高中英语新高考语法考点复习讲义(九)一般现在时、过去时、将来时

2021届高中英语新高考语法考点复习讲义（九）

一般现在时、过去时、将来时

一般现在时

①一般现在时的构成

一般现在时通常以动词原形表示；如果主语为第三人称单数，谓语也用第三人称单数。

②一般现在时的用法

a．表示习惯性、经常性或永久性的动作，常与always,now and then, occasionally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually等时间状语连用。

He often goes to work by bus, and he takes a walk with his wife after dinner every day.

他经常乘公共汽车上班，而且每天正餐后和妻子一块儿散步。

b．表示客观真理、科学事实、格言以及其他不受时间限制的客观存在的事实。

As we all know, the earth travels around the sun.

众所周知，地球绕着太阳转。

Shanghai lies in the east of China.

上海位于中国的东部。

特别提醒：

表示客观事实、普遍真理、格言等的句子充当宾语从句时，不受主句时态的限制，即使主句用过去的时态，从句仍然用一般现在时。

The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.

老师说地球绕着太阳转。

c．表示主语目前的性格、特征、状态或能力等。

My mother is an English teacher.

我妈妈是一位英语老师。

d．在时间、条件、让步状语从句中表示将来的动作或状态，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，主句仍用一般将来时。

You will_surely_succeed if you try your best.

功夫不负有心人。

e．表示按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的动作或事件，或者事先安排好的动作。常见的有此用法的动词(短语)有go, come, leave, start, begin, arrive, end,finish, take off等。

Hurry up! Flight 4026 takes_off at 19：00.

快点！4026航班19：00起飞。

一般过去时

①一般过去时的构成

一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。

②一般过去时的用法

a．表示在过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示具体过去时间的状语连用，如：yesterday,last month, just now, the other day, three days ago, in 1949。

He bought the computer five years ago.

他五年前买了电脑。

Where did you gojust now?

刚才你去哪儿了？

b．表示过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。常与often,usually, seldom等表示频度的副词连用。注意：表示过去习惯性的动作还可用would,used to代替。

When I was in the countryside, I often_called on my old friends there.

我在乡村时，经常去拜访那里的老朋友。

c．在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，若主句用了过去将来时，从句常用一般过去时表示过去将来的意义。

He would_give her the book as soon as he met her.

他一见到她就把书给她。

②一般将来时的用法

a．“will/shall＋动词原形”表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，即可表示较近的将来，还可表示较远的将来。常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow,some day, next..., from now on, in the future，“in ＋一段时间”等。

她说她要担任这一职务。

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按：本套资料省去了名词、代词、形容词等部分，保留了最最核心的句型和动词。希望能有所帮助。第一章名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。一．主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如： a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 - b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型） d) It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型） 2. 用it作形式主语的结构 (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that …; It is an honor that…; It is common knowledge that… (2) It is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that…It is strange that… . (3) It is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that…It happened that…It appears that… (4) It ＋过去分词＋从句 It is reported that…It has been proved that…It is said that… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：（1）if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。（2）It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week. ( 错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. （3）It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. 错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him. （4）It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：正确表达：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. 错误表达：Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. （5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：；正确表达：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening 错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely 4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：

高考英语语法复习讲义：语法总结全集

语法总结全集名词和主谓一致一、名词的分类英语中名词主要可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。 1．可数名词可数名词一般都有单复数。单数时，名词前可加不定冠词a/an；复数时，前面可加数词，名词本身要改成复数形式。可数名词的复数有规则和不规则两种变化。规则的名词，只要在单数名词之后加“s”，“es”或去“y”加“ies”就行，如：an umbrella, twelve umbrellas；a factory, three factories。不规则的名词变化则要靠积累记忆，如：a mouse, ten mice；a policeman, six policemen。有少数可数名词，如sheep，works（工厂），Chinese等，它们的单复数同形：a sheep, four sheep；a chemical works, five chemical works。此外，还有一些可数名词只有复数形式，如clothes，trousers，cattle，police，people(人，人民)等。英语名词中还有一些合成词，它们的复数形式有三种可能：1）后面的部分变成复数形式：grown-ups，boy students，grandchildren。2）前面的部分变成复数形式：passers-by，lookers-on，sons-in-law。3）前、后都变成复数形式：men doctors，women drivers。 2．不可数名词不可数名词没有单复数的变化，前面也不能加a/an，或数词。但是我们可以用量词来表示不可数名词的数量，单复数表现在量词上，如：a piece of paper；two pieces of paper。在有些情况下，不可数名词也可用a/an，表“一种”、“某种”的意思，如have a wonderful time，receive a good education，be made into a fine paper。有时为了表示量大，不可数名词的后面也可加“s”，如sands，ashes，waters等。但是我们在学习不可数名词的时候，特别要记住英语中有一些名词，它们无论在什么情况下，前面都不能用a/an，后面也不可加“s”，如weather，information，等。 3．有的名词既可是可数名词，也可是不可数名词英语中有相当一部分的名词，既可以是可数，也可以是不可数，它们的意义有时略有不同，有时则完全不同。如：difficulty, success, time, work，paper，glass，等。 4．用于表示可数与不可数名词的数量“多”“少”的常用词和词组跟可数名词连用的如：few, a few, many。跟不可数名词连用的如：little, a little, much。可数与不可数都能用的是：a lot of , plenty of。二、主谓一致 1．通常被看作单数的主语部分 1）不定式、动名词和主语从句。 eg.. To see is to believe. Seeing is believing. What he said was different from what he did. 2）表示“时间”“距离”“金钱数量”的名词。 eg. Twenty years is quite a long time. 10 kilometers doesn’t seem to be a long distance to Mira. 300 dollars is too much for this old coin.

高考英语一般过去时经典习题(含答案)

高考英语一般过去时经典习题(含答案) 一、单项选择一般过去时 1．—Ann is in hospital. —Oh, really? I ________ know. I ________ go and visit her. A．didn’t; am going to B．don’t; would C．don’t; will D．didn’t; will 【答案】D 【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：—Ann住院了。—真的吗？我不知道啊。我要去看她。根据句意，“不知道她住院”是过去的动作，应使用一般过去时；“我要去看她”是将来要发生的事情，而且是临时决定做的事情，应使用will表将来。故D正确。 2．— You seem to be familiar with the school campus. —I ______ here for three years. It’s great to be back. A．have taught B．taught C．had taught D．teach 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态。句意：——你似乎对这个校园很熟悉。——我在这里教过3年学。回来真是太好了。根据第一句和It’s great to be back.可推知，“在这里教过3年学”是过去发生的事情，现在不教了，故用一般过去时态，答案为B。 3．--I wonder what makes you a good salesperson. --I as a waiter for three years, which contribute a lot to my today’s work. A．serve B．have served C．had served D．served 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：考查时态。根据句意，做服务员是过去发生的事，因此才说对现在销售员的工作产生很多帮助，用过去式即可，句意：我想知道什么使你成为一个好的销售员。我当服务员三年，这对我现在的工作很有帮助。故选D 考点：考查时态 4．—That must have been a hard project? —Yeah, it _____ us a whole year to finish the work. A．took B．has taken C．takes D．was taking 【答案】A 【解析】考查时态。That must have been ……是对过去情况的判断，所以 it ___us a whole week to get there. 是在陈述过去的一个事件，要用过去时。句意：那一定是很长的旅程。--

初中英语语法：一般现在时

初中英语语法：一般现在时一、一般现在时有三种形式 1. 谓语是be（am/is/are）的一般现在时。 ①肯定形式：主语+be+表语（形容词、名词充当表语）。 I am hungry. You are beautiful. He is a doctor. ②否定形式：主语+be+not+表语（形容词、名词充当表语）。 I am not hungry. You aren't beautiful. He isn't a doctor. ③一般疑问句形式：Be+主语+表语（形容词、名词充当表语）? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+be. 否定回答：No, 主语+ be+not. —Are you hungry? —Yes，I am./No,I'm not. —Is he a doctor?

—Yes, he is./No, he isn,t. ④特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+Be开头的一般疑问句? —What is he? —He is a doctor. 注意：be要随着主语变。 2. 谓语动词是实义动词（及物动词或不及物动词）的一般现在时。 ①肯定形式：“主语+及物动词+宾语”或“主语+不及物动词”。She has a little brother. 她有一个弟弟。 The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 ②否定形式：“主语+don't/doesn't+及物动词+宾语”或“主语+don't/doesn't+不及物动词”。 She doesn't have a little brother. 她没有弟弟。 I don't eat every morning.

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