牛津上海版高二年级第一学期 Unit1重点语法让步状语从句专项讲解及巩固练习(有答案)
Unit1重点语法—结果&让步状语从句复习
结果&让步状语从句复习
状语从句
在复合句中修饰主句或主句中的某一成分的从句叫状语从句。状语从句通常由从属连词或起连词作用的词组引导，有时甚至不需要连词直接和主句连接起来。
状语从句根据它表达的意思不同，可分为时间
．．、结果
．．、方．
．．、条件
．．、目的
．．、原因
．．、地点
式．、比较
．．等九类。
．．、让步
结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句。引导结果状语从句的连词有：that, so (that), so.. that, such…that等。结果状语从句通常置于主句之后。
so, that, so that
这三个词都可以引导结果状语从句。so that最为常用，so或that常用于口语或非正式文体中。
What has happened that you look so worried.发生了什幺事，使你显得如此担心？
I didn't plan the work well, so that so I didn't finish it in time.我没把工作计划好，结果没按时完成。（so that从句常用逗号与主句隔开）
The room was packed with people, so that we couldn't get in.房间里挤满了人，我们进不去。
so...that
如此……以致……。其引导的果状语从句有如下四种结构：
1．so + 形容词副词+ that从句
The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map.
The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward.
2．so + 形容词+ an + 单数名词+ that-从句
It was so hot a day that they all went swimming.天是那么的热以致他们都去游泳了。
He made so inspiring a speech that everybody got excited.他发表了如此鼓舞人的演讲以致大家都很激动。
3．so + many few +复数名词+ that-从句
I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.我摔了许多跤，以至于浑身青一块，紫一块。
He has so few friend that he often feels lonely.他朋友很少，所以经常感到孤独。
4．so + much little +不可数名词+ that-从句
I had so little money then that I couldn't even afford a used car.我当时囊中羞涩，甚至连一辆二手车都买不起。
He drank so much wine last night that he felt terrible.昨晚他喝了那么多的酒，他觉得很不舒服。
5. 在so + 形容词副词+ that-从句结构中，如将so + 形容词副词位于句首，主谓语要倒装。
So excited was he that she could not say a word.他很激动，一句话都说不出来。
So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him.他说得很响，连隔壁的人都能听见。
如此……以致……。其引导的结果语从句有如下四种结构：
1．such + than + 形容词+ 单数可数名词+ that-从句
Jenny is such a clever girl that all of us like her very much.詹妮是如此聪明的女孩，以至我们都非常喜欢她。
We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.我们走得匆忙，把门都忘了锁了。
2．such + 形容词+复数名词+ that-从句
He gave such important reasons that he was excused.他说出了这么重要的理由，得到大家的谅解。
They are such interesting novels that all of us want to read them.这些是十分有意思的小说，大家都想看。
3．such + 形容词+ 不可数名词+ that-从句
He made such rapid progress that the teacher praised him.他的进步很快，老师表扬了他。
He shut the window with such force that the glass broke.他关窗子用了那么大的劲，玻璃
都碎了。
提示
such +than+形容词+单数名词结构可以和so +形容词+an+单数名词结构互换
He told us such a funny story that we all laughed.→ He told us so funny a story that we all laughed.他给我们讲了一个如此有趣的故事，大家都笑。
→The story he told us was so funny that we all laughed.他给我们讲的故事是如此有趣，大家都笑了。
such that可以连用，意思是（是）这样...以致。
Mother's answer was such that she didn't say yes and she didn't say no.妈妈的回答就是这样，既没有同意也没有不同意。
His anger was such that he lost control of himself.他勃然大怒，以致不能自制。
比较
such ...that ... 引导的是结果状语从句
such ...as ...引导的是定语从句
She had such a fright that she fainted.她吓得昏了过去。
Luckily such earthquakes as can cause a lot of damage do no happen very often.很幸运，这种破坏性很大的地震并不经常发生。（关系代词as在定语从句中作主语）
“虽然，纵然”之意。
这两个连词意思大致相同，在一般情况下可以互换使用。在口语中，though较常使用，although比though正式，二者都可与yet, still或never，the less连用，但不能与but连用。例如：
Although/Though he was worn out, (still) he kept on working. 虽然他已经精疲力竭了，但仍然继续工作。
注意：although引导的让步状语从句位于主句之前的情况较多，though引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或主句之后。例如：
She passed the examination though she had not studied very hard. 她虽然不用功学习，考试却及格了。
“虽然……但是”，“纵使……”之意。
as引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现，被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形，though也可用于这样的结构中，但although不可以这样用。though引导时，倒装或不倒装皆可。如表语是名词，不可加冠词；若动词原形前置，从句要有may或might。例如：例如：
Object as you may, I’ll go.(=Though/Although you may object, I’ll go.) 纵使你反对，我也要去。
Hard as/ though he works, he makes little progress. (=Though he works hard, he makes little progress.)尽管他学习很努力，但几乎没取得什么进步。
Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.（=Though he was a child, he knew what was the right thing to do.）虽然他是一个孩子，但他知道该做什么。
Fast as you read, you can’t finish the book so soon. 纵然你读得快，你也不能这么快读完这本书。
表示“即使……”，“纵使……”之意，
We’ll make a trip even if/though the weather is bad. 即使天气不好，我们也要作一次旅行。
“不论是否……”，“不管是……还是……”之意。
由这一个复合连词引导的让步状语从句旨在说明正反两方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。例如：
You'll have to attend the ceremony whether you're free or busy. 不管你忙不忙，都要参加这个典礼。
Whether you believe it or not, it's true.无论你是否相信，这都是真的。
“……都……；不管……都……”
它们引导的让步状语从句可以互换。例如：
No matter what happened, he would not mind. (=Whatever happened, he would not mind.)无论发生了什么，他都不会介意的。
No matter who you are, you must keep the law.(=Whoever you are, you must keep the law.不管你是谁，你都要遵纪守法。
但“no matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，而“疑问词-ever”还可以引导名词性从句。例如：
Whatever (=No matter what) you say, I won’t believe you.
I'll eat whatever (≠no matter what) you give me. (whatever引导宾语从句)
Whoever comes will be welcome. (Whoever 引导主语从句) 不管谁来都受到欢迎。
注意：有时while也可以引导让步状语从句，但一般要位于句首。例如：
While I like the colour, I don't like the shape.我虽然喜欢那颜色，但不喜欢那形状。
让步状语从句表示：虽然，尽管，即使等概念，由although, though（尽管，即使）, however （无论怎样）, whatever（无论什么）, whoever（无论谁）, whomever（无论谁）, whichever （无论哪个）, whenever（无论何时）, wherever（无论哪里）, whether（是否）, no matter (who, what, where, when, etc) （无论……）, even if（即使）, even though（即使）等词引导。
（重点解析：学习让步状语从句的关键是关联词的选用；其次，要注意由as引导的让步状语从句要用倒装语序）
练习：
Section A: Fill in the blanks with right words.
1、You must cross the bridge you want to get to the opposite bank of the river.
2、We won’t be able to finish the task on time we try our best.
3、I have received her invitation, I might not attend the party.
4、I go to Beijing, which is quite frequent, I will go to visit the Great Wall.
5、I thought she was clever she might have difficulty learning a foreign language.
6、difficulties we may come across, we’ll never cry.
7、Old he is, he works just as hard as he did before.
8、you go , you’ll be taking a lot of good wishes with you!
Section B: Choose the right answer.
1、,she is not able to persuade her father to give up smoking.
A.Try as may she
B. As she may try
C. As may she try
D. Try as she may
2、—Will you go to the bookstore tomorrow?
—Sure I will, it doesn’t rain hard.
A.as long as
B.even if
C. unless
D. although
3、we met with some unexpected difficulties at the beginning, we finished our task all the same.
A. If
B. Suppose
C. Unless
D. Although
4、,there is always something one wants.
A. One may however be rich
B. One may be however rich
C. However rich one may be
D. However one may be rich
5. Women retire earlier than men _____ that they tend to live longer.
A. besides
B. except for
C. in spite of
D. despite the fact
6. If the design was wrong , the project is bound to fail, _____ good all the other ideas might be.
A. whatever
B. even
C. however
D. though
7. He came to help us ______ he had plenty of work to do.
A. as
B. while C .although D. whenever
8. ___ absurd was his manner that everyone stared at him.
A. Too
B. So
C. Very
D. Much
9. Mary had promised to give me a ticket for tomorrow. She failed, _____.
A. either
B. though
C. but
D. too
10. Although he is considered a great writer, _____.
A. his works is not widely read
B. but his works are not widely read
C. however his works are not widely read
D. yet his works are not widely read
11. I wouldn’t go to see that new movie _____ recommends it.
A. whomever
B. who
C. no matter who
D. as though he
12. ____ he thought he was helping us prepare the dinner, he was actually in the way.
A. Although
B. Because
C. Till
D. As though
13. I was so angry at all _____ he was saying _____ I stopped him.
A. what…that
B. what…so that
C. /…so
D. that…that
14. Strange _____ his behavior may be, there are still some people who would like to get on with him.
A. although
B. even if
C. while
D. as
15. I wonder why she is fixing her eyes on me _____ where were something on my face. It really makes me embarrassed.
A. even though
B. as
C. as if
D. even if
16. _____, I realize that I owe a debt to my early country life.
A. Lover of towns as I am
B. A lover of towns though I am
C. Lover of towns as am I
D. Though a lover of towns I am
17. _____ convincing an argument is, it needs support of evidence.
A. Whatever
B. Although
C. However
D. How
18. Professor Karl was so punctual _____, he always reached his class as the bell rang.
A. that the day he died
B. that until the day he died
C. until the day he died
D. until the day when he died
19. She shut the window ______ she might keep the insects out.
A. because
B. in order that
C. till
D. as
20. This computer is new. _____, it is in excellent condition.
A. Furthermore
B. However
C. Otherwise
D. But
Keys: 1、DADCD 6、CCBBA 11、CAADC 16. ACBBB
Reading Comprehension
Section A:Cloze
A businessman was on a business trip to Tokyo. One day he went to 29 some gifts for his employees (雇员) back in his country. He 30 a supermarket. A lady smiled and welcomed him. He was very touched, and felt good .Because he was not able to 31 the warmth of her smile, he was watching her as he was 32 . She was giving the same 33 to all the people who walked into the supermarket.
The businessman started thinking if she hated doing the same thing. So he asked, “My dear lady, are you 34 of doing this job?” The lady smiled and said, “No, sir, I have 35 here for the last 10 years and I love my job.” The businessman was surprised and asked, “Why have you stayed here for ten years, and why do you like your job 36 much?” The lady said, “Because I am doing something good for my 37 .” The businessman found this interesting. He asked, “Why?” The lady said, “As most of our customers are 38 , they spend foreign currency here. So our country has a lot of money and becomes richer. People who are happy with our service will 39 _____ more often and spend more money in our country.”
Surprised by her 40 , the businessman thanked her. After returning to his own country he worked hard to introduce the same attitude (态度) to his workers, and today his company is one of the best companies in the world.
29. A. buy B. order C. make D. pay
30. A. opened B. cleaned C. entered D. checked
31. A. require B. enjoy C. hide D. forget
32. A. traveling B. working C. singing D. shopping
33. A. feeling B. smile C. warmth D. watching
34. A. fond B. tired C. proud D. afraid
35. A. stood B. learned C. worked D. lived
36. A. so B. very C. even D. enough
37. A. home B. country C. supermarket D. boss
38. A. millionaires B. managers C. strangers D. foreigners
39. A. praise B. visit C. talk D. save
40. A. action B. service C. attitude D. help
Keys: 29—30 AC 31—35 DDBBC 36—40 ABDBC
Section B: Choose the right answer.
A
Women are on their way to holding more than half of all American jobs. The latest government report shows that their share of nonfarm jobs nearly reached fifty percent in September.
Not only have more and more women entered the labor market over the years. But the recession（经济不景气）has been harder on men. In October the unemployment rate for men was almost eleven percent compared to eight percent for women.
Industries that traditionally use lots of men have suffered deep cuts. For example, manufacturing and building lost more jobs last month. But health care and temporary employment services have had job growth. Both of those industries employ high percentages of women.
Thirty years ago, women earned sixty-two cents for every dollar that men earned. Now, for those who usually work full time, women earn about eighty percent of what men earn. And women hold fifty-one percent of good-paying management and professional jobs.
Yet a study released Thursday said men still hold about nine out of every ten top positions at the four hundred largest companies in California. The results have remained largely unchanged in five years of studies from the University of California, Davis.
Also, a new research paper in the journal Sex Roles looks at the experiences of women who are the main earners in their family. Rebecca Meisenbach at the University of Missouri in Columbia interviewed fifteen women. She found they all valued their independence and many enjoyed having the power of control, though not all wanted it.
But they also felt pressure, worry and guilt. Partly that was because of cultural expectations that working women will still take care of the children. Also, men who are not the main earners may feel threatened.
66.According to the passage, _________.
A.the recession has been harder on women
B.the unemployment rate for men was lower than women in October
C.women held nearly fifty percent nonfarm jobs in September
D.women held nearly fifty percent farm jobs in September
67.The underlined word “cut” in the third paragraph means __________.
A. a reduction in amount
B. wound
C. the result of cutting
D. the part that is cut out
68. Thirty years ago, in general, if a man earned $2400 a month in America, a woman could get _______.
A. $2400
B. $1488
C. $1920
D. $1200
69. The women who are the main earners in their family all _________.
A. enjoy having the power of control
B. consider the power of control to be of great worth
C. consider wealth to be very important
D. consider their independence to be of great worth
70. The passage is mainly about _________
A. women’s pressure caused by the recession
B. men’s pressure caused by the recession
C.nearly half of US jobs now held by women
D. nearly half of US jobs now held by men
B
Humans have always depended on animals. From the beginning of human history, wild animals provided food, clothing and sometimes medicine. We may not depend as much on wild animals now. But we hear about them every day. Americans use the names of animals in many ways. Many companies use animals to make us want to buy their goods. Automobile companies, for
example, love to show fast horses when they are trying to sell their cars. They also name their cars for other fast powerful animals.
Automobile manufacturers and gasoline companies especially like to use big cats to sell their products. They like lions, tigers and wildcats. When Americans say wildcat, they usually mean a lynx, an ocelot or a bobcat. All these cats attack quickly and fiercely. So wildcats represent something fast and fierce.
What better way is there to sell a car than to say it is as fast as a wildcat. Or, what better way is there to sell gasoline than to say that using it is like putting a tiger in your tank.
An early American use of the word wildcat was quite different. It was used to describe members of Congress（国会）who declared war on Britain in eighteen twelve. A magazine of that year said the wildcat congressmen went home. It said they were unable to face the responsibility of having involved their country in an unnecessary war.
Wildcat also has been used as a name for money. It was used this way in the eighteen hundreds. At that time, some states permitted banks to make their own money. One bank in the state of Michigan offered paper money with a picture of a wildcat on it. Some banks, however, did not have enough gold to support all the paper money they offered. So the money had little or no value. It was called a wildcat bill or a wildcat bank note. The banks who offered this money were called wildcat banks.
A newspaper of the time said those were the days of wildcat money. It said a man might be rich in the morning and poor by night.
71. In this passage, a wildcat represents ______.
A. gentle and soft
B. fast and fierce
C. fast and strong
D. Strongly built and rapid
72. According to the passage, the best way to sell a car is to say it is ______.
A. like putting a tiger in your tank.
B. as fast as a wildcat
C. wildcat congressmen
D. a wildcat bill
73. In the fourth paragraph the underlined part means ________.
A. the American Congressmen defeated Britain
B. they were happy because he went back home
C. they were depressed because he was unable to go home
D. they were unable to take the blame for having involved their country in an unnecessary war.
74. How many phrases concerning wildcat are related in the passage?
A. Four
B. Five
C. Six
D. Seven
75. The passage is mainly about ____________.
A. the word wildcat and its stories
B. humans depending on animals
C. the ways of Americans using the names of animals
D. the relationship between animals and humans
答案：66. CABDC 71. BBDDA
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上海牛津英语五年级下册语法点
上海牛津英语五年级下 册语法点 Document serial number【NL89WT-NY98YT-NC8CB-NNUUT-NUT108】
上海牛津英语五年级下册语法点整理 动词的形式： 一、动词后面加上ing: ①、现在进行时：表示某个动作正在发生或进行。它的构成方式是：主语+be+动词ing〔现在分词〕形式，有时会要求自己加上be动词（is,am,are）。句子中经常会出现look,listen,now……等词。 现在进行时的变化 肯定句式：主语+be(am,is,are)+动词ing+其它. 否定句式：主语+be(am,is,are)+not+动词ing+其它. 一般疑问句：Be(am,is,are)+主语+动词ing+其它？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词(what,where…)+be(am,is,are)+主语+动词ing+其它？对现在进行时的特殊疑问句的回答，它不可以用Yes或No直接作答，要根据实际情况回答。 练习：1.Whatareyou_________(do)nowI___________(eat)bread. 2.It’snineo’clock..Myfather_______________(work)intheoffice. 3.Look,theboy____________(put)theplateonhisfinger. 4.__________he__________(clean)theclassroomNo,heisn’t.He____________(play). 5.WhereisMakHe___________(run)onthegrass. 6.Listen,who___________(sing)inthemusicroomOh,Mary___________(sing)there. ②like(s),go,dosome,后面的动词加ing. 如：1.Ilike(play)football,butmyfatherlikes(play)chess. 2.Let’sgo(swim). 二、动词后面加s/es.这就有关一种时态：一般现在时。 一般现在时：表示经常性的事情。 时间状语：often经常,usually通常,always总是，every每个,sometimes有时， at…在几点钟 它的动词变化与主语人称有关，只有肯定句中第三人称单数用动词三单（动词加s/es），其余动词均用原形。在否定句和问句中，因为有助动词do,don’t,does,doesn’t，所以后面的动词用原形。 三单变化：多数在动词后加splay—playslike—likes 以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾的动词加esgo—goeswash—washeswatch--watches 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改i再加esfly—fliesstudy—studies