高中英语语法填空试题(有答案和解析)

高中英语语法填空试题(有答案和解析)
高中英语语法填空试题(有答案和解析)

高中英语语法填空试题(有答案和解析)

一、高中英语语法填空

1.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

It seems to be something in our blood ________ makes human beings want to conquer (征服)" things by climbing them, no matter whether it's Qomolangma --- the ________ (high) peak on Earth ---________ Uluru, a big rock that sits 348 meters above the ground in the central Australian desert. Many ________ (visit) to Uluru climb the rock even though there's no road to it, except for a chain-and-pole path that's been hammered into the rock by early explorers. There's even a sign at the bottom of the rock ________ (write) in seven languages, reading: "Please don't climb."

For starters, the rock has spiritual significance for the local Aboriginal people, and ________(set) foot on it is considered disrespectful. Other concerns include some people leaving litter on top of the rock, and some even urinate (撒尿)on it since there's no toilet up there. When it rains, the human waste is washed down onto the rock, which can be ________ (harm) to the environment. Also, according to ABC News, 35 people ________ (die) so far trying to climb it. This is ________ the Australian government announced earlier this month that climbing Uluru ________ (ban), starting from Oct 26, 2019.

【答案】that;highest;or;visitors;written;setting /to set;harmful;have died;why;will be banned

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,人们很喜欢到澳大利亚中部沙漠去攀登Uluru,这一做法带来了一系列问题,当地政府决定禁止人们攀登这块巨石。

(1)考查定语从句。句意:似乎在我们的血液里有某些东西,让人们想通过攀登来征服事物。本题定语从句的先行词是不定代词something,使用关系代词that来指代先行词,引导定语从句并在句中作主语。所以填that。

(2)考查形容词。句意:似乎在我们的血液里有某些东西,让人们想通过攀登来征服事物。无论它是世界最高峰-珠穆朗玛峰,还是位于澳大利亚中部沙漠中地面以上348米的巨大岩石Uluru。根据常识可知珠穆朗玛峰是世界最高峰,应该使用形容词最高级作定语。所以填highest。

(3)考查连词。句意:似乎在我们的血液里有某些东西,让人们想通过攀登来征服事物。无论它是珠穆朗玛峰—世界最高峰,还是位于澳大利亚中部沙漠中地面以上348米的巨大岩石Uluru。句中使用whether…or…固定短语,"无论......还是......",连接上下文。所以填or。

(4)考查名词。句意:尽管没有路,但很多游客还是会前往Uluru去攀登这块巨石。所填词在句中充当主语,而且表示人,所以要用visit表示人的名词形式visitor在句中做主语,而形容词many说明应该使用可数名词复数形式,故填visitors。

(5)考查非谓语动词。句意:在巨石的底部用七种语言写着一块牌子:请勿攀登。名词短语a sign与动词write构成被动关系,要用过去分词短语作定语,其作用相当于定语从句。所以填written。

(6)考查非谓语动词。句意:踏上这块岩石被认为是无礼的。本句中可以使用动名词短

语做主语表示经常性习惯性的动作,也可以使用不定式短语做主语表示一次性的动作。所以填setting/to set。

(7)考查形容词。句意:下雨的时候,垃圾废物被冲下岩石,这对环境是有害的。句中应该使用harm的形容词形式与系动词构成系表结构,所以填harmful。

(8)考查时态。句意:根据ABC,到目前为止在攀登巨石时候,已经有35人死亡。句中时间状语so far意为"到目前为止",通常与现在完成时连用,本句主语是复数名词,所以填have died。

(9)考查表语从句。句意:这就是为什么这个月的早些时候澳大利亚政府宣布将从2019年10月26日开始禁止攀登Uluru。句中表语从句缺少连词,且该表语从句表示最后的结果,why引导表语从句表示最后的结果。所以填why。

(10)考查时态语态。句意:这就是为什么这个月的早些时候澳大利亚政府宣布将从2019年10月26日开始禁止攀登Uluru。本句主语climbing Uluru与动词ban构成被动关系,且表示将来的事情,要用一般将来时的被动语态。所以填will be banned。

【点评】本题考点涉及定语从句,形容词,连词,名词,非谓语动词,时态,表语从句,时态语态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

2.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Scientists say crocodiles have outlived dinosaurs ________some 65 million years. One reason why they are such good ________ (survive) is that they can go for a very long time without eating. And they are expert hunters,________(use) their strong jaws to bite their prey(猎物) and then swallow it whole. When they lose a tooth they grow one right back. A crocodile can go through 8,000 ________(tooth) in one lifetime!

What does the expression "crocodile tears" mean? Simply put, "crocodile tears" are fake sadness. You pretend ________(cry) and feel bad for something when in fact you could not care ________(little). A great word to describe it is insincere. The phrase "crocodile tears" comes from an old myth that crocodiles would shed tears while eating their prey. A religious worker wrote that ________ a crocodile found a man by the water, it would kill him if it could. Then the crocodile would cry tears on the man, but then finally swallow ________(he). Another myth suggests ________crocodile is very clever indeed. Crocodiles, the story goes, would cry tears as a false show of guilt or sadness to trick their prey. The prey would come closer and then become dinner.

Scientists explain that crocodiles DO create tears, but they do not cry. The tears help to clean their eyes. Crying is purely emotional and it ________ (reserve) for us humans.

【答案】 by;survivors;using;teeth;to cry;less;if/when/once;him;the;is reserved 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,解释了短语“鳄鱼的眼泪”的含义,它表示虚假的悲伤。科学家解释说,鳄鱼的确会流泪,但它们不会哭。眼泪有助于清洁他们的眼睛。哭纯粹是感情用事,是人类的天性。

(1)考查介词。句意:科学家说,鳄鱼比恐龙寿命长约6500万年。outlive by固定短语,

“比……寿命长”,故填by。

(2)考查名词。句意:它们是如此优秀的幸存者的一个原因是它们可以长时间不吃东西。根据上文good为形容词修饰名词可知应填名词survivor“幸存者”,且主语they are可知应填复数形式,故填survivors。

(3)考查非谓语动词。句意:它们是专业的捕猎者,用它们强有力的下颚来咬它们的猎物,然后把它整个吞下去。本句中use做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语they构成主动关系用现在分词,故填using。

(4)考查名词。句意:一条鳄鱼一生能咬掉8000颗牙!tooth为可数名词,由8000修饰应用复数形式,故填teeth。

(5)考查非谓语动词。句意:你假装哭泣,为某事感到难过,而实际上你根本不在乎。pretend to do sth.固定短语“假装做某事”,故填to cry。

(6)考查形容词。句意:你假装哭泣,为某事感到难过,而实际上你根本不在乎。根据上文”you could not“可知为“否定词+形容词比较级”表示最高级结构,故填less。

(7)考查连词。句意:如果/当/一旦一条鳄鱼在水边发现了一个人,它会杀死他。本句可理解为条件状语从句,表示“如果”,可填if;也可理解为时间状语从句,表示“当……时候”或“一旦”,可填when或once,故填if/when/once。

(8)考查代词。句意:然后鳄鱼会对着他哭,最后把他吞下去。做动词swallow的宾语应用人称代词的宾格形式,故填him。

(9)考查冠词。句意:另一个传说表明鳄鱼确实很聪明。此处表示特指“鳄鱼”这个物种,应用定冠词,故填the。

(10)考查时态语态。句意:哭纯粹是感情用事,是人类的天性。本句中it指代上文crying,且与谓语动词构成被动关系,且描述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为it,故填is reserved。

【点评】本题考点涉及介词,名词,非谓语动词,形容词,连词,代词,冠词以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇科普类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

3.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或摘号内单词的正确形式。

Students at a primary school in Hangzhou had their first class________March 1st on movable type. This is________ ancient Chinese printing system.

The West Lake Primary School in Zhejiang Province introduced the course at the beginning of this new term. So far, the school________(invite) an expert in Chinese characters culture to the campus,________major responsibility is to teach students how to use the ancient printing technology. Students attend lectures on the history of movable type along with ________(interest) classes on typesetting and printing. They then print their own document, ________(apply) the knowledge they've learned. One student printed her________(new) written essay "Whether the traditional red envelopes kids receive belong to them or their parents?"________(know) as one of the four great inventions of ancient China, movable type printing ________(invent) by Bi Sheng in the 1040s during the Song Dynasty, and it is the world's

first system of movable type printing.

The school said the course is aimed at improving the students' awareness of Chinese characters and their ________(appreciate) of Chinese culture.

【答案】on;an;has invited;whose;interesting;applying;newly;Known;was invented;appreciation

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,3月1日,杭州一所小学的学生上了他们的第一节活字课的情况。该校表示,这门课程旨在提高学生的汉字意识和对中国文化的欣赏。

(1)考查介词。句意:3月1日,杭州一所小学的学生上了他们的第一节活字课。根据下文March 1st可知在具体的某一天应用介词on,故填on。

(2)考查冠词。句意:这是一个古老的中国印刷系统。system为可数名词,此处表示泛指,且ancient为元音音素开头,故填不定冠词an,填an。

(3)考查时态。句意:到目前为止,学校已经邀请了一位汉字文化专家,他的主要职责是教学生如何使用古代的印刷技术。根据上文So far可知应用现在完成时,且主语为单数名词,故填has invited。

(4)考查定语从句。句意:到目前为止,学校已经邀请了一位汉字文化专家,他的主要职责是教学生如何使用古代的印刷技术。本句为定语从句修饰先行词an expert,且先行词在从句中做定语,故填关系代词whose。

(5)考查形容词。句意:学生们参加有关活字历史的讲座,以及有关排字和印刷的有趣课程。classes为名词,指物需要-ing结尾形容词修饰,故填interesting。

(6)考查非谓语动词。句意:然后他们将所学的知识打印成自己的文档。apply做非谓语动词与逻辑主语they构成主动关系,故用现在分词,填applying。

(7)考查副词。句意:一名学生打印了她新写的论文《孩子们收到的传统红包是自己的还是父母的?》。修饰形容词written应用副词,故填newly。

(8)考查非谓语动词。句意: 活字印刷术被称为中国古代四大发明之一,活字印刷术是毕升在10世纪40年代宋朝时发明的,是世界上最早的活字印刷系统。本句中know做非谓语动词与逻辑主语movable type printing构成被动,故用过去分词,填Known。

(9)考查时态语态。句意: 活字印刷术被称为中国古代四大发明之一,活字印刷术是毕升在10世纪40年代宋朝时发明的,是世界上最早的活字印刷系统。本句主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且根据下文in the 1040s during the Song Dynasty可知应用一般过去时,故填was invented。

(10)考查名词。句意:该校表示,这门课程旨在提高学生的汉字意识和对中国文化的欣赏。根据上文their为形容词性物主代词修饰名词,故填appreciation。

【点评】本题考点涉及介词,冠词,时态,定语从句,形容词,非谓语动词,副词,语态以及名词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇新闻报道,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

4.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Mochi (年糕) is a traditional food popular in Chinese and Japanese cooking, made from

________ (special) treated rice. It is often presented in the form of a round cake, and is traditionally exchanged at the New Year.

Mochi is made by ________ (put) sticky rice into water overnight, cooking it and pounding it into a sticky paste. The paste is made into shapes ranging from simple to complex rounds, some of ________ are stuffed with sweet fillings. Mochi is often decorated with ________ (flower) or fruits, especially when it is exchanged as ________ gift at celebrations like birthdays and the New Year.

Traditionally, wooden mortars (臼) and pestles (杵) ________ (use) to pound mochi rice. Fresh mochi is usually cooked and served warm ________ a variety of sauces. Steaming and boiling are both popular preparations in Japan, along with cooking. Fresh mochi is soft but it________ (hard) quickly. Prepacked mochi blocks, flattened and cut into square pieces or shaped into rounds, are available at grocery stores. Mochi can go bad easily, so it's ________ (good) to cook soon than to keep it in your fridge.

Hard mochi pieces can be cooked, deep-fried, boiled, and more. Cooked mochi is very sticky, so be careful not ________ (choke) on it.

【答案】specially;putting;which;flowers;a;are used;with;hardens;better;to choke

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国和日本受欢迎的传统食物——年糕。(1)考查副词。句意:年糕是一种在中国和日本很流行的传统食物,由经过特殊处理的大米制成。此处要用副词修饰形容词treated,故填specially。

(2)考查非谓语动词。句意:年糕是将糯米放入水中过夜。by是介词,意为“通过……”后接doing形式,故填putting。

(3)考查定语从句。句意:这种糊状物的形状从简单的圆形到复杂的圆形,有些是甜馅的。此处是定语从句,指代上文的paste,从句中做介词宾语,用关系代词which,故填which。

(4)考查名词。句意:年糕通常用鲜花或水果装饰。根据or fruits,可知此处用名词复数,故填flowers 。

(5)考查冠词。句意:尤其是在生日和新年等庆祝活动中作为礼物交换时。根据as ___5___ gift,gift“礼物”,可数名词,故填a。

(6)考查时态语态。句意:传统上,木臼和杵是用来捣糯米的。主语是wooden mortars and pestles,谓语动词用复数形式的被动语态,又因为时态是一般现在时,故填are used。(7)考查介词。句意:新鲜的年糕通常是煮熟的,并与各种酱料一起热着吃。介词with 表示“与……一起”,根据句意,故填with。

(8)考查时态。句意:新鲜的年糕很软,但会很快变硬。主语是it,是第三人称单数,指Fresh mochi,时态是一般现在时,故填hardens。

(9)考查形容词。句意:年糕很容易变坏,所以与其把它存放在冰箱里,不如现煮现吃。根据than可知此处形容词的比较级,故填better。

(10)考查非谓语动词。句意:煮熟的年糕很黏,所以要小心别噎着了。be careful to do sth.固定短语,“小心做某事”,可知此处用动词不定式,故填to choke。

【点评】本题考点涉及副词,非谓语动词,定语从句,名词,冠词,时态语态,介词,形

容词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

5.阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

Ne Zha, China's animated blockbuster hit of the summer, is ready ________ (hit) North American theaters later this month.

Well Go USA Entertainment, ________ distribution company specializing in bringing top Asian film titles to US cinemas, will release the film in select 3D IMAX theaters across North America on Aug 29, ________ (follow) by a nationwide expansion on Sept 6.

Written and directed by first-time feature filmmaker Yang Yu, also known ________ Jiaozi, the film ________ (tell) of Ne Zha, a boy born as a social outcast (弃儿)because of a divine prophecy(神的预言) ________he would destroy the world. He tries to change his predetermined fate and people's views of him by choosing good over evil and ________ (become) their true hero.

Built on a successful________ (adapt) of Chinese folk tale and excellent word-of-mouth, the film - the first Chinese animated film is proving to have long legs at the box office.________ a total box office of 4.1 billion yuan ($582 million) and counting, Ne Zha is the best-received animated feature ever in China, and the fourth________ (large) theatrical release in the country's box office history.

【答案】 to hit;a;followed;as;tells;that;becoming;adaptation;With;largest

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,在中国大热的动画电影《哪吒》本月即将在北美上映。

(1)考查非谓语动词。be ready to do固定短语,"准备好做某事",故空格处要用不定式,填to hit。

(2)考查冠词。空格处修饰可数名词company, company在句中是单数形式,所以这里要用一个冠词修饰。根据语境,这里是泛指"一家分销公司",要用不定冠词,company为辅音开头,故填a。

(3)考查非谓语动词。句意:美国电影发行公司Well Go USA Entertainment将于8月29日在北美部分3D IMAX影院上映该片,9月6日将在全国范围内进行扩张。分析可知本句的谓语动词为release, follow在句中为非谓语动词。根据句意, follow和逻辑主语"将于8月29日在北美部分3D IMAX影院上映该片"这件事之间是被动关系,要用其过去分词形式,故填followed。

(4)考查介词。be known as固定短语,"作为.....出名",故填as。

(5)考查主谓一致和时态。tell在句中做谓语,主语Yang Yu是单数,谓语动词也要用单数。全文为一般现在时。故填tells。

(6)考查同位语从句。空格处后的he would destroy the world是一个完整的句子,要用一个连词连接这个句子。分析可知空格处引导的是同位语从句,从句中不缺任何成分,应该用that引导,故填that。

(7)考查非谓语动词。所给词become为动词,分析可知空格处做介词by的宾语,应该用所给词的动名词形式,故填becoming。

(8)考查名词。空格处由不定冠词a修饰,应该填一个名词。故填adaptation。

(9)考查介词。句意:《哪吒》的总票房为41亿元(约合5.82亿美元),而且还在继续增加,是中国有史以来最受欢迎的动画片,也是中国票房历史上排行第四的院线电影。根据句意,这里要表示的是《哪吒》这部电影有41亿元的票房,介词with意为"有,拥有…."符合句意,故填With。

(10)考查形容词。句意:《哪吒》的总票房为41亿元(约合5.82亿美元),而且还在继续增加,是中国有史以来最受欢迎的动画片,也是中国票房历史上排行第四的院线电影。根据句意,《哪吒》这部电影是中国票房历史上第四大的,这里要使用"the+序数词+形容词的最高级+of"的结构,表示"第几最….",故填largest。

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,介词,主谓一致,时态,同位语从句,名词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇新闻报道,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

6.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Boat Building is a long-winded and time-consuming business, even when ________ is going down the slipway is a small craft ________(make) from modern materials such as fibreglass. Construct a mould(模具). Build up layers of resin(树脂) and glass fibre inside that mould. Extract the completed structure and finish it. All told, it can take months. That, ________, may soon change. For researchers at the University of Maine are now in ________process of testing an 8-metre (25-foot) patrol boat that took just 72 hours to make from scratch. Their trick was to build the boat ________(use) a giant 3D printer.

Since they appeared in ________(commerce) form in the 1990s, generally 3D printers ________ (employ) in factories to make small things like components of jet-engines and dental crowns(牙冠). Now, a new generation of outsize printers is arriving. These are capable ________turning out much bigger objects than previously possible, and printing them faster.

To print the patrol boat, part of an American army project, the team in Maine linked up with Oak Ridge National Laboratory, in Tennessee, which helped ________ (develop) the printing process, and Ingersoll Machine Tools, in Illinois, which built the printer itself. The university estimates that for boat building, a common trade in the state, large 3D printers of this sort will ________(dramatic) cut the cost and time required to produce new ships.

【答案】what;made;though/however;the;using;commercial;have been employed;of;develop / to develop;dramatically

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了大型3D打印机可用来制造船舶。

(1)考查主语从句。句意:造船是一个漫长而枯燥的过程,即使最终从造船台上滑下来的只是一艘用玻璃纤维等现代材料制造的小船,而非用木板钉成的传统船只。______ is going down the slipway是when引导的时间状语从句中的主语从句,主语从句缺少主语,在此表示的事物,故填what。

(2)考查非谓语动词。此处表示用玻璃纤维等现代材料制造的小船。______(make) from

modern materials such as fibreglass用来修饰craft,作定语,craft与make是被动关系,所以用过去分词,故填made。

(3)考查副词。句意:不过,现状可能马上会发生改变。根据前后文语境可知此处表示之前制作大约需要好几月的实践,而这一切随着3D打印的使用可能要发生改变。所以表示转折关系,故填however/though。

(4)考查冠词。句意:缅因大学的研究者正在测试一条8 米长的巡逻艇,它的建造过程只花了 72 小时。in the process of…固定短语,“在......过程中”,故填the。

(5)考查非谓语动词。句意:他们的秘密武器,是使用一台大型的 3D 打印机来造船。分析句子结构可知此句有谓语动词was,所以use 要使用非谓语,再根据their trick可知使用者是人,所以人与use是主动关系,所以用现在分词,故填using。

(6)考查形容词。句意:自从他们在20世纪90年代以商业形式出现以来,他们一直被用于工厂制作小的飞机零部件和牙冠。此处修饰form名词,要用形容词,故填commercial。

(7)考查时态语态。根据时间状语since,可知主句用现在完成时,再根据3D打印机与employ之间是被动关系,所以用现在完成时的被动语态,再根据主谓一致。可知填用have been employed。

(8)考查固定短语。句意:这些打印机能够制造出比以前更大的物体,并且打印速度更快。be capable of固定短语,“能够”,故填of。

(9)考查非谓语动词。help to do/ help do固定短语,“帮助做某事”,故填to develop/ develop。

(10)考查副词。句意:该大学估计,对于该州常见的行业——造船来说,这种大型3D 打印机将大幅削减生产新船所需的成本和时间。此处修饰动词cut,要用副词,故填dramatically。

【点评】本题考点涉及主语从句,非谓语动词,副词,冠词,形容词,时态语态以及副词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇科技类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

7.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Car registration plates (牌照) are just a series of numbers and letters, right? Well, yes…but not for everyone.

France was the first country ________ (introduce) plates in 1893. Early number plates differed ________ shape and size, and were made of lots of different materials, including iron, cardboard and even pressed soybeans. In fact, it was not until 1957 ________ car manufacturers and the governments agreed on standardized plates. ________ was first registered in the UK was A1. The letter "A" showed the number was from London, while the number "1" showed it was the first number issued. At the moment, number plates ________ (consist) of a sequence of letters and numbers are applied in the UK.

Different EU countries also use different arrangements of numbers and letters, and ________ (they) systems have changed many times because these letter-number ________ (combine) keep

running out. In the past decades, some number plates ________ (become) extremely valuable, particularly those that spell out words. ________ (basic), numbers on the plates can be used to represent words or parts of words. For example, "NVERLA8" means "Never Late". And the most ________ (expense) number ever was "M1" which an anonymous buyer has acquired for £331,000.

【答案】to introduce;in;that;What;consisting;their;combinations;have become;Basically;expensive

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了车牌的发展史,包括材质、形状以及车牌上数字和字母所代表的含义等。

(1)考查非谓语动词。句意:1893年,法国是第一个引入车牌的国家。分析句子可知,此处为固定句型“be+形容词+to do sth.”,故填to introduce。

(2)考查介词。句意:早期车牌在形状和大小上都不相同。differ in固定短语,“在……方面不同”,故填in。

(3)考查强调句型。句意:事实上,直到1957年,汽车制造商和政府才就标准化车牌达成一致。分析句子可知,此处为强调句型“it is/was not until…that…”,意为“直到……才”,故填that。

(4)考查主语从句。句意:在英国首次注册的是A1。分析句子可知,此句为主语从句,从句缺少主语,因此需要连接代词what做主语,且在句首需大写,故填What。

(5)考查非谓语动词。句意:目前,由一系列字母和数字组成的车牌在英国适用。分析句子可知,number plates与consist是逻辑上的主动关系,因此需使用现在分词作定语,故填consisting。

(6)考查代词。句意:不同的欧盟国家之间也使用不同的数字和字母安排,他们的系统已经改变了很多次,因为这些字母和数字的组合在不断耗尽。修饰名词systems需用形容词性物主代词,故填their。

(7)考查名词。句意:不同的欧盟国家之间也使用不同的数字和字母安排,他们的系统已经改变了很多次,因为这些字母和数字的组合在不断耗尽。these为修饰可数名词复数的指示代词,应使用名词复数。故填combinations。

(8)考查时态。句意:在过去的几十年里,一些车牌变得极其宝贵,特别是那些拼出单词的车牌。分析句子可知,in the past decades一般与现在完成时连用,主语some number plates是复数概念,故填have become。

(9)考查副词。句意:基本上,盘子上的数字可以表示单词或部分单词。分析句子可知,修饰整个句子时要使用副词,故填Basically。

(10)考查形容词。句意:有史以来,最贵的一个车牌是一名匿名买家以331000英镑购买的M1。分析句子可知,修饰名词number需用形容词,故填expensive。

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,介词,强调句,主语从句,代词,名词,时态,副词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

8.阅读下面材料.在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Many people take the idea of saving money very seriously. Back in 1924, in Italy, a group of people________ (think) the inability to resist spending a major social problem. They had the idea of starting a day to remind people to put away some money for a rainy day. This is how World Saving Day, held on Oct 31st ________(annual), was started, and it's still going strong in 2019.

Not surprisingly, a movement ________(target) the poor was started. People in the underdeveloped world are more open ________ calls to be careful with money. But ________ idea of being thrifty (节俭)has also become popular among the rich. Take Mark Zuckerberg for example. The Facebook founder, one of the world's ________(rich) people, doesn't spend very much money on himself.

Other people don't spend money because they don't like the culture of ________(consume). This is connected to the view ________ we should make ourselves happy through the activities we take part in, rather than with what we buy.

But however we view money moderate ________ (spend) is certainly a good idea when we are still too young to get a job. There is a British saying that offers some good advice in this situation: "Look after the pennies, and the pounds will look after ________(they)."

【答案】thought;annually;targeting;to;the;richest;consumption;that;spending;themselves

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,如今人们对待金钱的看法,许多人非常认真地对待存钱的想法,节俭的观念也在富人中流行起来。就此作者建议太年轻找不到工作的时候应当适度消费。

(1)考查时态。句意:早在1924年,在意大利,一群人认为无力抵制消费是一个重大的社会问题。结合上文in 1924可知应用一般过去时。故填thought。

(2)考查副词。句意:每年10月31日举行的世界储蓄日就是这样开始的,2019年仍将保持强劲势头。修饰动词hold应用副词。故填annually。

(3)考查非谓语动词。句意:毫不奇怪,一场针对穷人的运动开始了。分析句子结构可知target在句中做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语movement构成主动关系,应用现在分词。故填targeting。

(4)考查介词。句意:欠发达国家的人们更愿意接受小心花钱的呼吁。be open to固定短语,“愿意接受……的”。故填to。

(5)考查冠词。句意:但节俭的观念也在富人中流行起来。idea为可数名词,此处特指“节俭的观念”,应用定冠词。故填the。

(6)考查形容词。句意:这位Facebook的创始人,世界上最富有的人之一,并没有在自己身上花很多钱。结合句意表示“世界上最富有的人之一”应用形容词最高级。故填richest。

(7)考查名词。句意:其他人不花钱是因为他们不喜欢消费文化。of为介词,后跟名词做宾语,表示“消费”,故填consumption。

(8)考查同位语从句。句意:这与这样一种观点有关:我们应该通过参与活动而不是通过买东西来让自己快乐。本句为同位语从句修饰先行词view,且从句中不缺少成分应用that。故填that。

(9)考查非谓语动词。句意:但无论我们如何看待金钱,在我们还太年轻找不到工作的时候,适度的消费肯定是一个好主意。moderate为形容词修饰名词,表示“消费”,此处使用动名词。故填spending。

(10)考查代词。句意:在这种情况下,英国有句谚语提供了一些很好的建议:“积少成多”谚语Look after the pennies, and the pounds will look after themselves.“积少成多”,此处指代主语pounds,应使用反身代词。故填themselves。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态,副词,非谓语动词,介词,冠词,形容词,名词,同位语从句以及代词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇社会现象类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

9.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Jackie Robinson made his debut (初次露面) with the Brooklyn Dodgers on April 15,1947, and broke the color barrier ________African Americans in baseball.

"It was the most ________ (eager) expected debut in the history of the national pastime," sports author Robert wrote. "It ________(represent) both the dream and the fear of equal opportunity, ________ it would change forever the color of the game and the attitudes of Americans."

________quietly tolerating harsh racist treatment from baseball fans and team members________(like), Robinson rose to Rookie of the Year and proved himself to be one of the most________(talent) and fiercest players in the game. Just two years into the Major Leagues, Robinson won the National League Most Valuable Player Award. He'd go on to play in six World Series and helped give the Dodgers ________ World Series win in 1955.

Off the field, Robinson was a forefather of the Civil Rights Movement, speaking out against ________ (race) discrimination and ________ (push) baseball to use its economic influence to fight against racialism.

【答案】 for;eagerly;represented;and;After;alike;talented;a;racial;pushing

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,杰基·罗宾逊于1947年4月15日在布鲁克林道奇队首次亮相,并在棒球比赛中为非裔美国人打破了肤色障碍。

(1)考查介词。句意:杰基·罗宾逊于1947年4月15日在布鲁克林道奇队首次亮相,并在棒球比赛中为非裔美国人打破了肤色障碍。表示“为……”,所以填for。

(2)考查副词。句意:这是这项全国性运动历史上最受期待的首次亮相。该空修饰形容词expected,用副词,所以填eagerly。

(3)考查时态。句意:它代表了机会均等的梦想和恐惧,它将永远改变比赛的颜色和美国人的态度。表示发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时,所以填represented。

(4)考查连词。句意:它代表了机会均等的梦想和恐惧,它将永远改变比赛的颜色和美国人的态度。表示并列关系,所以填and。

(5)考查连词。句意:在默默忍受了球迷和队友的种族歧视之后,罗宾逊成为了年度最佳新秀,并证明了自己是比赛中最有天赋和最勇猛的球员之一。根据句意文中表示“在……之后”,句子第一个单词的首字母大写,所以填After。

(6)考查副词。句意:在默默忍受了球迷和队友的种族歧视之后,罗宾逊成为了年度最佳新秀,并证明了自己是比赛中最有天赋和最勇猛的球员之一。表示“两者都,同样地”,所以填alike。

(7)考查形容词。句意:在默默忍受了球迷和队友的种族歧视之后,罗宾逊成为了年度最佳新秀,并证明了自己是比赛中最有天赋和最勇猛的球员之一。该空修饰名词players,用形容词,所以填talented。

(8)考查冠词。句意:他后来参加了六次世界大赛,并帮助道奇队在1955年赢得了一次世界大赛。文中泛指“一次世界大赛”,World的首字母发音是辅音,所以填不定冠词a。(9)考查形容词。句意:在球场之外,罗宾逊是民权运动的鼻祖,公开反对种族歧视,推动棒球运动利用其经济影响力对抗种族主义。该空修饰名词discrimination,用形容词,所以填racial。

(10)考查非谓语动词。句意:在球场之外,罗宾逊是民权运动的鼻祖,公开反对种族歧视,推动棒球运动利用其经济影响力对抗种族主义。介词against之后,用v+ing形式,所以填pushing。

【点评】本题考点涉及介词,副词,时态,连词,形容词,冠词,非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

10.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

If this 13-year-old American boy succeeds in his effort ________ (climb) Mount Everest, he has modest ambitions — pick a small piece of rock from the top of the world as a memento (纪念品) and wear it in a necklace.

"I will not sell it or give it to anyone. It is something for ________ (me) to say 'this is a rock from the summit'," Jordan Romero from California, told reporters in Kathmandu. He left ________ the mountain on Sunday.

If he ________ (succeed), Romero will become ________ youngest climber to scale the 8,850 meters Everest summit. ________ (current) a 16-year-old Nepali boy, Temba Tsheri Sherpa, holds the record of being the world's youngest climber of Mount Everest. But Romero said he was not after ________ (set) climbing records.

Romero said Mount Qomolangma was part of his goal to climb the highest mountains on all seven ________ (continent).

"It is just a goal," he ________ (say) confidently. "If I don't succeed I am okay. I will try again." Romero has already climbed Mount Kilimanjaro in Africa and Mount McKinley in Alaska among others.

"I know it requires a lot of ________ (patient). I will remain patient. I want to stay safe and make right choice," Romero said.

【答案】to climb;myself;for;succeeds;the;Currently;setting;continents;said;patience

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,一位13岁的美国男孩准备攀登珠穆朗玛峰,如果他成功登顶,他将创下最年轻登顶的纪录,此前的纪录是一名16岁男孩保持的。

(1)考查非谓语动词。句意:如果这个13岁的美国男孩成功攀登珠穆朗玛峰,他的雄心壮志——从世界之巅挑一块小岩石作为纪念品,然后戴在自己的脖子上。in one's effort to do sth”努力做…...“,故填to climb。

(2)考查代词。句意:对于我来说,它是我说的"这是山顶的一块石头"的某个东西。分析句子可知,say的主语和宾语都是这个小男孩,因此需要使用反身代词。故填myself。(3)考查介词。句意:他星期天出发上山。文章第一句提到"If this 13-year-old American boy succeeds in his effort…"如果这个小男孩成功了的话,说明男孩那时还未出发登山,leave for固定短语,”出发至某处“,故填for。

(4)考查时态。句意:如果他成功的话,他就会成为最年轻的登山员。分析句子可知,男孩成为登山员的条件是他成功了,即指某一件事情实现之后(状语从句中的动作),其它事情(主句中的动作)才能发生,通常译作"假如、如果…",在含有条件状语从句的复合句中,表示将来时态,主句是一般将来时态,祈使句或情态动词,从句要用现在时态,即主将从现原则,该句中主语he是第三人称单数形式,因此句中谓语也要使用三单形式。故填succeeds。

(5)考查冠词。句意:如果他成功的话,他就会成为爬上8850米珠穆朗玛峰最年轻的登山员。分析句子可知,youngest为形容词的最高级,因此需要定冠词the修饰限定,故填the。

(6)考查副词。句意:目前,一名16岁的尼泊尔男孩Temba Tsheri Sherpa保持着世界最年轻的珠穆朗玛峰登山者纪录。分析句子可知,需用副词作状语修饰整个句子。故填Currently。

(7)考查非谓语动词。句意:但在创造了攀登纪录后,Romero说他并不是。分析句子可知,after为介词,介词后动词需使用动名词形式,故填setting。

(8)考查名词。句意:Romero说,珠穆朗玛峰是他攀登七大洲最高峰的目标之一。分析句子可知,seven是复数概念,因此修饰的名词需用复数形式。故填continents。

(9)考查时态。句意:他自信地说。分析文章可知,整篇文章使用了一般过去时,为保证时态一致性,因此需使用一般过去时,故填said。

(10)考查名词。句意:我知道这需要很大的耐心。分析句子可知,a lot of后接名词,因此需将patient改为名词形式。故填patience。

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,代词,介词,时态,冠词,副词以及名词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

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