英语专业精读1课后1-7
Unite 1
Paraphrasing
(1) This ability to take familiar bits of language and to combine them to make new words and sentences is what sets language apart from other ways that human beings use to communicate.
=Because of the existence of morphological and syntactic rules, language enables to create new words and sentences making use of available materials. This is not possible with other ways that we use to communicate, such as the use of facial expressions or bodily gestures.
(2) We have to beware the wor d ‘language’. It’s often used in a vivid way to mean any kind of connection between people.
=We have to be cautious about the use of “language” because it is oftenused figuratively, refering to any means of communication (body language) or even the basis of mutual understanding (speaking the same language).
(3) We learn many rules of grammar in order to express different meanings, such as changing the order of words in a sentence. But we don’t have rules which change the order of our facial expressions to express different meanings.
=Facial expressions are different from real language in that there are no grammatical rules such as word order to help us express different meanings when we communicate with facial expressions.
(4) If I have the ability, I can paint them, draw them, sculpt them, dance them, compose them into a symphony or a ballet or a piece of jazz, and express myself in all the ways that are called “arts and crafts”.
= “Arts and crafts” are also means of communication. If I have the ability, I can express my thoughts and feelings in painting, drawing, sculpture, dance and music.
(5) In our everyday lives we produce and comprehend language with such apparent ease that we take it for granted. Yet the ease with which we use language belies a level of complexity of immense proportions.
=Our everyday use of our native language, whether to express ourselves or to understand others, is so easy that we have never realizedthe great complexity behind this simple fact.
Translation
（1）Once we’ve learned a few thousand words, and learned the ways our language allows us to put them together into sentences, we can say things that nobody has ever said before.
一旦我们掌握了数千个单词和语言所允许的将这些单词组合成句的方法，我们就可以说出别人从未说过的话。
（2）When people use their fa ces or hands to show their feelings, they’re doing something that is very different from what they do when they speak, write, or use a deaf sign language.
当人们用脸或手来表达情感的时候，他们所做的是一件与说话、书写或者使用聋人手语很不一样的事情。
（3）Language allows us to talk about our experience of the world in a way that no other means of communication can.
语言使我们能够以一种其他交际手段所不能比拟的方式谈论我们对世界的体验。
（4）那件鲜红的大衣使她在姑娘们中间显得特别突出。(apart from)
Her bright red coat set her apart from the other girls.
（5）我们的触觉能力也可以演绎出一套语言。(develop into)
Our ability to touch can also be developed into a language.
（6）他以蛮横无理的方式对他的助手们发号施令。
He orders his assistants around in a way that is very offensive.
（7）与书面语不同的是，我们在口语中并不是按照段落或章节来组织思想的。
Unlike writing, our thoughts are not framed in paragraphs or chapters in speech.
Unite 3
Paraphrasing
(1) Scollon points out that Athabaskan Indians consider it inappropriate to talkto strangers,and that this has an odd effect when an Athabaskan meets a non-Athabaskan,whiteorblack.One wants to get to know the other by talking andthe other feels it is inappropriate to talk until they know each other.
=Athabaskan Indians consider that it is inappropriate to talk to people they do not know. According to Scollon, this causes a strange effect when theAthabaskan Indians meet people from other cultures. The non-Athabaskans may want to make acquaintance with the Athabaskans by talking to them, but the Athabaskans will not talk to the non- Athabaskans before they become acquaintances.
(2)As she puts it, Gonjans are so aware of the indirect function of questions to imply unstated meaning that“the pure information question hasn't got a chance.”
=Gonjans take it for granted that questions are always asked to achieve indirect functions, so they never ask questions for pure information.
(3)This is the value associated with"getting down to brass tacks" and "sticking
to facts"-values taken for granted in American business and education,andperhaps more generally by American men.
=The Americans usually take it for granted that in communication people should be direct and say no more or less than needed, and that what people say is exactly what they mean. This is especially true in business and education and applies more to American men than to women.
(4)To the extent that no two people have exactly the same communicative background,to that extent,all communication is cross-cultural,and understanding cross cultural communication is a means to understanding language at the same time, it is also a means to understanding and, one hopes, improving problems and tasks
facing the world and the people in it, including the task of teaching and learning new languages.
=No two people have just the same cultural background. Therefore, all communication is cross-cultural to someextent. In this sense, understanding cross-cultural communication can help us understand the nature of language and tackle problems in the world, especially those caused by and related to the use of language, e.g. obstacles in foreign language teaching and learning.
Translation
(1)Just as physicists understand the nature of physical elements by observing their
behavior in various environments and in interaction with other elements, so we come to understand the nature of language by observing it in communication and in contact with other systems of communication.
物理学家通过观察物质元素在不同环境中的表现及其与其他物质的相互作用来理解它们的本质。与此相似，我们通过观察交际中的语言以及语言与其他交际符号系统的关联来认识语言的本质。
(2) One who learns the explicit vocabulary and grammar of a new language is likely to stuff it into the implicit paralinguistic and discourse casings of the
native communicative system.
外语学习者可能会把在一种新的语言中所学的显性的词汇和语法填充到母语交际系统中隐性的语篇框架或副语言外壳里。
(3)As social networks are always local,not global,people in different communities have different ways of using linguistic means to communicative ends,and their ways oftalking,like other cultural patterns,define them as a community.
社交网络总是区域性而非全球性的，不同社区的人有不同的语言手段来实现交际目标，与其他文化模式一样，人们说话的方式将他们界定为一个“（言语）社区”。
(4)你很可能会发现很多人对语言的形式和功能还抱有老一套的看法。
You are very likely to find many people who have stereotyped ideas about the forms and functions of language.
(完整版)大学英语精读第一册课后练
大学英语精读第一册课后练习部分答案 Unit 1 Cloze (A) 1. aware 2. performance 3. average 4. adequate 5. set aside 6. mentions 7.look over 8. commit (B) 1. if/once 2. about 3. it 4. know 5. up 6. as 7. from 8. words 9. into 10.other 11. for 12. when Translation 1、他这次考试的失败使他意识到定期复习功课的重要。 His failure in the exam has made him aware of the importance of reviewing his lessons regularly. 2、请一定不要忘记离家前你父母对你说过的话。 Be sure not to forget what your parents said to you before you left home.3、我确信她的英语知识对这项工作来说是足够的了。 I'm sure her knowledge of English is adequate for the job. 4、这篇文章的目的是告诉学生怎样培养良好的学习习惯。 The purpose of this article is to tell the students how to develop good study habits. 5、在当今时代，人们越来越多地依靠计算机(computers)来解决各种各样的问题。 In our age, people depend more and more on computers to solve various kinds of difficult problems.
现代大学英语精读book4-unit6课文
Book 4-Unit 5 Text A The Telephone Anwar F. Accawi 1.When I was growing up in Magdaluna, a small Lebanese village in the terraced, rocky mountains east of Sidon, time didn't mean much to anybody, except maybe to those who were dying. In those days, there was no real need for a calendar or a watch to keep track of the hours, days, months, and years. We knew what to do and when to do it, just as the Iraqi geese knew when to fly north, driven by the hot wind that blew in from the desert. The only timepiece we had need of then was the sun. It rose and set, and the seasons rolled by and we sowed seed and harvested and ate and played and married our cousins and had babies who got whooping cough and chickenpox—and those children who survived grew up and married their cousins and had babies who got whooping cough and chickenpox. We lived and loved and toiled and died without ever needing to know what year it was, or even the time of day. 2.It wasn't that we had no system for keeping track of time and of the important events in our lives. But ours was a natural or, rather, a divine—calendar, because it was framed by acts of God: earthquakes and droughts and floods and locusts and pestilences. Simple as our calendar was, it worked just fine for us. 3.Take, for example, the birth date of Teta Im Khalil, the oldest woman in Magdaluna and all the surrounding villages. When I asked Grandma, "How old is Teta Im Khalil" 4.Grandma had to think for a moment; then she said, "I've been told that Teta was born shortly after the big snow that caused the roof on the mayor's house to cave in."
大学英语精读第一册(第三版)答案
大学英语精读第三版(上海外语教育出版社董亚芬主编)第一册答案Book 1 Unit 1 Study&Practice Vocabulary Activities 1. 1)e 2)g 3)j 4)a 5)b 6)i 7)c 8)d 9)h 10)f 2. 1) handling 2) summarized 3) process 4) absorb 5) are bound to 6) feel free 7) for instance 8) strategies 9) complained 10) has committed... to memory 11) Nevertheless 12) rely... on 13) Apart from 14) command 3. 1) over and over again 2) at a time 3) put it into practice 4) watching out for 5) by no means 6) concentrate on 7) In addition to 8) in detail Enriching Your Word Power 1. 1)action 2)employ 3)announce 4)examination 5)communication 6)express 7)compose 8)improvement 9)concentration 10)management 11)consider 12)motivate 13)development
15)discuss 16)operate 17)division 18)production 19)educate 20)repeat 2. 1) a) additional b) add c) addition d) addition 2) a) effectively b) effect c) effective d) effect 3) a)helpful b) help c) helpless d) help e) helplessly f) helpfully g) helpful 4) a) reliant b) reliable c) reliance, reliable d) relies e) reliably 5) a) repetition b) repeating c) repeatedly d) repeated e) repetition Usage 1) In my opinion 2) According to Mary 3) In our opinion 4) According to today’s papers 5) In most doctors’ opinion ( According to most doctors) Structure 1. 1) Shakespeare was not only a dramatist but also an actor. 2) Miss Crain not only took me home in her car, but also came the next day to see if I had recovered. 3) Hainan Island attracts tourists not only in winter but also in summer. 4) There is always a black market not only in Britain, but also in other European countries. 5) At the Athens Olympics in 2004, Liu Xiang not only won a gold medal in the 110-meter hurdles, but also broke the Olympic record. 2. 1) It is true that your sentences are all gramma tically correct, but they don’t make any sense. 2) It is true that they lost that battle, but they still went on fighting. 3) It is true that Tom’s very clever and hardworking, but I still don’t think he is the right person for the job. 4) It is true that learning English is by no means easy, but we can make the task easier by using some learning strategies. Cloze 1. 1) strategies 2) frequently 3) over and over again 4) commit to memory 5) acquaintance 6) watch out for 7) communicate 8) process
现代大学英语精读1 单词
Perusal1：1 across alongside balcony band beneficial border circus cling clown conjurer convince creator crossroads curiosity daze exertion glance globe halt hatred hesitate introduction irritated joyfully lift misgiving nap observant opportunity overlook palm paradise perseverance physical rank revolve rivalry scold single sort spin startled stream stretch sunset surface sweetheart trace trick unclouded uniform universe vain in vain variety various vast whisper ---------- 2 approach awake banner billow chatter chew clench dusty engage exaltation ex-con existence fit fort fortify guy jail mask misty oak parole retreat ribbon scream stain stun swig tide tighten triumph unaware vanish wow yeah ---------- 3 agency bamboo Bangkok barter breeze buffalo bully condemn crab raft dusk Esarn evil exhausted fashionable fate fertile forefathers frog gardener greed hairdresser hardship heal infancy insult jeans litter lust old-fashioned monk nail pierce reap replace ripen ripple scarcity scent sheaves shimmer sickness sigh strip temple tend textile ungrateful wound ---------- 4 a series of account alternative anyway apparently authority balance belt branch office bully candy conclude damn deposit dismay exchange fortyish grocery helpless idiot interfere khakis loafers mustache neighborhood passion prep school protest rear represent ridiculous savings scared shrug slightly so-called upset wallet withdraw withdrawal ---------- 5 aid angel barometer calculate colleague competence course creative credit dash off deserve dilemma educational formula grade impartial inner instructor launch lean panic pendulum principle proportion recall referee resist select solve sophisticated Sputnik stopwatch string superintendent swing system temptation unit warn ---------- 6 atmosphere awful bulb chant cherry comic concern conscious crash criminal deal desperate dial electrical exchange fender flash gossip honey horizon hush impression intently jaw jerk kneel laughter lawn lighten likely maple menace meteor mob monster mower murmur nope obviously oddball operator optimistic outer overhead persistently plug polish porch portable precisely quietness react reaction reluctantly residential roar rooftop rub screw sense sidewalk space speechless spot stool stove stuff thunder tone tremendous typical upwards weird wet whirl ------ 7 alternative arrange aspect cell chili construct contact cultivate decline document dump eliminate enduring eventually fertilizer flourish fulfill hallway intellectual issue manual metaphor miner mixture nourish onion patch peanut permission pursue section seedling survive tend tender tennis warder wither ---------- 8 audience auditorium backstage bother career cast chin coach cocky comedian comedy commercial concentrate congratulate curtain dramatics eagerness embarrass exaggerated flea flushed giant groan hey humor invent jockey knee newcomer nonsense peck pleading plot promote promotion puppet sensible sharply shrimp smart stiff terrific tiptoe touchy undersized vice-president volunteer ---------- 9 able-bodied adapt to adequate affect ALS bandage bump Cambridge circumstance clumsiness comfort depression disability downplay drag enable exceptional frequency frequently function humiliation incurable liquid leuk (a) emia motor nasty nerves obstruction PhD predict rare recur scene slur span spinal strength supervisor tablecloth theoretical vacation worsen worthwhile ----------
现代大学英语精读2课文
Unit1 Another School Year — What For Let me tell you one of the earliest disasters in my career as a teacher. It was January of 1940 and I was fresh out of graduate school starting my first semester at the University of Kansas City. Part of the student body was a beanpole with hair on top who came into my class, sat down, folded his arms, and looked at me as if to say "All right, teach me something." Two weeks later we started Hamlet. Three weeks later he came into my office with his hands on his hips. "Look," he said, "I came here to be a pharmacist. Why do I have to read this stuff" And not having a book of his own to point to, he pointed to mine which was lying on the desk. New as I was to the faculty, I could have told this specimen a number of things. I could have pointed out that he had enrolled, not in a drugstore-mechanics school, but in a college and that at the end of his course meant to reach for a scroll that read Bachelor of Science. It would not read: Qualified Pill-Grinding Technician. It would certify that he had specialized in pharmacy, but it would further certify that he had been exposed to some of the ideas mankind has generated within its history. That is to say, he had not entered a technical training school but a university and in universities students enroll for both training and education.
现代大学英语精读1教案设计
Unit 1 Half a day 教学目的 1. 了解作者及其背景知识； 2．熟悉本文使用的写作手法； 3．掌握修辞疑问句、倒装句等修辞手法； 4．熟练掌握三类构词法； 5．通过深刻理解文章内涵，培养学生社会洞察力和相关的讨论能力，同时掌握文中的核心语言点。 教学内容 1. 热身 2．作者 教育与背景 主要著作 创作观 3．作品赏析 结构分析 如何赏析文学作品 扩展式讨论 4．写作技巧 省略疑问句和修辞疑问句 倒装句 “with”独立结构 5．语言理解 长难句解析 核心词汇学习 band, convince, daze, exert, intricate, observe, overlook, rank, revolve, startle, uviverse, vary 介词练习 构词法：-tion; -volve; -ly 6．课堂讨论 7．练与讲 教学重点 1. 文学作品的赏析； 2．文学中的修辞手法――省略疑问句和修辞疑问句；倒装句；“with”独立结构3．构词法：前缀 教学方法结合实际吸收各种教学法（讲授、问答、讨论、模仿、练习、多媒体使用）的优点。 教学手段用投影仪播放PowerPoint课件及板书；群发电子邮件布置课堂资料和课后作业（或其来源）。
ⅠAbout the author ★Naguib Mahfouz was born on the 11th Dec. 1911 in an old quarter of Cairo, the youngest son of a merchant. （mummies and pyramids / sphinx 狮身人面）★He worked in university administration（行政部门）and then in 1939 he worked for the Ministry of Islamic Affairs.（Buddhism Christianity Islam） ★He was later Head of the State Cinema Organization at the Ministry of Culture(文化部）. He also worked as a journalist（记者）. ★He is married, has two daughters and lives in Cairo. ★He was the first Arab to win the Nobel prize for literature He is now the author of no fewer than 30 novels, more than 100 short stories, and more than 200 articles. Half of his novels have been made into films which have circulated （流通；传播）throughout the Arabic-speaking world. The Cairo Trilogy（三部曲）is a tale of the lives of a Muslim family and spans （跨过）the first half of the 20th century. Palace Walk 《宫间街》Palace of Desire 《思官街》Sugar Street 《甘露街》How does he picture the world? 1 The world is very gloomy（阴沉的令人沮丧的）though not completely disappointing. 2 The author’s social utopia (乌托邦）is far from being realized. 3 Time is the bringer of change and change is a very painful process. 4 Life is a tragedy. ⅡText Appreciation 1 structure 2 Further discussion Can you recall your first day’s experience at primary school? Did you feel you were a stranger the first day you arrived at this university? Was it hard for you to leave home for the first time in your life? What do you think is the business of university? What do you expect to learn here? 3 Theme of the story The following are a few possible understandings of the message the story conveys. Which one do you agree with? Argue with your group partners. Time and tide wait for no man. Life is a tragedy. There is nothing permanent in life but change. Education can never keep up with changes in society. Life is short and time is precious. Life is a dream. Do not take anything seriously. 4 Structure of the text Part 1 (para. 1- 7 ) about:The boy’s misgivings about school Part 2 (para. 8-16 ) about: How the boy felt about school. Part 3 (para. 17-20 ) about: Walking out of the school, he found time had changed everything.
大学英语精读第三版第一册课后习题答案
大学英语精读第三版第一册答案Unit1 1)e 2)g 3)j 4)a 5)b 6)i 7)c 8)d 9)h 10)f 1) handling 2) summarized 3) process 4) absorb 5) are bound to 6) feel free 7) for instance 8) strategies 9) complained 10) has committed to memory 11) Nevertheless 12) rely on 13) Apart from 14) command 1) over and over again 2) at a time 3) put it into practice 4) watching out for 5) by no means 6) concentrate on 7) In addition t 8) in detail 1)action 2)employ 3)announce 4)examination 5)communication 6)express 7)compose 8)improvement 9)concentration 10)management 11)consider 12)motivate 13)development
14)movement 15)discuss 16)operate 17)division 18)production 19)educate 20)repeat 1) additional 2) add 3) addition 4) addition 1) effectively 2) effect 3) effective 4) effect 1) helpful 2) help 3) helpless 4) help 5) helplessly 6) helpfully 7) helpful 1) reliant 2) reliable 3) reliance reliable 4) relies 5) reliably 6) 1) repetition 2) repeating 3) repeatedly 4) repeated 5) repetition 1) In my opinion 2) According to Mary 3) In our opinion 4) According to today's papers 5) In most doctors' opinion According to most doctors 1) Shakespeare was not only a dramatist but also an actor. 2) Miss Crain not only took me home in her car, but also came the next day to see if I had recovered. 3) Hainan Island attracts tourists not only in winter but also in summer.
现代大学英语精读3课文电子版
Michael Welzenbach 1. When I was 12 years old, my family moved to England, the fourth major move in my short life. My father’s government job demanded that he go overseas every few years, so I was used to wrenching myself away from friends. 2. We rented an 18th-century farmhouse in Berkshire. Nearby were ancient castles and churches. Loving nature, however, I was most delighted by the endless patchwork of farms and woodland that surrounded our house. In the deep woods that verged against our back fence, a network of paths led almost everywhere, and pheasants rocketed off into the dense laurels ahead as you walked. 3. I spent most of my time roaming the woods and fields alone, playing Robin Hood, daydreaming, collecting bugs and bird-watching. It was heaven for a boy —but a lonely heaven. Keeping to myself was my way of not forming attachments that I would only have to abandon
大学英语精读第三版第一册Book1 Unit1-3答案
大学英语精读第三版第一册Book1 Unit1答案 1)e 2)g 3)j 4)a 5)b 6)i 7)c 8)d 9)h 10)f 1) handling 2) summarized 3) process 4) absorb 5) are bound to 6) feel free 7) for instance 8) strategies 9) complained 10) has committed to memory
11) Nevertheless 12) rely on 13) Apart from 14) command 1) over and over again 2) at a time 3) put it into practice 4) watching out for 5) by no means 6) concentrate on 7) In addition t 8) in detail 1)action 2)employ 3)announce 4)examination 5)communication 6)express 7)compose 8)improvement
9)concentration 10)management 11)consider 12)motivate 13)development 14)movement 15)discuss 16)operate 17)division 18)production 19)educate 20)repeat 1) additional 2) add 3) addition 4) addition 1) effectively 2) effect 3) effective 4) effect
大学英语精读第一册单词表
U 1 NEW WORDS average n. ordinary普通的；中等的 intelligenc e n. ability to learn and understand智力 necessarily ad. inevitably必定 case n. what has really happened; actual condition实情 additiona l a. added 加的，额外的n. addition weekly a.done or happening every week 每周的；一周一次的 schedule n. timetable时间表 chart n.(sheet of paper with) information written or drawn in the form of a picture图（表） commit vt.指定 ... 用于 aside ad. to the side在旁边；到（向）一边etc(Latin, shortened form for et cetera) and other things等等 normal a. usual 正常的，正规的，标准的 reading n.the act or practice of reading阅读 assignment n. sth. given out as a task(布置的 )作业 occupy n.take up占用 relaxation n. (sth. done for) rest and amusement休息，娱乐 relax v. 放松，休息，休养 hobby n. what one likes to do in one's free time业余爱好 entertainment n. show, party, etc. that people enjoy娱乐 entertain vt. 娱乐，招待，款待 solve vt. find an answer to (a problem)解决（问题） aware a. having knowledge or understanding知道的；意识到的 furthermore ad. moreover; in addition而且；此外 enable vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.)使（某人）能（做某事） activity n.sth. (to be) done活动 adequate a. as much as one needs; enough充分的；足够的 distraction n. sth. that draws away the mind or attention分心（或分散注意力）的事物 concentrate (on or upon)vi. pay close attention (to)全神贯注（于） skim vt. read quickly to get the main ideas (of)略读 preview vt. have a general view of (sth.) beforehand预习 content n.what is written in a book, etc.内容 organize vt. form into a whole组织 later ad. 后来；以后 skip vt. pass over略过 portion n. part; share一部分；一份
大学英语精读第一册全部答案
Unit 1 Cloze (A) 1. aware 2. performance 3. average 4. adequate 5. set aside 6. mentions 7. look over 8. commit (B) 1. if/once 2. about 3. it 4. know 5. up 6. as 7. from 8. words 9. into 10. other 11. for 12. when Translation 1、他这次考试的失败使他意识到定期复习功课的重要。 His failure in the exam has made him aware of the importance of reviewing his lessons regularly. 2、请一定不要忘记离家前你父母对你说过的话。 Be sure not to forget what your parents said to you before you left home. 3、我确信她的英语知识对这项工作来说是足够的了。 I'm sure her knowledge of English is adequate for the job. 4、这篇文章的目的是告诉学生怎样培养良好的学习习惯。 The purpose of this article is to tell the students how to develop good study habits. 5、在当今时代，人们越来越多地依靠计算机(computers)来解决各种各样的问题。In our age, people depend more and more on computers to solve various kinds of difficult problems. 6、略读不仅可以帮助你对将要阅读的东西有所了解，还可以帮助你读得快些，提高你的阅读理解力。 Skimming not only helps you get some idea of what you are going to read but also helps you read faster and improve your comprehension. 7、有些人以为男孩子比女孩子聪明。然而，事实未必如此。 Some people believe that boys are cleverer than girls. This is not necessarily the case, however. 8、即使智力一般的学生也可以通过改进学习习惯习惯而成为优等生。 Even students of average intelligence can become top students by improving their study habits. Unit 2 Cloze (A) 1. adventure 2. in spite of 3. determined 4.accomplish 5. voyage 6. attempts 7. dissuade 8. give up 9. covered (B) 1. conquer 2. about 3. succeeded 4. between 5. through 6. high 7. sail 8. follow/take 9. round 10. then 11. but 12. As 13. made 14. fast 15. did 16. ever 17. that 18. did Translation