英语听力高频词汇

听力应试技巧

短对话中常见短语与表达方式

I.职业与身份

1.教师与学生

textbook, course, subject, homework, assignment, test, quiz, tuition, school record, credits, registration, quit school, term paper, thesis, Students’Union, gymnasium, homecoming(校友聚会), dormitory, teaching building, do research for, professor, semester, work as one’s teaching assignment, assistance帮助, assist, trouble a professor, may I ask you a few questions, I have a class at ten, come in one’s office hour, finish reading one’s research report, revise(improve) some parts of it, get it published, read some papers he recommended, correct all the typing errors in a paper, read it through again, check the paper for typing errors, etc

2.图书馆管理员与学生

magazine，periodical, fiction, reading room, library card, library catalogue, loan desk(借书处), journal, reference book, stacks(书库), shelves, renew, due(到期的),overdue(过期的)，book for reading assignment, weekday, weekend, check out, volume two, check for sb. borrow, on the upper shelf, a book hard to identify/ missing, has been misplaced

3.营业员与顾客

on sale, bargain, price, out of style, fashion, ready-made(成衣), cloth pattern (花纹，图案), tip, cash or charge(付现金还是记账),department store, cashier, supermarket, daily necessities, check-out stand (付款柜台), receipt, shop assistant, salesman, clerk, the newest model, represent the latest technology, we sell nothing but the best, be of the same brand, have a good sale, nice-looking straw hat, you can wear it rain or shine, I’d like to buy a copy of…, that book had been out of print, it is no longer available, the information in the book is out of date, the paperback

edition of this dictionary, hard cover is on sale,

4.饭店与顾客

Seasoning(调味品),menu, wine, drink, food, snack, banquet-tray(餐盘),paper napkin(餐巾纸), go Dutch(各自付账),receptionist, service counter, a single room, a double room, customer, manager, boss, well-done(全熟的),under-done(半熟的), have a table for four, a corner table, a table near the window, reserve a table, I’ll be back with your order, how about the food I ordered,

5. 医生与病人

Hospital, doctor, nurse, patient, operation, ward, physician, medicine, surgery, hospital register’s office(挂号处), out-patient department(门诊部), emergency department(急诊部),to suffer from, to give an injection, to give first-aid treatment, what can I do for you?, what’s the matter with sb.?, make an appointment to see the doctor, twist one’s ankle, the injury does not seem serious, foot still hurt, put my weight on it,

6. Students communicate with students

Briefings (lectures, presentation) seem go on forever; stay awake; sleep through; unnecessarily long; more attentive; on this topic; hard/difficult to follow; think of; speak highly of; consider sth. dull; choose a good topic ; attend; think of sb.’s lecture; the topic is interesting; say about; a copy of article; get on with one’s essay; have a real hard time; two sleepless nights; be through with; finish the assignment; political science class; each present a different theory; read more than one article; get a full mark in math exam; do a good job; miss classes; bring sb. up-to-date(bring me up-to-date告诉我最新消息); help sb. to catch up; show up late; on the first day of school; get to know; find quality paper to type essay; bookshelf; stock room仓库；商品储藏室; go and check; typewriter; have one ’s hands full with; book report; how are lessons going; make progress; well worth the time and trouble; rewarding; boring; entertaining; time-consuming; take five classes next semester; too many courses offered to students;

II.地点与方向

1.hospital

blood-pressure, cough, fever, a headache, pills, tablets, take one’s temperature, take medicine, patient, doctor, nurse, dentist, a physical examination, physician,

2.bank

account, bank clerk, current account(活期存款账户), check,service charge, cash the cheque, saving/check account(储蓄/支票账户), deposit, withdraw

3.hotel

hotel, motel, a single/double room, a suite, book a room, check in/out, register, fill in a room, make a reservation, lobby, Service Room, reception, front desk, porter, tip; book a room with a bath, a single/double room on the second floor, make reservation for one’journey,

4.railway station

train, platform, passenger, fare, next stop, the terminal station(终点站)

5.bus station/stop

conductor, passenger, fare, next stop, the terminal station

6.airport or on plane

airliner, land, take off, flight, on board, boarding card, departure, arrival, destination, cancel a flight, delay, check in, luggage, fasten the safe belt, crew，gate; be on the plane; it is exciting to travel by air; fly somewhere for one’s vacation; get to the airport in time to catch the flight; get one’s flight changed; switch to a different flight; have a ticket for 6 o’clock flight to New York; I am afraid I can’t make it; is there a seat available for…? All the morning flights have been booked up; fly to some place; change one’s destination; You are not supposed to be here. This are is for the airport staff only.; fly over to see; keep in touch; see sb. off; complain about the airport service; meet sb. at the

airport;

7.library

librarian, assistant, call number, book, due, overdue, return, renew, borrow, lend, latest issue, card, catalogue, fine(罚款), fiction, novel, magazine, bookshelf

8.movie/theatre

film, movie, play, show, drama, row, ticket, seat, balcony(包厢)，be on(上演，上映), performance, program, Shakespeare, Oscar, ticket, check in, The Twelfth Night; go to the movies; see a different type of movie for a change; be tired of movies about romantic stories; love stories;

detective stories, royal theater; I would like two tickets for 9 o’clock’s show; sell out; attend a show;

give me two tickets for tonight’s show, please. ;

9.store

department store, the grocer’s, drug store, shop, go shopping, market, on sale, sell well, , size, type, fashion, style, color, cost, price, counter, brand, cash, check, assistant, May I help you?

What can I do for you? How much does it cost? Here you are. Pay, buy, purchase, change(零钱), US dollars, pounds, shillings, penny

10.school/university

campus, department, dean, college, professor, teacher, student, tutor, lecturer, headmaster, principal, lecture, academic report, textbook, semester, examination, test, lab, required course, optional course, gymnasium, freshman, sophomore, junior, senior, undergraduate, graduate, post-graduate, grade, bachelor’s degree, master’s degree, doctor’s degree, diploma

11.restaurant

I am starving; make a reservation, order, soft drink, wine, beer, brandy, whisky, dessert, salad,

soup, bread, rice, noodle, potato, tomato, beef, meat, pork, chicken, mutton, pie, roast, fry,

steam(蒸), a dish, main food, menu, Help yourself, I’m full, cook, delicious, taste, smell, waiter, waitress, pay the bill, cash, go Dutch; go out for dinner;

12.post office

post, mail, postage, stamp, envelope, parcel, air-mail, EMS, registered mail, transfer(汇款), postcard, telegram, fax, cable(电报); I am going to send the parcel to London, what is the postage for it?

13.customs house(海关)

declare(报关), clear/clearance(清关), tariff(关税), pay duty on, duty-free, fill in the form, article(物品), passenger, smuggling/smuggle, drugs, illegal, legal

14.meeting

I’d like to talk with your director., could arrange it for me?, rather busy these days, to arrange an appointment for sb./ with sb. , you’ve arranged to meet sb. , going to contact Mr. Johnson, I am ringing to confirm my appointment with sb. ; expect sb, at., Make an appointment, would you get me through to sb.?; deliver a speech, preside, host, chairman/chairperson, conclude, propose, suggest, for, against, agree, disagree, reinforce, argue, debate, dispute, solution, decide/decision 15.dance & party

gather, together, DJ, disco, have a ball, dance with, music, band, dancer, singer, May I have the pleasure of next dance? Ask sb. to the party; know one’s address; invite Tom to the party; get the Johnson’s address; call to tell him about the party; what to wear to the party; cannot afford something new; attend a party; all of the clothes look so old;

16.gas station

pull in/out, petrol, gasoline, fill in the tank, litre公升(米制容量单位)

17.at home

housework, go to bed, retire to bed, housewife,, sitting room, bedroom, washing room, do cooking, gardening, take a rest, in the garden; sit out in the backyard to enjoy the beautiful day; there is a lot of laundry to do; wash clothes; why did sb. call? Pick up magazine she learnt; get some magazines back; paint the house; have the house painted; climb the ladder; go home for the summer; count the days ...数着日子过，表示急切或时间难熬; on one’s way home; pack for the summer vacation; the apple pie tastes very good(=very delicious); even my mother cannot match this; have look at the I bought; bought out the bookstore买下了书店(=bought a lot of books); a large selection of books;

18.court

your honor, jury, judge, justice, case, counselor, recess, lawyer, witness, victim, proof, identity, suspicion, to be executed sentence(裁决), imprisonment, execution, laws, legal, illegal, defendant, complainant

19 social activities

19.1Talk about sports/ hobbies/ entertainment

Boating and skating are my favorite sports; walk all the way to the office; find great pleasure in waling; take it as a kind of exercise; fishing is a good way to kill time; give a tlk on fishing; have the same hobby as sb.; show great enthusiasm for; be interested in ; be willing to swim; how do you like yesterday’s play?; play one’s part quite well/ exaggerate his part=too dramatic to be realistic; see last night’s film on channel;

19.2 Chat

It’s high time we turned our attention to the problem; I can’t agree with you more; I’d ride a bike to work; take a crowded bus during the rush hours; take good care of one’s car; the car is well maintained; the car is in good condition; no scratches划伤on the outside the inside is clean too.; car can stand any crash.

19.3 in public places

The music is beautiful; I’d like to dance; I don’t know the steps; give performance; listen to the music; dance to music; Tom looks awfully nervous; be not used to making speeches; an awful/inexperienced speaker; be terribly embarrassed; the audience get up and leave in the middle of the performance; appreciate the real-life drama; the title of the oil painting; an early 18th century work; look it up in the catalog; at an art gallery;

19.4 Talk about work

Complain about one’s job; accept a job; turn down the offer; it means frequent business trips away form family; the pay is too low to support one’s family; get bored with the same routing; year after year; awfully dull; really exciting; very exhausting; quite challenging; stimulating; how did your experiment go?; be through with your work; my boss usually finds sth. for me to do at the last minute; return to present job after the vacation; be confident about the job interview;

19.5 talk about the weather

Have a severe winter; warm up; the weather is mild; enjoy the wonderful weather.

19.6 talk about rent/ life

Move into a new apartment; it is more expensive; can’t put up with the noise; have a room to let/ for rent.

III.否定语气

1．1）含否定语义的代词和连词，如：nobody, nothing, neither, nor, none, no, not, never, not…at all, not…until, no sooner..than, nothing but, no more/longer 等。

2）含否定语义的副词和形容词：hardly, barely, scarcely, rarely, little, seldom, few, without, opposite, 3）含否定意义的词缀，如：im-, un-, mis-, dis-, -less ; dislike, unless, 等

4）注意缩写形式的否定读音，如：aren’t,don’t,hasn’t,weren’t, wasn’t

2．1）不含否定标志的具有否定意义的动词、动词词组及介词词组，如：fail, miss, avoid, deny, hate, stop, refuse, doubt, far from, anything but绝对不,一点也不, instead of, rather than（句型前面的动词事后面动词的反义词，极端反意句型，而不，非）, last, ignore, overlook看漏;忽略, lack, against, beyond, other than 除非, the last thing +定语从句（最不愿意或最不可能做的事）, 等。

2）含too…to的结构。

注意：强调否定句，句首的否定词多数是never, little, rarely，并且句子必须倒装，如：Never before have I…, Little did they…, Rarely do we…，等

3）用虚拟语气表达一种抱怨、后悔等情绪，属于一种隐性考法，主要体现虚拟语气的关键词有：if, if only, I only wish..., couldn’t have done something...without..., I thought; without; but for; but that; otherwise; or ; should/shouldn’t/ needn’t +have done；couldn’t have done+形容词/副词比较级（非常，再不能更。。）等。

IV肯定语气：

1）双重否定句，如：not uncommon, no one can deny…,not careless（careless的相反意义）等

2）

V.具有倍数意义的名词、形容词、副词或动词等

Times, quarter, twice one-third, couple, discount, half, half as much/many as, double, percentage, off(减、降、少), pair (a pair of)

VI.比较与选择

As…as, not as/not so…as…, twice/half as…as…, more/less…than ；not more…than not/no +比较级(=最高级)，never better, nothing better, than ever before, than anyone else, than anything else, the more…, the more…, not so much…as, etc.

VII表示建议

疑问句式：what about doing sth.? could /would you ..? Have you ever tried..? would you mind doing…? 祈使句式：Just..;Just wait a few minutes; don’t …; Let’s…

反问句式：why not do sth.? why don’t you do …? Haven’t you..?

启示性或指导性的陈述句：the library has many books on art. We can…; you’d better (not)do..; may/might as well do; should do/ shouldn’t do; maybe…; 虚拟语气；

VIII表示接受或拒绝

接受：of course not. ; sure; …but I think…; Not yet.

拒绝：I’d love to, but..; thanks, but…; I wish I could…;

应试策略

1.保持良好的心理状态。参加听力测试，过于紧张和过于放松都不利于发挥出最佳水平。听的过程中，既要放松心情，又要集中注意力，不要胡思乱想，尽量加强大脑与听觉系统之间的协调与沟通。

2.善于抓住短对话的关键词汇。尽量利用读题目要求的时间，或题与题之间的空隙，浏览选择项，预测考点信息，把注意力放在关键词汇上。

3.熟悉短对话的考查重点，特别是职业身份题，地点方向题，肯定否定题，数字计算题，比较选择题，原因结果题等。

长对话的命题趋势与应试策略

长对话是四级考试改革后新增的听力题型，安排在短对话之后，共有两组，每组对话男女一问一答6---10个回合，字数达200多词，每组长对话的容量可相当一篇短文。2组对话后共有7个问题，这些问题既涉及数字计算、职业身份、地点方向等具体细节，也涉及整个长对话的主题大意。

长对话的谈话内容虽然非常广泛，但一般均为大学生所熟悉和关心的话题，如租房、购物、旅游、考试、上课、老师、同学、疾病、理发、求职、邻居关系、交际活动等等。

策略：

1.长对话篇幅长，信息量大，考生不应不切实际地希望听懂每一个词，每一句话。期望值过高，势必

造成一遇生词或听不懂的句子，就惊慌失措，考前要有心理准备，要有一定的容忍度，这样才不致于考试过程中发挥失常。

2.要学会抓大放小，重宏观，轻微观，即考试中要注意抓住整个对话的中心大意，而不要把过多的精

力放在个别孤立的单词和句子上。

3.尽量做到在听音前根据卷面信息进行预测。科学地预测将有助于考生把注意力集中到和考试答案有

关的重要信息上。

4.在听力测试过程中要学会记笔记。不要听见什么记什么，要选择重要信息，一般说来，和四个选项

有关的信息要认真记录，可在四个选项旁用自己看得懂的速记符号记下，以供选择答案时参考。

短文理解应试策略

短文理解每篇约200-300词，每篇短文3-4个问题。其内容比较广泛，常常与欧美国家的政治、经济、文化、教育、社会问题和科普知识相关，这些文章的语速为每分钟130词左右，要求听完后，能掌握其中心大意，抓住要点，能运用基本的听力技巧帮助理解。

短文部分主要在于其整体难度大。如果说对话部分侧重语句水平，那么短文部分则侧重于语篇水平，更强调理解的整体性和逻辑性，强调隐含信息的推理和综合信息的归纳。做短文部分听力测试题时，应注意应用以下方法：

1.先浏览问题，再根据问题预测内容；

2.许多问题的出现顺序与文章内容的顺序基本一致；

3.短文中的问题多为对细节内容的考查，因此选项加上题干的内容大致与文章的内容相符；

4.记住事件发生的时间和地点；

5.综合记忆短文中的事实和理由；

6.通过所给信息判断人物的身份及相互间的关系。

复合式听写应试策略

1.单词听写

这部分侧重检测考生对单词的音、形、义的综合掌握能力，一般说来，做听写填空题，可按下列步骤和技巧进行：

A.听抄

要从音、形、义、用四个方面入手，并结合上下文听懂该单词，如四级曾考过，No working day is identical to any other, so there is no “typical”day for a police officer.许多考生听懂了“typical”一词，但却将其拼写为，“topical”, “tipical”“difficult”等等，显然不了解派生于type一词。

B.检查

1）时态、语态是否正确？

2）语意是否通顺？英语中有许多读音相似或同音异形、异义词，选择那一个词应由整句话的句意及上下文的连贯性来决定。语句结构是否完整？

3）听的时候，如冠词、介词可能听得不是很清楚，检查时要根据上下文决定是否需要

2.短语或句子听写

A.培养和锻炼逻辑思维能力：即一是要培养直接用英语进行逻辑思维的能力，二是要根

据上下文用逻辑推理来预测事物的发展情况的能力。

B.使用速记方法：在听写时往往会出现记下了听写的第一个单词，而后面的几句匆匆而

过，来不及填写后面的内容。针对这个问题，在考试中应采用速记方法，迅速记下每个听到的单词。所谓的速记就是用一些简单的符号缩写、字母记下所听到的内容。不让一个单词漏掉。例如:=表示equal,sth表示something, sts表示students,ads表示advertisement等等. U r a sts