九年级英语阅读理解及练习
阅读理解题型及解题技巧
从近几年的中考阅读理解情况看，短文体裁多样，题材各异，文章涉及科学知识、社会文化、政治历史、人文环境和日常生活等方面，充分体现其时代性、实用性。短文难度逐年加大。常见题型有主旨题、细节题、推断题、猜测词义题和正误判断题。
做阅读理解练习应先看问题，弄清考点。在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所要信息。先易后难。做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序，应遵循先易后难的原则。如可先做细节题再做推断题，因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案，而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解，再作判断。
（一）主旨题
此类题型用以考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。其中一类题型为主旨问题。
1、主旨大意题题干常见的问句形式
1)主旨句设问类型What is the main idea of this passage?What does the passage maily talk about?We can conclude / learn from the passage that ……
2)最佳标题选择类型The best title for this passage is ……
3)作者主旨意图类型What does the writer want to tell us?Which can express the purpose of the writer according to the passage?
2、主旨大意题的解题方法
主旨大意题一定要注意文章的首尾两段。如果首尾两段的主旨表达是一致的，那么文章的主旨便是两段重复表明的语句内容表达。找出选项中与归纳的主旨表达重复最多的选项即为最佳答案。如果首尾两段的主旨表达不一致，则需要观察文章的段落篇幅量是倾向于首段或是尾段，从而确定主旨段落。在此过程中，观察篇幅量只需跳读文章段落的首句尾句即可，无需细读段落内容，以节省时间。如果文章只有一段，则注意文章的首两句及尾句，然后用以上的方法确定主旨句。
此外，标题选择即为主旨句的压缩表达，注意抓住主旨句进行主要词汇的提炼，把一个句子提炼为几个关键词，即是对主旨大意进行概括归纳的标题。而作者意图表达必须通过归纳中心主题才能找到，通常体现为advise，convince，present，purpose，warn等。
（二）细节题
1、细节事实题题干常见的问句形式
1)True or NOT true 是非判断类型Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? Which of the following statements is NOT true? Which of the following is NOT considered as……? According to the passage，which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the reasons for……?
2)特殊疑问词提问类型
How many……?What/who/when/where/how/why……?
3)排序题类型Which of the orders is correct according to the passage?
4)例证题类型The author gives the example in……paragraph in order to ……
5) 表唯一细节概念题类型：……the most / ~est …………the only ……2、细节事实题的解题方法：
做这类题的一般方法是先要找出题干或是选项中的关键字，一般为数字、大写或人名地名，再通过scanning快速确定该细节在文中的出处(信息源)，仔细对照题干要求，排除或选择。命题者在出这类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的手法来迷惑考生，即对原句细微处做改动，截取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把A的观点说成B的观点等。所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。细节事实题还要十分注意句子的非主干成分，如定语、状语、补语等，这些成分都是出题者常进行误导的落脚点。
是非判断一般都遵循对照选项进行“三对一错或三错一对”的判断。若该信息句是长句或难句，要学会找出其主干部分，分析句子结构，正确理解信息句的意义。一定要注意的是，要所答是所问，不要受到惯势思维的影响，习惯性地去选择正确的细节事实，切记要弄清问题，不要所答非所问。
例证题一定要注意以for example……，such as……等关键入手处，找出细节出处。排序题要先仔细观察选项，找出首尾相同的选项分组，进而通过具体细节信息比较进行排除和选择。唯一细节题一定要仔细审题，弄清题干所需。特别需要提醒的是，选项中出现有most (最高级)、the only(唯一)、all(所有)、none(全否)修饰的细节，都具有绝对性，选择判断时要慎选。
（三）推断题
此类题的关键是要注意原文出现的语句不是我们做出的推理判断，而是原文给出的细节信息，所以原文语句不能选。判断时对已知的事实仔细评价后做出的合理决定并非唯一决定，要对事实进行合乎情理的判断，有时还需借助常识进行判断。
推理判断题分两种，即对细节的推理和对主旨的推理。主要以We can infer / imply / learn from this passage that ……等进行提问。解决此类题要注意，一是与原文相同的细节不能选，二是文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断。解题过程中只要注意上述两点，再结合做细节和主旨的方法，即可以做出推理判断题。
（四）猜测词义题
猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力。一般情况下，推断词义的题目中所出现的单词，大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索。通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查是否贴切，仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的含义。
1.通过因果关系猜词
通过因果关系猜词，首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能
猜词。有时文章借助关联词(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，of course，therefore等等)表示前因后果。例如：
You shouldn't have blamed him for that，for it wasn't his fault.通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错)，可猜出blame的词义是"责备"。
2.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词
通过同义词猜词，一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组，如happy and gay，即使我们不认识gay这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思；二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词，如Man has known something about the planets Venus，Mars，and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均为生词，但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都
属于"行星"这一义域。通过反义词猜词，一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如but，while，however等；二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语，如：He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.根据not at all...handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。
3.通过构词法猜词
在阅读文章时，我们总会遇上一些新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意，而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用，此时，如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识，这些问题便不难解决了。
4.通过定义或释义关系来推测词义
例如：But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time. Then there is a dry period，or drought.
从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought，由此可见drought意思为"久旱"，"旱灾"。而a dry period和drought 是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由is，or，that is，in other words，be called 或破折号等来表示。
5.通过句法功能来推测词义
例如：Bananas，oranges，pineapples，coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生词，我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples，coconuts和bananas，oranges是同类关系，同属fruit类，因此它们是两样水果，准确地说，是菠萝和椰子。
6.通过描述猜词
描述即作者为帮助读者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出
的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。例如：The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole. It is fat and walks in a funny way. Although it cannot fly，it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。
A
With miles of beaches，sea and sunshine，Pattaya(芭堤雅) is one of the most popular places for visitors to Thailand．It provides many kinds of entertainment for both young people and the whole family．There is always something to do，any time，any weather，any day or night．
Orchid(兰化) Farms are a worthwhile visit and if you are thinking of taking some of these beautiful plants home，visit a day or two before you leave to make sure that you will have live plants when you get back．You can also get great orchids in a sealed(密封) bottle that will last as long as your memory．
Pattaya Elephant Village is another place that you can not miss in Pattaya．It is a good place to learn and understand how elephants have been linked into Thai life and history over the centuries．You can also take an elephant trek there．Show time allows the elephants to display their skills，such as playing football．
You can also feed a tiger at the Sriracha Tiger Zoo(斯里拉差龙虎园)．There you will learn more about tigers．You can take photos with them．You can also enjoy elephant and crocodile shows at the zoo．
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
( ) 1．What is Pattaya famous for in Thailand?
A．Beaches．
B．Sea．
C．Sunshine．
D．All of the above．
( ) 2．Whenever you go to Pattaya，it can provide many kinds of entertainment for ________．
A．both young people and the whole family
B．both old people and the whole family
C．both young people and kids
D．both parents and kids
( ) 3．Where can you get beautiful orchids in Thailand?
A．Beaches．
B．Pattaya Elephant Village．
C．Orchid Farms．
D．The Sriracha Tiger Zoo．
( ) 4．Which animal do you see at the Sriracha Tiger Zoo?
A．Foxes．B．Elephants．C．Lions．D．Monkeys．
( ) 5．The passage mainly tells us ________．
A．Pattaya is one of the most popular places for visitors to Thailand
B．you must buy some beautiful orchids in Thailand
C．Pattaya Elephant Village is the only place that you can not miss in Pattaya D．if you visit Thailand，you must visit the Sriracha Tiger Zoo
B
W hen my family moved to America in 2019 from a small village in Guangdong, China, we brought not only our luggage, but also our village rules, customs and culture. One of the rules is that young people should always respect(尊敬) elders. Unluckily, this rule led to my very first embarrassment in the United States.
I had a part-time job as a waiter in a Chinese restaurant. One time, when I was serving food to a middle-aged couple, the wife asked me how the food could be served so quickly. I told her that I had made sure they got their food quickly because I always respect the elderly. As soon as I said that, her face showed great displeasure. My manager, who happened to hear what I said, took me aside and gave me a long lecture about how sensitive(敏感) Americans are and how they dislike the description “old”.
I then walked back to the table and apologized to the wife. After the couple heard my reason, they understood that the problem was caused by cultural differences, so they laughed and were no longer angry.
In my village in China, people are proud of being old. Not so many people live to be seventy or eighty, and people who reach such an age have the most knowledge and experience. Young people always respect older people because they know they can learn from their rich experience.
However, in the United States, people think “growing old” is a problem since “old” shows that a person is going to retire or that the body is not working well. Here many people try to keep themselves away from growing old by doing exercises or jogging, and women put on makeup, hoping to look young. When I told the couple in the restaurant that I respect the elderly, they got angry because this caused them to feel they had failed to stay young. I had told them something they didn’t wan t to hear.
After that, I changed the way I had been with older people. It is not that I don’t respect them any more; I still respect them, but now I don’t show my feelings through
words.
By Jack
根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。
1. Jack brought the couple their food very fast because _______.
A. the manager asked him to do so
B. he respected the elderly
C. the couple wanted him to do so
D. he wanted more pay
2. When Jack called the couple “elderly”, they became _______.
A. nervous
B. satisfied
C. unhappy
D. excited
3. In Jack’s hometown, _______.
A. people dislike being called “old”
B. people are proud of being old
C. many people reach the age of seventy or eighty
D. the elderly are the first to get food in restaurants
4. After this experience, Jack _______.
A. lost his job in the restaurant
B. made friends with the couple
C. no longer respected the elderly
D. changed his way with older people
5. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The more Jack explained, the angrier the couple got.
B. Jack wanted to show his feelings through words after his experience.
C. The manager went back to the table and apologized to the couple.
D. From this experience, Jack learned more about American culture.
C
Jean is a bright young woman who comes from a rich and famous family. She goes to a good university and has everything that money can buy. Well, almost everything. The problem is that the people in Jean’s family are so busy that they can hardly find time to be with her. In fact, Jean is quite lonely.
So Jean spends a lot of time on her QQ. She likes being anonymous(匿名), talking to people who do not know about her famous family and her rich life. She uses the name Linda on QQ and has made a lot of friends who she keeps in touch with quite often. Last year Jean made a very special friend on QQ. His name was David and lived in San Francisco. David was full of stories and jokes. He and Jean had a common(共同的) interest in rock music and modern dance. So it always took them hours to talk happily on QQ and sometimes they even forgot their time. Of course, they wanted to know more about each other. David sent a picture of himself: He was a tall, good-looking young man with a big, happy smile. As time went by, they became good friends and often sent cards and small things to each other.
When Jean’s father told her that he was going on a business trip to San Francisco, she asked him to let her go with him so that she could give David a surprise for his birthday. She would take him the latest DVD of their favorite rock singer. But when she knocked on David’s door in San Francisco, she found that her special friend was a twelve-year-old boy named Jim!
根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。
1. Jean spends a lot of her time on QQ because she is _______.
A. rich
B. famous
C. young
D. lonely
2. Jean thought “David” was special because he _______.
A. made her quite happy on QQ
B. was from San Francisco
C. sent her a picture of himself
D. was tall and good-looking
3. When Jean and “David” met and introduced themselves to each other, who felt surprised?
A. “David”.
B. Both “David” and Jean.
C. Jean.
D. Neither “David” nor Jean.
4. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Don’t believe those yo u get to know on QQ so easily.
B. People don’t use their real names on QQ so often.
C. Don’t go to meet those you get to know on QQ.
D. People should tell their real names to others on QQ.
D
Linda Evans was my best friend—like the sister I never had. We did everything together: piano lessons, movies, swimming, horseback riding.
When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special time—like my wedding (婚礼) and L inda’s. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address (地址) Unknown. ” I had no idea how to find Linda.
Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share (分享) happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.
One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman —Linda’s married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I thought, but J still wrote to her.
She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs Tobin!” she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother. ”
Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on each other’s lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled. And there’s one thing that Linda and I know for sure: We won’t lose each other again!
根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。
1. The writer went to piano lessons with Linda Evans _______.
A. at the age of 13
B. before she got married
C. after they moved to new homes
D. before the writer’s family moved away
2. They didn’t often write to each other because they _______.
A. got married
B. had little time to do so
C. didn’t like writing letters
D. could see each other on special time
3. There was an empty place in the writer’s heart be cause she _______.
A. was in trouble
B. didn’t know Linda’s address
C. received the card that she sent
D. didn’t have a friend like Linda to share her happi ness or sadness
4. The writer was happy when she _______.
A. read the newspaper
B. heard Linda’s voice on the phone
C. met a young woman who looked a lot like Linda
D. wrote to the woman whose last name was Wagman
5. They haven’t kept in touch _______.
A. for about 40 years
B. for about 27 years
C. since they got married
D. since the writer’s family moved away
九年级英语阅读理解训练题及答案
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最新小学英语阅读组合训练五级下教程文件
我给你指路 Mike is traveling around the country in his car.One evening he is driving Along a road and looking for a small hotel.Then he sees an old man at The side of the road.He stops his car and says to the old man, “I want to go to the Sun Hotel.Do you know it ?” “Yes,”the old man says. “I’ll show you the way.”He gets into Mike’s car.and they drive off.They drive for about twelve miles.When they come to a small house,the old man says, “Stops here.” Mike stops and looks at the house. “But this isn’t a hotel,”he says to the old man. “No,”the old man answers. “This is my house.And now I’ll show you the way to the Sun Hotel.Tum around and go back nine miles.Then you’ll see The hotel on the left.” ( )1.Mike is looking for a____________. A.bank B.school C.hotel ( )2.Mike stops his car because________. A.he sees a friend B.he wants to ask the way C.he wants to pick up the old man ( )3.The old man takes Mike to ______. A.his own house B.Mike’s house C.the Sun Hotel ( )4.Mike should go back______,and then he can find the Sun Hotel. A.10 miles B.5 miles C.9 miles ( )5.Is the old man clever(聪明的）? A.Yes,he is. B.No.he isn’t. C.We don’t know.
初三英语阅读组合训练(六)
初三英语阅读组合训练（六） On a Saturday morning, my left arm went numb(麻木的), and I felt dizzy. I was taken to hospital. After a quick 41 , the doctor said I had a stroke. As waves of paralysis(瘫痪) came over me, I slowly lost 42 of my body. I was just 50 and I c ouldn’t believe it. After two operations, I was transferred to the Recovery Center（恢复中心）. Though I had lost the use of my 43 arm and leg and couldn’t see out of my left eye, the only thought on my mind was to return to my job. But in fact I needed to relearn how to 44 and see first and this just made me feel like it was 45 to become well again. A few days after my first discouraging physical therapy(治疗) session, my mother came into my room with a neatly-typed 46 written by a nine-year-old boy named Jackson. He told me about the stroke he’d had only a year earlier. He, too, had been paralyzed on his left side. But, beyond telling me what he had lost, Jackson shared what I would 47 . “Do not give up on yourself. All the hard work is worth it.” he wrote. And the advice kept on coming. He told me to 48 the therapy on the hospital’s “grown-up” floor, where “they make you work hard and you get lots of things back fast.” Here I was, a grown man and a senator(参议员) of Illinois, getting 49 from a young boy I had 50 met. After a few weeks of writing letters to each other, I arranged for us to meet. He seemed 51 at first, but the embarrassing situation quickly melted away. Jackson showed me how he could run, and I immediately felt encouraged. One thing I particularly 52 was the energy and dignity radiating from him. As for my recovery, it 53 just as Jackson said it would. After a year of intense physical therapy, I climbed to the top of the Capitol and returned to work. With every step I took, I thought of Jackson and his courage and confidence. Whenever I was tired or 54 , I thought of him, the world’s 55 boy. 41. A. decision B. examination C. description D. discussion 42. A. hope B. sight C. memory D. control 43. A. right B. left C. single D. only 44. A. speak B. run C. stand D. climb 45. A. important B. helpful C. impossible D. cruel 46. A. book B. letter C. novel D. present 47. A. experience B. discover C. lose D. get 48. A. attend B. refuse C. end D. overcome 49. A. information B. knowledge C. advice D. success 50. A. sometimes B. seldom C. ever D. never 51. A. confident B. nervous C. upset D. serious 52. A. expected B. admired C. recalled D. believed 53. A. came B. fell C. stayed D. disappeared 54. A. discouraged B. encouraged C. lazy D. patient 55. A. kindest B. oldest C. strongest D. earliest
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