初中代词用法归纳 人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 反身代词 疑问代词

代词是代替名词的词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征
及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、疑问代词、不定代词。
一． 人称代词： 代替具体人名的词叫人称代词。它有一、二、三人称与单数、复数及性别之分，还有主格与宾 格之分。
人称代词有人称、数和格的变化： （1）Who’s Kate? 凯特是谁？
She’s my friend. 她是我的朋友。 注：she 代替上文中的 Kate，而不能再用 Kate 来重复回答：Kate is my friend. （2）Li Lei is a boy. He’s twelve. 李雷是个男孩，他十二岁。
注：he 代替前句中的李雷。 （3）Look at that bird. It is Polly. 看那只鸟，它是波利。
注：it 代替前句中的 that bird。 （4）Who’s it?（门外有敲门声）谁呀？ It’s me. 是我。 人称代词的用法 ★ 1）人称代词的主格在句子中作主语。
例如：He is student. 他是一个学生。 ★ 2）人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语，但在口语中也能作主语补语.)
例如： I saw her with them at least, I thought it was her. 我看到她和他们在一起，至少我认为是她。（her 做宾语，them 做介词宾语，her 做主语补语） -- Who broke the vase? --谁打碎了花瓶？-- Me. --我。（me 做主语补语= It's me.） 难点：主格和宾格的区别用法 主格做句子主语，而宾格作为动词或者介词的宾语。(动宾结构或者介宾结构) 例如：Give it to me. （宾格）
I love you. （主格） 3). 并列人称代词的排列顺序
①单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为： 第二人称－> 第三人称 －> 第一人称，即 you－> he/she; it -> I。
例如：You, he and I should return on time. ②复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为：
第一人称 －> 第二人称 －> 第三人称，即 we －>you－>they。

巩固练习：用适当的人称代词填空。（前后两句人称与数保持一致）
（1）My name is Amy. ________ am Amy.
（2）Our names are Amy and Gina. ________ are Amy and Gina.
（3）His name is Tim. _______ is Tim.
（4）Her name is Alice. ______ is Alice.
（5）Their names are Tim and Alice. ________ are Tim and Alice.
（6）Your name is Li Peng. _______ are Li Peng.
（7）Your names are Li Peng and Li Lei. _______ are Li Peng and Li Lei.
（8）Its name is Mimi . _________ is Mimi.
★ 代词 it 的用法
①指代前面提到过的事物。 如： The book on the desk is not mine. It is Jim's.
②指代指示代词 this 或 that. 如： ---What's that? ---It is a pen.
③指代婴儿或不明身份的人. 如：Someone is knocking at the door. Please go and see who it is .
④指代时间或季节
如：---What is the time now?
---It's ten o'clock.
⑤指代天气 如：---What's the weather like today? ---It's sunny.
⑥指代距离 如：How far is it from your school to your home?
⑦用作形式主语，常用语下列句型中
It is +adj.+(for/of sb.) to do sth. 例句: It is easy for me to finish the homework.
It is important for us to work hard.
It's time to do/for /that....
例句：It’s time for eating lunch.
二、物主代词
It's time to get up /for lunch/that we went home.
表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词，可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 形容词性物主代词 形容词性物主代词一般放在所修饰名词的前面，同时它们也有人称和数的变化。形容词性物主代词的 前后是不出现冠词的，这是在书写句子时最容易犯的错误。如：my father, his desk, our room, their names, your aunt 等。 用法 形容词性物主代词起形容词作用，在句中只能作定语，也就是说它后面必须跟一个名词。 如：This is my bike. 这是我的自行车。
Miss Gao is our English teacher. 高小姐是我们的英语老师。 I don’t know her name. 我不知道她的名字。 即：形容词性物主代词＋名词 【例】She is a student and ??????name is Kate.
A. she?? B. her?? C. hers??? D. his

名词性物主代词 名词性物主代词相当于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词. 如: -Is this your book？ -No, it isn't, it's hers(her book).
This book is mine.= This is my book. Jim's , Tom's, Maria's 则是名词所有格。 巩固练习： 一、用代词的适当形式填空 1．There is a letter for________ (her 、hers) mother. 2．That is _____ (she) coat. The coat is red.??______ (its) is a new one. 3．Whose pens are these? _______(their) are ______ (we). 4．Give _______ (he) a toy, please. 5．________ (we) eyes are black. 6．Tim and Bill are twins. _________(them) parents are teachers. 7．Give the book to __________ (I ). 8．These books are __________ (we). 9．That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I ) 10．The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she ) 11．Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I ) 12．______ is my brother. _____ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _____. ( he ) 二、 用适当的人称代词填空： 1. __________ is my aunt. We often visit __________. ( she ) 2. What day is __________ today? — __________ is Thursday. (its) 3. These new houses are so nice. __________ are very expensive.( them ) 4. Ling Ling is a girl. ___ studies in a primary school. _____ brother lives with ___ and helps ___ with___ lessons. ( she ) 5. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to ____ ? ( she ) 三、用合适的代词填空 1.________(我) am a student. _________ (我的)name is Gina. This is ________ (我的)sister. This pencil is _____(我的). Where is _______(我的)schoolbag? (我的)_____is on the desk. (我的)___________favorite subject is science. 2、Do _____(你)have a soccer ball? Is this _______(你的) pencil？

Do _____(你)like bananas? When is _______(你的) birthday?
What is ______(你的)favorite subject? Who is ____(你的)P.E. teacher.
Why do _______(你)like P.E.? When is _______ (你的) P.E. class?
Where is _______(你的)schoolbag? (你的)_____ is on the desk.
3.Is _______(他)Alan? What’s _______(他的) last name?
What’s _______(他的)phone number? _______(他的) father is a teacher.
___(他)often plays basketball. When is ____(他的) birthday?
What is ____(他的)favorite subject? Who is ____(他的)music teacher.
Why does _______(他)like P.E.? When is _______(他的) music class?
This soccer ball is _____(他的).
Where is _______(他的)schoolbag? (他的)_____ is on the desk. 4. Is _______(她)Helen? What’s _______(她的) last name?
What’s _______(她的)phone number? _______(她的) father is a teacher.
___(她)often plays tennis after school. When is ____(她的) birthday?
What is _____(她的)favorite subject? Who is ___(她的)music teacher.
Why does _______(她)like P.E.? When is _______(她的) music class?
This ping-pong bat is _____ (她的).
Where is _______(她的)schoolbag? (她的)_____ is on the desk.
5._______(我们) are late. Please let_____(我们)play soccer.
6._______(我们的) classroom is big.__________( 你们的) is small.
7__________(他们)are my parents. I love _______(他们)very much.
What’s _______(他们的) names?
三、指示代词
指示代词的基本用法: 指示代词在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语：
指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式，既可作限定词又可做代词，例如：
单数
复数
限定词：This girl is Mary. 代词： This is Mary.
Those men are my teachers. Those are my teachers.
如：This is yours and that is mine. 这是你的，那是我的。（作主语）
I want this book, not that book. 我要这本书，不是那本书。（作定语）
I like these and he likes those. 我喜欢这些，他喜欢那些。（作宾语）
★ 表替代的 that 与 those 有时为了避免重复，可用 that 和 those 代替前面提到的名词：

如：The population of China is much larger that that of Japan. 中国人口比日本人口多得多。(that = the population) His views are close to those of the Socialist Party. 他的观点接近社会党的观点。(those = the views)
巩固练习： 一、句型转换：
1. This is a yellow bus.(改为复数句)
_____ ________yelllow_________. 二、用所给的词选择填空
1、These are pens and ________ are pencils. (that, this, those) 2、Tom was sick yesterday. ________ is why he missed school. ( That, Those, These) 3、Which of ______ shirts are Tom's ( These, this, that) 4、This desk is mine, ______ is hers. ( those, this, that) 5、The map of Beijing is better than ________ of Tianjing. (this, that, these) 三、填空
1. I like _____ pants. _______ pants are red.(这些) 2. I don't like ____ shoes. ____shoes are too small.(那些) 3. I want _____(这个) sweater. I don't want________(那个) sweater._____ (那个)is too big. 四、英汉互译。
1. 这支钢笔
2. 那些英语书
3. these erasers 五、选择。
4. that car
( )1. __________ pen is red. ________ pencil is green.
A. this, that B. These, qThose
C. That, Those D. This, That
( )2. Is _____ a panda over there?
A. this B. that
C. those D. these
( )3. ________two boys are Mr. Green's sons.
A. This B. These
C. That D. those
( )4. __________ two girls are Mary and Linda.
A. This B. They

C. That D. Those
( )5. _______is Mr. White and _____ is my father.
A. This, those B. That, these
C. These, these D. This, thisq 四、反身代词
英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。其
基本形式如下表所示：
数 人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
myself
yourself
himself herself itself
复数
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
【用法展现】
1 可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。 如：Maria bought herself a scarf. 玛丽亚给自己买了一条围巾。 We must look after ourselves very well. 我们必须好好照顾自己。
2 可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。 如： She isn’t quite herself today. 她今天有点不舒服。
3 可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。 如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow. 明天她自己将要坐飞机去伦敦。 I met the writer himself last week. 我上周见到了那位作家本人。
4 用在某些固定短语当中。 如： look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself 自学 enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快 help oneself to sth 请自用……（随便吃/喝些……）. hurt oneself 摔伤自己 say to oneself 自言自语 lose oneself in 沉浸于，陶醉于……之中 leave sb. by oneself 把某人单独留下 buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西 introduce oneself 介绍……自己

【温馨提醒】
1、反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。 如：我自己能完成作业。
（误）Myself can finish my homework.. (正)I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.
2、反身代词表示“某人自己”，不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自 己的（东西）”时，须要用 one’s own.
如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。
（误）I’m drawing with myself crayons. (正) I’m drawing with my own crayons. 巩固练习;
一．选择。
1. Those girls enjoyed ____ in the party last night.
A. them B. they C. themselves D. herself
2. Help ____ to some fish, children.
A. yourself B. your C. yours
D. yourselves
3. The film ____ is very fun.
A. it’s B. itself C. it
D. its
4. –Who teaches ____ math? –I teach ______.
A. your, myself B. you, myself C. you, me D. you, herself
5. The father will make ____ a bike ____.
A. her, himself B. she, himself C. her, herself D. she, herself
6. The scarf is ____, she made it_____.
A. herself, her B. herself, hers C. hers, herself D. her, herself
7. Liu Hulan’s death was great. She thought more of others than ______.
A. her B. she C. hers D. herself
8. Luckily, he didn’t hurt ____ terribly yesterday.
A. him B. themselves C. himself D. they

9. I can’t mend my shoe _____. Can you mend it for?
A. myself, me B. myself, I C. me, I D. I, me
10. I like watching in the mirror.
A. me B. I C. my D. Myself
11. Hi, Judy. — Hi, Jason. Come in. Make ________ at home.
A. yourself B. us C. yourselves D. you
12. Mum often warns the boy ________ swim ________ in the sea because it’s dangerous.
A. don’t, alone B. not, by himself C. not to, by himself D. not to, lonely
13. Li Lei and Lin Tao are working harder than before to improve ________.
A. themselves B. himself
C. their
D. theirs
14. Yesterday I saw ________ enjoy ________ in the park.
A. her, hers
B. they, them
C. She, herself D. them, themselves
15. It was not good for the mother to leave her little son all by ________.
A. yourself
B. himself
C. herself
D. itself
16. Mary makes all ______ dresses.
A. herself
B. herself’s
C. hers
D. her own
17. Don’t be worried. She will come ______ very soon.
A. by herself
B. to herself
二、根据上下文用适当的代词填空：
C. back herself D. all to herself
1. Mary finished __________ work all by __________.
2. Mum is out, so we have to look after __________.
3. ―Help __________ to the fruit!‖ I said to the twins.
4. I have brought _________ lunch here. Have _________ brought _________, John?
5. Did they introduce __________ to you? — Yes, and so did __________.
6. Lucy fell off __________ bike this morning, but __________ didn’t hurt __________ very badly.
7. Do you live __________ __________, Sam?
— No, I live with __________ parents.
8. Do you wash ________everyday? — Yes, I do.

9. Who cooks food for __________ as breakfast?
— Nobody. I cook it __________.
10. Did you learn it English __________ __________?
— Yes, I taught ________.
五、疑问代词
疑问代词即指 who， whom， whose， which， what 等用于引出特殊疑问句的代词。它们在句中可 用作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。
如：
What did she say ? 她怎么说?(what 作 say 的宾语)
Which are our seats ? 哪些是我们的座位?(which 作表语)
What are you worrying about ? 你为什么事烦恼?(what 作 about 的宾语)
疑问代词的用法：
意思
用法
例句
who
谁
问人的身份，姓 He is LiLie
Who is he ?
名等
He is my brother. Who is he ?
whom
谁
问人的身份，姓 I can ask him the question.
名等(问宾语） Whom can you ask the question?
what
什么
问人的职业或 He is a worker. What is he?
事物是什么
He has a book. What does he have ?
which
哪一个 问一定范围内 The big box is mine. Which box is yours?
特指的人或物 The girl at the door is Ann. Which girl is
Ann?
whose
谁的
问所属关系
This is her book. Whose book is this ?
This book is hers. Whose is this book?
what color 什么颜色 问颜色（表语） My skirt is red. What color is your skirt?
What time 几点
问点时间
We play games at five in the afternoon ?
What time do you play games?
when
什么时候 问时间
We play games in the afternoon ?
When do you play games?
where
什么地方 问地点（状语） We play games at home on Sunday ?
Where do you play games on Sunday?

why
为什么 问原因
He isn't at school today because he is ill.
Why isn't he at school today ?
how
怎样
问健康状况、 He is fine/strong. How is he ?
做事的方式等 I go home by bike. How do you go home?
how old 多大几岁 问年龄
He is ten. How old is he ?
how many 多少
跟复数名词， 问数量
There are thirty boys in my class. How many boys are there in your class?
how much 多少
跟不可数名词 问数量或价钱
There is some milk in the bottle. How much milk is there in the bottle?
how far 多远
问路程
It's five kilometers away from here?
How far is it from here?
how soon 多久
问 in+一段时间 He can finish it in half an hour.
How soon can he finish it ?
how long 多久
问一段时间， 问物体的长短
He has lived here for a year. How long has he lived here?
The desk is one meters long.
How long is the desk ?
how often 多久
问频率
I go to see my parents once a month.
（一次）
How often do you go to see your parents?
对画线部分提问，除了要注意选择正确的疑问词外，还要注意语序的运用。
1、 对句子的主语提问，其语序是： 疑问词+谓语+其他成分？（整个句子是陈述句语序）
She is their teacher. 主语 谓语
Who is their teacher? 主语 谓语
2、对句子主语的定语部分提问，其语序是： 疑问词+主语（即定语所修饰的名词）+ 谓语+其他成分？（整个句子是陈述句语序）
My book is over there. Whose book is over there ?
主语的定语 主语 谓语
疑问词 主语 谓语
以上两点方法都是：
用正确的疑问词代替画线部分，再把句号改为问号，其余部分一般不做改变
3．对表语或宾语的定语部分提问，其语序是： 疑问词+表语或宾语（画线部分所修饰的名词）+一般疑问句（省略画线部分和它所修饰的名词）
I'm looking for my watch.. 宾语的定语 宾语
Whose watch are you looking for ? 疑问词 宾语 一般疑问句(省略掉 my watch)

4、对表语、宾语或状语提问，其语序是： 疑问词+ 一般疑问句（省略掉画线部分）？
He lives in Beijing .
Where does he live ?
状语
疑问词 一般疑问句（省略掉画线部分 in Beijing ）
5、对谓语和宾语提问，其语序是：
疑问词(What)+ 一般疑问句（其中谓语动词要用 do 的相对应形式代替, 省略掉宾语)
He watches TV in the evening
What does he do in the evening?
He watched TV yesterday evening.
What did he do in the evening?
He is watching TV now.
What is he doing now?
He was watching TV at that time?.
What was he doing at that time?
He is going to watch TV this evening.
What is he going to do?
He has seen the film. 巩固练习：
What has he done ?
一、对划线部分提问
1.Jack often goes to work by car. ________ ___________ Jack _________ to work?
2.She works on a farm.
_________ __________ she ________ ?
3.She plays basketball on Sunday. _________ _________ she ________ basketball?
4.My sister is sleeping in her room. _________ is _________ sister ________ ?
5.The dining hall is at the back of the school. _______ ________ the dining hall ?
6.She is having an English class.
_______ _______ she ________ ?
7.It is Friday today.
________ __________ is it today ?
8.They are having a P.E class. _________ are they having?
9.Peter does outdoor activities two or three a week.
_______ ______does Peter do outdoor activities.
10.I have two interesting books. _______ _________ interesting books do you have?
11.My brother likes English very much. ______ _________ your brother _______ English?
12.Lucy likes math because it’s interesting. ______ ________ Lucy like math?
13.My school life is interesting.
__________ ________ your school life?
14.Tom’s math teacher is Mr Brown. _______ _______ Tom’s math teacher?
15.I like the blue one. _______ ________ do you like?
16.The sky is blue.
_______ ________is the sky?
17 My mother is forty years old. _________ _______ is ________ mother?
18. It’s about fifteen kilometers away from here. ______ _______ is it about away from here?
19. I will stay here for three days. _______ _________ will you stay here?

20. My name is Nancy. ______- __________ your name?
21. I am from China.
___________ are you from?
22. I am fine . __________ are you?
23. Miss.Wang is our English teacher. _______ is your English teacher?
24 . Lucy is ten years old.
______ ______ are you?
25. He is in Class One Grade Two. _____ _______ is he in?
26. My telephone number is 5805000. _________ ______your telephone number?
27. They are cars.
_______ are these ?
28. This is my cap.
_________ cap is this?
29. My favorite movie star is Bruce Lee. _______ is your favorite movie star ?
30. It is yellow .
_______ ________ is it？
31. She is tall. What does she _________ ________ ? 二、将下列句子变成一般变一般疑问句
1. I am a teacher.______ ______ a teacher?
2. They are students. _____________ Students?
3. Jane is a girl. ____- _____ a girl?
4. They like English. ______ they like English?
5. I come from China._______ you come from China?
6. He likes Chinese. _____ he _____Chinese?
7. Maria comes from Cuba. ______ Maria _____ from Cuba?
8.We speak Chinese. ______ you _______ Chinese?