21世纪大学英语读写教程第二册单词

amid

prep.in the middle of, among 在…之中

* disastrous

a. extremely bad; terrible 灾难性的，糟透的

lord

n. (in Britain) title of some officials of very high rank（英）大臣；大人，阁下

admiralty

n. (the A～)(in Britain) government department in charge of the navy （英）海军部campaign

n. 1. a series of planned military actions 战役

2. a planned series of activities, esp. in politics and business 运动

bloody

a. 1. very violent, with a lot of wounding and killing 血腥的

2. covered with blood 血污的

mission

n. 1. (usu. military) duty or purpose for which people are sent somewhere ［常指军事］任务2. 天职，使命

privately

ad. 1. not publicly 非公开地

2. personally; secretly 在涉及私（个）人方面；秘密地

private

a. 1. personal; secret 私（个）人的；秘密的

2. not public 非公开的

disaster

n. (a)sudden great misfortune 灾难，天灾；祸患

* grief

n. a feeling of extreme sadness 悲哀

* grieve

v. suffer from grief or great sadness （为…而）悲伤；伤心

retreat

n. 1. a place into which one can go for peace and safety 隐居处

2. 撤退；避难

vi. move back or leave a center of fighting or other activity 撤退；退避

muse, Muse

n. 1. (in Greek mythology) one of the nine goddesses of poetry, music, etc. 缪斯（希腊神话中司文艺的九位女神之一）

2. a force or person that inspires sb. to write, paint, etc. 创作灵感

rescue

n. help which gets sb. out of a dangerous or unpleasant situation 救助；救援

vt. 救助；救援

sister-in-law

n. sister of one's husband or wife 姑子；姨子；嫂子；弟媳

sketch

v. make a quick, rough drawing (of sth.) 素描，速写

n. 素描，速写

watercolo(u)r

n. 水彩（颜料）；水彩画

magic

n. 魔法，法术

a. 有魔力的

* distract

vt. (from) take (one's mind, sb.) off sth. 转移（注意力）; 使转移注意力

* canvas

n. 1. a piece of strong heavy cloth used for an oil painting 帆布画布

2. a completed oil painting 油画

* contemplate

vt. look at in a serious or quiet way, often for some time （默默地）注视，凝视

blank

a. 1. without writing, print or other marks 空白的

2. expressionless；without understanding 无表情的；茫然的

unaccustomed

a. not used (to sth.); not usual （对某物）不习惯的；不寻常的

accustomed

a. regular; usual 惯常的，通常的

hesitantly

ad. not doing sth. quickly or immediately for one's uncertainty or worry about it 犹豫不决地infinite

a. extremely great in degree or amount; without limits or end 无限的；极大的

precaution

n. 1. carefulness 防备，预防

2. an action taken to avoid sth. dangerous or unpleasant 预防措施

bean

n. 豆；蚕豆

motorcar

n. a car 汽车

alarm

vt. excite with sudden fear or anxiety 使惊恐；使忧虑

n. 1. a sudden feeling of fear or anxiety 惊恐；忧虑

2. a warning of danger 警报

plunge

vi. (into, in) 1. rush suddenly and deeply into sth. 投身于

2. suddenly fall in a particular direction 纵身投入；一头扎入

fierce

a. 1. angry, violent and cruel 暴怒的；凶猛的；残酷的

2. (of heat, strong feelings) very great 强烈的

* slash

n. a long sweeping cut or blow 砍；挥击

vt. cut with long sweeping forceful strokes；move or force with this kind of cutting movement 砍，

absolutely

ad. completely；without conditions 完全地；绝对地

* terrify

vt. fill with terror or fear 恐吓，使惊吓

* wretched

a. very unhappy or unfortunate 不幸的；可怜的

victim

n. sb. or sth. hurt or killed as a result of other people's actions, or of illness, bad luck, etc. 牺牲者，受害者；牺牲品

* fury

n. 1. a wildly excited state (of feeling or activity) 狂热；激烈

2. (a state of) very great anger 狂怒

artistic

a. 1. of. concerning art or artists 艺术的；艺术家的

2. made with inventive skill or imagination 富有艺术性的

companion

n. mate; one who associates with or accompanies another 同伴；伴侣

beloved

a. much loved; darling 深爱的；亲爱的

overcome

vt. 1. (often pass.) (by, with) (of feelings) take control and influence one's behavior ［常被动］（感情等）压倒，使受不了

2. win a victory over; defeat 克服；战胜

* refuge

n. (a place that provides) protection or shelter from harm, danger or unhappiness 避难（所）；庇护（所）

alas

int. a cry expressing grief, sorrow or fear 唉（表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等）

* revive

v. 1. regain strength, consciousness, life, etc.；bring (sb. or sth.) back to strength, consciousness, life, etc. （使）复苏；（使）重振活力

2. become active, popular, or successful again 恢复生机；复兴；重新流行

glow

n. a feeling of warmth or pleasure 热烈

vi. emit a soft light 发光

amateur

a. & n. (a person who is) not professional 业余（水平）的（运动员、艺术家等）

entry

n. 1. a person or thing taking part in a competition, race, etc. 参赛一员

2. entrance; the act of entering or the right to enter 进入；进入权

* anonymous

a. (of a person) with name unknown；(of a letter, painting, etc.) written or created by an unidentified person 名字不详的；匿名的

vt. make or declare unfit, unsuitable, or unable to do sth. 取消…的资格；使不适合；使不能rely

vi. (on, upon) 1. have trust or confidence (in) 信任；信赖

2. depend with full trust or confidence 依赖

* historian

n. a person who studies history and/or writes about it 历史学家

* barren

a. (of land) unproductive （土地等）贫瘠的，荒芜的

awaken

vt. 1. (to) cause to become conscious of 使意识到

2. cause to wake up 唤醒

* menace

n. a threat or danger 威胁

abundant

a. plentiful; more than enough 丰富的；充足的

abundance

n. a great quantity; plenty 丰富；充裕；大量

odd

a. 1. (infml.) (after numbers) a little more than the stated number ［常用以构成复合词］…以上的；…出头的

2. strange or unusual 奇特的；古怪的

3. 奇数的，单数的

existence

n. the state of existing 存在；实有

* pastime

n. hobby；sth. done to pass time in a pleasant way 消遣，娱乐

Phrases and Expressions

pay the price

experience sth. unpleasant because one has done sth. wrong, made a mistake, etc. 付出代价come to sb.'s rescue

help sb. when he/she is in danger or difficulty 解救某人，救助某人

chance upon

meet by chance; find by chance 偶然碰见；偶然发现

try one's hand

attempt (to do sth.), esp. for the first time 尝试

plunge into

begin to do sth. suddenly; enter without hesitation 突然或仓促地开始某事；突然冲入

before one knows it

before one has time to consider the course of events 转眼之间，瞬息之间

fall upon

attack fiercely 猛攻，猛扑

take refuge

seek protection from danger or unhappiness 避难

trust, or confidently depend on 依赖，依靠

fall from office

lose a position of authority to which sb. was elected or appointed 离位，下台

awaken to

cause to become conscious of 使意识到

bear fruit

produce successful results 结果实；有成果

date from

have existed since 始自

keep sb. company

stay with sb. so that he/she is not alone 陪伴某人

第二单元

excel

v. (at) be the beat or better others (at sth.) 胜过他人

savings

n. money saved, esp. in a bank 积蓄；存款

heartbreaking

a. which causes great sorrow 令人悲痛的，令人心碎的

costly

a. expensive, costing a lot of money 代价高昂的；昂贵的

sacrifice

n. loss or giving up of sth. of value, esp. for what is believed to be a good purpose 牺牲

vt. 牺牲

risk

n. (of) a danger；sth. that might have undesirable results 危险；风险

vt. place in a dangerous situation 使遭受危险；冒…的风险

cope

vi. (with) deal successfully (with a difficult situation) （妥善地）应付或处理

succession

n. a series or the act of following one after the other （前后相接的）一系列，一连串；连续successive

a. following each other closely 接连的，连续的，相继的

*foster

a. 收养孩子的；寄养的

vt. 收养；照料

scholarship

n. 1. 奖学金

2. 学识；学术成就

owe

vt. (to) 1. have sth. (usually sth. good) because of 把…归功于

2. have to pay, for sth. already done or given 欠

owing

a. (to) still to be paid 未付的，欠着的

vt. (often pass.) 1. provide (sb.) with a (strong) need, purpose or reason for doing sth. [常被动] 激发…的积极性

2. 使有动机

*surge

vi. move, esp. forward, in or like powerful waves （如浪潮般）汹涌；奔腾

n. （感情等的）洋溢或奔放

constitute

vt. 1. form or make up 形成；构成

2. formally establish or appoint 组建；选派

constitution

n. 1. the act of establishing, making, or setting up；constituting 制定；设立；组成

2. (often cap.) [常大写] 宪法；法规；章程

*constitutional

a. allowed or limited by a political constitution 宪法规定的；合乎宪法的

grind

n. (AmE, often derog.) a student who is always working （美）［常贬义］用功的学生，书呆子vt. 磨；磨碎

*stereotype

n. a fixed pattern which is believed to represent a type of person or event 固定形式，老套misplace

vt. 1. lose (sth.),usu. for only a limited time （暂时）丢弃

2. put in an unsuitable or wrong place 把…放错地方

refugee

n. sb. who has been forced to leave their country for political reason or during a war 难民；流亡者

*resent

vt. feel anger and dislike about sth. 对…表示愤恨

label

vt. 1. describe as belonging to a particular kind or class 把…称为；把…列为

2. 加标签于；用标签标明

n. 标签

minority

n. 1. a small part of a population which is different from others in race, religion, etc. 少数民族；少数派

2. the small number or part；less than half 少数

minor

a. 较少的，较小的

*discrimination

n. 1. the practice of unfairly treating sb. or sth. 区别对待；歧视

2. the ability to recognize the difference between two things 识别力；辨别力

reverse discrimination

the making of distinctions in favour of groups considered disadvantaged or underprivileged 逆向歧视，反其道而行之的歧视

*discriminate

v. 1. (against, in favor of) unfairly treat one person or group worse or better than others 有差别地对待

2. see or make a difference between things or people 区别，辨别，区分

contrast

n. (to, with) a strong difference between two people, objects or situations 对比；对照

v. examine (two things) in order to find or show differences 对比；对照

exclude

vt. keep out from a place or an activity 阻止…进入；把…排斥在外

exclusion

n. the act of excluding or fact of being excluded 拒绝；排斥

exclusive

a. (of) not taking into account；without；excluding 不算；不包括；把…排斥在外exclusively

ad. only；and nothing/no one else 排斥其他地；专有地；单独地

immigrant

n. a person who has come to live in a country from abroad 移民；侨民

prejudice

n. unfair and usually unfavorable feeling or opinion about a group—e.g.a nationality or race 歧视；偏见；成见

series

n. 1. (of) a set or group of things of the same kind or related in some way, coming one after another or in order 系列；连接

2. 丛书；广播（或电视）系列节目

fascinating

a. having great attraction or charm 吸引人的；迷人的

*fascinate

vt. (with) charm powerfully；be very interesting to 强烈地吸引；迷住

disturbing

a. causing worry or fright 令人不安的；令人烦恼的

disturb

vt. 1. break the peace or order of 扰乱；打扰

2. cause to become anxious or upset 使心神不安；使烦恼

*disturbance

n. 1. an act of disturbing or the state of being disturbed 打扰；扰乱

2. sth. that disturbs 造成干扰的事物

kindergarten

n. a school or class for young children, usu. between the ages of four and six 幼儿园

*counterpart

n. a person or thing that has the same purpose or does the same job as another in a different system 对应的人（或物）；对手（方)

battery

n. 1. (of) a set or number of things of the same kind occurring in rapid succession 一组；一系列2. 电池（组）

*converge

vi. (of two or more things) come together towards the same point （在一点上）会合；集中

the bottom line

the basic point 基本要点

imbue

v. (with)(usu. pass.) to fill with (sth., often a strong feeling or opinion) ［常被动］灌输（某种强烈的情感或意见）

*offspring

n. a child or children from particular parents 子女；后代

critical

a. 1. providing a careful judgment of the good and bad qualities of sth. 判断（或评价）审慎的

2. 批判的

3. 关键的

criticize (-cise)

v. 1. make judgments about the good or bad points of 评论

2. judge with disapproval；point out the faults of 批评；指责

criticism

n. unfavorable judgment or expression of disapproval 批评；指责

curriculum

n. the program of study offered in a school, college, etc. 课程，大纲

factor

n. any of the facts, conditions, influences, etc. that act with others to bring about a result 因素，要素

outstanding

a. 1. better than others, very good 杰出的；优秀的

2. easily seen, important 显要的；重要的

*heritage

n. a tradition, custom, or quality which is passed down over many years within a family, social group, or nation and which is thought of as belonging to all its members 继承物，遗产；传统philosophy

n. 哲学

sage

n. sb., esp. an old man or historical person, known for his wisdom and long experience 圣贤；哲人

primary

a. 1. chief, main 主要的

2. earliest in time or order of development 最初的

ingredient

n. 1. one of the essential parts of a situation 因素；要素

2. 成分

central

a. 1. chief, main, of greatest importance 主要的，最重要的

2. being (at, in, or near) the center （位居）中心的

*orientation

n. a direction or position 取向；方位；定位

*repay

vt. reward；pay back 偿还；回报

obligation

n. sth. that one must do out of a duty or promise 义务；责任

guilt

n. 1. the feelings produced by knowledge or belief that one has done wrong 内疚

2. the fact of having broken a moral rule or official law 罪（行）

bond

n. 1. sth. that unites two or more people, or groups, such as a shared feeling or interest 联结；联系

2. 公债，债券

3. 合约

crawl

vi. & n. 爬（行）

horrify

vt. shock greatly；fill with horror 吓；使感惊骇

unhealthy

a. 1. likely to cause illness or poor health 有碍健康的

2. not very strong or well, often ill 体弱多病的，不结实的，不健康的

*naivea. 1. too willing to believe or trust 轻信的

2. without experience (as of social rules or behaviour), esp. because one is young 幼稚的；天真的*transplant

vt. move sth. from one place and plant, settle or establish elsewhere 移植；移居recommendation

n. 1. suggestion, piece of advice 建议

2. 推荐信

vacation

n. (esp. AmE) holiday 假期；休假

vastly

ad. 1. very greatly 非常大地

2. 广阔地

vast

a. 1. very large and wide 广阔的；广大的

2. great in amount 大量的

positive

a. 1. (of people) sure, having no doubt about sth. 无疑问的；确定的

2. certain, beyond any doubt 肯定的

3. (of a statement) direct 正面的

span

n. 1. the length of time over which a stated thing continues or works well 持续时间

2. 跨度；跨距

attention span

a length of time over which one can concentrate 注意力的持续时间

Phrases and Expressions

make it (to) (a place)

succeed in getting (to) (a place) 成功抵达某地

owe to

have (sth. good) because of 把…归功于…

imbue with

(use. pass.) fill (sb), with (sth.), esp. a strong feeling or opinion [常被动] 向…灌输…

by contrast

very differently (from sth. previously mentioned)；on the other hand 对比之下

get ahead

be successful in one's career 获得成功；出头

have what it takes

(infml.) have the qualifications necessary for success 具备取得成功的必要条件

spring from

be a product or result of；originate from 发源于；来自

can't wait (for sth.)

be excited about and eager (for sth.) 迫不及待，等不及

第三单元

joint

a. shared, held or done by two or more people 共享的；共有的；共同做的

joint venture

n. 合资企业

conflict

n. 1. a state of serious disagreement or argument about sth. important 抵触；争论

2. war or battle; struggle 战争；战斗；冲突

vi. (with) 冲突；抵触

*multitude

n. a large number of 大批；大量

*escalate

v. make or become greater or more serious （使）逐步升级；（使）逐步加剧

emotional

a. 1. having or causing strong feelings （令人）情绪激动的

2. concerned with emotions and feelings 感情（上）的；情绪（上）的

party

n. a person or group of people involved in an argument, agreement, or other activity, esp. a legal matter （条约、诉讼、争论等中的）一方，当事人

exclaim

v. speak or say loudly and suddenly, because of surprise or other strong feelings （由于惊讶、痛苦、愤怒、高兴等而）叫嚷，叫喊

installation

n. 1. 安装；设置

2. 装置；设备

management

n. 1. the people who control and organize a business or other organization 管理层；管理部门2. 管理；经营

n. the set of things needed for a particular activity 设备；装备

qualified

a. having suitable knowledge or qualifications, esp. for a job 胜任的；合格的

qualify

v. (cause to) gain a certain level of knowledge, ability, or performance, or a qualification（使）取得资格

contract

n. a formal written agreement, having the force of law, between two or more people or groups 合同，契约

v. l. 订（约）；承包

2. 收缩，缩小

distrust

v. lack trust in; mistrust 不信任；怀疑

n. lack of trust; mistrust 不信任；怀疑

represent

vt. 1. act or speak officially for (another person or group of people) 代表

2. 象征；体现

naturally

ad. 1. in a manner to be expected, as a natural result 可预期地，自然地

2. according to the nature of sb. or sth. 天生地；天然地

nonassertive

a. not expressing or tending to express strong opinions or claims 谦虚的；不武断的

behavio(u)r

n. manner of acting 行为；举止

partner

n. a person who shares (in the same activity) 合伙人；合作者；伙伴

*expertise

n. special skill or knowledge in a particular field 专门知识（或技能、意见等），专长

*bachelor

n. an unmarried man 未婚男子；单身汉

*profitable

a. producing or resulting in profit or advantage 有利（可图）的，有赢利的；有益的

thrive

vi. develop well and be healthy, strong, or successful 繁荣；茁壮成长

properly

ad. 1. suitably, correctly, sensibly 适当地；正确地

2. really, actually, exactly 真正地

tatami

n. （日）榻榻米（指日本人铺在房内地板上的稻草垫）

mat

n. 1. a small piece of carpet or other thick material which is put on the floor for protection, decoration, or comfort 地席；席子

2. 垫子

a. 1. (to) clearly seen or understood 显然的，明明白白的

2. seeming; according to appearance 表面上的

*surpass

vt. exceed; go beyond in amount, quality, or degree 超过；超越

loyally

ad. faithfully 忠诚地，忠实地

loyal

a. faithful 忠诚的，忠实的

departure

n. 1. the act of leaving a place 离开；启程

2. turning away from what is planned or what is usually done 背离；违反

context

n. 1. the general conditions in which sth. takes place 背景；环境

2. what comes before and after a word or sentence which helps to fix the meaning 上下文horror

a. (of a story or film) intended to be very frightening （文学作品、电影等）意在引起恐怖的n. a strong feeling caused by sth. extremely unpleasant 恐惧；震惊

propose

vt. 1. suggest; put forward for consideration 建议；提出

2. (as, to be) put forward to be voted on 提名，推荐

approve

r. (of) agree (officially) to 同意，批准

accountant

n. 会计师

personnel

n. 1.the department in an organization that deals with employees, keeps their records, and helps with any problems they might have 人事部门

2. ［总称］职员

justify

vt. give a good reason for 证明…正当（或有理）

*justification

n. a good or proper reason for doing sth. 正当的理由；辩解的理由

payroll

n. a list of workers employed by a company and the amount of wages each person is to be paid 工资表；在职人员名单

sensible

a. 1. reasonable；having or showing good sense 合情合理的；明白事理的

2. (of) knowing；aware 知道的；意识到的

crazy

a. 1. (infml.) foolish or strange 愚蠢的；古怪的

2. (infml.) wildly excited; very keen or interested 着迷的；热衷的

accompany

vt. 1. go with, esp. on a journey 陪同；陪伴

2. (fml.) appear or exist at the same time or in the same place as 和…一起发生（存在）

ensure

vt. (esp. BrE) make (sth.) certain to happen 保证，担保

viewpoint

n. point of view；a particular way of considering or judging a situation, person, event, etc. 观点；看法

Phrases and Expressions

run into

unexpectedly begin to experience; meet by chance 意外遇到；偶然遇到

a multitude of/multitudes of

a very large number of 许多，众多

due to

because of; caused by 由于，因为

by name

with the name of 名叫

get into the habit of

develop a regular way of doing (sth.) 养成…的习惯

come to an end

(of sth. which goes on for a while) finish, stop 结束；终了

pick up

acquire without effort 获得；学会

be faced with

be confronted with 面临着（某种情况）

at times

sometimes; once in a while 有时；间或

keep sb. on the payroll

keep sb. employed 使某人留任

somehow or other

in one way or another 以某种方式

go along with

agree with; accept; support 同意；接受；支持

the other way around

in the opposite way 相反地；倒过来；以相反方式

thanks to

owing to, because of 幸亏；由于；因为

smooth over

make (problems or difficulties) seem less serious and easier to deal with 缓和；减轻

leave in sb.'s hands

give sb. the responsibility for dealing with sth. 把…交某人管理

第四单元

vote

vt. 1. choose (sb.) to have (a particular title); elect 推选

2. 投票选举（或制定、决定、赞成、支持、通过）

vi. (for, against, on) express one's choice officially at a meeting or in an election 投票；选举；表

决

n. 选举；投票；选票

*promising

a. likely to be very good or successful 有前途的；有希望的

promotion

n. 1. advancement in rank or position 提升，晋级

2. attempt to make a product or an event popular or successful, esp. by advertising 促销；宣传

*breakdown

n. 1. physical, mental, or nervous collapse 崩溃；衰竭

2. （关系、计划或讨论等的）中断

nervous breakdown

an unnatural condition of deep worrying, anxiety, weeping or tiredness 精神崩溃

rejection

n. the act of rejecting or being rejected （遭到）拒绝；摒弃

reaction

n. response or change caused by the action of another 反应；感应

extreme

a. 1. greatest possible; of the highest degree 极端的；极度的；最大的

2. furthest possible; at the very beginning or end 末端的；尽头的

n. 极端；极度（状态）

emphasis

n. (on, upon) special force or attention given to sth. to show that it is particularly important 强调；重点；重要性

beneficial

a. producing favourable effects or useful results 有益的；有帮助的

editor

n. 1. a person who checks and corrects texts before they are published 校订者；（文字）编辑2. 编辑；主编

editorial

a. of or done by an editor 编辑的，编者的

edit

v. 1. prepare for printing, broadcasting, etc., by deciding what shall be included or left out, putting right mistakes, etc. （为出版、广播等而）编辑，编选；剪辑

2. be the editor of 主编；充任（报纸等的）编辑

edition

n. a particular version of a book, magazine, or newspaper that is printed at one time 版本

*prone

a. (to) habitually likely to do sth. (usu. undesirable) 有…倾向的，易于…的

apply

vt. (to) bring or put into use or operation 应用；实施

vi. (to, for) request sth., esp. officially and in writing （尤指以书面形式）申请；请求complex

a. 1. difficult to understand, explain, or deal with; not clear or simple 错综复杂的

2. （词或句子）复合的，复杂的

n. a system consisting of a large number of closely related parts 综合体；复合体；群落

*preclude

vt. (fml.) (from) make impossible; prevent 妨碍，阻止；排除；防止

practically

ad. 1. (infml.) very nearly; almost 几乎，差不多

2. in a practical way 实际上；从实际角度

*prestige

n. general respect or admiration felt in men's mind for sb. or sth. by reason of having, or being connected with, rank, proved high quality 声望；威望；威信

flop

n. (infml.) a failure 失败（者）

vi. move or fall heavily or awkwardly 笨重地行动；沉重地落下

*destructive

a. causing or be capable of causing great damage, harm or injury 破坏（性）的

acute

a. 1. severe, strong, deep 剧烈的，激烈的；深切的

2. (of the mind or the senses) able to notice small differences; working very well; sharp（思想或感官）敏锐的；灵敏的；尖锐的

3. 尖的，锐的；成锐角的

loaf

vi. (infml.) stand or wait in a place without doing anything interesting or useful 游荡，闲逛

n. bread, usu. fairly large, in a shape that can be cut into slices （一个）面包

*glamo(u)rous

a. having the quality of being more attractive, exciting, or interesting than ordinary people or things 富有魅力的；令人向往的

*glamo(u)r

n. the exciting and charming quality of sth. unusual or special, with a magical power of attraction 魅力；迷人的力量

peak

vi. reach the highest value, level, point, etc. 达到顶峰；达到最大值

n. （山）峰；顶峰；尖顶

downhill

a. & ad. 1. (becoming) worse or less successful 走下坡路的（地）

2. (going) towards the bottom of a hill 向坡下（的）：向下（的）

damage

n. harm; loss 损害；损失

vt. cause damage to 损害；损坏；毁坏

distinguish

vt. 1. (～oneself) behave or perform noticeably well 使出众

2. recognize 辨别；区分

probable

a. likely 很可能发生的

*obsess

vt. (usu. pass.) completely fill the mind of (sb.) so that no attention is given to other matters [常被动]使着迷

grade-point average, GPA

（美）（学生各科成绩的）平均积分点

shield

vt. (from) protect or hide from harm or danger 保护；庇护

n. 盾，盾牌

hastily

ad. too quickly 匆忙地；草率地；性急地

haste

n. quick movement or action 急忙，匆忙

device

n. 1. a method of achieving sth. 策略；手段

2. an object that has been invented for a particular purpose 装置；设备

unequipped

a. not equipped with the necessities 未配备所需物品的；无准备的

honor roll

（美）光荣榜（指优秀学生名单、当地服兵役公民名单等）

consolation

n. comfort during a time of sadness or disappointment 安慰；慰问

consolation prize

a prize given to sb. who has not won the competition 安慰奖

alike

ad. in (almost) the same way; equally 同样地；相似地；以同样程度

a. similar in appearance, quality, character, etc. 想像的，同样的

*impulse

n. 1. a sudden desire to do sth. （一时的）冲动

2. 冲力；脉冲；神经冲动

inquire, enquire

v. ask For information 询问；查问

inquiry, enquiry

n. (into, about) an act of inquiring 询问；查问

afford

vt. 1. be able to buy 买得起

2. be able to do, spend, give, bear, etc., without serious loss or damage 担负得起（损失、费用、后果等）

repetition

n. the act of repeating, or sth. repeated 重复；反复

ill-chosen

a. not well chosen 选择不恰当的

ill

ad. 1. not well. not enough 不恰当地；拙劣地

2. unfavourably; badly, unpleasantly or cruelly 不利地；恶劣地；冷酷无情地

3. hardly 几乎不；困难地

prompt

vt. cause or urge; encourage or help sb. to continue 促使；推动；激励

a. done without any delay; not late 迅速的；及时的

*ballet

n. 芭蕾舞（剧）

*stock

n. 1. a supply(of sth.)for use 库存物；储备物

2. the thick part of a tree trunk 树桩；树干

v. (up) keep supplies of; store 备货；储备

courageously

ad. bravely; in a way showing courage 英勇地，无畏地

toe

n. 脚趾；足尖

toe shoe

芭蕾舞鞋

therapy

n. the treatment of mental or physical illness （心理或生理）疗法，治疗

heroism

n. the quality of being a hero; great courage 大无畏精神；英勇

horsemanship

n. the practice or skill of horse-riding 马术；骑术

*haunt

vt. (often pass.) be always in the thoughts of (sb.); visit regularly [常被动]（思想、回忆等）萦绕；缠扰；常去

terror

n. (sb. or sth. that causes) extreme fear 恐怖；引起恐怖的人（或物）

tumble

vi. (down) fall suddenly or helplessly; collapse 摔下；跌倒；倒塌，坍塌

whither

conj. & ad. (archaic) (to) where 〈古体〉（无论）去哪里

bound

a. 1. (for, to) going to or intending to go to 准备到…去的

2. very likely; certain 一定的；注定的

Phrases and Expressions

place/lay/put emphasis on/upon

give sth. special force or attention to show that it is particularly important 强调；把重点放在，着重于

in the long run

after enough time; in the end 从长远观点来看；终究

a world of

a lot of 大量的，无数的

be brilliant/best at sth.

having or showing great skill at sth. 在某一方面极为出色

at the cost of

以…为代价

branch out

(into) add to the range of one's interests or activities 扩大（兴趣、活动、业务等的）范围count on/upon

expect; depend on 指望；料想；依靠

turn down

refuse (a request or offer or the person that makes it); reject 拒绝（某人或其请求、忠告等）take stock

consider a situation carefully so as to take a decision 作出判断，进行评估