第八届河南省翻译竞赛试题及答案·英语专业组
河南省第八届翻译竞赛试题及参考译文
笔译类英语专业组
I. Translate the Following Passage into Chinese (50 Points)：
Life of Socrates
Socrates was born in Athens, 469 B. C., the son of poor parents, his father being a sculptor, his mother a midwife. How he acquired an education, we do not know, but his love of knowledge evidently created opportunities in the cultured city for intellectual growth. He took up the occupation of his father, but soon felt “a divine vocation to examine himself by questioning other men.”It was his custom to engage in converse with all sorts and conditions of men and women, on the streets, in the market-place, in the gymnasia, discussing the most diverse topics: war, politics, marriage, friendship, love, housekeeping, the arts and trades, poetry, religion, science, and, particularly, moral matters.
Nothing human was foreign to him. Life with all its interests became the subject of his inquiries, and only the physical side of the world left him cold; he declared that he could learn nothing from trees and stones. He was subtle and keen, quick to discover the fallacies in an argument and skillful in steering the conversation to the very heart of the matter. Though kindly and gentle in disposition, and brimming over with good humor, he delighted in exposing the quacks and humbugs of his time and pricking their empty bubbles with his wit.
Socrates exemplified in his conduct the virtues which he taught: he was a man of remarkable self-control, magnanimous, noble, frugal, and capable of great endurance; and his wants were few. He gave ample proof, during his life of seventy years, of physical and moral courage in war and in the performance of his political duties. Condemned by his own people, on a false charge of atheism and of corrupting the youth, to drink the poison hemlock (399 B. C.), he died as beautifully as he lived.
参考译文：
苏格拉底的生平（1分）
1苏格拉底于公元前469年生于雅典，父母是穷人。（2分）2父亲是雕刻家，母亲是助产士。（2分）3他怎样受的教育，我们不得而知。（3分）4但他对知识的热爱，在这有文化的城市里显然为他的知识增长创造了机会。（3分）5他继承父业，不久感到“神谕要他借询问别人来考察自己”。（3分）6他有一种习惯，在大街上、市场里和运动场里同各种处于不同情况的男人和女人谈话，讨论各式各样的问题，如战争、政治、婚姻、友谊、爱情、家政、艺术、商业、诗歌、宗教和科学，特别是道德问题。（6分）
7他熟悉人类的一切事务，人生的各个方面都是他研究的课题。（3分）8他只对物理世界不感兴趣，因为他宣称从树木和石头那里学不到什么。（3分）9他精明敏锐，能很快发现辩论中的谬误，善于把谈话引到问题的核心。（4分）10他虽然性情温和文雅，谈笑风生，
却喜欢揭露那时代的江湖骗子，用他的智慧戳穿他们空虚的老底。（5分）
11苏格拉底的行为体现他所教导的德性。（3分）12他极为克己、豪爽、高尚、勤俭，有很大的耐性，没什么欲望。（4分）13在七十年的一生中，在战争和执行政治任务时，他在行动和精神上都表明他很有勇气。（3分）14因被诬告为不信神和腐蚀青年，他被国人判处死刑，于公元前399年饮鸩而死。（3分）15他死得像活着时一样壮丽。（2分）
II. Translate the Following Passage into English. (50 Points)
九旬院士台上拄拐作报告，90后学生台下一片片睡到，一大早看到新闻中这样的画面对比，真让人难过！有人说这像个笑话，不错，学生素质沦落至此，品德教育失败至此，的确像个笑话。
发生这样的事情，大多数人都表示很气愤，而学生则成为众矢之的。大家普遍认为，首先，一个人应该有起码的尊重知识的礼貌！退一步讲，一个人应该有起码的尊重老人的礼貌！德高望重的老前辈以92岁高龄，仍孜孜不倦，为大家传道授业解惑，作为后生，怎好意思睡？
其实不光听讲座，如今大学生课堂上睡觉、逃课也是家常便饭。这固然有老师讲课不吸引人的原因，可大学生个人素质的滑坡，也着实堪忧。老师讲的是做人道理，学生想的是功名利禄；老师讲的是终
身发展，学生要的是急功近利；老师讲的是如何走正道，学生想的是如何走捷径。须知课堂上趴着，人生中很可能会趴下；课堂上睡倒的，不仅仅是学生的身体，还有他们的教养、道德和灵魂。
此情此景，令人堪忧。千年的精气神若为物质充裕，而理想迷失，则未来何处去？江山何人守？少年强则国强，如果我们的少年都是这种状态，如何能志存高远，身体力行？不但其个人发展令人堪忧，国家的发展和民族的梦想也十分堪忧。
参考译文:
Rows of students born in the 1990s fell asleep amid a presentation delivered by an academician in his nineties and on crutches! (2分) A stark comparison of photos carried in the morning news coverage is truly saddening. (2分) Some call it a pathetic joke. That makes perfect sense, given the fall in morality of students and failed moral education in China. (3分)
Most people feel outraged by such a shameful happening, and those students shown in the photos come under fire. (3分) After all, one must be courteous enough to respect knowledge in the first place. (1分) Students must show due respect to the lecturer as he is imparting knowledge to them, to say the least. (2分) How could the post-90s
students have the nerve to fall asleep when a venerable professor was giving a lecture tirelessly at the age of 92? (3分)
Presentation aside, it has become the norm for some college students to sleep in class or play truant. (2分) This naturally has something to do with unappealing lecturers, but the fall in morality is also a cause for concern. (2分) While teachers lecture on how to be an upright man, students crave for fame and fortune. (3分) Teachers talk about lifelong learning, but students seek instant success. (3分)Teachers shed light on how to succeed in an honest way, yet students look for a shortcut. (3分) Those students must be aware of potential failure later on due to their sleep in class now. (4分) Sleep in class means more than just physical lethargy, which reflects degradation in their soul, morality and upbringing. (4分)
Alas! This is a truly worrisome development. (2分) What will future hold for them and where will China go from here once these students are totally materialistic without any lofty ideals? (4分) A promising younger generation leads to a stronger nation. (1分) But how can we count on these discouraging students to harbor ambitions and practice what they preach going forward? (3分) Ultimately, if this goes unchecked, their personal growth, our nation-building and the Chinese dream will remain elusive. (3分)
实用英文写作与翻译作业与参考答案21
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(英语)英语翻译专项习题及答案解析含解析
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英语翻译题目及答案
1)你应该适当花一点时间休息和锻炼。(reasonable) You should spend a reasonable amount of time relaxing and exercising. 2) 总的来说，孩子们比过去任何时候都更健康，受到了更好的教育。(in general) In general, children are healthier and better educated than ever before. 3) 待适当的机会来临，他就能抓住。(come along) Wh en the right opportunity comes along, he’ll take it. 4）每天他都留出点时间跟家人在一起，享受生活。(set aside) Every day he sets aside some time to be with his family and enjoy life 5) 我记得那些黑暗的街道以及同父亲手拉手走路的情景。(hand in hand) I remember those dark streets and walking hand in hand with my father 6) 他最终辜负了父母的期望。(live up to) He finally failed to live up to his parents’ expectations. 相比之下，我们的用油量大幅度上升了。(in contrast) In contrast, our use of oil has increased enormously. 8) 经过努力，他成功地克服了自己的致命弱点。(overcome) He succeeded in his efforts to overcome his fatal weakness. 1) 人们认为，悲观常常会导致绝望、疾病和失败。 It is believed that pessimism often leads to hopelessness, sickness and failure. 2) 与此相反，乐观主义能使你幸福、健康和成功。 Optimism, by contrast, can make you happy, healthy and successful. 3) 当你做某件事失败时，把失败当作一种学习的经历从中汲取益处。 When you fail in something, profit from the failure as a learning experience ) 在问题或困难面前，要想想自己的长处并树立起自信心。 Think about your strengths and build up self-confidence in front of problems or difficulties. 5) 不要让消极的想法阻碍你。 Don’t let negative thoughts hold y ou back. 6) 每个人都经历过失败和失望，因此不要过多地责怪自己。 Everyone has experienced failures and disappointments, so don’t blame yourself too much. 1) She wore a dress ____with a pattern of rose__________ (有玫瑰图案) on it. 2) Helen had ____prepared a wonderful/good meal for us_ (为我们准备了一顿丰盛的饭菜). 3) Ann _______promised faithfully___ (信誓旦旦地保证) that she would never tell. 4) Could you ____deliver this letter__ (把这封信送到) to the accounts department? 5) We were offered ____a selection of milk and plain____chocolate (精选的牛奶巧克力和纯巧克力). 6) Tell the children to ___keep out of mischief / behave themselves_____(别胡闹). 7) We could hear _____the sound of distant thunder_____ (远处打雷的声音). 8) The project has now __received approval from the government (得到政府的批准). 9) Kelly loved her husband ____in spite of the fact that he drank too much (虽然他喝酒太多). 10) Experts seem unable to ____agree whether the drug is safe or not_ (就这个药是否安全取得一致意见). 1. Not every bomb has hit its target. 并非每个炸弹都击中了目标。 2. We can have one or the other but not both simultaneously. 我们能够得到其中一个，但不能同时两个都有。 3. She wanted nothing more than work. 她只想要工作。 4. You cannot be too careful. 你越仔细越好。 5. I have yet to receive an apology from a child who just ran over my foot while chasing a sibling. 有个小孩在追逐自家的兄弟姐妹时踩了我的脚，却仍未向我道歉。 1. 并非所有父母都和你一样能提供很多情况。 Not all parents are as informative as you
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