位育中学2017学年第一学期高一年级12月份月考考试

位育中学2017学年第一学期高一年级12月份月考考试

Ⅱ.Grammar and Vocabulary (20分）

Section A(10x1-10分）

Directions:Read the following passage.Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word.For the other blanks,fill in each blank with one proper word.Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.

The giant vending machine(自动售货机）is a new village shop Villagers have long been used to (21)_________(face) a drive when they run out of basic supplies.However,help is now nearer at hand in form of the country's first automatic push-button shop.Now residents in the Derbyshire Village of Clifton (22)________ buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.

Peter Fox,who is an electrical engineer,spent two and a half years (23)_________(work)on the project. The machine 24)_______(equip) with securing cameras and alarms and looks like a mini shop with a brick front,a gray roof and a display window.

Mr.Fox said he hoped his invention,(25)_______is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months,will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities.

He said" I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn't find a manufacture who could deliver (26)_______I wanted,so l did it by myself. The result is what amounts to hug outdoor vending machine.Yet I think the term "automatic shop”is far (27)_________(appropriate).

In the recent years,the commercial pressure from supermarket chains (28)________(force) village shops across the country to close.In 2010,it was estimated that about 40 village shops closed,(29)_________(urge）tho local government o give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new communities stores.

Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their won volunteer-run shops,but Mr.Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution (30)_______ these villages without a local shop.

答案：21.facing 22.can 23.working 24.is equipped 25.which 26.what 27 more appropriate 28 has forced 29.urging 30.to

Section B(10×l=10分）

Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.

A.steadily

B.processes

C.environmental D,displays E covered F.varies

G.severe H.influence I.inherited J.fortunately K.vigorously

Many trees and shrubs change color in fall.For years,scientists have worked hard to understand the changes that happen to them.They find that three factors 31___________ fall's colorful farewell —leaf pigments(色素）,length of night,and weather.The timing of the color change is mainly regulated by the increasing length of night.None of the other 32_______influences,such as temperature,rainfall, food supply,are as unchanging as the 33________increasing length of night during fall.As days grow shorter,and nights grow longer and cooler,biochemical 34_________in leaves begin to paint the landscape with an explosion of colors.And Nature puts on one of its most splendid 35__________of beauty.

The timing of the color change 36_______ by species.Some species in southern forests can become vividly colorful in late summer while all other species are still 37 ________green.Oaks put on their colors long after other species have already shed their leaves.These differences in timing among species seem to be genetically 38__________,for a particular species,whether on a high mountain or in lowlands,will change color at the same time.

However,some species are evergreen.Pines,for example,are green all the year round because they have toughened up.They have developed over the years a needle-like or scale-like foliage(绿叶植物），which is 39________with a heavy wax coating.And the liquid inside their cells contains cold-resistant elements.So the leaves of evergreens can safely withstand all but the most 40_________ winter conditions,such as those in the Arctic.

答案：HCABD FKIEG

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Every year the United Sates exports "cultural products" to the rest of the world while it only imports similar products from other countries equal to about one percent of the amount exported. Movies, for example, are one such 41 . The movie industry in countries like England and Italy is almost completely 42 on American exports. Both countries report that 85% to 95% of all movie tickets sold each year are for movies produced in the United States. Millions of people worldwide buy American pop, rap, and rock music. Billions of people drink Coca-Cola and eat McDonald's hamburgers. American software 43 the computer market.

Can all of the above products be called "cultural", however? That depends on how one 44 culture. Most people 45 culture into two forms: "high" culture and "low" culture. High culture is the kind produced by writers and 46 . It is more concerned with stimulating thought in the people who view or use it and does not 47 care how marketable people find it Low culture, 48 . is viewed as a product usually for entertainment and is only as good as how well it sells. Because it is 49 by masses of people, this type of culture can also be called "mass culture". The 50 between low and high culture are not very clear.

Pierre Guerlain, a professor of English and American Studies in France, points out that when a cultural product is imported, the product cannot cover the existing culture, thus 51 it. The imported product is changed to adapt to the local context. Anyone who believes that a society which imports American products of mass culture will become a 52 of America is being naive(幼稚的).

America may seem to have the strongest hand in exporting cultural products, but there is a boomerang(相反的) 53 for being more of an exporter than importer. Because Europeans and Japanese import so many cultural products from the United States, they know a lot more about American culture 54 than Americans know about European or Japanese culture. It is a definite advantage for the Europeans and Japanese to be bilingual as well as bicultural. These countries can use their knowledge of American society and 55 to increase their chances of success in the American market

41. A. aspect B. product C. example D. project

42. A. fixed B. emphasized C. called D. dependent

43. A. dominates B. abandons C. enters D. grasps

44. A. defines B. presents C. absorbs D. creates

45. A. prefer B. divide C. alter D. view

46. A. designers B. technicians C. composers D. artists

47. A. comprehensively B. temporarily

C. necessarily

D. representatively

48. A. as a result B. as a whole

C. on the average

D. on the other hand

49. A. consumed B. produced C. invested D. sponsored

50. A. connections B. distinctions C. ranges D. advantages

51. A. overcoming B. accepting C. attracting D. replacing

52. A. source B. supplier C. copy D. target

53. A. effect B. feedback C. disadvantage D. idea

54. A. in particular B. in general C. in contrast D. in the meantime

55. A. values B. economy C. policies D. characteristics

Keys:

41-55. BDAAB DCDAB DCABA

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

（A）

Two enterprising graduates are selling advertising space on their faces to pay off a combined student debt of almost ￡50,000.

Faced with a challenging job market, former Cambridge students Ed Moyse and Ross Harper are painting different company logos on to their faces.

Anyone can buy the advertising space, from businesses to individuals or groups, on a

day-to-day basis. The logos - which can be viewed at https://www.360docs.net/doc/c410381453.html, - are then seen by everyone they pass as they go about their daily business.

The graduates, who met on their first day at Selwyn College, Cambridge, started the business on October 1 and said they made ￡3,500 in the first 10 days.

The boys said they are "armed only with massive student debt and a firm grasp of the principles of viral advertising" as they attempt to survive for a year solely on income generated by transforming themselves into walking advertisements.

Mr Harper, 21, from Greenwich, south London, who studied neuroscience, said: "It's our unconventional way of paying off our student debt. The graduate job market is incredibly hostile, and so we thought we'd try and bypass it altogether.

"We've seen so many students unsuccessfully applying for jobs, only to eventually settle in a career that they never really wanted. It's just something a bit different and has taken off quite nicely."

Mr Moyse, 22, from Poole, Dorset, said: "It has exceeded expectations, but we always knew it had value and is novel and crazy."

So far, one of the main contributors has been online betting agency, Paddy Power, Mr Harper said.

Mr Moyse, who studied economics, and Mr Harper came up with the idea after graduating in the summer as a scheme which would not require much investment.

56.The two graduates set up a business of selling advertising space on their faces because________.

A.they both have handsome faces

B.they have gained best education

C.they have student loan to repay

D.they can possibly find no jobs

57.The job they engage in now has________.

A.eared them a lot of money

B.helped them to pay off the debt

C.increased their exposure

D.met their wildest expectations

58.Paddy Power might be the boys'________.

A.customer

B.debtor

C.investor

D.designer

59.The word novel here in the passage means________.

A.fictional

B.meaningful

C.unusual

D.critical

Keys: CDAC

(B)

Longman Dictionary of American English (CD for PC or MAC) Why is it unique?

The Longman Dictionary of American English is unique because it has been written using the Longman Defining Vocabulary. Other dictionaries use high-level language in their definitions (解释) which forces students to look up the defining words as well as the words they’re looking up in the first place. Only the Longman Dictionary of American English uses a defining vocabulary made of the 2,000 words that make up the intermediate-level student’s most used vocabulary

What are the other features?

The Longman Corpus Network is a powerful group of databases consisting of millions of words. The Longman American Written Corpus contains over 110 million words taken from newspapers, journals, magazines, best-selling novels, technical and scientific writing, and coffee-table books. Longman compilers (编者) use this computerized wordbank to acquire a new depth of knowledge about words, usage ( 用法), prepositions, the latest language trends and grammatical patterns using up-to-the-minute technology. The written and spoken corpuses assure that this edition of the Longman Dictionary of American English will provide the most accurate and up-to-date assistance to students who want to speak and write American English.

60.Longman Dictionary of American English is mainly for ________.

A.low-level learners C. advanced-level learners

B. intermediate-level learners D. learners of different levels

61.The main purpose of this passage is to ________.

A.tell readers why the dictionary is different from other dictionaries

B.guide readers how to use the dictionary on computer

C.explain why American English is popular

D.help students how to find the grammar patterns

62.The following about the dictionary are all correct EXCEPT that ________.

A.the definitions are easy to read

B. it can be used on computers

B.it contains a lot of daily usage D. it is made up of 2,000 words

答案：BAD

(C)

The quality of patience goes a long way toward your goal of creating a more peaceful and loving self. The more patient you are, the more accepting you will be of what life is, rather than insisting that life be exactly as you would like it to be. Without patience, life is extremely frustrating. You are easily annoyed, bothered, and irritated. Patience adds a dimension of ease and acceptance to your life. It’s essential for inner peace. Becoming more patient involves opening your heart to the present moment, even if you don’t like it. If you are stuck in a traffic jam, late for an appointment, being patient would mean keeping yourself from building a mental snowball before your thinking get out of hand and gently reminding yourself to relax. It might also be a good time to breathe as well as an opportunity to remind yourself that, in the bigger scheme of things, being late is “small stuff”.

Patience is a quality of heart that can be greatly enhanced with deliberate practice. An effective way that I have found to deepen my own patience is to create actual practice periods-periods of time that I set up in my mind to practice the art of patience. Life itself becomes a classroom, and the curriculum is patience. You can start with as little as five minutes and build up your capacity for patience over time. What you’ll discover is truly amazing. Your intention to be patient, especially if you know it’s only for a short while, immediately strengthens your capacity for patience. Patience is one of those special qualities where success feeds on itself. Once you reach little milestone(里程碑)-five minutes of successful patience-you’ll begin to see that you do indeed have the capacity to be patient, even for longer periods of time. Over time, you may even become a patient person.

Being patient will help you to keep your perspective. You’ll see even a difficult situation, say your present challenge, isn’t “life or death”but simply a minor obstacle that must be dealt with. Without patience, the same scenario can become a major emergency complete with yelling, frustration, hurtfeelings, and high blood pressure.

63. In the first paragraph, the expression “building a mental snowball”can be best replaced by

________.

A. imagining a big snowball

B. awaiting a result calmly

C. taking a deep breath

D. losing your patience

64. It’s implied in the second paragraph that .

A. the quality of patience is very hard to cultivate

B. patience should become a school course

C. you’ll get more than expected from practicing patience

D. the quality of patience will lead you to success

65. People without patience will treat the challenge as .

A. a minor thing

B. a matter of life or death

C. the small stuff

D. a great chance

5. The purpose of this passage is to .

A. persuade people to be more patient

B. tell how to practice patience

C. list the advantages of patience

D. state the importance of patience

答案：DCBA

Section C(4*2=8分）

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.

Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

We are not used to the idea of machines making ethical decisions, but the day when they will routinely do this - by themselves - is fast approaching. So how, asks the BBC's David Edmonds, will we teach them to do the right thing?

The car arrives at your home bang on schedule at 8am to take you to work. You climb into

the back seat and remove your electronic reading device from your briefcase to scan the news. There has never been trouble on the journey before: there's usually little congestion.67. : two children, wrestling playfully on a grassy bank, roll on to the road in front of you. There's no time to brake. But if the car skidded to the left it would hit an oncoming motorbike.Neither outcome is good, but which is least bad?

The year is 2027, and there's something else you should know. The car has no driver.In the future there may be a few occasions when the driverless car does have to make a choice-which way to swerve,who to harm,or who to risk harming?What kind of ethics should we programme into the car?68. Will the government decide how cars make choices? Or the manufacturer? Or will it be you,the consumer?Will you be able to walk into a showroom and select the car's ethics as you would its colour?

69.They will operate in the same way in similar situations.The autonomous weapon won't make bad choices because it is angry.The autonomous car won't get drunk,or tired,it won't shout at the kids on the back seat.Around the world,more than a million people are killed in car accidents each year-most by human error.Reducing those numbers is a big prize.

Crash into two kids,or veer in front of an oncoming motorbike? Dr Amy Rimmer said:"I don't have to answer that question to pass a driving test,and I'm allowed to drive.So why would we dictate that the car has to have an answer to these unlikely scenarios?"

Ultimately,though,we'd better hope that our machines can be ethically programmed- because,like it or not,in the future more and more decisions that are currently taken by humans will be delegated to robots.

70.We may not fully understand why a robot has made a particular decision.And we need to ensure that the robot does not absorb and compound our prejudices.But there's also a potential upside.The robot may turn out to be better at some ethical decisions than we are.It may even make us better people.

答案：CEAB

Ⅳ.Translation (3+3+4+5+5=20分）

Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.

71.宠物狗可以训练来陪伴老人。（company）

2.毫无疑问，学生应当积极参与社会实践活动。（certain)

73.当地政府采取的这些措施是否有效，拭目以待。（remain)

74.直到人们懂得了狂犬病的危害，他们才会意识到预防的重要性。（Not until...)

75.这套讨论人类与动物关系的书很畅销，它的价格从20到30元不等。（deal with）