英语写作基础知识培训教程
英语写作基础教程
A Basic Course in Writing
主讲: Priscillapan
教学大纲
一. 教学对象
本课程的教学对象是高等专科英语专业的
学生或具有同等水平的自学者._
二. 教学目的与要求通过本课程的教学, 使学生初步掌握英语写作技能, 学会用英文写叙述,说明性的短文和一般性应用文. (1) 用英文写叙述,说明性的短文: 要求学生能根据命题列出作文
提纲,在1小时内写出不少于200词的短文, 内容切题,完整,条理清楚,语句连贯通顺, 语法基本正确.
(2) 用英文写一般性的应用文: 要求学生能根据提示写出知,贺卡,便条,申请书,邀请函,简历, 格式正确, 语言得体._
三. 教学安排
本课程3个学分, 在一个学期内开设, 每周3学时,共计54学时._ 四. 教学内容
本课程主要教学内容如下:
(1) 文稿格式;
(2) 句子结构;
(3) 构段方式;
(4) 谋篇布局;
(5) 摘要;
(6) 应用文._
五. 教学原则
(1) 在教学过程中, 要充分考虑成人学习的特点和本课程的特点, 注重对学生遣词造句这两种能力的培养; (2) 在教学过程中, 教师应以指导学生自学为主, 以电视教学和课
堂教学为辅, 采用多种教学手段对学生进行写作训练._
六. 测试_
实行全国统一的闭卷考试.考试采用百分制,60分及格.
实施方案
一,课时安排
____"英语写作基础"课内总学时为54小时,
课外练习时数为54小时.
二,具体学习安排_
__ (一)基本技能的学习:6课时,要求掌握标点符号的用法.
__ (二)句子的写作:9课时,要求掌握句子统一性,连贯性,重点突出的写作技巧.
__ (三)段落的写作:6
课时,要求掌握段落统一性的写作,学会主题句和扩展句的运用. __ (四)一般性文章和应用文的写作:30课时,要求掌握基本应用文的写作,这是本课程的重点部分(具体内容附后).
__ (五)期末复习:3课时,全面复习本学习的
教学内容,模拟考试. 三,教学意见_
___ 1) 作文课应该以教师讲解,学生练习为主.
___ 2) 授课重点应该放在写作技能技巧的训练上,理论知识可以适当少讲.
___ 3) 有条件的分校可以充分利用网上资
源和现代技术设备,利用互联网上的英语写作网站扩大学生的阅读两;利用视频展示台把学生所写的优秀文章向全班批改,也可以讲普遍性的问题;等等. 考试题型
一,考试题型与要求
___ 本课程的考试依据教学大纲的要求,重
点考查应用文写作和一般文体的写作.考试为闭卷考试,总分为100分.
_____ 1.应用文写作___ 根据提示写一个不少于50词的通知和一个不少于100词的便条,要求语言通顺,用词得体,格式正确.满分为30分;
_____ 2.命题作文
___ 根据所给题目及写作提纲或规定场景等,写一篇不少于200词的作文,要求符合文章类型特点,内容切题,语言通顺.满分为70分. 二,考试模拟试题
一,Write a notice into the box according to the
following facts:(10分)
____乒乓球赛
___ 地点: 1号球室: ___ 北京商业学校对北京语言文化大学
___ 时间:5月8日用六下午五时
二,Write a note based on the given facts:(20分) :
____ 时间:6月9月
____ 对象:Prof. Stone_
____ 内容:对不起,不能赴3点的约会.我的论文由,于被朋友锁上了,不能带来.我不知他何时返回.如果方便,我能在明日下午五时在系办公室见您吗若不行,请明早特便条放在
我的信箱里,信箱号606.谢谢._
____ 留言者:吴敏三,Write an essay of no fewer than 200words:(70分) : ________ Title:_ Qualification of a Good University Student
________ Aids:
________ First Paragraph:_Your point of view of being a good university student ________ Second Paragraph: What makes a good university student (with some examples)
________ Third Paragraph:_Conclus ion
平时作业
英语写作基础平时作业(大作业)共四次,主要检查同学们对英语应用文写作的掌握情况.__
1)完成P125页Exercise 1 (Notice
Writing)
2)完成P126页Exercise 3 (Note Writing)
3)完成P126页Exercise 4 (Letters Writing)
4)完成P126页Exercise 5 (resumes Writing)___
另外,任课教师可以根
据教学内容,适当补充写作练习.
General Remarks on Writing
_Writing _makes an exact man.
_Great use and popularity
_Needing Much Knowledge
_Useful for Reading
and Spoken
_Great Difficulties as well
Targets of this Course
At the end of this course, you should be able:
_to use the punctuation marks correctly;
1月全国自考英语写作基础试题及答案解析
全国2018年1月高等教育自学考试 英语写作基础试题 课程代码：00597 I. Correct the errors in the following sentences.(改写病句)10% Example: After seeing an offensive mouthwash ad on television .I resolved never to buy that brand again. After seeing an offensive mouthwash ad on television, I resolved never to buy that brand again. 1.Those berries are poisonous don’t eat them. 2.Our city’s buildings are not as modern as your city. 3.To get ready for the trip, all the things she needed were put into a suitcase. 4.He told me that Mary had returned home for a week. 5.I read the book on the bus which did not interest me at all. II. Read the following passages and identify the topic sentence in each by underlining it.(阅读以下每段文章，然后在每段文章的主题句下划线。)20% 1. The biggest problem in ancient DNA reserch is getting the DNA in the first place. The favorite material to work with is bone, and a small chunk of it is best. Cells can lie inside the hard bone structure waiting to be liberated after the calcium has been dissolved away. That’s the easy bit. Getting the DNA out, what little of it that remains is horrendously difficult and many teams have succumbed to pitfalls in the past. The rule is that it has to be done in a clean room better than used to assemble spacecraft to go into deep space, and it has to be done away from any other source of potentially contaminating DNA. 2. Names usually have origins, especially for Indians. Indians with distinctive physical characteristics, might be given names such as Big Foot or Crooked Leg. If there had been a big storm on the day of a baby’s birth, the baby might have been named Thundercloud. Grey Eagle, Red-Dog, Big Bear, and Spotted Wolf are examples of Indian names after animals. 3. Many TV commercials imply that a woman’s self-esteem depends on her cleaning ability. In one commercial, we see a woman terribly upset because her guests find spots on her glassware. Countless other commercials blur out the message that a woman will pass muster as a person if her kitchen floor gleams and her toilet bowl is blue. This idiocy must work, because the images of women scrubbing, moping, waxing and smiling keep on coming over the air. 4. As human beings, we are constantly in the stage of change. Our bodies change everyday. Our attitudes are constantly evolving. Something we swore by five years ago is now almost impossible for us to imagine ourselves believing The clothes we wore a few years ago now look strange to us in old photographs. Everything is changing. This is a prediction I can make with absolute certainty. 1
英语写作基础训练
写作基础训练 Ⅰ) 五大句型 根据谓语动词的不同性质，语言学家总结出英语的五大基本句型。无论多么错综复杂的句子，都是在五大句型的基础上扩展而成的。总体上，句子必须包含至少一个主谓结构。有了这种认识，就可以避免写出残缺句。 使用动词时应考虑以下几个方面： ●及物还是不及物？ ●短暂性还是持续性？ ●描述动作还是状态？ ●一次性动作还是习惯性动作？ ●助动词还是习动词。 1.主+谓(+状) SV(A) The sun rises in the east. Everything is going on well. We set off in the early morning. 2.主+系+表SVC He is an expert in computers. They remain silent. Leaves turn yellow in autumn. 3.主+谓+宾SVO I like sports. Mary has finished her work. My father will meet one of my uncles at the airport. 4.主+谓+双宾SV oO Pass me the salt, please. (= pass the salt to me, please.) Would you buy him a gift? (= would you buy a gift for him?) The teacher asked me a question. (= the teacher asked a question of me.) 5.主+谓+宾+宾补SVOC The young couple watched their baby play on the grassland. Carl Marx made London the base for his revolutionary work. I found it hard to keep up with them. Exercise1. SV A 1.他期盼的那封信最终来了。 2.生活费用上涨了百分之二十。 3.那座寺庙坐落在山顶上。 4.谢谢你，我自己应付得了。 5.作为艺术家，他的成功开始了。 6.时不我待。 7.鸟可以随时飞翔。 8.听了他的话，在场的人都笑了。 9.他们停下来休息， 10.车子突然抛锚了。 Exercise2. SVC 11.天气变得越来越暖和了。 12.他的梦想会成真吗？ 13.船到桥头自然直。 14.这个主意听起来很有道理。 15.做一名知名作家让人感觉不错。 16.我感到有些紧张。 17.女士们希望永葆青春。 18.孩子们很容易地入睡了。 19.腐败的食物对健康不利。 20.你妹妹看上去病了。 Exercise3. SVO 21.你打算到哪儿去度假？ 22.我对这件事全然不知。 23.失败后他从不泄气。 24.你最后一次见到它是什么时候？ 25.你应当为他人树立榜样。 26.晚会上我们玩得很开心。 27.教室需要打扫。 28.结果令我失望。 29.有钱人应帮助穷人。 30.妇女可以把任何事做得与男人一样好。Exercise4. SV oO 31.他送给我一本书作为生日礼物。 32.我可以把我的朋友介绍给你的父母吗？ 33.老师耐心地向我们解释了原因。 34.你给我买了什么东西没有？ 35.她为全家人做一日三餐。 36.小时候爸爸经常给我讲故事。 37.借给我五元钱，好吗？ 38.我侄子每两个月给我写封信 39.经理已经为客人订了房间。 40.我可以请你帮忙吗？ Exercise5. SVOC 41.同学们选他当班长。
英语写作基础网上计分作业答案
A: All the young children were _________ over the outing. A. excited B. exciting A : What is the least dangerous kind of robbery? B : ________ robbery. A. Safe B. Safety C. Saving All the people were _________ to hear that the pirates attacked our merchant ships. A. astonished B. astonishing All the fruits must before they are paid for. A. weight B. be weighed C. weigh D. be in weight A : What are we all doing at the same time? B : We are all growing __________. A. old B. elder C. elderly B: Be careful __________ you cross the street. A. how B. for C. to D. with C: D: Do you wish me ___________? A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed Didn’t I ask you ________ in your homework this week? A. hand B. handed C. handing D. to hand E: Everyone longs ________ the summer holiday. A. till B. toward C. towards D. for Everybody was _______ at the news of a sudden outbreak of polio in the community. A. alarmed B. alarming F: G: Great changes _______ in our institute in the last few years.
网络信息安全基础知识培训
网络信息安全基础知识培训 主要内容 网络信息安全知识包括哪些内容 培养良好的上网习惯 如何防范电脑病毒 如何安装杀毒软件 如何防范邮件病毒 如何防止QQ密码被盗 如何清除浏览器中的不明网址 各单位二级站点的安全管理 如何提高操作系统的安全性 基本网络故障排查 网络信息安全知识 包括哪些基本内容 (一)网络安全概述 (二)网络安全协议基础 (三)网络安全编程基础 (四)网络扫描与网络监听 (五)网络入侵 (六)密码学与信息加密 (七)防火墙与入侵检测 (八)网络安全方案设计 (九)安全审计与日志分析 培养良好的上网习惯 １、安装杀毒软件 ２、要对安装的杀毒软件进行定期的升级和查杀 ３、及时安装系统补丁 ４、最好下网并关机 ５、尽量少使用BT下载，同时下载项目不要太多 ６、不要频繁下载安装免费的新软件 ７、玩游戏时，不要使用外挂
８、不要使用黑客软件 ９、一旦出现了网络故障，首先从自身查起，扫描本机 如何防范电脑病毒 （一）杜绝传染渠道 病毒的传染主要的两种方式：一是网络，二是软盘与光盘 建议： 1、不使用盗版或来历不明的软件，建议不要使用盗版的杀毒软件 2、写保护所有系统盘，绝不把用户数据写到系统盘上 3、安装真正有效的防毒软件，并经常进行升级 4、对外来程序要使用尽可能多的查毒软件进行检查（包括从硬盘、软盘、局域网、Internet、Email中获得的程序），未经检查的可执行文件不能拷入硬盘，更不能使用 5、尽量不要使用软盘启动计算机 6、一定要将硬盘引导区和主引导扇区备份下来并经常对重要数据进行备份，防患于未然 7、随时注意计算机的各种异常现象 8、对于软盘、光盘传染的病毒，预防的方法就是不要随便打开程序或安装软件、可以先复制到硬盘上，接着用杀毒软件检查一遍，再执行安装或打开命令 9、在使用聊天工具（如QQ、MSN）时，对于一些来历不明的连接不要随意点击；来历不明的文件不要轻易接收 （二）平时的积极预防，定期的查毒，杀毒 （三）发现病毒之后的解决办法 1、在解毒之前，要先备份重要的数据文件 2、启动反病毒软件，并对整个硬盘进行扫描 3、发现病毒后，我们一般应利用反病毒软件清除文件中的病毒，如果可执行文件中的病毒不能被清除，一般应将其删除，然后重新安装相应的应用程序 4、某些病毒在Windows状态下无法完全清除，此时我们应采用事先准备的干净的系统引导盘引导系统，然后在DOS下运行相关杀毒软件进行清除 备注：可以随时随地防护任何病毒反病毒软件是不存在的、随着各种新病毒的不断出现，反病毒软件必须快速升级才能达到杀除病毒的目的、具体来说，我们在对抗病毒时需要的是一种安全策略和一个完善的反病
高考英语作文写作基础描述性写作
高考英语写作……描述性写作 一. 教学内容： 描述性写作 二. 重点、难点： I. 特点及常用结构 1. 描述性文章是把人物、事件、景观、地点、环境等用生动的语言，形象地描绘出来。 2. 描述性文章的结构 （1）人物： 开头应有简明的介绍 文章的主体部分可按时间或事件的主次进行描述 结尾进行评论或谈感受 （2）地点： 要学会准确地表示方位的词或短语 描述地点的位置通常由上至下，从里到外，从左至右，从远到近。 总之，无论是描述人物，还是地点、环境，都要详略得当，重点突出。 3. 学习并牢记下面的短语和句型 表空间顺序 in front of, in the front of, at the back of, on the right （left）side close to , next to, opposite, across, inside, outside in （to）the south / east / west / north on one side …, on the other side（of） 常用短语和句型： 方位 1. There is a tall shelf on the left of my room. （on the right of, in the front of, near the window, ） 2. Above the bed, there is a large painting of the blue sea. （On the right of the room,） 3. Next to it is a bed. （In front of it, At the back of, In the middle of, To the right of ） 4. They are opposite the door. （on the left / right of the room.） 5. The office building is in the east of the campus. （in the south of, to the west of, in front of, behind, at the back of, ） 6. The monument, which was built in 1894, stands in the center of the square. 描述国家，城市等 7. China is located in Asia. （be situated…be surrounded by, lie to the east of ） 8. It covers a huge area of 9,600 000 square kilometers. 9. The population of this city is 100,000. 路线 10. When you come out of …（get to …reach…） 11. Cross the street（river）（keep walking along…walk down…） 12. Turn right at the end of Bridge Street into Riverside Road. （the second traffic lights, the first crossing, ）
英语基本句型写作练习(附答案)
英语基本句型写作练习一 分析下列句子成分并写出句型。 1. You should study hard. 2. She went home very late yesterday evening. 3. That morning we talked a great deal. 4. I wrote a letter last night. 5. I want to talk with you this afternoon. 6. He has read this book many times. 7. My brothers are all college students. 8. Mrs Brown looks very healthy. 9. Mr Johnson taught us German last year. 10. In winter, the days are short and the nights are long. 11. Grandma told me an interesting story last night. 12. Mary handed the wallet to the schoolmaster. 13. Would you please pass me the dictionary? 14. We call her Alice. 15. His parents named him John. 16. All of us considered him honest. 17．They pushed the door open.
18. There isn’t going to be a meeting tonight. 19. There was only a well in the village. 20. There is (are) a teacher of music and a teacher of art in the school.指出下列句子加粗部分是什么句子成分： 1. The students got on the school bus. 2. He handed me the newspaper. 3. I shall answer your question after class. 4. What a beautiful Chinese painting! 5. They went hunting together early in the morning. 6. His job is to train swimmers. 7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. 8. There is going to be an American film tonight. 9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow. 10. His wish is to become a scientist. 11. The meeting will last two hours. 12. They have carried out the plan successfully. 13. At the age of fifteen he became a famous pianist. 14. He showed the ticket to the conductor. 15．They have set the thief free.
英语写作基础答案
第一部分英语写作基础(答案) 第一章句子写作 1.1 句子的种类 I. 1) Is there any water in the bottle? 2) Can she sing and dance very well? 3) Has he a brother in England? Or: Does he have a brother in England? 4) Does it often rain here in summer? 5) Did you always play together at that time? 6) Who is he? 7) How many times have you been to Beijing? 8) Where do they live? 9) What does your father like very much? 10) Why did he go to school yesterday? II. 1)“Shall we go by bus or by train?”“Better go by train.” 2)“Are we going to have the meeting today or tomorrow?”“Tomorrow.” 3)“You are not ready, are you？”“No, I am not.” 4)We can’t take these books out, can we?”“No, we can’t” 5)Take care not to catch cold. 6)Speak a little slower. I can’t follow you. 7)Let’s not waste our time arguing about it. 8)How pretty you are in that skirt! 9)What a beautiful city Hangzhou is! 10)How I miss my parents! III. 1)She has not had her lunch. 2)I was too excited to say a ward. 3)None of the problems is difficult. 4)You can find this kind of mobile phone somewhere. 5)He opened the door and we all went in. 6)Put on your coat, or you will catch cold. 7)It was late, so we went home. 8)He doesn’t earn much, but he spends money freely. 9)Turn off the light before you leave the room. 10)I hope that you will enjoy your stay here. 1.2句子的基本句型 I． 1）SVC 2) SV 3)SVC 4) SVOC 5. SVOA 6) SVO 7) SVOC 8) SVOiOd 9) SVOC 10) SVA II. 1)My ink has run out. (SV)
网络基础知识培训资料
网络基础知识 .什么是局域网： 局部区域网络( )通常简称为"局域网",缩写为。局域网是结构复杂程度最低的计算机网络。局域网仅是在同一地点上经网络连在一起的一组计算机。局域网通常挨得很近，它是目前应用最广泛的一类网络。通常将具有如下特征的网称为局域网。 ）网络所覆盖的地理范围比较小。通常不超过几十公里，甚至只在一幢建筑或一个房间内。 ）信息的传输速率比较高,其范围自到,近来已达到。而广域网运行时的传输率一般为、或者、。专用线路也只能达到。 ）网络的经营权和管理权属于某个单位。 .什么是广域网： 广域网( , )它是影响广泛的复杂网络系统。 由两个以上的构成，这些间的连接可以穿越*以上的距离。大型的可以由各大洲的许多和组成。最广为人知的就是，它由全球成千上万的和组成。 有时、和间的边界非常不明显，很难确定在何处终止、或在何处开始。但是可以通过四种网络特性通信介质、协议、拓扑以及私有网和公共网间的边界点来确定网络的类型。通信介质是指用来连接计算机和网络的电缆、光纤电缆、无线电波或微波。通常结束在通信介质改变的地方，如从基于电线的电缆转变为光纤。电线电缆的通常通过光纤电缆与其他的连接。 .什么是网桥： 网桥这种设备看上去有点像中继器。它具有单个的输入端口和输出端口。它与中继器的不同之处就在于它能够解析它收发的数据。网桥属于模型的数据链路层；数据链路层能够进行流控制、纠错处理以及地址分配。网桥能够解析它所接受的帧，并能指导如何把数据传送到目的地。特别是它能够读取目标地址信息（），并决定是否向网络的其他段转发（重发）数据包，而且，如果数据包的目标地址与源地址位于同一段，就可以把它过滤掉。当节点通过网桥传输数据时，网桥就会根据已知的地址和它们在网络中的位置建立过滤数据库（也就是人们熟知的转发表）。网桥利用过滤数据库来决定是转发数据包还是把它过滤掉. .什么是网关： 网关不能完全归为一种网络硬件。用概括性的术语来讲，它们应该是能够连接不同网络的软件和硬件的结合产品。特别地，它们可以使用不同的格式、通信协议或结构连接起两个系统。和本章前面讨论的不一样，网关实际上通过重新封装信息以使它们能被另一个系统读取。为了完成这项任务，网关必须能运行在模型的几个层上。网关必须同应用通信，建立和管理会话，传输已经编码的数据，并解析逻辑和物理地址数据。
高考英语写作基础知识：强调句型
高考英语写作基础知识：强调句型 导读：强调句型要掌握三点： 1.基本句型：It is/was+被强调的部分+that(强调人可以用who)+其余部分; 2.对于谓语动词的强调只需在谓语动词前加助动词 (do,does,did)即可; 3.强调句型升级版：It is/was+被强调的部分+定语从句+ that(强调人可以用who)+其余部分。(这里需要保证被强调的.对象为名词或者名词性成分) 试看下列例句： (1) It was our timely efforts that helped him out of hardships. Eventually he was saved. 【帮助他人】 (2) It was for the first time that I had felt so close to my parents. 【和家长的关系】 (3) When I suddenly fell ill, it was you who carried me on your back to a nearby hospital. 【毕业留言】 (4) It was in the small house which was built with stones by his father that he spent his childhood. 【童年生活】【单句训练】 (1) 事实上，正是她的勤奋推动我一起努力。【发掘他人优点】 As a matter of fact/In reality, it was her
diligence/perspiration that motivated me to work together. (2) 正是她让我知道我们是否能实现愿望不在于我们有多聪明，而在于我们有多渴望和我们能坚持多久。【发掘他人优点】It was her who let me know that whether we could achieve our goal didn’t lie in how clever we were but how much we desired and how long we could insist on. (3) 正是这次探访让我意识到帮助别人不应该是空谈。【一次社会实践】 It was the visit that made me realize that helping others should by no means be an empty talk. (4) 正是Sarah理智的行为阻止她受到伤害，否则(这伤害)会变成宿舍矛盾。【与人相处】 It was Sarah’s rational conduct that prevented her from being harmed, which might otherwise turn into a dorm conflict. (5) 正是这些挣扎和艰辛提高了我们的意志力。【生活的感受】 It is these struggles and hardships that promote our willpower. (6) 正是她脑海中一个目标使她能够有所突破。【目标】 It was a goal in her mind that enabled her to make the breakthrough. (7) 俗话说，细节决定成败。
英语写作基础考试试题(1)
全国2003年10月高等教育自学考试 英语写作基础试题 课程代码：00597 全部题目用英文作答。 I.重写句子(15 points,1.5points each) Revise the following sentences according to the requirement. Example: The history of English words in the history of our civilization in many ways.(periodic sentence) In many ways, the history of English words is the history of our civilization. 1.I like roller-skating. I like ice-skating better.(compound sentence) 2.If you sit by the window facing the sun on a sunny winter day, you may feel nice and warm.(loose sentence) 3.Mary put the steak on the grill. The charcoal was burning evenly.(complex sentence) 4.His valuable papers were destroyed in the fire. Tom called the insurance company.(complex sentence) 5.I asked my friend if we should tip the driver when the bus tour ended.(periodic sentence) 6.Your uncle married my aunt. He is rich. She is poor.(simple sentence) 7.Jerry is smart. He should be able to handle eighteen credits this semester.(compound sentence) 8.I returned to school following a long illness. The math teacher gave me make-up work to do, but the history teacher made me drop her course.(compound-complex sentence) 9.Jack applied for a job. He went for an interview. He was hired.(parallel structure) 10.Meet me in the courtyard for dessert when you finish doing the dishes.(periodic sentence) II.改写病句(15 points,3 points each) Correct the errors in the following sentences. 11.The rain might last for a while, clouds covered the entire sky. 12.In the evening we would swim in the lake and dancing afterward. 13.That woman just bought her dog a milk shake in a red skirt. 14.To pass the course, your term paper must be handed in on time. 15.Harry wouldn’t make a good negotiator he doesn’t have the patience. III.标出主题句(15 points,5 points each) 16.Choose the best topic sentence from the group below. Write the choice in the blank. A.I eat a lot of homemade ice cream. B. Homemade ice cream is my favorite.
2017高考英语作文写作基础—话题写作练习doc
高考英语写作……话题写作练习 一. 教学内容： 话题写作练习 A 人物介绍 参考篇目：Unit 1. Hawking. Einstein 注意：1. 表格变为段落 2．按时间顺序 3．根据逻辑关系加上连接词 常用短语和词汇： be born when he/she was ……years old /at the age of later begin to graduate from spend time doing discover 评价：be considered to be / be regarded as be rewarded…… contribute devoted oneself to sth. 根据以下素材写一篇介绍爱因斯坦的短文 Date of birth: March 14th, 1879 Place of birth: Germany Childhood: curious, slowing in learning Education background: 1886 : study in Munich, mathematics, religion 1896 : graduated from high school 1900 : become a maths teacher 1905 : receive a doctor’s degree Achievement: develop the Theory of Relativity by 1915 prove light is bent when passing the sun won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1922 Evaluation: one of the greatest scientists in the 20th century Albert Einstein Albert Einstein was born on March 14th,1879 in Germany. When he was a child,he was curious about everything, but he was considered to be slow at learning. In 1886, he began to study in Munich. He studied mathematics as well as religion. In 1896,Einstein graduated from high school at the age of 17. Four years later, Einstein became a maths teacher. In 1905, he received a doctor’s degree. By the year 1915, he had developed the famous Theory of Relativity and became famous in the world. He proved that light is bent as it passes the sun. Because of his great achievement, he won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1922. Einstein was one of the greatest scientists in the 20th century. Some people say that he was a genius. But I think the main reason why he was so successful was his hard work . B. 说明文
2018年自学考试《英语写作基础》试题及答案
2018年自学考试《英语写作基础》试题及答案 Ⅰ.Supply the missing paragraph (20 points) The following passage is incomplete with one body paragraph missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph of about 100 words. Make sure that the tone and vocabulary you use are in unity with the passage provided. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Living in the City Like many other city dwellers, I often complain about having to cope with the problems related with city life. I sometimes fancy getting closer to nature and appreciating its beauty fully in the country. Once a friend asked me, “Do you really hate life in the city that much? If you had a choice, would you move away to the country?”I compelled myself to think about city life more seriously. Now I have to do justice to it. Admittedly, the attractions of city life still appeal to me strongly despite its drawbacks. In general, city life is relatively convenient and comfortable. The supply of water and electricity is continuous. Whenever one wants, all he has to do is just turning on a faucet or pressing a button. There is also a variety of vehicles for transportation, form buses and cars to trains and planes, that help people move about efficiently. Shopping centers are seen and there in cities. Thanks to the amazing diversity of commodities, going shopping is often interesting and enjoyable for city dwellers. Besides the
学习课程： e-Learning基础知识
e-Learning基本知识（2008） 一、e-Learning概念及定义 E-learning又称电子化学习，是指通过计算机、网络等数字化方法进行学习与教学的活动，它充分利用IT技术所提供的、具有全新沟通机制与丰富资源的学习环境，实现一种新的学习方式。 （1）广义地讲，E-learning指电子化、数字化或互联网化学习。 （2）狭义地讲，E-learning指互联网化学习，因为互联网对人们工作和生活的影响越来越巨大，特别是在学习方面，日益成为一种主流的学习方式。 （3）从企业角度讲，E-learning是一种学习与绩效提升的解决方案，它通过网络等技术实现学习的全过程管理（设计、实施、评估等），使学习者获得知识、提高技能、改变观念、提升绩效，最终使企业提升竞争力。] 综上，E-learning是由网络电子技术支撑或主导实施的教学内容和学习，它是网络与信息科技（指学习管理系统-learning management system）、教学内容和学习技术的完美结合。包括因特网在线学习和内部网在线学习两种基本方式。 二、e-learning的历史及发展趋势 1、在E-learning已经得到了重视和较为广泛的运用： （1）在E-learning的发源地美国，自从1999年，在美国加州的online Learning大会上第一次提出这个概念以来，在全球范围内电子化学习的应用一直保持了一个很高的增长速度； （2）美国92%的大型企业已经或开始采用在线学习，其中60%的企业已经将e-Learning 作为企业实施培训的主要辅助工具。 （3）截止到2004年，全球20%的企业运用了在线学习模式； （4）据IDC(互联网数据中心)的估计，E-learning将达到占企业总训练量的40%，而传统的教室训练将下降至60%； （5）据ASTD（美国培训与发展协会）预测，到2010年，雇员人数超过500人的公司中90%都将采用E-learning进行培训。 2、在中国，E-leaning经历了一个逐渐被接受的过程： （1）从1999年已经有人开始研究E-learning的企业应用； （2）2001年国外在线学习公司开始进入中国 （3）2002年开始，很多中国大型的金融、通讯企业开始采用在线学习，如工行、太保、中移动、中国电信等企业。但由于发展阶段和需求的不同，国外的系统在中国无法大规模地推广和有效使用，市场呼唤国内的专业化企业能够开发出有效的系统和内容以满足市场不断增长的需求。 （4）04、05年在线学习以各种方式在中小企业开始运用2004年以来，中国企业E-learning 在加速发展之中，企业的HR部门逐渐看到了应用E-learning能为企业带来的优势，不但节省经费、时间、人力，而且使企业内部知识得到快速的更新，成为企业竞争力提升必不可少的一部分。另外，市场上也出现了一些能够提供很好内容和服务的供应商，如以时代光华为代表的e-learning提供商。 2001年e-learning的市场总额为52亿美元，预计2006年市场总额将达到237亿美元，年平均增长率为35.6%。这主要是由于这种新的学习培训模式确实能够大幅降低培训的