2019年高考英语全国Ⅰ卷试卷解析教学文案

2019年高考英语全国Ⅰ卷试卷解析教学文案
2019年高考英语全国Ⅰ卷试卷解析教学文案

2019年高考英语全国Ⅰ卷试卷解析

2019年高考英语全国Ⅰ卷试卷解析

试卷评析(一)

合肥九中王敬东

2017年高考已圆满结束。就英语科目来说,今年高考安徽省依然使用全国卷。总体来说,今年全国高考英语试题难度适中,注重创新,从题型、素材到命题思路都保持了往年全国卷的一贯特点。语篇是考核的重点。所选短文语言地道,话题有时代感;试题设计规范严谨,注重英语基础知识与语言综合使用水平的考查,体现了英语学科的工具性、交际性和文化性等特点。下面分题型解读。

一、听力:注重交际

本年度听力命题完全符合高考英语大纲要求,重口语交际。试卷的对话选材贴近生活,难度编排循序渐进,重实践使用。题型设置没有任何变化,依然由短对话,长对话和独白三部分构成。今年难度较去年有所上升,另外,听力的考核因为受场地的限制,学生来到一个陌生环境里考试,肯定有一个适合性问题,良好的稳定的心态非常重要。

二、阅读理解:难度梯度提升

第一节短文阅读,从四个选项中选择答案,该部分考核学生通过阅读提取信息、分析判断和综合的水平。今年的阅读理解难度与往年相当。

第一篇阅读题属于信息查找类,是一篇介绍“太平洋科学中心”参观指导手册,篇幅不长,词汇量也不大,题目设置也比平时学生训练的同类文章难度小。考生基本不会有什么问题,能够说仅仅一个耗时长短的问题,平时训练信息类题怎样节省时间很重要。,第二篇阅读属于记叙文,讲了自己参加志愿者活动,保护救助小猫头鹰的经历。难度比前一篇稍有提升。

第三篇阅读介绍了爵士乐的现状,特别是爵士乐在美国所面临的困境,以及人们采取的措施。这篇文章有一定的难度,甚至部分段落难度超过第四篇文章,这对于学生的心理的承受水平是一个考验。但同时,该篇文章题目的设置并不太难,只要不放弃,多数学生还是能够较好地答题的。

第四篇是一篇科技阅读文,主要介绍自制蒸馏器的方法和步骤。这是一篇真正有区分度的文章,不同水准的学生在这个题得分将有巨

大的差异。另外,该题对于动手水平强的学生会更有利,也体现了素质教育的原则。

第二节为补全短文,从7个选项中选出5项填入空白处。

该篇文章介绍了作者参加露营的经历及其对露营态度的转变。因为该题选项的设置有较大的迷惑性,故该题估计得分率不会太高。同时,七选五题型的先总后分的训练之外,其他类型的训练也不可偏废。

三、英语知识使用:题型稳定,设题科学

第一节完形填空

完形填空考查考生在阅读基础上选择合适词汇的水平,注重考查考生结合词汇、语法、语篇知识,生活常识,文化背景知识实行逻辑推理和综合判断的水平,而非简单考查某个单词的意义或某个语法点的知识。

今年的完形填空作者介绍了在大学选修美式手语的经历,除了对于学生阅读水平的考核,对于西方特别是美国文化背景的了解也必不可少。如对美国大学的选课,课外社团等的了解无疑会影响答题。

第二节语法填空

语法填空的特点是语法结合语篇理解,更增强调语法和词汇的使用。该篇短文内容为盐和脂肪的摄入对于健康的影响。考核了冠词、名词、介词、形容词、固定结构、时态语态、定语从句等语法知识。

四、短文改错:有针对性

这篇改错短文叙述了作者学习开车的经历。错误设置有较强的针对性,都是学生常犯的错误:如冠词、数词、介词、连词、形容词和副词的误用、比较级、祈使句、时态等。提升短文改错水平需要培养语感和结合书面表达等实行训练。

五、书面表达:推介中国文化

今年高考英语作文是要求学生(李华)写邮件告知英国朋友Leslie下次上课的计划并叫他做相对应准备工作。该文以考生熟悉的话题为主,让考生有话可说。英语水平中上等的高中生能较好地完成写作要求。同时该篇文章又涉及到唐诗和唐朝历史,这体现了语言作为文化交流的双向性,英语不但能够介绍西方文化,也是把中国文化介绍给世界的媒介。向西方人推介中国文化,也具有鲜明的时代性。

总来说之,今年高考英语全国卷的特点是:

一、选材丰富多样,题材广泛。今年的试题所选用篇章题材广泛,体裁丰富,与当代社会生活紧密相关。语篇话题涉及了科技馆参

观手册、动物保护、音乐、科技、旅游、选课、健康、学习驾驶等多个方面,贴近考生生活。

二、注重语篇。整张试卷都是一个个语篇构成,充分体现了重语篇重交际的原则。

三、设题科学,区分度大。整张试卷难度基本为梯级上升,布局科学合理,有较大的区分度。

四、阅读量控制合理,超纲词处理得当。今年英语试题的总阅读量与往年保持基本稳定。今年的英语试题对于超纲词汇的处理也非常合理。整套试题中出现的超纲词汇数量很少,对于可能影响考生理解的词汇有的加了汉语注释,有的根据上下文和构词法知识能够推导出大意。

五、注重立德树人。试卷从参观科技馆、动物保护、到制作蒸馏器、露营、学习驾车,再到推介中国文化等,引导学生爱科学、爱自然、爱生活、爱祖国的传统文化。这很好地落实了立德树人的根本任务,突出体现了高考命题的育人功能。

试卷评析(二)

合肥一六八中学李春林

一、总体评价

本套试卷的命题严格遵循教育部考试中心颁布的《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》和《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲的说明》的相关题型示例及考查要求,围绕“立德树人”的教育根本任务,立足“基础性、综合性、应用性、创新性”,以“必备知识、关键水平、学科素养、核心价值”为目标,考查考生基础知识的积累和在特定语境下综合使用语言的水平。

1.必备知识。试卷在听力、阅读理解等部分大量考查了考生对事实性的具体信息的筛选、提取和加工,这些都是考生长期学习所必需的基础性、通用性知识。

2.关键水平。在语法填空题及书面表达题中,重点考查学生在语篇或语境的基础上,综合使用所学语言知识,表情达意、独立分析和解决问题的水平。

3.学科素养。试卷主要从语言水平、思维品质、文化品格和学习水平四个维度考查考生在不同情境下综合利用所学知识和技能处理复杂任务,具有扎实的学科观点和宽阔的学科视野,并体现出自身的实践水平、创新精神等内化的综合学科素养。

4.核心价值。考查考生在学习(或解题)的过程中持续地积累知识、提升水平和养成素质,逐步形成准确的核心价值观。这也体现了高考所承载的“坚持立德树人,增强社会主义核心价值体系教育”和“增强学生社会责任感”的育人功能和政治使命。

二、试卷特点

1.注重基础知识的考查。

试卷中语言知识的考查基本源于教材,完全符合《课程标准》中所列的语法项目和功能项目,词汇选择自“考试说明”中词汇表内的项目。各个题型所涉及的内容都来自于《课程标准》所规定的相关话题。

2.在考查语言知识的同时,注重语言水平的考查。

听力部分既考查考生获取事实性的具体信息的水平(如:第14、17题等),又考查了其理解主旨要义(如:第3题等)、对所听内容作出简单推断(如:第16题等)以及理解说话者的意图、观点和态度的水平(如:第1题等)。

阅读理解涵盖了《考试大纲》中所列的考试应具备的理解水平:1.理解主旨要义(第31题);2.理解文中具体信息(第21、22、24、25等题);3.根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义(第33题);4.根据所读内容作出判断和推理(第30、31等题)5.理解作者的意图、观点和态度(第23、27题);6.理解文章结构(第29题)。

阅读填空题(七选五)拓宽了阅读理解水平考查的深度和广度,不但考查了考生句子层面的阅读理解水平,还考查了语篇层次上的阅读理解水平,即语感和语境领悟水平、把握作者思路的水平以及对整个语篇或语段的衔接手段与连贯性的敏感度。这些都是较高层次的阅读理解水平。所填句子类型涉及到主旨概括句(第39、40题)、过渡性句子(第36题)以及注释或解释性句子(第37、38题),考生解题时需要使用篇章结构、逻辑、连接、指称等语境线索。

语法填空题要求考生在特定的语境中,根据所提供的词汇和空格实行合乎形式、意义和逻辑的判断,既考查考生对基本词汇及语法的掌握,又考查其在具体语言环境中使用语言的水平。考点主要涉及到介词(第61题)、名词(第62题)、非谓语动词(第63/68题)、语态(第64题)、冠词(第65题)、词形转化(第66、69题)、时态(第67题)、复合句(第70题)等。

短文改错题以语篇为情境,主要考查考生的词、句、篇和语法的综合水平,特别是考生使用自己所学的语法知识,发现、判断、纠正

文章中错误的水平。考点分布广泛,涉及到词法(数词、冠词、名词、非谓语、形容词/副词等)、句法(时态)和逻辑等。

3.选材广泛且贴近生活,贴近时代,贴近学生。

阅读理解语篇选材广泛,内容涉及到科学馆游览信息(科技创新)、个人生活经历(深入思考人与自然的关系,感悟和谐发展之道)、音乐文化推广(文化品格)和科普知识(创新精神)等,文体有记叙文、说明文、应用文等,既贴近学生生活,又注重了人类命运共同体,考生读起来有熟悉感,充分体现了对考生的语言水平、思维品质、文化品格和学习水平的考查。

完形填空描述了作者学习ASL的相关情况,表达了对失聪者这个弱势群体的关爱,同时也宏扬了“和谐社会”这个主题。本题既着力考查学生综合使用语言的水平,即考查学生在语篇理解和逻辑推理基础上考查词语辨析和词语搭配的水平。学生完成本题的过程也是宏扬核心价值观的过程,体现了外语教学的教育性和思想性。

写作部分设置了考生教外国朋友学习汉语的情境,要求考生写邮件告知外国朋友下次上课计划,内容包括学习唐诗和了解唐朝的历史。这些情境真实,任务符合考生水平水平,自然融入了我国优秀传统文化内容,能够引导考生在使用外语了解世界的同时,注重传承和发扬中华民族的优秀文明成果,使用中国元素讲好中国故事,增强文化自信。

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2019年春季高考英语模拟试题及答案

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