press
C．pressing D．pressed
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定句型。句意：在任何不安全的情况下，只要按下按钮，一个训练有素的代理人就会给你需要的帮助。根据句子结构可知，此处为祈使句，所以用动词原形。
【举一反三】—I spent two weeks in London last summer.
—Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay，________ you?
A．mustn’t B．haven’t
C．didn’t D．hadn’t
【答案】C
【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意：——去年夏天，我在伦敦度过了两个星期。——那么，在此期间你肯定参观了英国博物馆，是不是？must have done结构在句中表示对过去事情的肯定推测，当句末有反意疑问的语气时，可分为两种情况：(1)句中没有明确的过去时间状语时，反意疑问句结构为“haven’t/hasn’t...？”；
(2)句中有明确的过去时间状语时，反意疑问句结构为“didn’t...？”。根据题干中的过去时间状语last summer 以及during your stay可知，反意疑问句的结构应用第二种情况。
【变式探究】Every day ________ a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.
A．read B．reading
C．to read D．reads
【答案】A
【解析】考查祈使句。句意：每天都要大声朗读几遍谚语，直到你能背诵为止。连词until引导时间状语从句，前面为主句，主句是一个祈使句，故选A。
【变式探究】The old president of that company must have donated most of his money to the charity and those in need, ________？
A．didn’t he B．doesn’t he
C．hasn’t he D．mustn’t he
【答案】C
【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意：那个公司年迈的董事长肯定把他大部分的钱捐献给了慈善机构和那些贫困的人，不是吗？当must用来表示对过去情况进行推测(must have done)时，如果强调动作的完成(此时句中一般没有表示过去的时间状语)，反意疑问句部分用“haven’t/hasn’t＋主语”。
1.（2019·新课标I卷）Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _____ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
【答案】are
【解析】时态和考查主谓一致。根据three are declining，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”，故用复数谓语，一般现在时，故填are。
2．(2019·天津卷)The professor warned the students that on no account ________ use mobile phones in his class.
A．should they B．they should
C．dare they D．they dare
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装和情态动词。句意：教授警告学生说在他的课上绝对不应该使用手机。on no account(绝对不)具有否定意义，置于句首时，句子应使用部分倒装结构；再结合句意“不应该”可知，应选A。
1.【2018·北京】In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.
A. press
B. to press
C. pressing
D. pressed
【答案】A
【解析】考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情况下，仅仅摁一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的特工就会使你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词，连接并列结构，and后面是一个句子，那么，前面也应是句子，选项中只有动词原形可以构成祈使句，其余的都是非谓语动词，无法构成句子。故A选项正确。
2.【2018·天津】It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. where
【答案】B
【解析】考查强调句。句意：只有当汽车在我们房子前停下来我们才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。这里考查强调句，强调句型结构为：It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。本题强调时间状语only when the car pulled up in front of our house。故选B。
1．（2017?江苏）_______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A. It were
B. Were it
C. It was
D. Was it
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故选B。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该生是无法克服她自己的困难的。
2．（2017?江苏）_______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A. It were
B. Were it
C. It was
D. Was it
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故选B。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该生是无法克服她自己的困难的。
3．（2017·江苏卷·单项填空）____________ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A. It were
B. Were it
C. It was
D. Was it
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气的省略。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故选B。
4．（2017?江苏）_______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A. It were
B. Were it
C. It was
D. Was it
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故选B。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该生是无法克服她自己的困难的。
5．（2017?江苏）_______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A. It were
B. Were it
C. It was
D. Was it
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故选B。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该生是无法克服她自己的困难的。
6.(2017·江苏卷) ____________ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A. It were
B. Were it
C. It was
D. Was it
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气的省略。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故选B。
7．（2017?江苏）_______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A. It were
B. Were it
C. It was
D. Was it
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故选B。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该生是无法克服她自己的困难的。
8．（2017?天津）It was when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors.
A. who
B. where
C. which
D. that
【答案】D
【解析】句意：当我回到我的公寓的时候，我首先遇见了我的新邻居。根据关键词It was开头，后面连词首选that，，构成强调句型，但需要验证，本句中去掉It was 和that，句意完整，所以确定是强调句型。故选D。
1．(2016·新课标Ⅱ，50)It could be anything—gardening，cooking，music，sports—but whatever it is，________(make)sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
【答案】make
【解析】句意：它可以是园艺、烹饪、音乐、运动等任何事情，但是，无论它是什么，务必保证它是让你释放压力而不是让你担忧的事。句中动词短语置于句首，构成祈使句，故用动词原形。
2．(2016·天津，13)You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel ________ the coach picks up tourists.
【答案】that
【解析】句意：你等错地方了。长途汽车来宾馆接游客。本题考查强调句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他。本句中at the hotel是被强调部分，缺强调句式中的that，故填that。
3.【2016·江苏】3
4.Not until recently ______the development of tour ist-related activities in the rural areas.
A. they had encouraged
B. had they encouraged
C. did they encourage
D. they encouraged
【答案】C
【解析】句意：直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。当not until所引导的时间状语放在句首时，主句要使用部分倒装。故C项正确。
文言文特殊句式专题练习(带答案)教学内容
文言文特殊句式专题练习(带答案)
文言文特殊句式专题练习 (一) 1、选出不属于判断句的一项( ) A、城北徐公，齐国之美丽者也 B、然而不王者，未之有也 C、无伤也，是乃仁术也 D、斯固百世之遇也 2、选出不属于被动句的一项( ) A、予犹记周公之被逮 B、洎牧以谗诛 C、以其无礼于晋，且贰于楚也 D、智勇多困于所溺 3、选出不属于宾语前置句的一项( ) A、能谤讥于市朝，闻寡人之耳者 B、闻道百，以为莫己若者 C、安在沛公能急人之困也 D、何由知吾可也 4、选出不属于定语后置句的一项( ) A、村中少年好事者驯养一虫 B、族秦者秦也，非天下也 C、石之铿然有声者 D、缙绅而能不易其志者 5、选出不属于状语后置句的一项( ) A、洞庭君安在哉 B、以勇气闻于诸候 C、青，取之于蓝 D、虽董之以严刑 6、选出不属于省略句的一项( ) A、今以钟磬置水中 B、吾从而师之 C、沛公居山东时 D、百姓之不见保 7、选出句式与其他三句不同的一项( ) A、何以能鼓乐也 B、不然，籍何以至此 C、长安君何以自托于赵 D、至于誓天断发，泣下沾襟，何其衰也 8、选出句式与其他三句不同的一项( ) A、秦城恐不可得，徒见欺 B、君既若见录，不久望君来 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除
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高考英语特殊句式公司内部编号：（GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-
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2021届新高考版高考英语一轮复习训练：第二部分专题十一 特殊句式
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2018年英语高考单项填空：特殊句式专项复习含答案
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2019届高考英语一轮复习 第二部分 语法专练 专题十 特殊句式(倒装、强调和省略等)基础巩固 外研版
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专题11 特殊句式(强调 倒装及其他)
2014高考英语黄金易错点专题汇编专题08 形容词性从句 1.I Walked in our garden, Tom and Jim were trying a big sign onto one of the trees. A. which B. when C. where D. that 2. The famous basketball star, __tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. A. Where B. When C. Which D. Who 3. I Can think of many cases students obviously knew a lot of English words and ex pressions but couldn’t write a good essay. A. Why B. Which C. as D. where 4.There were dirty marks on her trousers __ she had wiped her hands. A. Where B. Which C. When D. that 5. The joureny around the world took the old sailor nine months, the sailing time was 226 days. A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which 6. Alec asked the policeman __ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident. A. with him B. who C. with whom D. whom 7.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, __ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose 8.I have many friend, __ some are business. A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom 9. The word “write ”has the same pronunciation __ the word “right” A. of B. as C. to D. from 10 Do you know the girl to __ your class teacher is talking? A. that B. whom C. who D. which
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专题十一特殊句式 考点聚焦 一、强调句 陈述句型：It is/was +被强调部分+that/who... 一般疑问句式：Is/Was it +被强调部分+that/who... 疑问句式：特殊疑问词（被强调部分）is/was it that/who...? It is/was + not until...+that/who 使用助动词do/does/did强调 Eg:It was in the park that Tom lost his watch. It was him that/who we met at the school gate. Was it yesterday that you met your old friend in the supermarket? Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out. Who was it that broke the window? What is it that you want me to do? It was not until ten ten o’clock that he went to bed. Do be careful! He does enjoy drawing. 二、倒装 1、全部倒装 方位名词、副词或介词短语位于句首 such位于句首 Eg:Here comes the train to Beijing. On top of the mountain stands an ancient temple.
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