最新版深圳牛津七年级英语下册第一单元语法冠词

最新版深圳牛津七年级英语下册第一单元语法冠词

一、定义

冠词是一种虚词，不能在句子中作独立成分，要用在名词的前面，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物。它不能离开名词而单独存在，因此，可以说冠词就是名词的一种标志。在英语中，冠词分为不定冠词(a和an)和定冠词(the)两种：不定冠词一般用于单数名词前，表示泛指; 定冠词既可修饰可数名词(单复数均可)，又可修饰不可数名词，表示特指。

二、用法分类详解

1. 不定冠词a(an)

用法例子

1. a用在辅音音素前，an用在元音音素前。

"

This is a useful book.

He is an honest boy.

2. 用于第一次提到的、表示人或物的可数

的单数名词前，表示“一个”，相当于one。

Here is a map of the United States.

I have a storybook.

3. 用在可数的、单数形式的普通名词前，

表示价格、速度、时间、频率等度量上的

“每一”等。

An apple a day keeps the doctor away.

We take computer lessons once a week.

4. 抽象名词在某些情况下可以与不定冠词

连用，表示“一种、一场”等。

It’s a pleasure to have a chat with you.

，

5. 用在单数名词前，表示一类人或物中的

任何一个。

The sun is a star.

A knife is used for cutting.

6. 用在序数词前表示“又一、再一”等。He copied the article a third time.

7. 用于固定短语中。

have a look; a lot of; have a good time;

a little; a few

.

1. 有些单词虽然是以辅音字母开头，但使用不定冠词an。如：hour和honest 以辅音字母h开头，但h并不发音，因此用an。

2. 有些单词虽然是以元音字母开头，但使用不定冠词a。如：useful和university以元音字母u开头，但u发/ju:/音，故使用a。

3. 表示成套的东西时，两个并列的名词前只能用一个不定冠词。如：

a knife and fork一套刀叉 a table and chair 一套桌椅

4. 不可数名词前一般不用冠词，但如果具体化，表示一个具体的情况、动作或某一类事物时，可以用不定冠词a或an。如：

—Have a smoke抽支烟吧

—No，thanks. I gave up smoking long time ago. 不了，谢谢，我早戒了。

Tom started at a walk but soon broke into a run. 汤姆开始时步行，但一会儿就奔跑起来了。

[

1. (2015邯郸一模) Come on! You can make it if you have ______ try.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. 不填

2. (2015保定一模) There is ______ house in the picture. It’s big and nice.

A. a

B. the

C. 不填

D. an

3. (2015石家庄裕华区模拟) —Look at ______ old desk. Is it still ______ usable one

—Yes. It can be used to store our books.

A. an; the

B. a; the

C. the; an

D. the; a

4. (2015邯郸二模) Each of us plays ______ important role in our society.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

5. (2015唐山路北区一模) I am considering buying ______ used car for its lower price.

【

A. an

B. a

C. the

D. /

6. (2015张家口一模) His father bought ______ bike for him.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

7. (2015唐山路北区二模)—What ______ heavy rain it was!

—Yes, but I love ______ air after it rains. It smells so fresh.

A. the; a

B. a; the

C. the; the

D. a; a

8. (2015沧州一模) If you read the article for ______ second time，you will have

______ better

understanding of it.

A. a; the

B. /; the

C. a; a

D. /; a

2. 定冠词the

用法例子

1. 用于谈话双方都清楚的名词前，表示特

指。

Tom, come to the blackboard, please.

2. 用于再次被提到的名词前。There is a book on the desk. The book is Tom’s.

3. 用于被形容词、介词短语或定语从句修饰的名词前。~

Hand me the new book, please.

4. 和一些名词连用，表示类别。The light bulb was invented by Edison.

5. 用于形容词的最高级或序数词前。Tom is the tallest in our class.

6. 用在世界上独一无二的事物或乐器前。the sun; the moon; play the piano

7. 用于姓氏的复数前表示“一家人”或“夫

妇”。

The Turners are at breakfast table.

8. 与某些形容词连用表示一类人或事物。!The young should help the old.

9. 用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前。the Great Wall; the United States

10. 用于一些固定短语中。by the way; in the end

9. (2015河北) Look at ______ calen dar. It’s June 22.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

10. (2015石家庄毕业班质量检测) —Mum, I want to buy a new toy car.

`

—But ______ old one is still running, isn’t it

A. an

B. the

C. a

D. /

11. (2015石家庄藁城区模拟) —Is ______ red bag under the table yours，Jean

—No. I only have ______ yellow bag. Maybe it’s Julia’s.

A. a; the

B. the; a

C. a; a

D. the; the

12. (2015石家庄43中模拟) Many people like ______ TV play You Who Came From the

Stars very much.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

13. (2015河北模拟拔高型) ______ old man behind Mrs. Li is ______ university teacher.

A. The; an

B. An; a

C. An; an

D. The; a

~

14. (2015河北结课B卷) Shijiazhuang is ______ capital city of Hebei Province. It

is becoming

more and more beautiful.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. 不填

15. (2015河北密卷一) ______ Smiths often go for ______ picnic on weekends in spring.

A. The; a

B. A; the

C. /; the

D. The; /

16. (2015滦平县二模) —Mary, can you play ______ guitar

—Certainly! It’s a piece of cake for me.

A.a

B. an

C. the

D. 不填

，

3. 不用冠词的情况

用法例子

1. 在专有名词或不可数名词前。Paper is made of wood.

2. 名词前有指示代词、物主代词或不定代词作定语。Go along this road.

Every student likes English in our class.

3. 复数名词表示一类人或事物时。￥My parents are teachers.

4. 在节日、日期、月份、季节前。Today is Children’s Day. It’s hot in summer.

5. 在一日三餐、球类运动、学科的名词前。He went to school without breakfast.

6. 在某些固定短语中。in bed; in hospital; on foot; at school

@

1. 如果三餐名词之前有定语修饰时，可加不定冠词。如：

We had a wonderful lunch. 我们吃了一顿很好的午餐。

He gave me a good supper. 他请我吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐。

2. 如果特指某顿饭时，可加定冠词。如：

The supper was different from that one. 这顿饭和那顿饭不同。

How do you like the dinner they gave你们觉得他们提供的饭怎么样

3. 如果季节、月份或日期名词被一个限定词修饰时，前面可加定冠词。如：

He came to Beijing in the winter of 1999. 他是1999年冬天来北京的。

I bought the bike in the May of 2014. 这辆自行车是我2014年的5月份买的。

4. 由festival组成的中国特有的节日前要加定冠词the。如：the Spring Festival

春节; the Lantern Festival 元宵节。

，

5. 某些短语中有无冠词the，意义会大不相同。如：

(1)go to school去上学; go to the school到(所指的)学校去

(2)at table用餐，在吃饭; at the table在桌边

(3)in hospital生病住院; in the hospital 在医院里(并非生病住院)

(4)in front of在……前面(范围之外); in the front of 在……前部(范围之内)

(5)by sea(＝by ship)乘船，走水路; by the sea 在海边

(6)in class在上课; in the class在班上

(7)in place of替代; in the place of 在……地方

'

17. (2015石家庄长安区一模) The little boy is so ______ honest that all of us like him.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

18. (2014石家庄42、43中一模) More and more foreign students come to China t o l e a r n ______ Chinese.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

19. (2014邢台二模) Li Yundi plays ______ piano after ______ supper every day.

A. the; the

B. a; a

C. the; /

D. /;

the

20. (2014秦皇岛一模) —What’s the matter with you

—I caught ______ bad cold and had to stay in ______ bed.

A. a; /

B. a; the

C. a; a

D. the; the

（

21. (2014辛集四模) —Are you ______ Chinese or Japanese

—Chinese. But I was born in Japan.

A. an

B. /

C. the

D. one

22. (2014邢台二模) —What do you like to do after school

—I like playing ______ chess with my father.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. / Practice

1. David is from ______ European country and he is ______ honest boy.

|

A. a; a

B. a; an

C. an; a

D. an; an

2. Beijing is ______ capital of China and it is ______ city with many places of interest.

A. a; a

B. a; the

C. the; a

D. the; the

3. Long long ago there was ______ old king，and he has a very beautiful girl.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

4.—What was Professor Wang doing at this time yesterday

—She was giving her students ______ lesson on ______ history.

A. a; /

B. a; an

C. the; the

D. the;

a

5.—How about ______ talent show

—I should say it was ______ great success.

'

A. a; a

B. an; an

C. an; the

D. the; a

6. Li Na started playing ______ tennis at the age of six. She is one of ______ best

w o m e n tennis players in the world.

A. the; the

B. a ; /

C. /; the

D. the;

/

7. —Tom, I’ll invite you to have ______ lunch after playing ______ violin.—Thank you.

A. a; the

B. the; the

C. /; /

D. /; the

8. He has tried twice，and he is asked to have ______ third try.

A. the

B. a

C. an

D. /

9.—Excuse me. Do you have any books about ______ moon

—Yes, they are on ______ shelf over there.

-

A. a; a

B. a; the

C. the; /

D. the; the

10. I like playing ______ chess，while my brother is interested in listening to ______ music.

A. /; /

B. the; the

C. the; /

D. a; the

11. There is ______ airport in our city，and it is ______ first one in our province.

A. a; the

B. an; /

C. a; /

D. an; the

12. —There’s ______ ball on the ground. Would you please pass ______ ball to me

—With pleasure.

A. the; the

B. the; a

C. a; a

D. a;

the

13. We have raised a lot of money for ______ poor in our country.

A. an

B. /

C. a

D. the

'

14. We usually go to ______ school on weekdays，and sometimes go to ______

c i n e m a a t

weekends.

A. /; the

B. the; the

C. the; /

D. /; /

15. —How long does it take us to go to your hometown from here

—It takes you ______ hour or more to go to my hometown by ______ train.

A. an; a

B. a; a

C. an; /

D. a; /

16. Jack is ______ unusual boy. He always has some different ideas from others.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

17. —Look！There is ______ useful book on the desk.

—______ book must be Lucy’s. She left there just now.

,

A. a; The

B. the; The

C. an; The

D. an; A

18. —Can Xie Xiaojun play ______ piano

—Yes. She can play a little. She has made ______ decision to learn to play more music.

A. the; the

B. a; a

C. a; an

D. the;

a

19. Look at ______ eraser on the floor. Whose is it

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

20. Let’s look at the bag. Can you see ______ “s” on the corner of ______ bag

A. /; the

B. an; the

C. the; a

D. the; /

&

一、用适当的冠词填空

1. Thomas Edison was one of ____ greatest inventors in ____ world.

2. Man is ____ only animal that can talk.

3. Is this house ____ older of the two

4. ____ earth moves around ____ sun.

5. I live in ____ northeast of China.

6. There are sixty minutes in ____ hour.

】

7. ____ honest boy is Jim, ____ friend of mine.

8. Children usually go to ____ school at ____ age of seven.

9. Here is ____ useful book to read.

10. Would you like ____ rice or ____ bread for your breakfast

11. ____ poor are always happier than ____ rich.

12. He took me by ____ hand.

13. They have ____ son and ____ daughter. ____ son is a doctor and ____

daughter is a teacher.

14. ____ orange is orange.

15. He watched the student from ____ head to ____ foot.

16. What ____ interesting book it is!

'

17. ____ clouds over ____ sea were lovely yesterday.

18. There is ____ little milk in the fridge, I’ll go and buy some.

二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. The old woman often tells us ______ (joke) after school.

2. There are four ________ (member) in my family.

3. Bill, can you answer ___ (I) question

4. I think this picture is the ____ (good) in the world.

5. Robin forgot ______ (take) his English book this morning.

~

6. The father makes his son _______ (exercise) for half an hour every morning.

7. My English teacher always encourages me ________ (speak) English in class.

8. Dona prefers ______________ (stay) at home at weekends.

9. Why not try ________ (listen) to some soft music if you feel tired

10. My best friend Tracy is very good at ________ (dance).

三、语法填空

American Thomas Edison (1847-1931) was one of the greatest （inventor）in the world. He made 1,093 (invention) in his life. The most famous one was the light bulb!

Thomas Edison spent a long time (make) the light bulb. He tried over 1,600 different kinds of material1 to get the right filament (灯丝) for the light bulb. He used things like the hair from a m an’s beard (胡须) ! Some people 4. ____(think) he could not make it. , finally he did.

Edison went to school for only three months. His teacher told him that he was so stupid that he couldn’t learn 6. _________ (something). But he kept 7.

______(study) on his own. He taught himself everything he needed 8.

________(know).

When Edison worked on 9. _____ new kind of battery (电池), he tried out 8,000 ways to make it. Then he said: “Well, at least we found 8,000 things that don’t work!”

This is the longest lasting light bulb 10. _______ the world. The light burns for 108 years in California (加利福尼亚), US. The light is still working today.

一、完形填空

Can you imagine trying to write music if you were deaf Most of us couldn’t dream of it. But for the great composer Ludwig van Beethoven, this was no at all.

Beethoven did not begin life deaf. He on Dec 16, 1770 in Bonn, Germany. He lived a life, and faced much sadness. One of his piano pieces, Für Elise (《致爱丽丝》), was written for a failed love interest – a woman

14. _______ Therese Malfatti.

At the 15. _______of 26, Beethoven began to lose his 16. _______. Yet he was to go on writing music through hearing vibrations (振动). There is a story that after the performance of his famous Ninth Symphony (《第9号交响曲》), people cheered and clapped (鼓掌). Beethoven could not hear them clapping, and when he turned and realized, he began to 19. _______.

Before Beethoven, most music was very controlled (克制的). He 20. _______ all this and created a powerful, violent sound. At first, many people hated his music, saying it was too emotional (情绪化的). But today, his name is a symbol for passion (热情) and genius (天才).

( ) 11. A. dream B. problem C. wish

( ) 12. A. out B. ill C. born ( ) 13. A. simple B. difficult C. happy ( ) 14. A. called B. written C. done

）

( ) 15. A. year B. age C. season ( ) 16. A. seeing B. feeling C. hearing ( ) 17. A. able B. interested C. excited ( ) 18 A. around B. off C. on

( ) 19. A. smile B. laugh C. cry

( ) 20. A. did B. changed C. made

二、阅读理解

A

`

Charles Darwin, was born on February 12, 1809. His family lived not far from the River Severn, England. Charles’father was a well-known doctor and he hoped that his son would also become a doctor.

As a boy Charles liked collecting things like eggs, stones, and leaves. When he was sixteen ,Darwin was sent to Edinbrugh University to become a doctor. But he was interested in the history of nature. Then he was sent to study in Cambridge University until 1831.

Later, he worked in the ship Beagle studied the waters in the sea near South America. It also visited New Zealand, Australia and islands in the Pacific. Darwin studied many new plants and 1842, Darwin went to live in Kent. There Darwin understood that plants and animals are not always the same, and that they really change .

By 1859, Darwin had finished his famous book The Origin of Species. It made a great hit in the world of science. He was opposed ( 反对) by the church and even by some scientists . But later, more and more scientists agreed with him. Darwin continued his studies in science until he died in 1882.

( ) was Darwin born

Germany France England America

( ) kind of books did Darwin like reading when he was a boy

book books

books books

( ) visited the following places with the ship Beagle except(除了）____

sea near North America

in the Pacific

( ) did Darwin go to Edinburgh University to become a doctor

}

( ) to the passage，which of the following is NOT true

father was a famous doctor

went to live in Kent in 1842

’s famous book The Origin of Species was opposed by his family

Darwin died at 73

B

Once people thought that dinosaurs were brown or gray in color, but the answer is to find out. After examining the remains of a dinosaur, scientists say the color of the feathers are bright. American and Chinese scientists rebuilt the feathers of a flightless(不能飞的) dinosaur that lived about 150 million years ago, and researchers studied melanosomes(黑素体) in the feathers. The researchers compared them to the melanosomes that control the color of feathers on modern birds. They were then able to make out the colors of the dinosaur feathers. Richard Prum, a biologhist(生物学家) at Yale University, said the dinosaur would be a beautiful creature if it were still alive. The discovery is useful to scientists in another way. It helps them better understand not only how dinosaurs looked but also how they lived in their daily life. Some researchers plan to use this way to study the colors of other feathered dinosaurs.

( )26. What did scientists discovered recently

and gray dinosaurs B. The first remains of a dinosaur

^

kind of dinosaur with bright color feathers D. A flightless dinosaur

( )27. What does the underlined word “remains” mean

A. bodies

B. dead bodies

C. bones

D. blood ( )28. American and Chinses scientists studied the dinosaur that lived _______ to find out its color.

million years ago B. 150 million years ago

C. in the museum

D. in old China

( )29. The researchers compared __________ of the dinosaur to those of modern birds.

A. the white wings

B. the leg and the body

C. the melanosomes in the feathers

D. the living conditions

( )30. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage The discovery helps scientists _______.

&

A. to change colors of modern birds

B. know how the dinosaurs lived in their daily life

C. to study the color of other feathered dinosaurs

D. understand how dinosaurs looked in the old times

C

If you have heard of Lenoardo da Vinci, you must know something about the Mona Lisa. Maybe it is the most famous painting in the world.

Da Vinci himself loved it so much that he always carried it with him, until it was sold to France's King Francis I in 1519. In 1911, the painting was stolen from the Louvre by a former employee, who took it out of the museum hidden under his coat. He said he planned to return it to Italy. The painting was sent back to France two years later. During World War II, French hid the painting in small towns to keep it out of the hands of German forces. Nowadays we can still enjoy the beautiful painting in the Louvre Museum(卢浮宫), Paris now.

However, the health of the famous picture is getting worse by the year, according to the Louvre Museum where it is housed. The museum said, “Visitors have noticed changes but repairing the world's most famous painting is not easy. Experts are not sure about the materials the Italian artist used and their modern chemical state.”

Nearly 6 million people go to see the Mona Lisa every year, many are attracted by the mystery of her smile."It is very interesting that when you're not looking at her, she seems to be smiling ,and then you look at her and she stops, "said Professor Margaret Livingstone of Harvard University. "It's because direct vision is excellent at picking up detail, but less suited to looking at shadows. Da Vinci painted the smile in shadow."

—

Like many old ladies, the Mona Lisa has some interesting stories to tell.

( )31. According to Para. 2, which of the following statement is TRUE

A. The Mona Lisa was sold to France's King Francis III in 1519.

B. In 1911, the painting was stolen from the Louvre by a farmer.

C. The painting was sent back to France in 1913.

D. During World War II, Germans stole the painting.

( )32. "The health of the famous picture is getting worse by the year.(in Para. 3)" means the Mona Lisa _________.

A. is losing its value

B. is being damaged after so many years

C. is getting more valuable with years passing

D. will be stolen

^

( )33. We can infer(推断) from the article that experts haven't any repairs on Mona Lisa because _________.

A. it's now in a poor chemical state

B. they don't know the painting is damaged

C. they don't have the materials Da Vinci used

D. they are afraid it'll be done further damage

( )34. The smile of the Mona Lisa can only be seen _________.

A. by indirect vision

B. at a distance

C .by direct vision D. in shadows

( )35. From the last paragraph, we can infer that _________.

A. many interesting stories have been written about the Mona Lisa

B. people are interested in the stories about the Mona Lisa

（

C. some mysteries still remain to be solved about the Mona Lisa.

D. many more stories will be told about the Mona Lisa

三、书面表达

请你根据下面的表格内容，用英语写一篇约80词的家庭介绍，开头已给出，不计入总词数。