高考英语分类题库、解析 第19集 完形填空命题点2 人物故事01
高考英语分类题库、解析第19集完形填空命题点2 人物
故事01
人物故事01
本类考题解答锦囊
人物介绍也是高考完形填空经常选用的题材。作者所选的人物都是非常具有特点的，这
些人物往往具有独特的品质或经历，值得人们学习或从中吸取教训。因此把握这些人物的特
点和品质是做好这类完形填空的关键。
Ⅰ高考最新热门题
1.(典型例题)
Tracy Wong is a well-known Chinese American writer. But her writing 1 was something she picked up by herself. After her first 2 , teaching disabled children, she became a part-time writer for IBM. 3 , writing stories was simply
a 4 interest. Tracy sent three of her stories to a publisher (出版商) . 5 , they immediately sug gested that she put them together to make a single one long
6 and paid Tracy a $ 50,000 advance. "A pretty money," said the publisher, "for
7 writer."
8 Tracy's characters (人物)are in teresting, her stories sometimes 9 readers uneasy: those about the supernat- ural. "My mother believed I could 10 the afterlife world," she told a close friend. "She used to have me speak with my grandmother, who died many years ago. '
"Can I? I don't think I can," Tracy said with a laugh. "But I do have 11 when things come to me 12 . "Once, she was wondering how to complete a 13 set in ancient (古代的) China. 14 the doorbell rang. It was a FedEx delivery man, with
a copy of a book on Chinese 15 . It cawithout her having 16 it.
Though she has published 10 books, Tracy has remain 17 by her fame. She lives in the same 18 , she lived years ago although in a more comfortable home. There's mc room for 19 in her life-and it wasn't just 20 .
1. A. skill B. experience C. practice D. method
2. A. duty B. effort C. job D. task
3. A. Instead B. Normally C. Certainly D. Then
4. A. general B. deep C. personal D. lively
5. A. Interested B. Anxiously
C. Seriously
D. Encouraged
6. A. film B. story
C. program
D. article
7. A. a foreign B. a popular
C. an unusual
D. an unknown
8. A. Now that B. Even though
C. Just because
D. Except that
9. A. find B. turn C. leave D. hold
10. A. make up B. connect with
C. control
D. explain
11. A. events B. chances C. feelings D. moments
12. A. for no reason B. from a distance
C. by accident
D. as gifts
13. A. description B. pointing
C. scene
D. talk
l4. A. Surprisingly B. Suddenly
C. Expectedly
D. Fortunately
15. A. cooking B. history C. play D. medicine
16. A. known B. sent C. realized D. ordered
17. A. unchanged B. excited
C. determined
D. unmoved
18. A. life B. city C. house D. way
19. A. success B. work C. joy D. variety
20. A. writing B. reporting
C. luck
D. fun
命题目的与解题技巧：此文是完形填空中的人物故事题材，考学生对文章的整体理解，文章记叙了TracyWong从最初把写作为个人爱好到出版了许多书，最后取得成功，做好此类题型的关键是把握好人物的特点和品质。
答案：
1.A解析：她的写作技能是她“偶然学到”的，pickup当“偶然学到”讲，可以说pick 叩alanguage／askill等。本题干扰性最大的是experience，“经验”只能是慢慢“积累”而不能是“偶然”学到；practice意思是“实践”，与pick叩也不搭配；method可以跟pick 叩搭配，但此处不是指写作“方法”，而是写作“技巧”。
2.C解析：空后的teachingdisabledchildren是前面内容的同位语，教残疾儿童应是一种工作，且后文有"part-timewriter'’ (业余作家)，也说明她有一份工作。
3.D解析：此处指“当时”她成为IBM的业余作者时，写作仅仅是个人爱好，故用then ＝atthattime．其他选项没有把握好上下文的逻辑关系。
4．C解析：全句意为：在当时，写作／写故事不过是她的一项个人兴趣(不是工作或谋生的手段)。
5．A 解析：此空选A，是因为他们(出版商)感兴趣，此处interested与主语是被动的主谓关系，如不感兴趣，他们便不会提建议了。此处出版商不可能是“着急”“严肃”或“受鼓励”。
6．B解析：出版商(或编辑们)建议她(把三个故事)放在一起，组成一部长篇小说，所以此空填B由语境可排除其他选项，她写的不是“电影”“程序”，也不是“文章”。
7．D 解析：出版商人预付了Tracy 5万美元，且说：对一个不出名的作者来说这是一笔不小的数目。此处的pretty近于 alarge／considerablesur sum of，意为“挺不错、够多了”，从逻辑分析看，5万美元对于外国的／受欢迎的/非凡的作者就可能显得少了。
8.B解析：此处构成的只能是让步关系，表示“尽管”她小说中的人物非常有趣，但有时却使读者感到不自在，故用even though／if now that"既然”，引导原因状语从句；C 是原因状语从句；D是介词后的宾语从句，意为“除了”。 )
9．C 解析：leave意为“使……处于某种状态”，即“她的故事有时候使读者处于不安状态中。“uneasy”是宾语补足语，符合leave的用法。findsb．．．意思是“发现某人……”不合题意；其他动词不合搭配。
10．B 解析：根据后句"SheusedtO．．．yearsago"(她过去常常让我同已死去多年的祖
母说话)可知，母亲相信作者能和人死后所去的世界沟通。故选amakeup“编造；构成比例”，不合题意；control"控制”；explain"解释”都不合逻辑，因为没有人能够控制或解释人死
后的世界。
11．D 解析：此处是说她生活中有些“时刻”非常奇怪，令人难以置信。
12．A 解析：Tracy认为自己不能与阴间沟通，但她的确遇到过无缘无故就发生了事
情的时候，后文无缘无故得到的那本书便是例子。所以此空填fornoreason(无缘无故、不
知为什么)。fromadistance"从远处”；byaccident“偶然地”；asgifts"作为礼物”均不合
语境。
13．C 解析：空后的“set in ancient China"是过去分词作定语，修饰空内要填的词，意即：(时空)设定在古代中国的……，据此填scene最好。全句的意思是：有一次，她正
不知道怎么样完成一个设定在古代中国的场面。此时她在写作。B项和D项均不妥，她不是
在绘画或交谈；A项description(描述)肯定会有很强的干扰性，但与后面作定语的分词短
语搭配不当。“一个设定在古代中国的描述”肯定不妥。
14．B 解析：门铃突然响了，合乎情理。门铃响应不是令人吃惊的事(排除A)，但也
不是意料中所指望的事(排除C)fortunately多指危险中出现了转机或好事，用于此处有些
夸大，且fortunately多被逗号同句子隔开。
15．B 解析：Tracy写古代中国的场面时遇到困难，一本书中雪中送炭，帮了大忙。
这本书应该是关于中国历史的，如这本书是关于其他方面的，就帮不上忙了。
16．D 解析：她没订购这本书，这本书就在需要时刻来了，正符合上文的“无缘无故
就发生了一些事的时候”。
17．A 解析：本句中的though是关键词，下文的sallie也给提示。全句意思是：尽
管她已出版了10部著作(应该名利双收了)，但盛名之下，她并没有改变。后文的“She lives in the same．．．she lived 27 yearsago．”也说明她没多大变化。
unmoved的意思是“没有被感动”，用在此处不合语境。
18．D解析：空后的"Shelived 27yearsago”是定语从句，修饰所填的词，只有先行词
是way才合理，句意才能通顺，与上下文相符合：她的生活方式仍与27年前一样。如选其
他三项，空后应有一关系副词，且与下文不符。
28．C 解析：此处是说她“快乐的事情”很多，不仅仅是写作。此处作者强调这位
女作家很会享受生活，这样可排除其他干扰项。
20．A 解析：此处是说除了“写作”，她还有很多其他的爱好。把握好人物的身份和职
业可排除其他选项。
Ⅱ题点经典类型题
1. (典型例题拟)
I am my mother's third child. When I was born, her doctor gently explained to my mother that my left arm was 1 , below the elbow(肘部). Then he gave her some 2 : "Don't treat her any 3 from the other girls. Demand more" And she 4 ! My mother bad to work to 5 our family. There were five girls in our family and we all bad to 6 .Onee when I was about seven, I em'ne out of the 7 ,"Mom, I can't peel (削......皮)potatoes. Ionly have one band."
"You get back to peel those potatoes, and don't ever use that as a(n) 8 for anything again!"
Of course I could peel potatoes with my good band, while holding them down with my 9 arm. There was always a 10 ,and Mom knew it, "If you try hard 11 ,"she'd say, "you can do anything."
Once in the second grade, our teacher had each of us race across the monkey bars (高抵杠).
When it was my turn, I 12 my head. Some kids 13 I went home crying. After work the next afternoon, Mom 14 me back to the school ground.
"Now, 15 up with your right arm", she advised. She stood by 16 I practiced, and she 17 me when I made progress.
I'll never forget the 18 time I was crossing the bars. The kids were standing there with their mouts open. It was the way with everything, when I 19 I can't handle (处理)things, I see Mom's smile again. She bad the hear to 20 anyting. And she taught me I could, too.
1. A. missing B. broken C. diseased D. short
2. Pt. warning B. medicine C. help D. advice
3. A. badly B. differentlyC. well D. normally
4. A. did B. refused C. cried D. was
5. A. care B. help C. support D. feed
6. A. pay attention B. work out
C. carry out
D. help out
7. A. kitchen B. bedroom
C. house
D. schcol
8. A. idea B. change
C. excuse
D. explanation
9. A. lost B. other C. next D. longer
10. A. chance B. way C. time D. success
11. A. enough B. too C. again D. often
12. A. hurt B. nodded C. shock D. turned
13. A. cheered B. whispered C. joked D. laughed
14. A. drove B. took C. sellt D. carried
15. A. pull B. jump C. stand D. rise
16. A. before B. as C. after D. until
17. A. helped B. raised C. praised D. protected
18. A. first B. last C. wonderful D. next
19. A. admit B. fear C. find D. realize
20. A. face B. teach C. learn D. solve
1．A. 解析：联系下文我们可以得知，出生时，“我”左胳臂肘以下的部分缺少。从下文可知，作者的胳膊不是断了(bro—
ken)，也不是生病(diseased)，而是没有。
2. D 解析：从空后的句子我们得知，这是医生给“我”母亲的建议，要母亲像对待一个正
常的孩子那样对待“我”。此处医生给我母亲的不是“警告”，也不是“帮助”，更不是“药”。3．B 解析：从下句demandmore可以得知，医生要“我”母亲不要因为“我”的残疾就把“我”与其他孩子区别对待。从后面的介词from可排除其他选项，不合搭配。
4．A 解析：did在此相当于demandedmore，此处强调母亲确实照医生的话做了。B、C不
合题意。D用于替代句中的系表结构，而此处demandmore是实意动词。
5．C 解析：support在这里是“支撑，养活”的意思，说明母亲要工作来养家糊口。从母
亲的艰辛这一点可排除其他动词； care"关心”'feed"喂养”。
6．D 解析：从下文“我”剥土豆皮的经历可得知“我们”姐妹几个都帮母亲的忙。help out 当“帮助”讲'pay attention"注意”；workout"解决问题；出现……结果”；carry out"执行(任务等)”，都不合题意。
7．A 解析：从空后的"Mom，Ican't peelpotatoes．”看，“我”从厨房走出来。从作者削土豆这——具体的语境可排除其他选项。
8. C 解析：空前的that指代“我”所说的Ican't peel potatoes，I only have one hand．母亲认为那是借口，故用eXCUS~“主
意”“变化”“解释”在此都不合逻辑。
9．B 解析：用右手剥皮，用左胳膊把土豆握住，myotherarm 指失去肘部以下的那只胳膊。lost"失踪的、丢失的”，往往指整个东西，而此处作者的胳膊仅仅缺少了半截；next"下一个”指次序；longer不合逻辑。
10．B 解析：从下文"if you try hard 11(enough)，you can do anything．”我们得知，“我”认为办法总是有的。此处指的是有“办法”，其他选项不合题意。
11．A 解析：enough在这里做程度副词，修饰前面的副词hard．题意为：假如你足够努力，你什么事情都可以做。100表示两种两样的情况；again表示动作的重复，都不合题意。12．C 解析：从下句我们知道，这次“我”没有做，因此当老师要“我”做的时候，“我”摇头拒绝，因此用shock．从下文以及作者是残疾人这一点可排除其他选项。
13．D 解析：在这里作者是说有几个孩子嘲笑“我”，用laugh at sb A、C有较大干扰性，cheered多表达因为成功、喜悦而欢呼庆祝，而joke指开玩笑。
14．B 解析：take sb．t。a place意思是“领着某人去某地”。drivesb．t。意为“开车拉送某人到什么地方”；send sb．To a place意为“派某人去某地”；carry sb．t。意为“携带某人去某地”。
15．A 解析：pull up在这里指把身体拉上去。在这里母亲要“我”用右手把身体拉上高低杠。pull表示“拉，牵引”。因为后面有“用你的右手”的信息限制，因此排除其他选项。16．B 解析：as在此相当于when或while，在我练习的时候，母亲站在一边。此处表示两个动作同时发生，因此排除其他选项。
17．C 解析：在“我”有进步时，母亲表场“我”。由前面“进步”信息提示，可排除“帮助”“抬”“保护”。
18．D 解析：thenext time指自那次以后的下一次；the firsttime“第一次”；thelasttime"上一次，最后一次”；thewonderfultime"最美好的时光”都不合语境。
19．B解析：不能够处理事情是“我”的担心，故用fear，相当于beafraid．其他答案均有一定干扰性，联系上下文我们知道，母亲一直鼓励“我”不要把自己看作残疾人，她要求“我”做正常人所做的一切事情。admit“承认”，realize"意识到”，此处都不合语境。20. A 解析：“她用心去面对一切事情”。D项有一定干扰性，从空前的heart我们得知，母亲从心理上能勇敢面对一切困难。
Ⅲ新高考命题探究
CIoze 1
Many children may be fond of animals, but few ever think of making the study of animals their career (职业). Even fewer will be 1 by the whole world, 2 the title of United Nations Messenger (使者)of Peace.
3 one woman has achieved all that. She has lived with chimpanzees(黑猩猩) in the African forest for more than 20 years and made great
4 . This woman is Jane Goodall. She was born in London, England, in 1934. Goodall's lifelong
5 in animals began at an early age. By the age of 10 or 11, Goodall
6 going
to Africa to live with animals. This was quite a strange dream in those days, as young 7 didn't think of having such "wild actions. But she was 8 by her mother. She told her that if she really wanted somtehing, she should work hard, take advantage of 9 and never give up looking for a way.
When a close friend invited Goodall to Kenya in 1957, she readily 10 within a few months of her arrival she met the famous anthropologist (人类学家)Dr. Louis Leakey, who soon decided that Goodall was the 11 person he was looking for to begin a 12 of wild chimpanzees on the shore of Lake Tanganyika in Tanzania. In July 1960, Goodall arrived at Combe National Park in Tanzania. At the beginning, studying the chimpanzees was not
13 for her. The animals fled from her 14 , so it took months for her to get close to them. With a strong 15 ,she searched the forest every day, trying not to get too close to the chimpanzees too 16 . Gradually the chimpanzees became used to her presence.
She discovered many things of chimpanzees during her first years at Combe National Park. In October 1960, she observed a chimpanzee making and using 17 to fish for termites (蚂蚁). This discovery threw 18 on the popular idea at the time that Man was the world's only toolmaker. The longer Goodall's research continues, the more it becomes obvious that chimpanzees are very 19 to humans.
Since the mid-1980s Goodall has been lecturing around the world to raise people's sense about environmental 20 "Let's live in the new age witlh hope, respect for all living things, understanding and love,"she said.
1. A. recognized B. known C. praised D. admitted
答案: A 指导：recognize此处意为“承认(地位、影响等)”。此处指在动物研究方面得到世界公认的人屈指可数。known"被知道”语意太轻，“赞扬”意义太片面，admitted"被接受”不合题意。
2. A. receiving B. giving C. enjoying D. having
答案: C 指导：enjoymg为现在分词做伴随(结果状语)，意为“享有(地位、声誉等)。此处根据题意不能用“收到”或“给”；have一词不能用于进行时。
3. A. So B. Actually C. But D. Finally
答案: C 指导：转折词but与前文形成对比关系，强调Jane Goodall成就非凡。此处与前面构成的是转折关系，其他选项不合逻辑。
4. A. discoveries B. decisions C. choices D. findings
答案: A 指导：makeadiscovery为固定短语“发现”。findings意思也是“发现”，但与动词make不搭配。
5. A. study B. interest C. sense D. dream
答案: B 指导：从全文看，JaneGoodall一生都对动物“感兴趣”。sense意为“感觉”，其他也不合题意。
6. A. was fond of B. tired of C. insisted D. dreamed of
答案: D 指导：dreamOf doing sth．“梦想干……”，此处指Jane Goodall一直梦想着到非洲去。Befond of “喜欢”；betired of“厌倦干”；insisted on"坚持要”。
7. A. boys B. girls C. men D. women
答案: B 指导：由常识以及后面的"wildactions"可知，此处指“女孩”，即女孩一般不会有这么狂野的行为。把握了人物的身份再结合常识可排除其他选项。
8. A. encouraged B. prevented C. advised D. forced
答案: A 指导：由转折词But可知，Jane Goodall得到母亲的“鼓励”。由后面母亲鼓励
她的活可排除其他选项。
9. A. knowledge B. youth C. hope D. chances
答案: D 指导：母亲鼓励她应充分利用“机会”，不达目的，决不罢休。“知识”“青春”“希望”均不合题意。
10. A. accepted B. refused C. hesitated D. considered
答案: A 指导：JaneGoodall愉快地“接受”了朋友的邀请。accept意为“接受”邀请、
建议等。hesitate“犹豫”，consider“考虑”不合题意。
11. A. only B. last C. special D. first
答案: C由全文内容判断，在非洲森林中研究黑猩猩是一项“特殊”的任务，因此需要Jane Goodall这样“特殊的”人选。此处不说明顺序问题，因此排除其他选项
12. A. project B. study C. center D. career
答案: B 指导：通览全文可知，此处指对黑猩猩的“研究”。扣住文章的中心可排除其他选项。
13. A. hard B. interestingC. easy D. convenient
答案: C 指导：由后文黑猩猩一开始恐惧地逃跑这一信息可知，这不是“容易的”工作。14. A. in surprise B. in a hurry C. as expected D. in fear
答案: D 指导：由语境判断，黑猩猩是“惊恐地”逃跑。结合原文叙述的中心：女科学家
在非洲大森林中研究黑猩狸这一特殊的情况可排除其他干扰项。
15. A. will B. body C. desire D. mind
答案: A 指导：Jane Goodall虽然遇到困难，们并未放弃，因此是“意志”坚强。此处不
指强壮的“身体”，强烈的“欲望”等。
16. A. far B. near C. soon D. much
答案: C 指导：有后面黑猩猩“逐渐”适应了JaneGoodall的出现判断，应用soon，因为soon意为“快”，指“时间”概念。其他不指“时间概念”。
17. A. nets B. tools C. holes D. sticks
答案: B 指导：从下文的toolmaker判断，这是JaneGoodall的重大发现：黑猩猩也会制
作并使用“工具”。但此处并不涉及具体使用什么样的工具，故不选D“棍棒”。
18. A. doubt B. light C. questions D. beliefs
答案: A 指导：由于JaneGoodall的发现使人们对当时大家普遍接受的观点产生了怀疑。throw doubt on意为“对……产生疑问”。而throwlight on的意思是“使……明朗”。19. A. close B. similar C. friendly D. helpful
答案: B 指导：JaneGoodall的发现使人们认识到黑猩猩与人类很“相似”。close表示关
系“亲密”或实力“接近”，不合逻辑。
20. A. improvement B. protection C. pollution D. destruction
答案: B 指导：Jane Goodall想通过自己的演讲提高人们环境“保护”的意识。由常识可
排除improvement“改进”；destruction"破坏”不合题意。
Cloze 2
More than 5 years ago, John Williams gave away all of his belongings and went off to the mountains to live the way people lived 100 years ago. For 1 traps wild animals and fishes in the rivers 2 he can. John lives in a cabin he made 3 , out of trees he chopped down with an axe. 4 he has no relatives that he knows of, he does have a deer he 5 from a fawn (幼鹿). The deer lives in the house
in winter and goes with John when he goes into the 6 for food. Nobody lives 7 fifty miles of his cabin in the mountains and John has not been out of the mountains during the entire forty years. One day last year I hiked in to see 8 John lives in. It was like going 9 . There were no stories, no post offices, no noise,no pollution, not 10 a road.
11 notable (值得注意的)of all, there were no people and that's the 12 John Williams wants to keep his part of the world. But there seems to be something impossible in his story. He is 13 man. He has books and nobody knows how he 14 them. Mostly he reads about his world, the forest, the animals, the plants, and the 15 . He has seen airplanes flying overhead but does not want to 16 about them. For him, electricity is 17 , not light bulbs, refrigerators, televisions, or washing machines. John is 85 years old and has not had a 18 day
in his life. He attributes his long life to the fact that he has nothing to do with people and in or- der that he might 19 many more years of health, happiness and solitude(孤独), I will not tell you 20 his kingdom lies. There is no room there for you or me.
1. A. fun B. food C. meal D. pleasure
答案：B 指导：从后面的内容看，他是首先要解决“食物”的问题。Cmeal强调一日三餐
中的一餐，不合逻辑。
2. A. whichever B. whenever
C. wherever
D. whatever
答案：D 指导：此处表示他尽其所能。can后省略了do，因此whatever事实上是做do的
宾语。whichever也可引导宾语
从句，但强调的是某一范围中具体的一个。
3. A. by hand B. with hand
C. a hand
D. hand in hand
答案：A 指导：大山中没有工具，因此他只能“手工”搭建简陋的房子。by hand＝with one's hands．
4. A. Now that B. As C. As long as D. Though
答案：D 指导：这儿指JohnWilliams只有一只鹿与他为伴，although引导让步状语从句。now that＝since，as longas“只要”，引导条件状语从句。
5. A. raised B. bought C. got D. picked
答案：A 指导：从后面fromafawn可知，鹿是他从小养大。根据人物特定的环境可排除其
他动问。
6. A. country B. village C. city D. forest
答案：D 指导：John Williams生活在大山中，因此到森林中去寻找食物，这是最合理的
答案。由人物居住的环境可排除“乡村”、“城市”和“村子”。
7. A. in B. within C. for D. off
答案：B 指导：用within fifty miles of his cabin说明他居住的地方相当荒凉。表示“在……范围内”只能用within。in表示“在……(物体)里面”或“在……方面”。
8. A. where B. the place C. why D. how
答案：B 指导：因为后面已有介词in，所以只能用名词短语the place作者是去看John Williams生活的地方。
9. A. on B. back C. forward D. along
答案：B 指导：John Williams生活在类似100年前人们居住的环境中，因此在时间上应是“后退”。forward是“向前”，其他副问也不合题意。
10. A. ever B. yet C. already D. even
答案：D 指导：副词even用来加强程度，说明JohnWilliams生活环境的艰辛。ever说明“曾经”发生过的事情，already说明动作行为“已经”存在。
11. A. More B. Most C. Very D. Much
答案：B 指导：承接上文，突出后面的内容。most．．．。fall"最值得……的是”。
12. A. way B. life C. thing D. idea
答案：A 指导：way指做事情的“方式”，后面接定语从句，省略了引导词inwhich／that．13. A. interestingB. honest C. old D. educated
答案：D 指导：从后面他读书这一点可以断定他是位受过教育的人。从后文的信息提示可排除其他选项。
14. A. got B. borrowed C. read D. treated
答案：A 指导：在荒芜人烟的大山中居然能得到书，这确实不容易。get"得到”。根据语境此处不是说明他在“读书”。
15. Pt. deer B. mountains C. society D. country
答案：B 指导：只有选“大山”才切合本文的语境。人物居住的地方就是“大山”，由此可排除其他选项。
16. A. know B. talk C. discuss D. speak
答案：A 指导：knowabout"了解”，说明JohnWilliams下定决心与外界隔绝，飞机从头顶飞过，他也无动于衷。其他动词talk，speak符合搭配，但不合题意。discuss后不能跟介词about搭配。
17. A. nothing B. lightning C. thunder D. storm
答案：B 指导：没有现代化的一切，闪电就是他照明、取火的工具。此处指“取火”，与“打雷”“暴雨”无关。
18. A. lonely B. happy C. hard D. sick
答案：D 指导：从后面他长寿可以断定此答案，他从来不生病。
19. A. live B. keep C. continue D. enjoy
答案：D 指导：指他还会继续“享受”这种健康、幸福而孤独的生活。如果选lonely显然与后面的信息提示“他把自己的长寿归功于……”相矛盾。
20. A. where B. which C. what D. how
答案：A 指导：说明JohnWilliams在独自享受自己的野外生活。作者不愿意透露他生活在什么地方。此处表示地点概念，其他不合题意。
高中英语教学论文 高考英语完形填空综合解析
高考英语完形填空综合解析 要提高完形填空的解题能力，首先应该综合全面地了解完形填空。要了解完形填空，我们需要回答五个问题。第一个问题：什么是完形填空？第二个问题：完形填空的特点是什么？第三个问题：学生存在的问题是什么？第四个问题：如何解完形填空？第五个问题：平时如何训练？只有解决了这五个问题，才能有的放矢地对完形填空进行教学和研究。 一、什么是完形填空？ 完形填空又称综合填空，其命题原理是格式塔心理学。格式塔心理学强调整体感知和对文章从语义上的整体把握。简单说完形填空就是在一篇语意完整的短文中有目的地制造一些空白，造成信息链的中断，让考生在理解短文的基础上，综合运用所学知识和常识，对每个题的备选项做出尽可能合理的分析、判断，从中选出正确答案或最佳答案，使重新构建的文章主旨鲜明，文意畅达，逻辑严密。如果空格要求学生填入连词、介词、冠词等，则空格为功能性空格；如果要求填入名词、形容词、动词等实义词，则空格为语义空格。从近几年的高考试题看，完形填空以语义空格为主，语法部分的内容已经弱化为对词法的考查。完形填空的空格分为四种类型：词内项、词间项、句内项、句间项，难度是逐渐上升的。 二、完形填空的特点是什么？ 1. 完形填空的题型特点 近几年来的完形填空题，有以下几个特点： ⑴短文难度基本稳定，与高中英语教材课文难易基本相当。 ⑵短文选材一般为故事性文章，极少采用其它题材的文章。但往往不按时间顺序平铺直叙，有插叙或倒叙，有时还夹有描述和议论。 ⑶短文的第一句不设空格，提供给考生一个思路，以便考生做题。 ⑷考查内容主要是逻辑上的通顺，极少是考语法，所以每题四个选项大多属同一语法范畴。 ⑸短文长度基本稳定，一般在250～300个单词左右。 2. 完形填空选项设置的几个特点 ⑴同义、近义词辨析型。多倾向考查动词、名词、形容词。所以平时要多把这几类词性的词归纳记忆。 ⑵固定搭配型。多倾向考查动词和介词或副词、名词和介词、形容词和介词、典型句子结构的搭配。 ⑶常用语法。时态和语态、从句连词。 ⑷根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项型。 3. 近年高考完形填空题的命题趋势和新题动向 ⑴阅读量逐年提高，阅读时间减少。 ⑵生词量有增无减。 ⑶长句增多，句式灵活，结构复杂。 ⑷题目设置上单纯语法考查减少，上下文联系考查力度加大，并且以同义词、相似词为典型的迷惑选项增多。 ⑸完形填空的第一句都是完整的句子，并且每篇文章都有一个主题。 三、学生存在的问题是什么？ 有些考生虽然具有一定的基础，但完形填空题的得分却总不尽如人意。他们的问题概括起来主要有以下几方面：
历届高考英语完形填空全国卷
高考完形填空专项训练步步高 抓好三方面●跨好三大步●做好三结合 ------谈完形填空解题技巧中学生在做完形填空题时存在的问题，概括起来有以下三方面： 1.不善于抓文章的主旨大意，并以此为中心展开对整篇文章的推理、判断，导致理解上出现偏差，甚至和文章的中心相悻。 2.容易受定势思维的影响，对文意分析不透，忽视特定语境中知识的运用。 3.对完形填空题怀有厌倦、畏惧心理，以至做题时处于应付状态，做题能力得不到提高。 那么，怎样才能提高做完形填空题的能力呢？我们应从以下三方面入手训练思维能力和解题技巧：抓准主旨、透析文意、理清逻辑。并在做题过程中把这三方面与做完形填空的三大步骤“通读、精读、复读”有机结合，明确每步的思维主攻方向。即抓好三方面，跨好三大步，做好三结合。 一、通读短文抓主旨 一般情况下，完形填空短文都不给标题，不容易把握文章的主题和大意。但短文首句通常不设空格，这就为我们窥视文章全貌提供了一个窗口，而尾句往往是文章的总结、结论或点睛之笔，所以抓住开篇启示作用的首句和总结概括性的尾句是必要的。借助于首尾句给予的启示，克服不良心理的影响，满怀信心，全神贯注，目光越过空格，注意能体现文章大意的关键词句，尽力从整体上理解短文大意，这是逐空填词的重要依据和基础。如果一开始就忙于见空填空，势必无法从整体上把握全文概要，无法形成连贯的思路，只见树木不见森林，理解偏离文章的中心，造成顾，此失彼的错误，甚至影响做题速度。 抓住了文章的主旨大意后，我们围绕主旨大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会收到事半功倍的效果。尤其是一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的选项就会迎刃而解。 二、精读短文析文意 在基本抓住文章的主旨后，应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境做深人的理解，克服“定势思维”，根据全文大意和词不离句，句不离文的原则，逐项填空。切不可以单纯的词汇辨析或语法角度去做题，而应以能否恰如其分地表达文意作为选择最佳答案的唯一标准。要吃透文意，理解到位，我们应做到以下几点： 1.从上下文的角度考虑，注意其内在联系。就题论题，断章取义，忽视上下文的信息提示是我们常犯的错误。因此我们在做题时要注重暗含的信息提示，找准突破口，确保文意畅通。 2.从词汇意义及用法、惯用法和搭配的角度去考虑，准确判断。NMET完形填空题中考查词汇意义及用法、惯用法和搭配的题目逐年增多，必须结合上下文把握文意，研读
2012高考英语完形填空答案详解
2012高考英语完形填空答案详解 安徽卷 When I settled in Chicago，my new city seemed so big and unfriendly, Then I had a 36 problem and had to go to hospital for a 37 examination. It seemed a small 38 compared to the one I was about to face ,but things started to go 39 right from the beginning , Not having a car or 40 the city, I was depending on a couple of buses to get me from A to B, 41 I’d left myself plenty of ti me, soon it was 42 I was going to be late, as I had mistakenly boarded a bus that was taking me in the 43 direction. I 44 the bus and stood on the pavement not knowing what to do, I look into the eyes of a 45 who was trying to get past me, 46 instead of moving on ,she stopped to ask if I was 47 , After I explained my 48 to her, she pointed to a bus stop across the street , where a bus would take me back into the city to my 49 . Sitting there waiting , I felt 50 that someone had been willing to help . 51 , hearing a horn （喇叭）nearby, I looked up to see a car with my new friend 52 at me to get in, She had returned to offer me a 53 to the hospital. Such unexpected 54 from a passer-by was a lovely gift to receive, As I climbed out of the car at the hospital and turned to thank her, she smiled and told me not to lose 55 ，for all things are possible. 36. A. physical B. traveling C. social D.housing A后面说不得不去医院 37. A. scientific B.final C.previous D. Thorough D A表示科学检查 B 表示最终检查C 表示“以前的”，D表示“全面的” 38. A. chance B. challenge C. success D.error 与后面的face相匹配 39. A. wrong B. easy C. fast D. Ahead 与前面的go 构成词组，表示出错了。 40. A. leaving B. visiting C. knowing D. Appreciatin g 没有自己的车，不了解这所城市，后面走错路是必然 41. A. Although B. Since C. Unless D. Once 虽然留了足够的时间 42. A. strange B. necessary C. obvious D. Important 很明显要迟到了，暗示后面的appointment. 43. A. same B. right C. general D. opposite 方向反了，后面的back into the city就是暗示 44. A. looked at B. waited for C. got off D. ran into 下车，然后站在人行道上pavement 45. A. driver B. friend C. stranger D. Gentleman 满眼都是陌生人 46. A. Especially B. Surprisingly C. Probably D. Normally 事情从此转机了，所以是surprising了。 47. A. nervous B. excited C. OK D. Dangerous 此情此景问一句“Are you OK?是自然地 48. A. idea B. motivation C. excuse D. Situation 只有解释自己的种种境况了。
高考英语完形填空考试解题三大角度
高考英语完形填空考试解 题三大角度 完形填空题型有着极为深远的理论背景。在19世纪物理学重大发现“场理论”的启发下，德国心理学家柯勒等人提出了“格式塔心理学”，强调人类认知过程中的宏观性和整体性。1953年，美国语言学家Wilson Taylor基于上述理论，首次提出完形填空这种题型，旨在测试考生利用已知信息恢复不完整语言材料的自然倾向强度，进而考查考生的语言能力。 作为选拔性考试，高考必须具有较高信度、效度和必要的区分度以及一定的难度。完形填空的重点在于综合考查考生的词汇和语法等基础知识以及阅读和写作等语言运用能力，正好满足了高考的需求。自从1987年首次出现在高考英语试卷中以来，完形填空题型历来都属于高考英语中能力要求最高、试题难度最大的一类题型。
研究历年的各套高考完形填空题，可以从具体的题目之中看出该题型中若干对我们解题非常有帮助的共同特点： 一、从所选文章的角度 体裁上，以叙为主，叙议结合。高考完形填空题的选材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙文或是叙议结合、以叙为主、富有哲理的论说文，这是和高考考生的语言水平紧密结合的。高考是各级各类英语测试中相对较简单的一种，因而采取了常见体裁中较简单的记叙文作为题目载体。因此，短文一般按照时间线索行文，内部逻辑清晰层次分明。 题材上，选用真实世界中的语言材料，考查考生使用语言进行信息获取和社会交际的能力，对心理问题、校园生活、奇闻轶事等热点话题继续关注，并兼顾高考的公平性原则，不涉及特定地域或人群色彩较浓的不具有一般性的话题。
难度上，基本与现行高三教材相当。字数上，完形填空短文词数在240——320之间。 二、从所挖空格的角度 首先，该题型所选短文一般无标题，但首句通常不设空，目的是让考生熟悉语言环境，迅速进入主题，对文章有宏观和整体性的把握，建立正确的思维导向。正文中通常挖去20个词，平均每14词挖一个空格，通常不会出现两个空格前后相连或同一句子挖空超过三个的情况。 其次，挖去的词汇以实词为主，虚词为辅。语言分为形式和内容两方面，而完形填空题多重视考查语言的内容，这是与承载具体信息的实词紧密相关的。在高考对具体语法规则不断淡化的趋势下，常与语言形式即具体语法条目相关的虚词数量不断下降，目前仅在3个空格左右。
2019全国卷Ⅰ高考英语完形填空答案详细解析
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2017高考英语完形填空汇总和答案 完美打印版
While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and found something that has changed my 42 at college for the better: I discovered ASL-American Sign Language(美式手语). I never felt an urge to 43 any sign language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The 44 languages were enough in all my interactions(交往).Little did I know that I would discover my 45 for ASL. The 46 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 47 their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 48 of communicating without speaking 49 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50 .This newness just left me 51 more. After that, feeling the need to 52 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club`s meetings. I only learned how to 53 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54 progress, I was excited. I then made it a point to 55 those meetings and learn all I could. The following term, I 56 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57 . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would have 59 us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 60 way of communication it opens. 41. A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal 42. A. progress B. experience C. major D. opinion 43. A. choose B. read C. learn D. create 44. A. official B. foreign C. body D. spoken 45. A. love B. concern C. goal D. request 46. A. meeting B. trip C. story D. task 47. A. recorded B. performed C. recited D. discussed 48. A. idea B. amount C. dream D. reason 49. A. disturbed B. supported C. embarrassed D. attracted 50. A. end B. past C. course D. distance 51. A. showing B. acting C. saying D. wanting 52. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain 53. A. print B. write C. sign D. count 54. A. slow B. steady C. normal D. obvious 55. A. chair B. sponsor C. attend D. organize 56. A. missed B. passed C. gave up D. registered for 57. A. prohibited B. welcomed C. ignored D. repeated https://www.360docs.net/doc/b74902739.html,stly B.Thus C.Instead D.However 59.A.required B.caused C.allowed D.expected 60.A.easy B.popular C.quick D.new
历年高考英语完形填空常用词汇总结
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⑴.看清上下文，找准定位词 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。 注意上下文的内在联系，是做好完型填空的保证，而断章取义，就题论题，忽视前后文的信息提示是学生常犯的错误。信息提示有时出现在前文，有时出现在后文，有时出现在本空所在的句子，学生需要在做题时边读边思考，边读边储存信息，边读边注意前后联系，这也是第一遍通览全文的主要作用。 ⑵通顺逻辑，寻求搭配 注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例如： ⑶牢固掌握重点单词词组词意、用法及语法知识 ⑷看清执行者，确定所选词 ⑸根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项 有时，选项中所给的四个词为表示上下文逻辑关系的连接性词语，它涉及到文章的起承转合、上下连贯。这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系以及对比关系等。 常见的承接语有for one thing…for another…等连接词表示列举；First…and then, First…Next…Then…Finally…用来按次序描述时间发生的过程；anyhow, still, though, although…表示让步关系；therefore, so表结果；because, since, due to, owing to…表原因，等等。 3、全面验证，理清逻辑 考生在选项填完后，一定要通读短文，从整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下文衔接是否合理；另外，连词、副词也是完形填空常考的词，考生选择后要特别注意上下文的语气、语态，避免出现逻辑混乱。 四．案例分析：根据逻辑关系解完形填空 表示转折关系 Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 50 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten.
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