最新专八改错教程文件
专八改错知识总结：
特点：
近年题目每行必定有错，每行错误只有一处且只能改一个词。
作题步骤:
第一步：通读全文了解大意同时改正明显错误；
第二步：逐句开始改错但是不要把目光只是盯在要改的这一句。要前后结合，有的错误在前句（上一行埋下伏笔），错误出现在要改的这一行。需要特别注意的就是介词、动词、平行结构、一副一形修饰名词，两形修饰名词。
不会做的先空着
第三步：整体最后把握，对实在不会的行，针对考点来猜。
常见错误：
1，从语篇的角度判断逻辑衔接词是否有误；
2，分析句子结构，判断句子成分是否有误；
3，结合上下文判断动词的时态是否有误；
4，区分动词的及物、不及物性质；
5，判断动词或者分词的主被动情况；
6，判断冠词是否有误；
7，判断介词搭配是否有误；
8，判断代词是否有误；
9，判断词性是否有误；
10，判断比较结构是否有误；
11，排查名词。动词单复数的问题；
12，判断词义表达是否准确；
名词：
1，可数名词永远不能单独使用，前面要有限定词，或者后面要有复试形式。
2，名词可以做定语，但是一般用单数形式。
3，Poetry 诗歌总称poem 一首诗歌复数：poems
4，Person复数是people，但是当表示郑重或者贬义时，可以出现persons。
5，Human being（单）human beings（复）
动词：
1，及物动词：
Inhabit sp.
Approach sp （当作……的方法讲时，用介词to）
Remove 作迁移、移居，不及物；作去除、排除，及物；
Date sb. 与……约会
2，如果动词出现在句尾，一定要注意这个动词后面是否缺少介词。
3，当一个句子从头到尾都似乎正确，这时可以把注意力集中到动词上面。看动词到底是及物动词还是不及物动词。不及物动词就要借助介词来表达意思。
4，Keep/have/make 后面要接形容词做宾语补足语，而不是接副词。
5，注意有些动词为或者可以做系动词，其后面加的是形容词，而不是副词。这些动词有：
Be，keep，remain，stay，lie，stand，seem，appear，look，feel，smell，sound，taste，become，grow，turn，fall，get，go，come，run，prove，turn out；
6，return back home back要去掉
形容词：
1，遇到形容词最高级时，注意该形容词是单音节还是多音节。如果有了most，形容词后面就不要加-est或者去掉most。2，如果形容词、副词前面有the，后面有一个限定的范围，则形容词、副词考虑最高级。
副词：
1，earlier 可以做副词，表示更早地。
代词：
1，句子中一旦有代词，一定要怀疑。看代词指代前面什么，注意单复数问题。
2，it的出现，要注意其形式主语、形式宾语的用法。在句子中找真正的主语、宾语。如果不是做形式主语、宾语，那就要注意前后的单复数问题。如果it在句中既不是形式主语，有不指代前面任何成分，此时的it需要更正：
e.g. For convenience it is common to speak of plants as “herbs, shrubs and trees”, but it is really no sharp distinction
among them. 要改为there。
3，在there be句型出现时，要看到底是there be that句型还是it be that句型。
3，在比较结构、定语从句或者其他结构中指示代词一般用that / those，不用this / these
4，that / those指前面提到的事物；this / these指后面提到的事物；
冠词：
1，Utah’s capital and largest city largest前可以省略定冠词。
2，当一个名词后面跟有同位语，如果表示特指，需要加上定冠词；如果表示泛指，用零冠词。
3，不定冠词用于：第一次提及；泛指某人、某物或地方；某一类人或某事物中的任何一个；用在事物的度量单位前，如时间、速度、价格等，表示：每……
4，需要用定冠词：世界上独一无二的东西；方位；前文提到的事物；说话语境中明确的东西；最高级或序数词修饰的事物；山、河、湖、海、塔、楼、沙漠；含有普通名词构成的专有名词等；
5，在bed、church、college、court、hospital、market、office、prison、sea、school、table前面有the与无the表示的意思完全不同。
介词：
1，易混淆介词：
Despite（介）
2，如果句中出现了介词+which的结构，一定要怀疑。首先是介词是否需要。其次是介词是否用错。
3，短语中to是介词的：（见word文档）
From……to……；admit to；on the road to；be similar to；
4，at the speed/rate/cost of
5，介+ 名词、代词或者独立主格结构；
连词：
1，whereas表示转折，但是不能像but那样放在句首，直接引导一个独立的句子。只能在从句中出现。
2，even so 虽然如此
e.g. There are many mistakes, even so it is quite a good essay.
3，连+ 完整的句子；
平行结构：
1，and连接的两个句子、词，必须同性质。
2，当句子出现了than，一定要检查比较级。前后结构要相同，前面是句子，后面也要是句子。
3，如果前后两个句子是用逗号连接的两个完整句子，一定要改后句为分词结构。
4，平行部分所有结构都要一致，包括：词性、结构、单复数、句子；
5，Not only …… but also……中的but不能省略，但是also可以省略。
时态：
1，现在完成时要想到用since。
2，出现by+时间，考虑句子用完成时态。
3，在宾语从句中，如果宾语从句说明的是客观真理，用一般现在时；
4，在that/this is the second time that …句型中that从句用现在完成时；若is是was，用过去完成时；
主谓一致：
1，表示距离、时间、金钱、重量的词做主语，谓语动词用单数。
2，如果一个动词与其主语因为句式，插入语等原因分隔开来，很可能不在同一行。这是要注意动词的数的问题，动词的时态问题，是否在后面做分词结构。
3，比较句中，首先要注意后句的代词是指代什么，然后要根据其选择单复数。
4，More than one、Many a + 可数名词单数，谓语动词用单数。
5，百分比后面加的名词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数；
6，由and连接的两个或者更多的主语之前有each、every、many a（an）、no时，谓语动词单数。
7，None、some、any、more、most、all等代词作主语时，动词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。
其他：
1，So引导的省略句，其时态要与主句的时态保持一致：
e.g. As inevitably as human culture has changed with the passing of time, so has the environment.
2，判断从句中动词的单复数形式的关键在先行词。
He was the only one of the candidates who was going to take the oral defense.
He was only one of the candidates who were going to take the oral defense.
3，that/which：
A, which能放在非限制性定语从句，而that不行。
B, that(指物,人)= which（指物）+ who（指人）
C, 在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which
D, 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which
E, 先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last, just修饰时，只用that
F, 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that
G, 先行词既有人，又有物时，只能用that。
4，whether / if：
A, if或whether引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，常放在动词ask 、see 、say 、know和find out等后面。一般情况下，两者常可换用，在口语中多用if。
B, if或whether引导宾语从句时，要注意三个方面，即连词、语序和时态。
a, if或whether不能和that 或其它连词（副词）同时使用，也不能省去。
b, if或whether引导的宾语从句时，虽具有疑问意义，但从句语序应用陈述句语序。
c, if或whether引导的宾语从句应和主句的时态保持一致。即主句为一般现在时，从句用任一种时态；主句为一
般过去时，从句则用过去时中的任一种时态。
C, if和whether的区别：
a, 在动词不定式之前只能用whether 。
b, 在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中。
c, 在介词后，只能用whether。
d, 宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether 。
f, 用if会引起歧义时，只用whether。如用whether可避免歧义。
5，一些易混淆的词汇：
as far as I am aware 就我所知；
as far as I am concerned 就我而言；
collected 镇定的，收集成的；collective 集体的，共同的；
reminder 提醒物；remainder 残留物；
in contrast 相反；on the contrary 正相反，与此相反；
at intervals 每隔一段时间；
not to mention 更不用说；
lead author 第一作者；
do research 搞研究，进行研究；
start with 以…为开端
off and on 断断续续地，时不时地；
at a time 某个时候，at one time / at the time 当时，那个时候；
be obliged to do sth. 被迫做某事……be obliged to doing sth. 感激；
be similar in 在……方面相似；be similar to（介）与……相识；
aim to do sth. be aimed at doing sth. 目标做某事；
face sth. be faced with 面临；
be supposed to 应该，被期望，认为必须……
all in one 合为一体；
probable: 只能用于it is probable that ……
likely: 可以用于it is likely that ……也可以用于be likely to do .
Have words with sb. 与某人争吵Have a word with sb. 与某人说话
Wont to do sth. 习惯做某事（不是won’t）
With child 怀孕with a child 带着孩子
6，表示许多：
只能修饰可数名词的：a large/ great/ good number of, a good/ great many, dozens of, scores of, quite a few
只能修饰不可数名词的：a great deal of, a large amount of, quite a little
既可修饰可数也可修饰不可数名词的：plenty of, a lot of, lots of, a large quantity of, a good supply of
7，要注意主从句动词与修饰词的关系：
e.g. steps that we make make 要改为take
8，如果前面有一个中心词，后面跟了几个分词结构。要检查这几个分词结构是否全部都是修饰这个中心词。如果不是，要变动动词。同时，后面修饰成分的结构一定要相同。
e.g. Cooperation and teamwork facilitate coordination, communication, adaptability, enhance employee participation and
empowerment. 紫色部分都是名词形式，所以红色部分必须改成动名词形式：enhancing employee participation
9，a piece of + 不可数名词；不能加可数名词复数
10，e.g. Says Xavier Amador, a clinical psychologist and director of the LEAP Institute in Taconic. NY, who trains mental –health.
此句要改的地方就是who，改为which。因为后句是修饰同位语中的the LEAP Institute in Taconic. NY而不是修饰Xavier Amador。
11，e.g. Government can not inject a single dollar into the economy if it has first taken that same dollar out of the economy。
If要改为until。这个是not … until的句型。
12，James, the author and the journalist ……the要去掉。因为作为同位语的author和journalist都是指James，只要用
一个定冠词。 13，
e.g. The robot never flew and never will because it was never completed.
Will 后面需要增补fly ，不能够省略，时态不同。
专题复习7、生物与环境
1.如果在草原上过度放牧，就会严重破坏草场植被，造成土地沙化，草场就很难恢复原样，这说明： A.草原上放牧越少越好 B.生态系统的自动调节能力有一定限度
C.生态系统中生物数量不能变，否则就破坏生态系统的稳定
D.生态系统的稳定不受人为因素影响
2.生物在生存发展中，形态结构会发生一些与环境相适应的变化。下列生物的特征不是与干旱环境相适应的是
A.骆驼一般不出汗，而且尿液非常少
B.骆驼刺地下部分的根比地上部分长很多
C.仙人掌茎变得非常肥厚，叶成刺状
D.海豹胸部皮下脂肪的厚度可达60毫米
3. 下列关于生物圈的说法，正确的是
A.生物圈是指生物赖以生存的环境
B.生物圈是地球上最大的生态系统
C.生物圈包括全部的大气圈、岩石圈和水圈
D.生物圈是指地球上所有的生物及水陆环境
4、.右图表示一个草原生态系统中的生产者、消费者和分解者，请据图回答：（5分）
（1）要组成一个完整的生态系统，除了图中的生物外，还应有____。
（2）此生态系统中的分解者是_______________，作用是
__________________________。
（3）该生态系统中有多条食物链，请写出最长的一条： _________
_____________________________________________。
（4）为了防止鸟吃草子，有人用大网把人工种草的实验区罩了起来，
实验区内的草能否
获得高产，试分析回答：
___________________________________________。
（2008 潍坊中考）下图是一农田长期使用一种农药后害虫群
体密度变化曲线。下列叙述不符合达尔文进化观点的是（ ）
A ．随着农药的使用，害虫群体的抗药性逐渐增强
B ．害虫抗药性的形成是农药对害虫定向选择的结果
C ．农药使害虫产生变异
D ．从曲线变化可知，害虫群体中原来就存在抗药性个体
(湖北省宜昌市中考)为探究环境因素对蚯蚓生活的影响，有同学设计了下面的实验：取3个大小一样的广口瓶，分别贴上甲、乙、丙标签。在甲、丙瓶中放入湿润的肥沃土壤，在乙瓶中放入经烘干的肥沃土壤。然后在3瓶中同时各放入5条大小及生活状况相同的蚯蚓（如下图）。观察一段时间后：
（1）哪瓶中的蚯蚓蠕动能力会明显减弱? ，因为
蚯蚓的呼吸依靠 来完成。
（2）甲乙两瓶的实验现象说明：影响蚯蚓生活的环境因素
是 ，其中，
瓶是对照装置。
（3）若将丙装置放在暗处，则可以进一步探究 对蚯
蚓的影响。
2015年专八改错真题.doc
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2017年英语专业八级考试改错模拟测试题及答案5
2017年英语专业八级考试改错模拟测试 题及答案5 I think it is true to saying that, in general, language teachers (26) have paid little attention to the way sentences are used in combination to form stretches of disconnected discourse. They have tended to take (27) their cue from the grammarian and have concentrated to the teaching (28) of sentences as self-contained units. It is true that these are often represented in "contexts" and strung together in dialogues and (29) reading passages, but these are essentially setting to make the formal properties of the sentences stand out more clearly, properties which are then established in the learners brain(30) by means of practice drill and exercises. Basically, the language teaching unit is the (31)
专八改错技巧总结
专八改错技巧总结
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单复数：无非是his变their之类的，关键是细心。近义词：例如distinct和distinctive，move和movement，interest和interests… 反义词：尤其看到dis, un, im，in，non之类的，更要琢磨一下。 关联词：几乎是保留节目，and, but, however, though, moreover, therefore… 非谓语动词：见了ing想ed，见了ed想ing, 就是这么贱。 形容词比较级：多半是把原形改为比较级。考的频率也蛮高的。虚拟语气：注意一下还是比较容易看出来的，多长个心眼儿吧。 It：有时要加，有时要删，有时要变itself，总之多盯“它”几眼。动词词组：其实主要是介词的问题，这个没办法临时抱佛脚，要靠积累. 改错： 1、改错虽然为主观题，但错误类型相对集中，可分为以下几种情况： 定冠词：a, an, the误用，甚至多出来；解决
英语专八改错模拟题(7)
英语专八改错模拟题(7) Home, sweet home" is a phrase that express an essential attitude in the United States. Whether the reality of life in the family house is sweet or no sweet, the cherished ideal of home _____1 has great importance for many people. This ideal is a vital part of the American dream. This dream, dramatized in the history of nineteenth century European settlers of American West, was to find a piece of place, build a house _____2 for one’s family, and started a farm. These small households were _____3 portraits of independence: the entire family- mother, father, children,even grandparents-live in a small house and working together to ___4 support each other. Anyone understood the life-and-death importance _____5 of family cooperation and hard work. Although most people in the United States no longer live on farms, but the ideal of home ownership _____6 is just as strong in the twentieth century as it was in the nineteenth. When U.S soldiers came home before World WarⅡ, for example, _____7 they dreamed of buying houses and starting families. But there was _____8 a tremendous boom in home building. The new houses, typically in the suburbs, were often small and more or less identical, but it satisfied _____9 a deep need. Many regarded the single-family house the basis of their way of life._____10 1. 将 no 改为 not 2. 将 place 改为 land
英语专业八级改错真题及答案 持续更新 部分详解 文字答案校对版
1995-2017年英语专业八级改错真题及答案 （文字/答案校对版） 2017年改错真题 The ability to communicate is the primary factor that distinguishes human beings from animals. And it is the ability to communicate well which 1.________ distinguishes one individual from another. The fact is that apart from the basic necessities, one needs to be equipped with habits for good communication skills, thus this is 2.________ what will make one a happy and successful social being. In order to develop these habits, one needs to first acknowledge the fact that they need to improve communication skills from time to time. They need to take stock of the way how they interact and the direction 3.________ in which their work and personal relations are going. The only constant in life is change, th e more one accepts one’s strengths and works 4._______ towards dealing with their shortcomings, specially in the area of 5.________ communication skills, the better will be their interactions and the more their social popularity. The dominated question that comes here is: How to improve 6.________ communication skills? The answer is simple. One can find plenty of literature on this. There are also experts, who conduct workshops and seminars based on communication skills of men and women. In fact, a large number of companies are bringing in trainers to regularly make sessions on the subject, in order to 7.________ help their work force maintain better interpersonal work relations. Today effective communication skills have become a predominant factor even while recruiting employees. While interviewing candidates, most interviewers judge them on the basis of the skills they communicate with. They believe that some skills can be improvised on the job; but ability to 8.________ communicate well is important, as every employee becomes the representing face of the company. There are trainers, who specialized in delivering custom-made 9._______ programs on the subject. Through the sessions they not only facilitate better communication skills in the workplace, but also look into the problems in the manner of being able to convey messages effectively. 10._______ 2016年改错真题 All social units develop a culture. Even in two-person relationships, a culture develops in time. In friendship and romantic relationships, 1._________ for example, partners develop their own history, shared experiences, language patterns, habits, and customs give that relationship a special 2._________ character—a character that differs it in various ways from 3._________
专八：改错模拟题(2020年整理).doc
模拟1 You stare at a waterfall for a minute or two, then shift your gaze to its surrounding. What you now see appears to drift upward. You __1 are board a train in a busy station when suddenly another train next __2 to your starts moving forward. __3 For a fraction of a second you feel that your train has lurched backward. These optical illusions occur because the brain is constantly matching its model of reality to signals from the body’s sensors and interpret what must be happening – that your train __4 might have moved, not the other; that downward motion is now __5 normal, so a change from it must be perceived as upward motion. The sensors that make this magic are two kinds. __6 Each eye contains about 120 million rods, which provide somewhat blurry black and white vision. These are the windows of night vision; once adapted to the dark, they can detect a candle burnt __7 ten miles away. Colorful vision in each eye comes from six to seven __8 million structures called cones. Under ideal conditions, every cone can “see” the entire rainbow spectrum of visible colors, but one type of cone is most sensitive to red, another to green, the third to __9 blue. By monitoring how many wavelength of light affects the different cones, a connected ganglion cell can determ ine its “color” and relay that data. Rods and cones send their messages pulsing on __10 average 20 to 25 times per second along the optic nerve. 模拟2 The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The most developed a legal system becomes, the more __1 societies takes responsibility for the discovery, control, and punishment __2 of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means to dealing with __3 an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have the responsibility for personal carrying out judgment and punishment __4 upon the person who did the offense. __5 But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes personalized and diffused. The society assumes the responsibility for __6 protecting individuals from violence. In cases where he cannot be __7 protected, the society is responsible for committing punishment. __8 In a state controlling legal system, individuals are removed __9 from the circle of revenge motivated by acts of violence, and the __10 state assumes responsibility for their protection. 模拟3