机械外文翻译

Major in mechanical design and manufacture

Innovation is the driving force of human civilization progress, technological progress, economic development, is the foundation of national economy development. Innovation in the progress of human society, not only had a significant and

far-reaching impact on the formation and development of human scientific world outlook, but also make the science has become a revolutionary propelling force in history, has greatly promoted the development of human civilization. In our country, the conventional design still accounted for the major part, compared with foreign countries, we lack of innovation design. Therefore, we have to come out from the conventional mining, our creative thinking, strengthen the innovation of our ability to design, with our own characteristics and take a road of innovation.

Abstract: the mechanical innovation design and manufacturing is different from the conventional mechanical design, is the demand for new or predictive design staff, give full play to the designer's creativity and intelligence, using the related scientific theory, method and principle, new idea, design and manufacture of a novel, a mechanism or device of creative and practical practice. Mechanical innovation design compared with the conventional mechanical design, there is not much difference in the process, but it mainly emphasizes the initiative and creative role in the design process. Therefore, the human creative thinking has become an indispensable part of, occupy the leading position in innovation design.

Keywords: mechanical creative design innovative thinking : the basis of divergent thinking convergent thinking sensitive imagination thinking innovation of technology innovation and skills of mechanical innovation

Innovation is the driving force of human civilization progress, technological progress, economic development, is the foundation of national economy development. Throughout human history of the progress and development of the Chinese nation history, not difficult discovery, development period full of vigour is always full of innovation of science and technology, development and progress is always accompanied by innovation and. Which country and nation is good at innovation, will develop and powerful; on the other hand, stick in the mud, follow the beaten track, you will fall behind and failure, in the world will be beaten in a passive position. Innovation in the progress of human society, not only had a significant and

far-reaching impact on the formation and development of human scientific world outlook, but also make the science has become a revolutionary propelling force in history, has greatly promoted the development of human civilization. In the history, laid the foundation for the establishment of the innovation of knowledge of modern science system; in modern times, it is innovation that human vision is hitherto unknown development. So, how to design innovation? From the present situation of China's mechanical design, mainly engaged in routine design. While some foreign advanced industrial countries, already began to study the innovation design and

design patterns, from the original to come out, encourage designers with new ideas, new principle, new function to design a hitherto unknown products. Therefore, how to strengthen the mining mechanical creative design, creative thinking, it is particularly important.

( a ) the mechanical innovation design and manufacturing in general, the process of innovation design is mostly from the beginning of the thinking in images, and then through logical reasoning and judgment and the corresponding synthesis, analysis and decision making, and design project; then design specific, namely the establishment of the new mechanism, structure and Mechanical system model, design. The calculation and technical details. Mechanical innovation design and manufacturing is different from the conventional mechanical design, is the demand for new or predictive design staff, give full play to the designer's creativity and intelligence, using the related scientific theory, method and principle, new idea, design and manufacture of a novel, a mechanism or device of creative and practical practice activities. It contains technical performance, improved mechanical reliability, economy and applicability, but also reflects the harmonious beauty technology. It contains two parts: one is to improve the production and life of the existing mechanical product performance, improve reliability, economy, applicability;

( two ) is to create the design of new machines, new products, to meet the needs of the new production and life. Mechanical creative design process. Mechanical creative design goal is starting, the required mechanical function improvement, improve the existing machinery or create new machinery to achieve the desired function, and it has good working performance and economic benefit. Mechanical creative design process technology experts proposed by China, can be divided into four stages: determine the basic mechanical principle according to the design of tasks and requirements, mechanical structure type synthesis and optimization, optimization of motion and motion parameters of the mechanism size synthesis, kinematics parameters comprehensive optimization and dynamic parameters. The completion of the four stage, he preferred the mechanical design of the form, and then into the mechanical structure of innovative design stage. Mechanical innovation design compared with the conventional mechanical design, there is not much difference in the process, but it mainly emphasizes the initiative and creative role in the design process.. The characteristics of mechanical innovation design. Is more than the science and technology crossover, penetration, fusion; also part of the work is not data, non-computational, thinking must be based on the accumulation of knowledge and experience, reasoning and judgment, and by the methods of creativity and divergent thinking; or in the knowledge, experience, inspiration and imagination in search and optimization design scheme;. Mechanical creative design thinking 1. The concept of mechanical creative design thinking. Creative thinking is a breakthrough in the existing mode of thinking, to reorganize the existing knowledge, experience, information and material and other factors, the brain thinking reaction field in order to activate, put forward a proposal or new procedures, and create

a new thinking way of thinking. To create, first of all to have creative thinking, creative thinking is the unique attributes of human brain. Creative thinking is " did not think of anyone else thought ", the creative thinking is novel and unique information processing art, is between various elements of human thinking activity and the thinking activity of coordination of the organic combination of advanced the whole process. Creative thinking is different from the logical thinking is used in the design field, which mainly lies in creative thinking creative imagination participation, but, logical thinking is one-dimensional, is unidirectional and single ambiguity characteristics, and creative thinking is a kind of

three-dimensional thinking, usually not extended fixed direction, it is more emphasis on visual, Lenovo, fantasy and inspiration, so innovation design does not depend on the logical reasoning out of, but by the creative thinking generated.

Any mechanical innovation design must from the divergent thinking to convergent thinking, divergent thinking from the convergent thinking to move in circles, repeatedly, until the problem is resolved, or creative thinking form. Inspiration thinking. Inspiration is that after thinking and long-term exploration, inspired by some kind of phenomenon, the originality of the idea or ideas flashed in the mind. It is the mental state is one of the most creative leap forward thinking people's creative activities climax after the. Inspiration is rapidly developed and advanced concentrated thinking, is a process of omission. Inspiration is a form of thinking, but also is a kind of high level features of brain information processing. Many scientific discoveries, new products are created through inspiration thinking activity, as a mechanical no workers should pay more attention to the development of inspiration, inspired to help enhance creativity, innovation ability. Imagine thinking. The imagination is a kind of abstract thinking activities, the imagination can be non-rational imagination, can also be a rational restructuring or partial update properties based on existing deterministic on imagination. Imagine thinking with the objective reality as the basis, high generality and image and new combination characteristics and creativity, imagination is the most beautiful of human thinking tree, flower magic. There is no imagination there is no creation, creation is inseparable from imagination, imagination is the essence of creating.

( three ) the mechanical creative design method for mechanical creative design used the following methods: 1. Intellectual synthesis method. A method of collective wisdom. Through the form of collective discussion, divergent thinking and innovation. Discussion should be mutual inspiration, learn from each other, the chain reaction caused by innovative ideas, make thought free and bold new ideas emerge, fierce. Discussion of the goals must be clear, beforehand. Its principles are: encourages free thinking, follow one's inclinations, conceive novelty; don't criticize others ideas; delayed evaluation, but early conclusion; have a definite object in view, don't talk; discussed are equal, do not advocate the minority is subordinate to the majority; timely induction, summary, record ideas, for you next time; finally, selecting the most appropriate, the most future insights, and examine the feasibility of. 2. Bionic analogy method. Through the analysis of analogy to the

biological function of nature, from things differ in thousands of ways, corresponding to different degrees of similarity and analogy.

Technology progress is generally realized by the technology innovation. Comprehensive reflection of technology innovation of technology products,

first-class, so large to the country's industrial progress, small to enterprise sales decline, rely on the technology products accounted for absolute advantage in technology at home and abroad market. With the progress of science and technology, technology, product updates faster and faster, the technology market will be replaced by technology products more novel, function more complete. Technological progress through access to new technology, new product to realize the way, summed up the two: the introduction of technology and independent development. Introduction of technology enables the enterprise to obtain advanced technology in a short period of time, is the effective way of enterprise development, but the implementation and completion technology introduction is a very difficult thing. Technology introduction to complete the introduction of technology there are three important links: the popularization of technology introduction, technology accumulation and technology. Technology import link is easy to do, but the technology accumulation and technology popularization need to pay great efforts. Our country in the aspects of the introduction of foreign advanced technology has made some achievements, but the number of technology introduction just made the first step, not the introduction of based on the digestion, improvement, development and popularization, often found to have a high technical level of the imported equipment was abandoned, although in the application has no advanced function high the level of equipment. Technology transfer in technology transfer, very worried about technology transfer will bring " boomerang effect ", namely the introduction of technology through its own development, the development of the technology, which in turn has the export of updated technology and products to the technology, and become the technology transfer competitors. Based on this point, transfer of technology transfer of technology is often obsolescent technology, they are constantly updated technology research and development, in order to ensure the leading position. Technology introduction should understand, any one enterprise can not easily put their hard research and development out of the new products of the latest technology, submissively, and there were many new technologies on transfer of technology is not the. Thought that the introduction of technology can make all the problems be smoothly done or easily solved, is a very naive and unrealistic ideas. Introduction of technology principle is : the importance of technology introduction, attach more importance to technology development and promotion, do not relax to rely on their own hands to work hard and perseveringly, technical innovation, new product development efforts. The key to form the independent technical development capabilities is established technology market competition system of science and technology and training to continuously provide creative talent. Leading talent is the intellectual foundation for the creation of new technology, new product. Facts have fully demonstrated, all competing technologies on the market comes down to

talent competition, competition is more intense, more urgent need of innovation ability. Only with a galaxy of talents of the unique advantages, can we create the creative achievements of absolute advantage. Cultivation technology need new theory, new technology, new method of armed, improve the mechanical innovation ability of college students, more need to enrich the new theory, new technology and new ideas. The second day creation and invention is not mysterious human history there are countless discovery, invention and innovation, production, life on the human being 's very profound influence, which greatly promoted the development of productive forces, promote the continuous improvement of people's living standard. When it comes to invention, discovery. People may think that is a very mysterious thing, thought innovation is the scholars and experts in the patent products, generally difficult to. In fact, creation and invention is not mysterious, through the strengthening of training the creative thinking, grasp necessary creative skills, enhance self-confidence, actively engaged in the practice of creative activity, constantly improve their own creativity, you can also create and invention, therefore, creativity is the ability of every normal person has, not unique individual genius mystery things. Side of life in the invention, as long as the lookout, around things will stimulate creative inspiration, such as Luban according to the heuristic spinule weeds can cut through the hands of the invented the saw; Watt in the observed water after the boil

Steam the kettle cover from the top of this phenomenon and the invention of the steam engine; man land why slip on the banana peel? Generally no reflection and exploration, and people pay attention to this problem, through the study of our age is full of hopes and opportunities of the times. Hope in twenty-first Century in Asia, Asia's hope in china. After decades of development, China's machinery industry has been relatively mature, with foreign advanced level in the gap is narrowing, but there are still many problems, so the mechanical science and technology workers have a long way to go. We often say: education does not equal ability, diploma is not equal to the level of knowledge, experience and skills, but is still the basis of the success of innovation. The philosopher Bacon proposed: " knowledge is power ", Newton said that his success is standing on the shoulders of our predecessors results. A very important rule is all innovation is diligently study and never yield in spite of reverses practical results. To be innovative, must learn the knowledge and skills. After entering the information age, knowledge change rapidly, the information explosion. A person's knowledge through the University of learning can only meet the needs of knowledge of 10 ~ 20%. The rest must constantly to meet the social development of learning to demand. If there is no certain basic knowledge of mathematics, mechanics, we cannot determine the spatial trajectory of robot motion, not balancing design, if not necessary ability, new product design can only put it away unheeded. So the young mechanical design and production workers, should continue to work hard, keep on carving to improve their innovative knowledge, experience and skills, or " innovation " shout louder but is also a " slogan ". In fact, mechanical creative design is not difficult to imagine, it is not easy to do,

as long as you look around the small, good at that, in the machinery and you will have a new innovation, China mechanical tomorrow will be on the top of the world